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The Sign of the Four By Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Chapter I The Science of Deduction

Chapter I The Science of Deduction

Sherlock Holmes took his bottle from the corner of the mantel-piece and his hypodermic syringe from its neat morocco case. With his long, white, nervous fingers he adjusted the delicate needle, and rolled back his left shirt-cuff. For some little time his eyes rested thoughtfully upon the sinewy forearm and wrist all dotted and scarred with innumerable puncture-marks. Finally he thrust the sharp point home, pressed down the tiny piston, and sank back into the velvet-lined arm-chair with a long sigh of satisfaction.

Three times a day for many months I had witnessed this performance, but custom had not reconciled my mind to it. On the contrary, from day to day I had become more irritable at the sight, and my conscience swelled nightly within me at the thought that I had lacked the courage to protest. Again and again I had registered a vow that I should deliver my soul upon the subject, but there was that in the cool, nonchalant air of my companion which made him the last man with whom one would care to take anything approaching to a liberty. His great powers, his masterly manner, and the experience which I had had of his many extraordinary qualities, all made me diffident and backward in crossing him.

Yet upon that afternoon, whether it was the Beaune which I had taken with my lunch, or the additional exasperation produced by the extreme deliberation of his manner, I suddenly felt that I could hold out no longer.

“Which is it to-day?” I asked,—“morphine or cocaine?”

He raised his eyes languidly from the old black-letter volume which he had opened. “It is cocaine,” he said,—“a seven-per-cent. solution. Would you care to try it?”

“No, indeed,” I answered, brusquely. “My constitution has not got over the Afghan campaign yet. I cannot afford to throw any extra strain upon it.”

He smiled at my vehemence. “Perhaps you are right, Watson,” he said. “I suppose that its influence is physically a bad one. I find it, however, so transcendently stimulating and clarifying to the mind that its secondary action is a matter of small moment.”

“But consider!” I said, earnestly. “Count the cost! Your brain may, as you say, be roused and excited, but it is a pathological and morbid process, which involves increased tissue-change and may at last leave a permanent weakness. You know, too, what a black reaction comes upon you. Surely the game is hardly worth the candle. Why should you, for a mere passing pleasure, risk the loss of those great powers with which you have been endowed? Remember that I speak not only as one comrade to another, but as a medical man to one for whose constitution he is to some extent answerable.”

He did not seem offended. On the contrary, he put his finger-tips together and leaned his elbows on the arms of his chair, like one who has a relish for conversation.

“My mind,” he said, “rebels at stagnation. Give me problems, give me work, give me the most abstruse cryptogram or the most intricate analysis, and I am in my own proper atmosphere. I can dispense then with artificial stimulants. But I abhor the dull routine of existence. I crave for mental exaltation. That is why I have chosen my own particular profession,—or rather created it, for I am the only one in the world.”

“The only unofficial detective?” I said, raising my eyebrows.

“The only unofficial consulting detective,” he answered. “I am the last and highest court of appeal in detection. When Gregson or Lestrade or Athelney Jones are out of their depths—which, by the way, is their normal state—the matter is laid before me. I examine the data, as an expert, and pronounce a specialist's opinion. I claim no credit in such cases. My name figures in no newspaper. The work itself, the pleasure of finding a field for my peculiar powers, is my highest reward. But you have yourself had some experience of my methods of work in the Jefferson Hope case.”

“Yes, indeed,” said I, cordially. “I was never so struck by anything in my life. I even embodied it in a small brochure with the somewhat fantastic title of ‘A Study in Scarlet. '”

He shook his head sadly. “I glanced over it,” said he. “Honestly, I cannot congratulate you upon it. Detection is, or ought to be, an exact science, and should be treated in the same cold and unemotional manner. You have attempted to tinge it with romanticism, which produces much the same effect as if you worked a love-story or an elopement into the fifth proposition of Euclid.”

“But the romance was there,” I remonstrated. “I could not tamper with the facts.”

“Some facts should be suppressed, or at least a just sense of proportion should be observed in treating them. The only point in the case which deserved mention was the curious analytical reasoning from effects to causes by which I succeeded in unraveling it.”

I was annoyed at this criticism of a work which had been specially designed to please him. I confess, too, that I was irritated by the egotism which seemed to demand that every line of my pamphlet should be devoted to his own special doings. More than once during the years that I had lived with him in Baker Street I had observed that a small vanity underlay my companion's quiet and didactic manner. I made no remark, however, but sat nursing my wounded leg. I had a Jezail bullet through it some time before, and, though it did not prevent me from walking, it ached wearily at every change of the weather.

“My practice has extended recently to the Continent,” said Holmes, after a while, filling up his old brier-root pipe. “I was consulted last week by François Le Villard, who, as you probably know, has come rather to the front lately in the French detective service. He has all the Celtic power of quick intuition, but he is deficient in the wide range of exact knowledge which is essential to the higher developments of his art. The case was concerned with a will, and possessed some features of interest. I was able to refer him to two parallel cases, the one at Riga in 1857, and the other at St. Louis in 1871, which have suggested to him the true solution. Here is the letter which I had this morning acknowledging my assistance.” He tossed over, as he spoke, a crumpled sheet of foreign notepaper. I glanced my eyes down it, catching a profusion of notes of admiration, with stray “magnifiques,” “coup-de-maîtres,” and “tours-de-force,” all testifying to the ardent admiration of the Frenchman.

“He speaks as a pupil to his master,” said I.

“Oh, he rates my assistance too highly,” said Sherlock Holmes, lightly. “He has considerable gifts himself. He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. He has the power of observation and that of deduction. He is only wanting in knowledge; and that may come in time. He is now translating my small works into French.”

“Your works?”

“Oh, didn't you know?” he cried, laughing. “Yes, I have been guilty of several monographs. They are all upon technical subjects. Here, for example, is one ‘Upon the Distinction between the Ashes of the Various Tobaccoes.' In it I enumerate a hundred and forty forms of cigar-, cigarette-, and pipe-tobacco, with coloured plates illustrating the difference in the ash. It is a point which is continually turning up in criminal trials, and which is sometimes of supreme importance as a clue. If you can say definitely, for example, that some murder has been done by a man who was smoking an Indian lunkah, it obviously narrows your field of search. To the trained eye there is as much difference between the black ash of a Trichinopoly and the white fluff of bird's-eye as there is between a cabbage and a potato.”

“You have an extraordinary genius for minutiæ,” I remarked.

“I appreciate their importance. Here is my monograph upon the tracing of footsteps, with some remarks upon the uses of plaster of Paris as a preserver of impresses. Here, too, is a curious little work upon the influence of a trade upon the form of the hand, with lithotypes of the hands of slaters, sailors, corkcutters, compositors, weavers, and diamond-polishers. That is a matter of great practical interest to the scientific detective,—especially in cases of unclaimed bodies, or in discovering the antecedents of criminals. But I weary you with my hobby.”

“Not at all,” I answered, earnestly. “It is of the greatest interest to me, especially since I have had the opportunity of observing your practical application of it. But you spoke just now of observation and deduction. Surely the one to some extent implies the other.”

“Why, hardly,” he answered, leaning back luxuriously in his arm-chair, and sending up thick blue wreaths from his pipe. “For example, observation shows me that you have been to the Wigmore Street Post-Office this morning, but deduction lets me know that when there you dispatched a telegram.”

“Right!” said I. “Right on both points! But I confess that I don't see how you arrived at it. It was a sudden impulse upon my part, and I have mentioned it to no one.”

“It is simplicity itself,” he remarked, chuckling at my surprise,—“so absurdly simple that an explanation is superfluous; and yet it may serve to define the limits of observation and of deduction. Observation tells me that you have a little reddish mould adhering to your instep. Just opposite the Seymour Street Office they have taken up the pavement and thrown up some earth which lies in such a way that it is difficult to avoid treading in it in entering. The earth is of this peculiar reddish tint which is found, as far as I know, nowhere else in the neighbourhood. So much is observation. The rest is deduction.”

“How, then, did you deduce the telegram?”

“Why, of course I knew that you had not written a letter, since I sat opposite to you all morning. I see also in your open desk there that you have a sheet of stamps and a thick bundle of post-cards. What could you go into the post-office for, then, but to send a wire? Eliminate all other factors, and the one which remains must be the truth.”

“In this case it certainly is so,” I replied, after a little thought. “The thing, however, is, as you say, of the simplest. Would you think me impertinent if I were to put your theories to a more severe test?”

“On the contrary,” he answered, “it would prevent me from taking a second dose of cocaine. I should be delighted to look into any problem which you might submit to me.”

“I have heard you say that it is difficult for a man to have any object in daily use without leaving the impress of his individuality upon it in such a way that a trained observer might read it. Now, I have here a watch which has recently come into my possession. Would you have the kindness to let me have an opinion upon the character or habits of the late owner?”

I handed him over the watch with some slight feeling of amusement in my heart, for the test was, as I thought, an impossible one, and I intended it as a lesson against the somewhat dogmatic tone which he occasionally assumed. He balanced the watch in his hand, gazed hard at the dial, opened the back, and examined the works, first with his naked eyes and then with a powerful convex lens. I could hardly keep from smiling at his crestfallen face when he finally snapped the case to and handed it back.

“There are hardly any data,” he remarked. “The watch has been recently cleaned, which robs me of my most suggestive facts.”

“You are right,” I answered. “It was cleaned before being sent to me.” In my heart I accused my companion of putting forward a most lame and impotent excuse to cover his failure. What data could he expect from an uncleaned watch?

“Though unsatisfactory, my research has not been entirely barren,” he observed, staring up at the ceiling with dreamy, lack-lustre eyes. “Subject to your correction, I should judge that the watch belonged to your elder brother, who inherited it from your father.”

“That you gather, no doubt, from the H. W. upon the back?”

“Quite so. The W. suggests your own name. The date of the watch is nearly fifty years back, and the initials are as old as the watch: so it was made for the last generation. Jewelry usually descends to the eldest son, and he is most likely to have the same name as the father. Your father has, if I remember right, been dead many years. It has, therefore, been in the hands of your eldest brother.”

“Right, so far,” said I. “Anything else?”

“He was a man of untidy habits,—very untidy and careless. He was left with good prospects, but he threw away his chances, lived for some time in poverty with occasional short intervals of prosperity, and finally, taking to drink, he died. That is all I can gather.”

I sprang from my chair and limped impatiently about the room with considerable bitterness in my heart.

“This is unworthy of you, Holmes,” I said. “I could not have believed that you would have descended to this. You have made inquires into the history of my unhappy brother, and you now pretend to deduce this knowledge in some fanciful way. You cannot expect me to believe that you have read all this from his old watch! It is unkind, and, to speak plainly, has a touch of charlatanism in it.”

“My dear doctor,” said he, kindly, “pray accept my apologies. Viewing the matter as an abstract problem, I had forgotten how personal and painful a thing it might be to you. I assure you, however, that I never even knew that you had a brother until you handed me the watch.”

“Then how in the name of all that is wonderful did you get these facts? They are absolutely correct in every particular.”

“Ah, that is good luck. I could only say what was the balance of probability. I did not at all expect to be so accurate.”

“But it was not mere guess-work?”

“No, no: I never guess. It is a shocking habit,—destructive to the logical faculty. What seems strange to you is only so because you do not follow my train of thought or observe the small facts upon which large inferences may depend. For example, I began by stating that your brother was careless. When you observe the lower part of that watch-case you notice that it is not only dinted in two places, but it is cut and marked all over from the habit of keeping other hard objects, such as coins or keys, in the same pocket. Surely it is no great feat to assume that a man who treats a fifty-guinea watch so cavalierly must be a careless man. Neither is it a very far-fetched inference that a man who inherits one article of such value is pretty well provided for in other respects.”

I nodded, to show that I followed his reasoning.

“It is very customary for pawnbrokers in England, when they take a watch, to scratch the number of the ticket with a pin-point upon the inside of the case. It is more handy than a label, as there is no risk of the number being lost or transposed. There are no less than four such numbers visible to my lens on the inside of this case. Inference,—that your brother was often at low water. Secondary inference,—that he had occasional bursts of prosperity, or he could not have redeemed the pledge. Finally, I ask you to look at the inner plate, which contains the key-hole. Look at the thousands of scratches all round the hole,—marks where the key has slipped. What sober man's key could have scored those grooves? But you will never see a drunkard's watch without them. He winds it at night, and he leaves these traces of his unsteady hand. Where is the mystery in all this?”

“It is as clear as daylight,” I answered. “I regret the injustice which I did you. I should have had more faith in your marvellous faculty. May I ask whether you have any professional inquiry on foot at present?”

“None. Hence the cocaine. I cannot live without brain-work. What else is there to live for? Stand at the window here. Was ever such a dreary, dismal, unprofitable world? See how the yellow fog swirls down the street and drifts across the dun-coloured houses. What could be more hopelessly prosaic and material? What is the use of having powers, doctor, when one has no field upon which to exert them? Crime is commonplace, existence is commonplace, and no qualities save those which are commonplace have any function upon earth.”

I had opened my mouth to reply to this tirade, when with a crisp knock our landlady entered, bearing a card upon the brass salver.

“A young lady for you, sir,” she said, addressing my companion.

“Miss Mary Morstan,” he read. “Hum! I have no recollection of the name. Ask the young lady to step up, Mrs. Hudson. Don't go, doctor. I should prefer that you remain.”

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Chapter I The Science of Deduction الفصل||||| |||科学||Reasoning process الفصل الأول علم الاقتطاع 第一章 演繹科學

Sherlock Holmes took his bottle from the corner of the mantel-piece and his hypodermic syringe from its neat morocco case. ||||||||||||||hypodermische|Spritze||||Marokko| ||||drug container|out of|||||fireplace shelf||||injection needle|injection device|||neat|leather case| Sherlock|||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||hipodérmica|jeringa hipodérmica|||elegante|marrón de morocco|estuche morocco ||||||||||||||||||акуратний|| أخذ شيرلوك هولمز زجاجته من زاوية قطعة الرف وحقنة تحت الجلد من علبتها الأنيقة المغربية. Sherlock Holmes took his bottle from the corner of the mantel-piece and his hypodermic syringe from its neat morocco case. Sherlock Holmes tirou a garrafa do canto da lareira e a seringa hipodérmica da caixa de marrocos. Шерлок Холмс дістав пляшку з кутка камінної полиці, а шприц для підшкірних ін'єкцій - з акуратного саф'янового футляра. 福爾摩斯從壁爐架一角取出瓶子,從整潔的摩洛哥盒子裡取出皮下注射器。 With his long, white, nervous fingers he adjusted the delicate needle, and rolled back his left shirt-cuff. |||||||||||||||||Ärmel |||||||fine-tuned||delicate|fine, pointed instrument||||||shirt|shirt sleeve ||||||||||aguja||||||| بأصابعه الطويلة والبيضاء المتوترة ، قام بتعديل الإبرة الرقيقة ، ودحرج قميصه الأيسر. With his long, white, nervous fingers he adjusted the delicate needle, and rolled back his left shirt-cuff. Com seus dedos longos, brancos e nervosos, ele ajustou a agulha delicada e enrolou o punho esquerdo da camisa. Ông dùng những ngón tay dài, trắng và run rẩy của mình chỉnh lại cây kim mỏng manh và vén tay áo sơ mi bên trái lên. 他用修长、白皙、紧张的手指调整了精致的针,然后卷起左边的衬衫袖口。 他用修長、白皙、緊張的手指調整了精緻的針,然後捲起左邊的襯衫袖口。 For some little time his eyes rested thoughtfully upon the sinewy forearm and wrist all dotted and scarred with innumerable puncture-marks. ||||||||||sehnigen||||||||||Punktierungen| ||||||rested|with contemplation|||muscular and lean|lower arm||joint between hand||点状的||||countless|puncture marks|marks |||||||pensativamente|||||||||||||| ||||||відпочивали|||||передпліччя||зап’ястя|||||||| لبعض الوقت ، استقرت عيناه بشكل مدروس على الساعد والرسغ المتعرجين ، وكلها منقط ومخشونة بعلامات ثقب لا حصر لها. Por algum tempo, seus olhos pousaram pensativamente no antebraço e no pulso musculoso, todos pontilhados e marcados por inúmeras marcas de perfurações. Trong một lúc ngắn ngủi, đôi mắt anh trầm ngâm nhìn vào cẳng tay và cổ tay gân guốc đầy những vết sẹo và vết đâm. 他的眼睛若有所思地停留了一會兒,落在肌肉發達的前臂和手腕上,上面佈滿了無數的刺痕。 Finally he thrust the sharp point home, pressed down the tiny piston, and sank back into the velvet-lined arm-chair with a long sigh of satisfaction. ||pushed forward||||||||small|small cylinder||sank||||soft fabric lining|||||||contented exhale|| ||впорскнув|||||||||||||||||||||||| أخيرًا دفع النقطة الحادة إلى المنزل ، وضغط على المكبس الصغير ، ثم غرق مرة أخرى في كرسي بذراعين مبطّن بالمخمل بتنهيدة طويلة من الارتياح. Finally he thrust the sharp point home, pressed down the tiny piston, and sank back into the velvet-lined arm-chair with a long sigh of satisfaction. Наконец он вставил острие в отверстие, нажал на крошечный поршень и с долгим вздохом удовлетворения опустился в кресло с бархатной обивкой. Нарешті він встромив вістря всередину, натиснув на крихітний поршень і з довгим зітханням задоволення занурився в оббите оксамитом крісло. Cuối cùng, anh ta đâm mũi nhọn vào đúng vị trí, ấn piston nhỏ xuống và ngả người vào chiếc ghế bành lót nhung với tiếng thở dài thỏa mãn. 最后,他将尖头推回原位,压下小活塞,满意地长长地叹了口气,坐回天鹅绒衬里的扶手椅上。 最後,他將尖頭推回原處,壓下小活塞,滿意地長長地嘆了一口氣,坐回天鵝絨襯裡的扶手椅上。

Three times a day for many months I had witnessed this performance, but custom had not reconciled my mind to it. ||||||||||||||||versöhnt|||| ||||||||||||||||accepted|||| |||||||||свідчив||||звичай|||примирила|||| لقد شاهدت هذا العرض ثلاث مرات في اليوم لعدة أشهر ، لكن العادة لم تصالح عقلي معها. Тричі на день протягом багатьох місяців я був свідком цієї вистави, але звичаї не дозволяли мені примиритися з нею. Tôi đã chứng kiến cảnh tượng này ba lần một ngày trong nhiều tháng, nhưng phong tục vẫn không cho phép tôi chấp nhận nó. 连续几个月,我一天三次目睹这种表演,但风俗并不让我同意。 連續幾個月,我一天三次目睹這種表演,但風俗並不讓我同意。 On the contrary, from day to day I had become more irritable at the sight, and my conscience swelled nightly within me at the thought that I had lacked the courage to protest. |||||||||||grumpy|||sight|||consciousness|expanded|every night|||||||||||||protest ||насправді|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| على العكس من ذلك ، أصبحت أكثر غضبًا من يوم لآخر عند رؤيتي ، وكان ضميري يتضخم بداخلي كل ليلة بسبب فكرة أنني كنت أفتقر إلى الشجاعة للاحتجاج. Навпаки, з кожним днем я ставав дедалі більш роздратованим від цього видовища, і мене щоночі мучила совість від думки, що мені не вистачило мужності протестувати. 相反,我见了一天比一天烦躁,每晚良心都觉得自己没有抗议的勇气。 相反,我見了一天比一天煩躁,每晚良心都覺得自己沒有抗議的勇氣。 Again and again I had registered a vow that I should deliver my soul upon the subject, but there was that in the cool, nonchalant air of my companion which made him the last man with whom one would care to take anything approaching to a liberty. ||||||||||||||||||||||||lässigen|||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||promise|||||||||||||||||unconcerned||||companion|||||||||||||||similar to|||liberty |||||||||||||||||||||||||جوّ بارد||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||despreocupada|||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||недбалий|||||||||||||||||||||| Снова и снова я давал себе клятву высказать все, что думаю по этому поводу, но в холодном, бесстрастном воздухе моего собеседника было что-то такое, что делало его последним человеком, с которым можно было бы решиться на что-то, приближающееся к вольности. Я знову і знову давав обітницю, що віддам свою душу цьому питанню, але в прохолодному, незворушному повітрі мого супутника було щось таке, що робило його останньою людиною, з якою можна було б наважитися на щось подібне до свободи. 我一次又一次地发誓,我要在这个问题上付出我的灵魂,但我的同伴冷静、漫不经心的态度使他成为最后一个愿意与任何接近自由的人在一起的人。 我一次又一次地發誓,我要在這個問題上付出我的靈魂,但我的同伴冷靜、漫不經心的態度使他成為最後一個願意與任何接近自由的人在一起的人。 His great powers, his masterly manner, and the experience which I had had of his many extraordinary qualities, all made me diffident and backward in crossing him. ||||meisterlichen|||||||||||||||||unsicher und zögerlich||||| ||||expert|style|||||||||||extraordinary|||||lacking confidence||reserved||| |||||||||||||||||||||невпевнений||сором'язливий||| لقد جعلتني قواه العظيمة ، وطريقته المتقنة ، والخبرة التي اكتسبتها من صفاته العديدة غير العادية ، كل ذلك أشعر بالخجل والتخلف في عبوره. Його величезна сила, його майстерна манера поведінки, а також досвід, який я отримав від багатьох його надзвичайних якостей, - все це змушувало мене відчувати себе невпевнено і відсталим, коли я перетинався з ним. Sức mạnh to lớn, phong thái điêu luyện và kinh nghiệm mà tôi có được về nhiều phẩm chất phi thường của ông, tất cả khiến tôi trở nên rụt rè và không dám chống lại ông. 他的强大力量,他高超的举止,以及我对他许多非凡品质的体验,都使我在与他交往时变得胆怯和退缩。 他的強大力量,他高超的舉止,以及我對他許多非凡品質的體驗,都使我在與他交往時變得膽怯和退縮。

Yet upon that afternoon, whether it was the Beaune which I had taken with my lunch, or the additional exasperation produced by the extreme deliberation of his manner, I suddenly felt that I could hold out no longer. ||||||||Beaune|||||||||||Verärgerung|||||||||||||||||| 然而||||||||wine from Beaune|||||||||||frustration|||||careful consideration||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||виснаження|||||обдумування||||||||||||| ومع ذلك ، في عصر ذلك اليوم ، سواء كانت Beaune التي تناولتها مع غدائي ، أو السخط الإضافي الناتج عن المداولات الشديدة لأسلوبه ، شعرت فجأة أنه لم يعد بإمكاني الصمود. Але того дня, чи то через бона, якого я взяв з собою на обід, чи то через додаткове роздратування, спричинене надзвичайною розважливістю його манер, я раптом відчув, що більше не можу терпіти. Nhưng vào buổi chiều hôm đó, dù là do chai Beaune mà tôi đã uống cùng bữa trưa hay do sự bực bội thêm do thái độ cực kỳ thận trọng của anh ta, tôi đột nhiên cảm thấy mình không thể chịu đựng được nữa. 然而那天下午,无论是我午饭时带的博纳酒,还是他那极端刻意的态度所带来的额外恼怒,我突然觉得自己再也坚持不下去了。 然而那天下午,無論是我午餐時喝的博納酒,還是他那極度刻意的態度所帶來的額外惱怒,我突然覺得自己再也堅持不下去了。

“Which is it to-day?” I asked,—“morphine or cocaine?” |||||||Morphium|| |||||||مورفين||الكوكايين |||||||||cocaine "أيها اليوم؟" سألت ، "مورفين أم كوكايين؟" “今天是哪一天?”我問:“嗎啡還是可卡因?”

He raised his eyes languidly from the old black-letter volume which he had opened. ||||languid|||||||||| ||||slowly and tiredly||||||book|||| ||||мляво||||||том|||| رفع عينيه بهدوء عن مجلد الحروف السوداء القديم الذي فتحه. Він мляво підняв очі від розгорнутого старого чорного фоліанта. 他从打开的那本黑字旧书上懒洋洋地抬起眼睛。 他從打開的那本黑字舊書上懶洋洋地抬起眼睛。 “It is cocaine,” he said,—“a seven-per-cent. "Це кокаїн, - сказав він, - семивідсотковий. solution. рішення. Would you care to try it?” Хочете спробувати?"

“No, indeed,” I answered, brusquely. ||||abruptly curtly ||||різко "Ні, справді", - грубо відповів я. “My constitution has not got over the Afghan campaign yet. |health||||||Afghan|| |конституція організму|||||||| "Мій організм ще не оговтався від афганської кампанії. “我的宪法还没有结束阿富汗战役。 I cannot afford to throw any extra strain upon it.” |||||||stress|| |||||||напругу|| Я не можу дозволити собі додаткове навантаження на нього". Tôi không thể để nó chịu thêm bất kỳ áp lực nào nữa.” 我不能给它施加任何额外的压力。”

He smiled at my vehemence. ||||intensity of feeling Він посміхнувся моїй несамовитості. 他对我的热情微笑。 他對我的熱情微笑。 “Perhaps you are right, Watson,” he said. "Можливо, ви маєте рацію, Ватсоне, - сказав він. 「也許你是對的,華生,」他說。 “I suppose that its influence is physically a bad one. "Я припускаю, що його вплив є фізично поганим. “Tôi cho rằng ảnh hưởng của nó về mặt vật lý là không tốt. “我认为它的影响在物理上是有害的。 「我認為它的影響在物理上是有害的。 I find it, however, so transcendently stimulating and clarifying to the mind that its secondary action is a matter of small moment.” |||||überaus|||erhellend||||||||||||| |||||beyond comprehension|stimulating||||||||secondary||||||| |||||вищим чином|||прояснюючий||||||||||||| Однак я знаходжу його настільки трансцендентно стимулюючим і прояснюючим розум, що його вторинна дія є справою невеликої миті". Tuy nhiên, tôi thấy nó có tác dụng kích thích và làm sáng tỏ tâm trí một cách siêu việt đến nỗi hành động thứ cấp của nó chỉ là vấn đề nhỏ nhặt.” 然而,我发现它对头脑具有如此超凡的刺激和澄清作用,以至于它的次要作用只是一个小瞬间的问题。” 然而,我發現它對頭腦具有如此超凡的刺激和澄清作用,以至於它的次要作用只是一個小瞬間的問題。”

“But consider!” I said, earnestly. ||||认真地 ||||серйозно "Але подумай!" сказав я, серйозно. “Count the cost! "Порахуйте, скільки це коштує! “Hãy tính toán chi phí! “算算成本吧! 「算算成本吧! Your brain may, as you say, be roused and excited, but it is a pathological and morbid process, which involves increased tissue-change and may at last leave a permanent weakness. |||||||erregt|||||||||krankhaften|||||||||||||| |||||||stimulated|||||||病理性的||病态的|||||tissue||||||||| |||||||піднятий||||||||||||||||||||||| Ваш мозок може бути, як ви кажете, збуджений, але це патологічний і хворобливий процес, який передбачає посилену зміну тканин і, зрештою, може призвести до постійної слабкості. Bộ não của bạn có thể bị kích thích và phấn khích, như bạn nói, nhưng đó là một quá trình bệnh lý và nguy hiểm, bao gồm sự gia tăng thay đổi mô và cuối cùng có thể để lại tình trạng suy nhược vĩnh viễn. 正如你所说,你的大脑可能会被唤醒和兴奋,但这是一个病理和病态的过程,其中涉及组织变化的增加,并可能最终留下永久性的弱点。 正如你所說,你的大腦可能會被喚醒和興奮,但這是一個病理和病態的過程,其中涉及組織變化的增加,並可能最終留下永久性的弱點。 You know, too, what a black reaction comes upon you. |||ما|||||| |||||||||you ||||||||sobre ti| Ти теж знаєш, яка чорна реакція на тебе наступає. 你也知道,你会产生什么样的黑色反应。 Surely the game is hardly worth the candle. Звичайно, гра навряд чи варта свічок. Chắc chắn trò chơi này không đáng để chơi. 当然,这款游戏几乎得不偿失。 Why should you, for a mere passing pleasure, risk the loss of those great powers with which you have been endowed? ||||||||||||||||||||ausgestattet ||||||||||||||قوى عظيمة|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||наділені Чому ви повинні заради скороминущого задоволення ризикувати втратою тих великих сил, якими вас було наділено? Tại sao bạn lại phải vì một thú vui nhất thời mà đánh mất đi những sức mạnh to lớn mà bạn đã được ban tặng? Remember that I speak not only as one comrade to another, but as a medical man to one for whose constitution he is to some extent answerable.” ||||||||Genosse||||||||||||||||||verantwortlich Пам'ятайте, що я говорю не тільки як товариш з товаришем, але як лікар з лікарем, за чиє здоров'я він певною мірою відповідає". 请记住,我不仅以一位同志的身份与另一位同志交谈,而且还以一名医生的身份向他在某种程度上对自己的体质负责的人讲话。”

He did not seem offended. ||no|| Он не выглядел обиженным. Він не виглядав ображеним. Anh ta không có vẻ gì là bị xúc phạm. 他看上去并没有生气。 On the contrary, he put his finger-tips together and leaned his elbows on the arms of his chair, like one who has a relish for conversation. ||||||||||||||||||||||||пристрасть|| 相反,他十指并拢,手肘撑在椅子扶手上,一副乐于交谈的样子。

“My mind,” he said, “rebels at stagnation. ||||||Stagnation ||||||inactivity standstill ||||бунтує|| "Мій розум, - сказав він, - бунтує проти застою. “Tâm trí tôi,” ông nói, “phản đối sự trì trệ. “我的思想,”他说,“反抗停滞。 Give me problems, give me work, give me the most abstruse cryptogram or the most intricate analysis, and I am in my own proper atmosphere. |||||||||||Kryptogramm||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||складний||||||||| Дайте мені проблеми, дайте мені роботу, дайте мені найзагадковішу криптограму або найскладніший аналіз, і я буду в своїй власній атмосфері. Hãy đưa cho tôi những vấn đề, giao cho tôi công việc, đưa cho tôi mật mã khó hiểu nhất hoặc phân tích phức tạp nhất, và tôi sẽ ở trong bầu không khí thích hợp của riêng mình. I can dispense then with artificial stimulants. ||||||Stimulanzien ||обійтися|||| 这样我就可以不用人工兴奋剂了。 But I abhor the dull routine of existence. ||verabscheue||||| ||ненавиджу||нудний||| Nhưng tôi ghét sự nhàm chán thường nhật của cuộc sống. 但我厌恶平淡的生活。 I crave for mental exaltation. ||||精神昇華 ||||Erhebung |desire||| |прагну|||піднесення духу Tôi khao khát sự thăng hoa về mặt tinh thần. That is why I have chosen my own particular profession,—or rather created it, for I am the only one in the world.” Саме тому я обрав свою професію, точніше, створив її, бо я єдиний у світі". 这就是为什么我选择了自己的职业,或者更确切地说创造了它,因为我是世界上唯一的职业。”

“The only unofficial detective?” I said, raising my eyebrows. "Єдиний неофіційний детектив?" сказала я, піднявши брови.

“The only unofficial consulting detective,” he answered. “唯一的非官方咨询侦探,”他回答道。 “I am the last and highest court of appeal in detection. ||||||||上訴法院|| "Я є останньою і найвищою апеляційною інстанцією у сфері детективів. “Tôi là tòa phúc thẩm cuối cùng và cao nhất trong lĩnh vực điều tra. “我是最后一位也是最高侦查上诉法院。 When Gregson or Lestrade or Athelney Jones are out of their depths—which, by the way, is their normal state—the matter is laid before me. |||||阿瑟尼·瓊斯|||||||||||||||||||| |Gregson||||Athelney|||||||||||||||||||| Когда Грегсон, или Лестрейд, или Этелни Джонс выходят из-под контроля — что, кстати, является их нормальным состоянием, — дело ложится передо мной. Коли Грегсон, Лестрейд чи Ателні Джонс не в собі - а це, до речі, їхній нормальний стан - справу передають мені. Khi Gregson hay Lestrade hay Athelney Jones mất bình tĩnh - mà thực ra, đó là trạng thái bình thường của họ - thì vấn đề sẽ được trình bày trước mặt tôi. 当格雷格森、雷斯垂德或阿瑟尔尼·琼斯陷入困境时——顺便说一下,这是他们的正常状态——问题就摆在我面前。 I examine the data, as an expert, and pronounce a specialist's opinion. I claim no credit in such cases. Я не претендую на кредит в таких случаях. Tôi không nhận công lao gì trong những trường hợp như vậy. My name figures in no newspaper. Моє ім'я не фігурує в жодній газеті. Tên tôi không xuất hiện trên bất kỳ tờ báo nào. 我的名字没有出现在报纸上。 The work itself, the pleasure of finding a field for my peculiar powers, is my highest reward. |||||||||||獨特的||||| Сама робота, задоволення від того, що я знаходжу застосування своїм здібностям, є для мене найвищою нагородою. But you have yourself had some experience of my methods of work in the Jefferson Hope case.” ||||||||||||||Jefferson|| Але ви самі мали певний досвід моїх методів роботи у справі Джефферсона Хоупа". 但你自己已经对我在杰斐逊·霍普案中的工作方法有了一些经验。”

“Yes, indeed,” said I, cordially. ||||熱情地 ||||herzlich ||||сердечно “I was never so struck by anything in my life. ||||вражений||||| I even embodied it in a small brochure with the somewhat fantastic title of ‘A Study in Scarlet. ||verewigte||||||||||||||| ||втілив||||||||||||||| Я навіть втілив її у невеличкій брошурі з дещо фантастичною назвою "Етюд у багряному кольорі". Tôi thậm chí còn đưa nó vào một tờ rơi nhỏ có tiêu đề khá thú vị là 'A Study in Scarlet'. '”

He shook his head sadly. |потрусив||| “I glanced over it,” said he. |поглянув|||| “我看了一眼,”他说。 “Honestly, I cannot congratulate you upon it. "Чесно кажучи, я не можу вас з цим привітати. “Thành thật mà nói, tôi không thể chúc mừng bạn về điều đó. Detection is, or ought to be, an exact science, and should be treated in the same cold and unemotional manner. Виявлення - це точна наука, або повинна бути точною наукою, і до неї слід ставитися так само холодно і беземоційно. Phát hiện là, hoặc phải là, một khoa học chính xác, và cần được xử lý theo cách lạnh lùng và vô cảm như vậy. You have attempted to tinge it with romanticism, which produces much the same effect as if you worked a love-story or an elopement into the fifth proposition of Euclid.” |||||||||||||||||||||||私奔|||||| |||||||Romantik||||||||||||||||||||Satz||Euklid ||спробували||відтінок|||||||||||||||||||втеча|||||| Bạn đã cố gắng thêm vào đó chủ nghĩa lãng mạn, điều này tạo ra hiệu ứng tương tự như khi bạn đưa một câu chuyện tình yêu hoặc một cuộc trốn chạy vào mệnh đề thứ năm của Euclid.”

“But the romance was there,” I remonstrated. ||||||widersprach ich ||||||заперечував "Але ж там була романтика", - заперечив я. “I could not tamper with the facts.” |||manipulieren||| |||підробляти||| "Я не міг підтасовувати факти".

“Some facts should be suppressed, or at least a just sense of proportion should be observed in treating them. "Некоторые факты следует замалчивать или, по крайней мере, соблюдать чувство меры при их рассмотрении. “有些事实应该被压制,或者至少在对待它们时应该保持公正的分寸感。 The only point in the case which deserved mention was the curious analytical reasoning from effects to causes by which I succeeded in unraveling it.” |||||||||||||||||||||||lösen| Єдиним моментом у цій справі, який заслуговує на увагу, було цікаве аналітичне міркування від наслідків до причин, за допомогою якого мені вдалося її розплутати". Điểm duy nhất trong vụ án này đáng được đề cập đến là lý luận phân tích kỳ lạ từ kết quả đến nguyên nhân mà nhờ đó tôi đã thành công trong việc giải mã nó.”

I was annoyed at this criticism of a work which had been specially designed to please him. Меня раздражала эта критика произведения, которое было специально создано для того, чтобы доставить ему удовольствие. Мене дратувала ця критика твору, який був спеціально створений, щоб догодити йому. Tôi thấy khó chịu vì lời chỉ trích này về một tác phẩm được thiết kế đặc biệt để làm hài lòng ông ta. 我对这种对一部专门为取悦他而设计的作品的批评感到恼火。 I confess, too, that I was irritated by the egotism which seemed to demand that every line of my pamphlet should be devoted to his own special doings. |||||||||Egoismus||||||||||Pamphlet||||||||Taten |зізнаюся||||||||егоїзм|||||||||||||присвячений||||| Зізнаюся, мене також дратував егоїзм, який, здавалося, вимагав, щоб кожен рядок мого памфлету був присвячений його власним особливим справам. Tôi cũng thú nhận rằng tôi thấy khó chịu vì tính ích kỷ của anh ta khi anh ta muốn mọi dòng trong tập sách của tôi phải dành riêng cho những việc làm đặc biệt của anh ta. 我也承认,我对自我主义感到恼火,这种自我主义似乎要求我的小册子中的每一行都应该致力于他自己的特殊行为。 More than once during the years that I had lived with him in Baker Street I had observed that a small vanity underlay my companion's quiet and didactic manner. ||||||||||||||||||||||潛藏於|||||教訓的| ||||||||||||||||||||||unterlag|||||didaktisch| |||||||||||||||||||||пихатість, самозадоволення|лежала|||||| За годы, прожитые с ним на Бейкер-стрит, я не раз замечал, что в спокойной и дидактичной манере моего собеседника скрывается небольшое тщеславие. Неодноразово за ті роки, що я жив з ним на Бейкер-стріт, я помічав, що за спокійною і дидактичною манерою мого співрозмовника ховається невелике марнославство. I made no remark, however, but sat nursing my wounded leg. ||||||сидів|підлікуючи||| Однак я нічого не зауважив, а сидів, доглядаючи за пораненою ногою. Tuy nhiên, tôi không nói gì thêm mà chỉ ngồi chăm sóc chân bị thương. 不过,我没有说什么,只是坐着护理我受伤的腿。 I had a Jezail bullet through it some time before, and, though it did not prevent me from walking, it ached wearily at every change of the weather. |||Jezail|||||||||||||||||schmerzte|müde|||||| ||||куля|||||||||||||||||втомлено|||||| Деякий час тому мені прострелили ногу кулею Джезайла, і хоча вона не заважала мені ходити, але виснажливо боліла при кожній зміні погоди.

“My practice has extended recently to the Continent,” said Holmes, after a while, filling up his old brier-root pipe. |||||||||||||||||Briar|| ||||||||||||||||старий|бriar|| mi||||||||||||||||||| "Нещодавно моя практика поширилася на континент", - сказав Холмс, через деякий час набиваючи свою стару люльку з кореня шипшини. “Gần đây, tôi đã mở rộng hoạt động sang Châu Âu,” Holmes nói sau một lúc, vừa nói vừa nhồi đầy chiếc tẩu thuốc rễ cây thạch nam cũ của mình. “我的实践最近扩展到了欧洲大陆,”福尔摩斯过了一会儿说道,一边给他的旧石南根烟斗加油。 “I was consulted last week by François Le Villard, who, as you probably know, has come rather to the front lately in the French detective service. ||||||François||Villard||||||||||||||||| "На прошлой неделе меня консультировал Франсуа Ле Виллар, который, как вы, вероятно, знаете, в последнее время стал довольно заметной фигурой во французской детективной службе. "Минулого тижня мене консультував Франсуа Ле Віллар, який, як ви, напевно, знаєте, останнім часом вийшов на перший план у французькій детективній службі. He has all the Celtic power of quick intuition, but he is deficient in the wide range of exact knowledge which is essential to the higher developments of his art. ||||||||||||mangelhaft||||||||||||||||| ||||кельтський||||||||недостатній||||||||||||||||| Він володіє всією кельтською силою швидкої інтуїції, але йому бракує широкого спектру точних знань, необхідних для вищого розвитку його мистецтва. The case was concerned with a will, and possessed some features of interest. Справа стосувалася заповіту і мала деякі цікаві особливості. Vụ án này liên quan đến di chúc và có một số tình tiết đáng chú ý. 该案涉及遗嘱,具有一些有趣的特征。 I was able to refer him to two parallel cases, the one at Riga in 1857, and the other at St. ||||參考||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||Riga|||||| Я зміг направити його на дві паралельні справи, одну в Ризі в 1857 році, а іншу в Св. Louis in 1871, which have suggested to him the true solution. Here is the letter which I had this morning acknowledging my assistance.” He tossed over, as he spoke, a crumpled sheet of foreign notepaper. |||||||||||||||||||||||信紙 |||||||||||||||||||||||Notizpapier |||||||||визнання||||кинув||||||скручений|аркуш паперу||| Вот письмо, которое я получил сегодня утром с благодарностью за помощь". Ось лист, який я отримав сьогодні вранці з подякою за допомогу". Він підкинув мені зім'ятий аркуш іноземного паперу. Đây là lá thư tôi nhận được sáng nay ghi nhận sự giúp đỡ của tôi.” Vừa nói, ông vừa ném cho tôi một tờ giấy ghi chú nước ngoài nhàu nát. I glanced my eyes down it, catching a profusion of notes of admiration, with stray “magnifiques,” “coup-de-maîtres,” and “tours-de-force,” all testifying to the ardent admiration of the Frenchman. |||||||||||||||精彩極了|||大師之作||||||||||||| ||||||||Fülle|||||||wundervoll|||Meister||||||zeugend|||leidenschaftlichen|||| ||||||||професійний надлишок||||визнання|||||||||||||||палка|||| Я скользил по ней взглядом, улавливая множество нот восхищения, с блуждающими "magnifiques", "coup-de-maîtres" и "tours-de-force", свидетельствующих о пылком восхищении француза. Я пробіглася очима по ньому, вловлюючи безліч нот захоплення, з випадковими "magnifiques", "coup-de-maîtres" і "tours-de-force", що свідчили про палке захоплення француза. Tôi liếc mắt xuống cuốn sách, bắt gặp vô số những nốt nhạc ngưỡng mộ, với những từ "magnifiques", "coup-de-maîtres" và "tours-de-force" rải rác, tất cả đều chứng tỏ sự ngưỡng mộ nồng nhiệt dành cho người Pháp.

“He speaks as a pupil to his master,” said I. ||||Schüler||||| ||як||||||| "Tanulóként beszél az urával" - mondta I. "Він розмовляє, як учень зі своїм учителем", - сказав я. “Anh ấy nói chuyện như một học trò với thầy của mình vậy,” tôi nói. “他以学生的身份对老师说话,”我说。

“Oh, he rates my assistance too highly,” said Sherlock Holmes, lightly. ||||||||||легко “Ồ, anh ta đánh giá sự hỗ trợ của tôi quá cao,” Sherlock Holmes nói nhẹ nhàng. “He has considerable gifts himself. |||таланти| „Magának is jelentős ajándékai vannak. "Він і сам має неабиякі обдарування. He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. |володіє|||||||необхідні для|||| Він володіє двома з трьох якостей, необхідних для ідеального детектива. Anh ta sở hữu hai trong ba phẩm chất cần thiết của một thám tử lý tưởng. 他具备理想侦探所需的三种品质中的两种。 He has the power of observation and that of deduction. |||||спостереження|||| Anh ta có khả năng quan sát và khả năng suy luận. He is only wanting in knowledge; and that may come in time. Йому не вистачає лише знань, а це може прийти з часом. Anh ta chỉ thiếu kiến thức thôi; và điều đó có thể đến vào thời điểm thích hợp. He is now translating my small works into French.” |||перекладає|||||

“Your works?”

“Oh, didn't you know?” he cried, laughing. |||||закричав| “Yes, I have been guilty of several monographs. |||||||Monografien ||||винний|||монографій “Đúng vậy, tôi đã phạm tội viết nhiều chuyên khảo. They are all upon technical subjects. ||||технічний|технічні теми Here, for example, is one ‘Upon the Distinction between the Ashes of the Various Tobaccoes.' ||||||||||||||Tabake |||||||відмінність|||Попіл|||різних|тютюни Itt van például egy „A különféle dohányok hamvai közötti különbségtételről”. Ось, наприклад, "Про розрізнення попелу різних видів тютюну". Ví dụ, đây là bài viết 'Về sự phân biệt tro của các loại thuốc lá khác nhau'. In it I enumerate a hundred and forty forms of cigar-, cigarette-, and pipe-tobacco, with coloured plates illustrating the difference in the ash. |||zähle auf|||||||||||||||illustrieren||||| |||перераховую|||||форми||сигара||||тютюн||кольоровий|пластинки|ілюструючи|||||попіл It is a point which is continually turning up in criminal trials, and which is sometimes of supreme importance as a clue. ||||||постійно|||||судові процеси||||||вищий|важливість|||підказка Це момент, який постійно з'являється в кримінальних процесах, і який іноді має величезне значення як ключ до розгадки. If you can say definitely, for example, that some murder has been done by a man who was smoking an Indian lunkah, it obviously narrows your field of search. |||||||||||||||||||||Lunkah||||||| ||||безумовно|||||вбивство||||||||||||індійська сигара|||звужує||поле|| Ví dụ, nếu bạn có thể khẳng định chắc chắn rằng một vụ giết người nào đó đã được thực hiện bởi một người đàn ông đang hút thuốc lunkah của Ấn Độ, thì rõ ràng phạm vi tìm kiếm của bạn sẽ được thu hẹp lại. To the trained eye there is as much difference between the black ash of a Trichinopoly and the white fluff of bird's-eye as there is between a cabbage and a potato.” |||||||||||||||特里奇诺菸|||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||Trichinopoly||||Flaum|||||||||Kohl||| ||навченого|||||||||||||Тричінополь||||пухнастість||пташиного|||||||капуста|||картопля Đối với những người có chuyên môn, sự khác biệt giữa tro đen của thuốc lá Trichinopoly và lớp lông trắng của thuốc lá mắt chim cũng giống như sự khác biệt giữa bắp cải và khoai tây.” 对于训练有素的人来说,旋毛虫的黑色灰烬和鸟眼的白色绒毛之间的区别就像卷心菜和土豆之间的区别一样大。”

“You have an extraordinary genius for minutiæ,” I remarked. ||||||Kleinigkeiten|| ||||геній||details||зауважив "У тебе надзвичайний талант до мініатюр", - зауважив я.

“I appreciate their importance. |ціную|| „Nagyra értékelem a fontosságukat. Here is my monograph upon the tracing of footsteps, with some remarks upon the uses of plaster of Paris as a preserver of impresses. |||Monographie||||||||||||||||||Konservierungsmittel|| |||монографія|||відстеження||сліди ніг||||||||гіпс||Париж|||зберігач||враження Ось моя монографія про відстеження слідів, з деякими зауваженнями про використання паризької штукатурки як засобу збереження відбитків. Sau đây là chuyên khảo của tôi về việc theo dõi dấu chân, cùng với một số nhận xét về việc sử dụng thạch cao Paris để bảo quản dấu chân. 这是我关于追踪足迹的专着,其中包括一些关于使用熟石膏作为印象保存剂的评论。 Here, too, is a curious little work upon the influence of a trade upon the form of the hand, with lithotypes of the hands of slaters, sailors, corkcutters, compositors, weavers, and diamond-polishers. ||||||||||||||||||||石版印刷品|||||石板工人||軟木切割工|排版工人|織工||| ||||||||||||||||||||Lithotypen|||||Schieferdecker||Korkschneider|Setzer|Webern|||polierern ||||цікавий||||||||||||||||літотипи|||||черепичників|моряки|пробкові різці|друкарі|ткаці||діамант|полірувальників Здесь же находится любопытная работа о влиянии профессии на форму руки с литотипами рук рабкоров, моряков, резчиков пробки, композиторов, ткачей и полировщиков алмазов. Тут також є цікава невелика робота про вплив професії на форму руки, з літотипами рук теслярів, моряків, штопальників, композиторів, ткачів і шліфувальників алмазів. Đây cũng là một tác phẩm nhỏ thú vị về ảnh hưởng của nghề nghiệp đến hình dạng bàn tay, với các bản in thạch bản về bàn tay của thợ lợp đá, thủy thủ, thợ cắt nút chai, thợ sắp chữ, thợ dệt và thợ đánh bóng kim cương. That is a matter of great practical interest to the scientific detective,—especially in cases of unclaimed bodies, or in discovering the antecedents of criminals. ||||||||||||||||unidentifizierten||||||Vorgeschichte|| ||||||практичний інтерес||||науковий||||||некласифіковані||||виявленні||попередники|| Це питання має великий практичний інтерес для наукового детектива, особливо у випадках незатребуваних тіл або у виявленні попередньої діяльності злочинців. Đó là vấn đề có ý nghĩa thực tiễn lớn đối với thám tử khoa học, đặc biệt là trong các trường hợp tử thi không có người nhận hoặc trong việc khám phá tiền án của tội phạm. 这对于科学侦探来说是一个具有重大实际意义的问题,特别是在无人认领尸体的案件中,或者在发现罪犯的前身时。 But I weary you with my hobby.” ||втомлюю|||| Nhưng tôi làm bạn mệt mỏi với sở thích của tôi.” 但我的爱好让你厌倦了。”

“Not at all,” I answered, earnestly. “It is of the greatest interest to me, especially since I have had the opportunity of observing your practical application of it. ||||||||||||||||спостерігати за|||застосування|| “Tôi rất quan tâm đến điều này, đặc biệt là khi tôi có cơ hội quan sát cách anh áp dụng nó vào thực tế. But you spoke just now of observation and deduction. Surely the one to some extent implies the other.” безумовно|||||ступінь|означає|| Bizonyos, hogy az egyik bizonyos mértékben magában foglalja a másikat. ” Безумовно, одне певною мірою передбачає інше". 当然,一个在某种程度上意味着另一个。”

“Why, hardly,” he answered, leaning back luxuriously in his arm-chair, and sending up thick blue wreaths from his pipe. ||||||舒適地||||||||||煙圈||| ||||||luxuriös||||||||||||| ||||нахиляючись||розкішно||||||||густий||вінки|||трубка "Ồ, hầu như không," ông trả lời, ngả lưng thoải mái trên chiếc ghế bành và phả ra những vòng hoa màu xanh dày từ chiếc tẩu thuốc. “For example, observation shows me that you have been to the Wigmore Street Post-Office this morning, but deduction lets me know that when there you dispatched a telegram.” |||||||||||Wigmore||||||||||||||||| ||спостереження|||||||||Вігмор|||||||||||||||відправив||телеграма "Наприклад, спостереження показує мені, що сьогодні вранці ви були у поштовому відділенні на Вігмор-стріт, але дедукція дає мені зрозуміти, що саме там ви відправили телеграму". “Ví dụ, quan sát cho tôi thấy sáng nay anh đã đến Bưu điện phố Wigmore, nhưng suy luận cho tôi biết rằng khi ở đó anh đã gửi một bức điện tín.” “例如,观察显示你今天早上去过威格莫尔街邮局,但推论让我知道你在那里发出了一封电报。”

“Right!” said I. “Right on both points! “Đúng ở cả hai điểm! But I confess that I don't see how you arrived at it. ||зізнаюся||||||||| Nhưng tôi thú nhận là tôi không hiểu bạn nghĩ ra điều đó bằng cách nào. It was a sudden impulse upon my part, and I have mentioned it to no one.” |||раптовий|імпульс||||||||||| Це був раптовий імпульс з мого боку, і я нікому про це не розповідав". Đó là một sự thôi thúc đột ngột của tôi và tôi chưa từng đề cập đến điều đó với bất kỳ ai.”

“It is simplicity itself,” he remarked, chuckling at my surprise,—“so absurdly simple that an explanation is superfluous; and yet it may serve to define the limits of observation and of deduction. ||||||kichernd||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||простота||||хихикаючи|||||абсурдно||||||надмірний|||||||||||||| “Đó chính là sự đơn giản,” ông nhận xét, cười khúc khích trước sự ngạc nhiên của tôi,—“quá đơn giản đến mức không cần giải thích nữa; nhưng nó có thể giúp xác định giới hạn của quan sát và suy luận. “这本身就是简单,”他说,看到我的惊讶,咯咯地笑起来,“简单得荒谬,以至于解释都是多余的;然而,它可以用来定义观察和演绎的界限。 Observation tells me that you have a little reddish mould adhering to your instep. |||||||||霉菌|附著|||足弓 ||||||||||haftend|||Fußrücken Спостереження підказує мені, що у вас є невелика червонувата пліснява, яка прилипла до підошви. Quan sát cho tôi biết rằng có một ít nấm mốc màu đỏ bám vào mu bàn chân của bạn. 观察发现,你的脚背上粘着一点微红的霉菌。 Just opposite the Seymour Street Office they have taken up the pavement and thrown up some earth which lies in such a way that it is difficult to avoid treading in it in entering. |||Seymour||||||||||||||||||||||||||einzutreten|||| Прямо навпроти офісу на Сеймур-стріт вони зайняли тротуар і насипали землю, яка лежить таким чином, що важко не наступити на неї при вході. The earth is of this peculiar reddish tint which is found, as far as I know, nowhere else in the neighbourhood. |||||||Färbung||||||||||||| So much is observation. The rest is deduction.” 剩下的就是扣除。”

“How, then, did you deduce the telegram?”

“Why, of course I knew that you had not written a letter, since I sat opposite to you all morning. I see also in your open desk there that you have a sheet of stamps and a thick bundle of post-cards. What could you go into the post-office for, then, but to send a wire? Для чого ж тоді йти на пошту, як не для того, щоб відправити телеграму? Eliminate all other factors, and the one which remains must be the truth.” Виключіть всі інші фактори, і те, що залишиться, має бути правдою". Loại bỏ mọi yếu tố khác, thì yếu tố còn lại phải là sự thật.”

“In this case it certainly is so,” I replied, after a little thought. “Trong trường hợp này thì chắc chắn là vậy,” tôi trả lời sau một hồi suy nghĩ. “The thing, however, is, as you say, of the simplest. Would you think me impertinent if I were to put your theories to a more severe test?” ||||unhöflich|||||||||||| Не сочтете ли вы меня дерзким, если я подвергну ваши теории более суровому испытанию?" Чи вважатимете ви мене зухвалим, якщо я піддам ваші теорії більш суворій перевірці?"

“On the contrary,” he answered, “it would prevent me from taking a second dose of cocaine. “Ngược lại,” anh ta trả lời, “nó sẽ ngăn tôi dùng liều cocaine thứ hai. I should be delighted to look into any problem which you might submit to me.” Tôi rất vui lòng được xem xét bất kỳ vấn đề nào mà bạn gửi cho tôi.”

“I have heard you say that it is difficult for a man to have any object in daily use without leaving the impress of his individuality upon it in such a way that a trained observer might read it. "Я чув, як ви говорили, що людині важко мати якийсь предмет у повсякденному вжитку, щоб не залишити на ньому відбиток своєї індивідуальності так, щоб його міг прочитати досвідчений спостерігач. “我听你说过,对于一个人来说,在日常使用的任何物品上,如果不留下他的个性印记,让训练有素的观察者可以阅读它,那是很困难的。 Now, I have here a watch which has recently come into my possession. У мене тут є годинник, який нещодавно потрапив до мене у власність. Would you have the kindness to let me have an opinion upon the character or habits of the late owner?” Bạn có thể vui lòng cho tôi biết ý kiến về tính cách hoặc thói quen của người chủ quá cố không? 能否请您让我对已故主人的性格或习惯发表一下意见?”

I handed him over the watch with some slight feeling of amusement in my heart, for the test was, as I thought, an impossible one, and I intended it as a lesson against the somewhat dogmatic tone which he occasionally assumed. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||dogmatischen||||| Я віддав йому годинник з легким почуттям потіхи в серці, бо випробування було, як мені здавалося, неможливим, і я задумав його як урок проти дещо догматичного тону, який він іноді приймав. 我把手表递给他,心中带着一丝好笑的感觉,因为正如我所想,这次测试是一项不可能完成的测试,我打算把它作为一个教训,反对他偶尔表现出的有点教条的语气。 He balanced the watch in his hand, gazed hard at the dial, opened the back, and examined the works, first with his naked eyes and then with a powerful convex lens. Він збалансував годинник у руці, пильно подивився на циферблат, відкрив задню кришку і розглянув роботи, спочатку неозброєним оком, а потім за допомогою потужної опуклої лінзи. 他平衡了手中的手表,凝视表盘,打开表背,先用肉眼,再用强大的凸透镜审视作品。 I could hardly keep from smiling at his crestfallen face when he finally snapped the case to and handed it back. ||||||||垂頭喪氣的|||||||||||| Я ледве втрималася від посмішки, дивлячись на його зморшкувате обличчя, коли він нарешті застібнув кейс і віддав його назад. 当他最终把箱子交还给我时,我忍不住对他垂头丧气的脸微笑。

“There are hardly any data,” he remarked. "Даних майже немає", - зауважив він. “几乎没有任何数据,”他评论道。 “The watch has been recently cleaned, which robs me of my most suggestive facts.” "Годинник нещодавно почистили, що позбавляє мене найбільш цікавих фактів".

“You are right,” I answered. “It was cleaned before being sent to me.” In my heart I accused my companion of putting forward a most lame and impotent excuse to cover his failure. ||||||||||||||||||||schwache||impotent||||| "Його почистили перед тим, як відправити мені". У глибині душі я звинуватив свого супутника в тому, що він висунув найбезглуздіше і найбезсиліше виправдання, щоб прикрити свою невдачу. “在寄给我之前已经清理过了。”我在心里指责我的同伴,用一个最蹩脚、最无力的借口来掩盖自己的失败。 What data could he expect from an uncleaned watch? |||||||ungeputzten| Яких даних він міг очікувати від неочищеного годинника?

“Though unsatisfactory, my research has not been entirely barren,” he observed, staring up at the ceiling with dreamy, lack-lustre eyes. |||||||||||||||||||黯淡无光| |unzufriedenstellend||||||||||||||||||glanzlos| "Хоча мої дослідження були незадовільними, вони не були повністю безплідними", - зауважив він, дивлячись у стелю мрійливими, позбавленими блиску очима. “Subject to your correction, I should judge that the watch belonged to your elder brother, who inherited it from your father.”

“That you gather, no doubt, from the H. W. upon the back?” "Що ви, без сумніву, збираєте, безсумнівно, від H.W. на спині?" “毫无疑问,你是从背面的 HW 那里收集到的?”

“Quite so. “这么。 The W. suggests your own name. The date of the watch is nearly fifty years back, and the initials are as old as the watch: so it was made for the last generation. Дата на годиннику майже п'ятдесятирічної давнини, а ініціали такі ж старі, як і сам годинник: отже, він був зроблений для останнього покоління. Jewelry usually descends to the eldest son, and he is most likely to have the same name as the father. |||||ältesten|||||||||||||| Your father has, if I remember right, been dead many years. It has, therefore, been in the hands of your eldest brother.”

“Right, so far,” said I. “Anything else?”

“He was a man of untidy habits,—very untidy and careless. "Він був людиною неохайних звичок - дуже неохайною і недбалою. He was left with good prospects, but he threw away his chances, lived for some time in poverty with occasional short intervals of prosperity, and finally, taking to drink, he died. 他原本拥有美好的前景,但他却放弃了自己的机会,生活了一段时间的贫困,偶尔也有短暂的繁荣,最后,他酗酒而死。 That is all I can gather.”

I sprang from my chair and limped impatiently about the room with considerable bitterness in my heart. ||||||humpelte||||||||||

“This is unworthy of you, Holmes,” I said. ||unwürdig||||| “福尔摩斯,这对你来说是不值得的。”我说。 “I could not have believed that you would have descended to this. "Я не міг повірити, що ти опустився до такого. “我简直不敢相信你会沦落到这个地步。 You have made inquires into the history of my unhappy brother, and you now pretend to deduce this knowledge in some fanciful way. |||Anfragen||||||||||||||||||| You cannot expect me to believe that you have read all this from his old watch! It is unkind, and, to speak plainly, has a touch of charlatanism in it.” |||||||||||江湖騙術||

“My dear doctor,” said he, kindly, “pray accept my apologies. “我亲爱的医生,”他和蔼地说,“请接受我的歉意。 Viewing the matter as an abstract problem, I had forgotten how personal and painful a thing it might be to you. Розглядаючи це питання як абстрактну проблему, я забув, наскільки особистим і болючим воно може бути для вас. 我把这件事视为一个抽象的问题,忘记了这对你来说可能是一件多么私人和痛苦的事情。 I assure you, however, that I never even knew that you had a brother until you handed me the watch.”

“Then how in the name of all that is wonderful did you get these facts? "Тоді звідки, в ім'я всього прекрасного, ви отримали ці факти? “那么,以一切美好的名义,你是怎么得到这些事实的呢? They are absolutely correct in every particular.” Вони абсолютно правильні в кожному конкретному випадку".

“Ah, that is good luck. “啊,那真是运气好啊。 I could only say what was the balance of probability. Я міг лише сказати, яким був баланс ймовірностей. 我只能说什么是概率平衡。 I did not at all expect to be so accurate.” Я зовсім не очікував, що буду настільки точним". 我根本没想到会这么准确。”

“But it was not mere guess-work?” "Але це були не просто здогадки?"

“No, no: I never guess. It is a shocking habit,—destructive to the logical faculty. Це шокуюча звичка, яка руйнує логічне мислення. 这是一种令人震惊的习惯,对逻辑能力具有破坏性。 What seems strange to you is only so because you do not follow my train of thought or observe the small facts upon which large inferences may depend. For example, I began by stating that your brother was careless. |||||sagen||||| 例如,我一开始就说你哥哥很粗心。 When you observe the lower part of that watch-case you notice that it is not only dinted in two places, but it is cut and marked all over from the habit of keeping other hard objects, such as coins or keys, in the same pocket. |||||||||||||||||eingedellt|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Коли ви подивитеся на нижню частину корпусу годинника, то помітите, що він не лише вм'ятий у двох місцях, але й порізаний і позначений по всій поверхні через звичку тримати інші тверді предмети, такі як монети або ключі, в тій самій кишені. 当您观察表壳的下部时,您会发现它不仅有两个地方凹陷,而且由于习惯将其他硬物(例如硬币或钥匙)放在同一个口袋中,所以到处都有切割和标记。 Surely it is no great feat to assume that a man who treats a fifty-guinea watch so cavalierly must be a careless man. |||||||||||||||五十幾尼|||漫不經心地||||| |||||||||||||||Pfund|||lässig||||| 当然,如果认为一个如此漫不经心地对待五十几尼手表的人一定是一个粗心的人,这并不是什么伟大的壮举。 Neither is it a very far-fetched inference that a man who inherits one article of such value is pretty well provided for in other respects.” ||||||weit hergeholt||||||erbt||||||||||||| Також не є дуже надуманим висновок, що людина, яка успадковує одну річ такої цінності, досить добре забезпечена в інших відношеннях". 一个人继承了一件如此有价值的物品,在其他方面也得到了很好的保障,这也不是一个非常牵强的推论。”

I nodded, to show that I followed his reasoning. 我点点头,表示我同意他的推理。

“It is very customary for pawnbrokers in England, when they take a watch, to scratch the number of the ticket with a pin-point upon the inside of the case. |||||Pfandleiher|||||||||||||||||||||||| "В Англии принято, чтобы ломбардщики, принимая часы, выцарапывали номер билета булавкой на внутренней стороне корпуса. "У ломбардах Англії дуже прийнято, коли ломбарди беруть годинник, видряпувати номер квитанції шпилькою на внутрішній стороні корпусу. “英国当铺的习惯是,当他们拿手表时,会用针尖在表壳内侧刮出票号。 It is more handy than a label, as there is no risk of the number being lost or transposed. ||||||||||||||||||調換 ||||||||||||||||||vertauscht Це зручніше, ніж етикетка, оскільки немає ризику загубити або переставити номер. There are no less than four such numbers visible to my lens on the inside of this case. Inference,—that your brother was often at low water. 推论——你的兄弟经常陷入低潮。 Secondary inference,—that he had occasional bursts of prosperity, or he could not have redeemed the pledge. ||||||||||||||einlösen||Versprechen Finally, I ask you to look at the inner plate, which contains the key-hole. Наостанок, я прошу вас поглянути на внутрішню пластину, яка містить отвір для ключа. 最后,我请您看一下内板,其中包含钥匙孔。 Look at the thousands of scratches all round the hole,—marks where the key has slipped. 看看这个洞周围有成千上万的划痕——钥匙滑落的痕迹。 What sober man's key could have scored those grooves? ||||||||Rillen Каким ключом трезвый человек мог пробить эти канавки? But you will never see a drunkard's watch without them. ||||||Trinkeruhr||| Але без них ви ніколи не побачите годинника п'яниці. 但如果没有它们,你永远不会看到醉汉的手表。 He winds it at night, and he leaves these traces of his unsteady hand. Він намотує його вночі, і залишає ці сліди своєї нетвердої руки. 他在晚上给它上发条,并留下了他不稳定的手的痕迹。 Where is the mystery in all this?” 这一切的奥秘在哪里?”

“It is as clear as daylight,” I answered. “就像白昼一样清晰。”我回答道。 “I regret the injustice which I did you. "Я шкодую про несправедливість, яку я вам вчинив. “我对我对你的不公正行为感到遗憾。 I should have had more faith in your marvellous faculty. May I ask whether you have any professional inquiry on foot at present?” Могу ли я спросить, нет ли у вас сейчас какого-нибудь профессионального дела?" Чи можу я запитати, чи є у вас зараз якесь професійне розслідування, яке ви проводите пішки?" 请问目前有专业徒步询问吗?

“None. Hence the cocaine. I cannot live without brain-work. What else is there to live for? Для чого ще варто жити? 人活着还有什么意义呢? Stand at the window here. 站在窗边这里。 Was ever such a dreary, dismal, unprofitable world? ||||||unprofitabel| Был ли когда-нибудь такой тоскливый, унылый, невыгодный мир? Чи був коли-небудь світ таким сумним, похмурим, збитковим? See how the yellow fog swirls down the street and drifts across the dun-coloured houses. |||||wirbelt||||||||braun|| 看看黄色的雾气如何沿着街道盘旋,飘过暗褐色的房屋。 What could be more hopelessly prosaic and material? What is the use of having powers, doctor, when one has no field upon which to exert them? Что толку в силе, доктор, если у человека нет поля, на котором он мог бы ее применить? 医生,当一个人没有施展权力的领域时,拥有权力有什么用呢? Crime is commonplace, existence is commonplace, and no qualities save those which are commonplace have any function upon earth.” Преступление - обыденность, существование - обыденность, и никакие качества, кроме тех, что обыденны, не имеют никакого значения на земле". Злочин - це буденність, існування - це буденність, і жодні якості, окрім тих, що є буденними, не мають жодної функції на землі". 犯罪是司空见惯的,存在也是司空见惯的,除了那些司空见惯的品质之外,没有任何品质在地球上有任何作用。”

I had opened my mouth to reply to this tirade, when with a crisp knock our landlady entered, bearing a card upon the brass salver. |||||||||||||清脆的|||||拿著|||||黃銅托盤|托盤 |||||||||Tirade|||||||||||||||Tablett 我正要开口回答这长篇大论,突然一阵清脆的敲门声,我们的女房东走了进来,黄铜托盘上放着一张卡片。

“A young lady for you, sir,” she said, addressing my companion. ||||||||對著||

“Miss Mary Morstan,” he read. ||Morstan|| “Hum! I have no recollection of the name. Ask the young lady to step up, Mrs. Hudson. 请那位年轻女士站出来,哈德森夫人。 Don't go, doctor. 别走,医生。 I should prefer that you remain.” 我宁愿你留下来。”