Learn to talk about names in 6 minutes! - YouTube
Lerne in 6 Minuten, über Namen zu sprechen! - YouTube
Aprende a hablar de nombres en 6 minutos - YouTube
Apprenez à parler des noms en 6 minutes ! - YouTube
6分間で名前について学ぼう- YouTube
6분 만에 이름에 대해 이야기하는 법을 배워보세요! - 유튜브
Naucz się mówić o imionach w 6 minut! - YouTube
Aprender a falar sobre nomes em 6 minutos! - YouTube
Научитесь говорить об именах за 6 минут! - YouTube
İsimler hakkında konuşmayı 6 dakikada öğrenin! - YouTube
Навчіться говорити про імена за 6 хвилин! - YouTube
在 6 分钟内学会谈论名字！- 视频
6 分鐘學會談名字！ - Youtube
Dan: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English.
I'm Dan and joining me today is Neil. Hi Neil.
|||beigetreten||||||
Neil: Hi there, Dan.
尼尔：嗨，丹。
Dan: You're a married man, Neil. When you were wed,
||||||Als|||verheiratet
|||||||||got married
|||||||||żonaty
|||||||||casado
دن: تو مرد متاهلی هستی، نیل. وقتی ازدواج کردی،
Dan : Vous êtes un homme marié, Neil. Quand tu étais marié,
did your wife change her family name?
آیا همسر شما نام خانوادگی خود را تغییر داده است؟
Czy twoja żona zmieniła nazwisko?
Neil: Yes she did.
Dan: Was that her choice?
دن: این انتخاب او بود؟
丹：这是她的选择吗？
Neil: Oh yes. She didn't like her old name,
so for her it was a win-win. How about you?
بنابراین برای او این یک برد-برد بود. در مورد شما چطور؟
więc dla niej była to wygrana-wygrana. A ty?
Dan: Well, my wife wanted to keep her surname,
||||||||Nachname
||||||||sobrenome
دن: خب، همسرم می خواست نام خانوادگی خود را حفظ کند،
Dan : Eh bien, ma femme voulait garder son nom de famille,
but was forced to adopt mine
||gezwungen|||
||mas foi forçado a adotar o meu||adotar|
mais a été forcé d'adopter le mien
ale został zmuszony do przyjęcia mojego
但被迫采用我的
because that was the law where we got married.
因为这是我们结婚地的法律。
Neil: Would you have thought about taking her name?
||||pensado||pegando||
نیل: آیا به این فکر می کردی که نام او را ببری؟
Neil : Auriez-vous pensé à prendre son nom ?
尼尔：你会考虑用她的名字吗？
Dan: That's what we're talking about in this
6 Minute English. A husband taking a wife's
6 دقیقه انگلیسی شوهر گرفتن زن
6分钟英语。丈夫带走妻子的
name after marriage. All that,
||Name nach Heirat||
||casamento||
six related words and our quiz question.
شش کلمه مرتبط و سوال مسابقه ما.
Neil: OK. Let's have the question.
Dan: In which country has it been forbidden
|||país||||proibido
Dan : Dans quel pays est-ce interdit ?
since 1789 for a citizen to change their name
|||Bürger||||
depuis 1789 pour qu'un citoyen change de nom
legally, even after marriage?
legalmente|||
légalement, même après le mariage ?
legalnie, nawet po ślubie?
Is it a) Japan, b) France or c) Turkey
Neil: I'm going to go for b) France
Dan: And we'll see if you're right later.
Now, traditionally in the UK,
|tradicionalmente|||
when a man and a woman get married,
wenn||Mann||||heiraten|
kiedy mężczyzna i kobieta biorą ślub,
the woman takes the man's family name.
And this replaces her maiden name.
||ersetzt||Mädchenname|
||||unmarried surname|
||substitui||de solteira|
Et cela remplace son nom de jeune fille.
I to zastępuje jej nazwisko panieńskie.
这取代了她的娘家姓。
Neil: A maiden name is the surname a woman had
||de solteira||||sobrenome|||
Neil : Un nom de jeune fille est le nom de famille qu'une femme avait
before she was married. This all dates
avant qu'elle ne soit mariée. Tout cela date
back to the Norman invasion of England, back in 1066.
|||Norman people|||||
|||normando|||||
retour à l'invasion normande de l'Angleterre, en 1066.
They introduced the idea that when
|einführte||||
Wprowadzili pomysł, że kiedy
a woman married a man, she became his property.
|||||sie|||Eigentum
||||||tornou-se||
As a result of this, she took his name.
Dan: These days, many women elect to keep
|||||wählen||
|||||optam||
Dan : Ces jours-ci, beaucoup de femmes choisissent de garder
丹：如今，许多女性选择保留
their maiden name upon marriage or combine it
|||bei|||kombinieren|
||||||hyphenate|
|||ao se casar|casamento|||
leur nom de jeune fille lors du mariage ou le combiner
结婚时的婚前姓氏或将其合并
with their new husband's in some way, sometimes
avec leur nouveau mari d'une manière ou d'une autre, parfois
有时以某种方式与他们的新丈夫
by making the name double-barrelled.
||||doppelt-barreliert|doppelnamig gemacht
|||||hyphenated or combined
|||||deixando o nome duplo-barrelled.
en rendant le nom à double canon.
通过使名称具有双重含义。
Neil: A double-barrelled name is two names.
|||doppelnamig||||
尼尔：双管名字是两个名字。
that are connected by a hyphen, such as Jones-Smith
|||||Bindestrich||||
|||||hyphenated name||||
|||||hífen||||
qui sont reliés par un trait d'union, comme Jones-Smith
Dan: However, a growing number of couples
||||||partners
|||um número crescente|||casais
丹：然而，越来越多的夫妻
in western culture are doing it differently.
|ocidental|||||
When they get married,
the husband elects to take the wife's surname.
||wählt aus|||||
||chooses|||||
||wybiera|||||
||escolhe|||||
le mari choisit de prendre le nom de famille de la femme.
mąż decyduje się przyjąć nazwisko żony.
Neil: In a BBC article about surnames and marriage,
Rory Dearlove, formerly Rory Cook,
||ehemals||
|Beloved or cherished|||
||anteriormente||
talks about why he decided to take his wife's surname.
درباره اینکه چرا تصمیم گرفت نام خانوادگی همسرش را بگیرد صحبت می کند.
He said that he wasn't really attached
||||||verbunden
||||||ligado
Dia mengatakan bahwa dia tidak benar-benar terikat
他说他并没有真正依恋
to his name anyway.
|||de qualquer forma
به هر حال به نام او
To him it didn't make any difference.
Для него это не имело никакого значения.
对他来说这并没有什么区别。
Dan: Well, he's not alone.
A recent study of 2000 UK adults by Opinium,
|eine aktuelle||||||Opinium
|||||||research company
|||||||Opinium
Nedávná studie společnosti Opinium, které se zúčastnilo 2000 dospělých ve Velké Británii,
مطالعه اخیر روی 2000 بزرگسال بریتانیایی توسط Opinium،
Opinium 最近对 2000 名英国成年人进行了一项研究，
a strategic insight agency, suggested that one in ten
|strategisch|Erkenntnis||||||
||strategic understanding||||||
||agência de insights||||||
strategická agentura, naznačila, že každý desátý
une agence d'analyse stratégique, a suggéré qu'un sur dix
一家战略洞察机构表示，十分之一
millennial men, currently between 18 and 34 years old,
Millennials||||||
young adult||||||
milenialowy||||||
milleniais||||||
muži v miléniu, kterým je v současné době 18 až 34 let,
les hommes du millénaire, actuellement âgés de 18 à 34 ans,
tysiącletnich mężczyzn, obecnie w wieku od 18 do 34 lat,
fall into this category.
|dentro de||
spadají do této kategorie.
都属于这一类。
Neil: Charlie Shaw, a Tibetan Buddhist meditation
||||tibetana|budista tibetana|meditação
Neil：Charlie Shaw，藏传佛教冥想
instructor, who took his wife's name when they
instruktor, który przyjął nazwisko swojej żony, kiedy razem
married last year, said that it was an opportunity
||||||||Gelegenheit
ożenił się w zeszłym roku, powiedział, że była to okazja
to acknowledge the unseen patriarchal
|anerkennen||unsichtbar|patriarchalisch
||||male-dominated system
||||patriarchalny
|reconhecer|o|reconhecer o patriarcado invisível|patriarcal
reconnaître le patriarcat invisible
承认看不见的父权制
bias and sexism in our society.
viés||sexismo|||
Dan: Patriarchal means 'controlled by men'
|Patriarcal|significa|||
and a bias is the unfair support or opposition
||Voreingenommenheit||||||Opposition
||Unfair preference||||||
||viés injusto|||injusto|apoio injusto||
et un parti pris est le soutien ou l'opposition injuste
to a person, thing or idea.
Neil: Many traditional societies were patriarchal.
Neil: Mnoho tradičních společností bylo patriarchálních.
But modern UK society is less like that.
|||moderne britische Gesellschaft||||
|||||menos assim||
Moderní britská společnost je však taková méně.
Ale współczesne społeczeństwo brytyjskie jest mniej podobne.
但现代英国社会已不再如此。
Everyone is meant to be equal.
||gemeint|||
||intended|||
Todos|||||
Všichni si mají být rovni.
Tout le monde est censé être égal.
每个人都应该是平等的。
Dan: Ah yes, but that's the unseen part.
||||||parte invisível|
Dan: Ach ano, ale to je ta neviditelná část.
丹：啊，是的，但那是看不见的部分。
And there's the social view of things too.
A je tu také sociální pohled na věc.
此外，还有社会观点。
Rachel Robnett, a researcher at the University of
|Rachel Robnett||||||
|||pesquisadora||||
Rachel Robnettová, výzkumná pracovnice na University of
Nevada surveyed a number of people
|befragte||||
|przesłuchała||||
|entrevistou||||
Nevada provedla průzkum u řady lidí
Le Nevada a interrogé un certain nombre de personnes
in the US and UK, and found that the husbands of
v USA a ve Velké Británii a zjistili, že manželé
of women who keep their maiden names are viewed
|||behalten|||||
||||||||perceived
|||||mulheres que mantêm seus sobrenomes de solteiras|||
žen, které si ponechávají dívčí příjmení.
des femmes qui gardent leur nom de jeune fille sont vues
as 'feminine', while the women are believed to
|weiblich|während|||||
|feminine trait||||||
|feminina|||||consideradas|
jako "ženské", zatímco ženy jsou považovány za "ženské".
comme "féminin", alors que les femmes sont censées
sebagai 'feminin', sedangkan para wanita dipercayai
被认为是“女性化的”，而女性则被认为
'wear the trousers'.
||mandar (usar as calças)
"nosit kalhoty".
‘穿上裤子’。
Neil: If you 'wear the trousers' in a relationship,
Neil : Si vous "portez le pantalon" dans une relation,
it means you 'have the control
|significa||||
and make the decisions for both people'.
Dan: I wondered about that,
||wunderte mich||
Dan: To mě zajímalo,
Dan : Je me suis posé la question,
丹：我对此很好奇，
so I went out into London
|ich||||
tak jsem se vydal do Londýna
alors je suis allé à Londres
所以我去了伦敦
and asked people what they thought
about a man who took his wife's name
关于一个男人取了妻子的姓氏
when they got married. Here's what they said.
Woman: I don't think it's a bad idea at all.
女人：我认为这根本不是一个坏主意。
My dad's 55 and he took my mother's surname.
Mon père a 55 ans et il a pris le nom de famille de ma mère.
我爸爸55岁了，他随了我妈妈的姓。
If people want to do it,
Si les gens veulent le faire,
then all the power to them.
||die|||ihnen
pak jim přeji hodně sil.
alors tout le pouvoir à eux.
那么所有的权力都归于他们。
Man: It's each to their own really.
|||||jeder wie er will|wirklich
Muž: Každý si to přebere sám.
Homme : C'est vraiment chacun son truc.
男人：其实，每个人都有自己的想法。
It doesn't hurt anybody. And it's no different from
|||ninguém|||||
Nikomu to neublíží. A nijak se neliší od
a woman taking a man's name.
Woman: The only reason I think that anybody
Žena: Jediný důvod, proč si myslím, že někdo
女性女: 私が思う唯一の理由は
should take someone else's surname
by si měl vzít příjmení někoho jiného
devrait prendre le nom de famille de quelqu'un d'autre
他人の姓を名乗るべきだ
应该取别人的姓氏
if just for the creation of a family unit.
i kdyby jen kvůli vytvoření rodinné jednotky.
如果只是为了建立一个家庭单位。
But if it's just out of principle, I don't agree.
|Aber wenn|||aus Prinzip|||||
||||||princípio|||
Ale pokud je to jen z principu, nesouhlasím.
但如果只是出于原则，我不同意。
Dan: It seems that the people I talked to
Dan: Zdá se, že lidé, se kterými jsem mluvil.
are comfortable with the idea.
jsou s touto myšlenkou spokojeni.
Neil: Yes. Most said that people are free
Neil: Ano. Většina lidí říká, že jsou svobodní.
to do what they want. One woman even mentioned
||||||||erwähnte
||||||||brought up
dělat, co chtějí. Jedna žena dokonce zmínila.
faire ce qu'ils veulent. Une femme a même mentionné
the creation of a family unit.
|Gründung einer Familie||||
vytvoření rodinné jednotky.
Dan: A unit is a group of people living
Dan: Jednotka je skupina lidí, kteří žijí
or working together. A typical family unit would be
two parents and some children.
Well, that answers that question.
To je odpověď na tuto otázku.
People don't seem to mind who takes who's name.
|nicht|||sich kümmern||||
Zdá se, že lidem nevadí, kdo si vezme čí jméno.
Es scheint niemanden zu kümmern, wer wessen Namen annimmt.
Les gens ne semblent pas se soucier de qui prend le nom de qui.
Neil: Speaking of questions.
Neil: Když už mluvíme o otázkách.
Neil: Wenn wir schon von Fragen sprechen.
How about our quiz question?
Wie wäre es mit unserer Quizfrage?
Dan: I asked you in which country
Dan: Pytałem, w którym kraju
it's been forbidden since 1789
||proibido|
je to zakázáno od roku 1789.
for a citizen to change their name legally,
pro občana, aby si mohl legálně změnit jméno,
aby obywatel mógł legalnie zmienić nazwisko,
even after marriage?
i po svatbě?
a) Japan, b) France or c) Turkey
Neil: And I said b) France
Dan: And you were spot on as usual, Neil.
||du||||||
Dan: A jako obvykle jsi měl pravdu, Neile.
Dan : Et tu étais sur place comme d'habitude, Neil.
ダン：そして、いつものように的確だったね、ニール。
Дэн: И ты, как всегда, попал в точку, Нил.
丹：尼尔，你和往常一样表现得很好。
Neil: Let's take a look at the vocabulary, shall we?
Neil: Podívejme se na slovní zásobu, ano?
Dan: First we had maiden name.
||||birth surname|
This is a woman's family name before she is married.
My mother refused to give up her maiden name
Meine||||||||
Ma mère a refusé de donner son nom de jeune fille
to my father when she got married.
à mon père quand elle s'est mariée.
Neil: Then we had double-barrelled.
|||||de dois canos
Neil : Ensuite, nous avons eu un double coup.
A double-barrelled name is two names
that are joined by a hyphen.
||verbunden|||Bindestrich
|||||connected by hyphen
Can you think of any famous examples?
Dan: Well, there's the Duchess of Cornwall
||||Herzogin von Cornwall||
||||noblewoman||British title
||||duquesa||
Camilla Parker-Bowles for one.
Duchess of Cornwall||married surname||
She's married to Prince Charles -
next in line to the English throne.
||||||Thron
Then we had patriarchal.
|||male-dominated
If something is patriarchal,
it is controlled by men.
The feminine equivalent is matriarchal,
||äquivalent||matriarchal
||counterpart||female-led society
||||matriarcal
controlled by women.
Neil: Then we had bias. A bias is unfair support
||||unfair preference|||||
||||viés injusto|||||
Neil: Pak jsme měli předsudky. Předpojatost je nespravedlivá podpora
Neil : Ensuite, nous avions un parti pris. Un parti pris est un soutien injuste
Нил: Тогда у нас было предубеждение. Предвзятость - это несправедливая поддержка
or opposition to a person, thing or idea.
|Opposition||||||
nebo odpor k osobě, věci či myšlence.
人、物、考えに対する反対。
Dan: Many fans are biased in favour
||||||supporting
||fãs||parciais||favor
Dan: Mnoho fanoušků je zaujatých ve prospěch
Dan : de nombreux fans sont partisans
ダン：多くのファンは賛成に偏っている
of their football team.
jejich fotbalového týmu.
Then we had wear the trousers.
If you wear the trousers, you have the control
||tragen||||||
and make the decisions for both people.
Do you wear the trousers in your marriage, Neil?
Neil: Oh, we both wear the trousers in my marriage,
尼尔：哦，在我的婚姻中，我们双方都占主导地位，
thank you Dan. Then we had unit.
Děkuji, Dane. Pak jsme měli jednotku.
A unit is a group of people living or working
Jednotka je skupina lidí, kteří žijí nebo pracují.
together. Like the BBC Learning English team... or unit!
as one||||||||
společně. Jako tým BBC Learning English... nebo jednotka!
Dan: And that's the end of this 6 Minute English.
Don't forget to check out our Facebook, Twitter,
Instagram and YouTube pages.
Instagram i YouTube.
And we'll see you next time. Bye!
Neil: Bye!
