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The Grammar Show, 20- Second Conditional

20- Second Conditional

Hello, and welcome to today's Grammar Gameshow!

I'm your host, Will!

And if we cannot do what we will,

we must will what we can.

And of course, let's not forget Leslie,

our all-knowing in the sky.

Hello, everyone!

Tonight we're going to ask you three questions about…

The second conditional!

That present-to-future construction with ‘if'

that's all about the unreal!

OK! Now, let's meet our contestants!

Hello, all. My name's Liz.

And contestant number two?

Hello, everyone. My name's Rory.

Nice to see you again Liz!

How are you?

I'm well, thank you.

Fighting fit and ready for action.

Wonderful!

I hope you do really well.

That sounded… nice!

No cruel jokes? No false pleasantries?

No, no. It's all about self-control!

I'm trying out a new nicer me.

Welcome Rory!

Tell me something about yourself.

I collect pencils.

What a fascinating hobby!

Well, I hope you do really well, both of you.

OK. Let's get going and don't forget

you can play along at home too.

It's a double-question round

so fingers on those buzzers!

First question!

What is the formula

for a basic second conditional structure?

Is it ‘if' plus a present tense and ‘will' plus an infinitive?

So sorry, Rory. That is the first conditional.

But, please, dear friend, have another go for free.

OK.

Is it ‘if' plus a present tense and ‘will' plus an infinitive?

No!

That was the same answer again.

You know, the old me would have killed you for that.

Literally, plucked your eyes out of your skull.

But Liz, why don't you give it a try?

Isn't it

‘If' plus a past tense plus ‘would' plus an infinitive verb?

Can you give me an example?

I am eating a toffee.

No, that's the present continuous.

I know, just pushing your buttons.

Oh!

Great!

So funny!

Wow, you are doing well.

The real answer is: if I had more time, I'd have a holiday.

Leslie?

Correct!

Well done! And onto our second question.

What is the second conditional used for?

We use a second conditional after a first conditional.

First then second, see?

Yes, I can see what you've done there.

It's logical, but not right, I'm afraid. Liz?

It's used for a hypothetical present or future situation

and its consequence.

Leslie?

Correct!

The second conditional structure is used for an unreal

or extremely unlikely,

present or future situation and its consequence.

Its formula is

‘If' plus the past simple or continuous,

and ‘would' plus an infinitive verb!

For example: if I were a girl,

I'd be called…

Leslita!

Oh, what a lovely name!

Well done Liz, six points to you.

And Rory,

you are very good at pushing that buzzer, aren't you?

Yes.

One point to you.

On to our second round.

Look at these two sentences.

One is in the first conditional

and one is in the second conditional.

I want to know what the difference in meaning is.

If I leave now, I will get home early.

If I left now, I would get home early.

My name's Rory!

Well, that's wonderful to know, good friend.

Liz?

Isn't it something to do with the speaker's

perception of a situation?

With the first conditional,

the speaker believes that something is possible

and might actually happen.

With the second conditional,

the speaker says something is unlikely or unreal.

Wow. What an informative answer.

Let's see if it's correct.

Leslie, old friend?

It is correct!

Many ideas can be expressed in either the

first or second conditional.

They both talk about a present or future time, after all.

The difference is that when using a first conditional,

the speaker believes that an event is possible or real.

But if they use the second conditional,

they are saying it's unlikely or impossible!

Six points to you Liz!

I'm impressed.

This is like a whole new you! I like this Will!

Thanks! You know, me too!

I'm sleeping better, I've got more energy,

I don't spend hours

checking myself out in front of the mirror.

Let's move on to our final round.

Which of these sentences is incorrect?

If I were rich, I'd buy a yacht.

If you were rich, you'd buy a yacht.

If he were rich, he'd buy a yacht.

If they were rich, they'd buy a yacht.

Rory, is this a proper answer?

Yes.

Are you sure?

Yes!

Well then go on, old friend!

Give it a go!

I choose

present perfect.

Liz?

I think c) is wrong.

It should be if he was…

Leslie?

Sorry Liz…

none of them are incorrect.

In the second conditional,

people commonly put the verb ‘be' into the form ‘were'

for any pronoun…

including ‘I', ‘he', ‘she' and ‘it'.

It is frequent to hear both styles,

although many consider the ‘were' form to be

more formal.

I am so silly. I knew that and forgot it.

And you were doing really well.

Have twenty points anyway.

And to you too, Rory!

Well, that brings us to the end of today's

Grammar Gameshow.

Let's count out the points…

and the winner is…

both of you!

You're both winners in my book!

Hang on!

He didn't even answer one question right!

Why does he win too?

Well, I can't drop him down the pit.

It wouldn't be good for the new calm me!

I'm much nicer now.

But don't you miss it?

The thrill of the drop…

The drop?

Drop.

When was the last time you…

The drop!

Well, it has been a while…

You must be really strong to just

drop the drop.

Drop the drop! Drop the drop! Drop the drop!

Drop the drop! Drop the drop!

Aw heck!

And bring him back up!

And drop him back down!

Release the clowns!

It looks like we'll need another contestant.

Ah… so much better.

I'm back!

And my prize?

I'm fine!

We'll see you again next week,

where you can play for another prize.

Thanks for joining us.

Say goodbye, Leslie.

Alavida, Leslie.

See you next time.

20- Second Conditional 20- Zweites Konditional 20- Segundo condicional 20- Deuxième condition 20- Secondo condizionale 20- セカンド・コンディション 20초 조건부 20- Segunda condicional 20- Второй условный 20- İkinci Koşullu 20-секундний умовний спосіб 20-第二个条件 20-第二個條件

Hello, and welcome to today's Grammar Gameshow! ||||||語法遊戲秀 Merhaba ve bugünün Dilbilgisi Oyun Gösterisine hoş geldiniz!

I'm your host, Will! Je suis votre hôte, Will !

And if we cannot do what we will, Y si no podemos hacer lo que haremos, Et si nous ne pouvons pas, faisons ce que nous voulons, Ve istediğimizi yapamıyorsak,

we must will what we can. musíme chtít, co můžeme. debemos hacer lo que podamos. nous devons faire ce que nous pouvons. elimizden geleni yapmalıyız.

And of course, let's not forget Leslie, Et bien sûr, n'oublions pas Leslie, Ve tabii ki Leslie'yi de unutmayalım.

our all-knowing in the sky. notre omniscience dans le ciel. gökyüzündeki her şeyi bilenimiz.

Hello, everyone! Herkese merhaba!

Tonight we're going to ask you three questions about… Esta noche vamos a hacerle tres preguntas sobre... Bu gece size üç soru soracağız…

The second conditional! A segunda condicional! İkinci koşul!

That present-to-future construction with ‘if' 'İf' ile şimdiki zamandan geleceğe yapılanma

that's all about the unreal! é tudo sobre o irreal! gerçek dışı olan bu kadar!

OK! Now, let's meet our contestants! Maintenant, rencontrons nos concurrents ! TAMAM! Şimdi yarışmacılarımızı tanıyalım!

Hello, all. My name's Liz. Hepinize merhaba. Benim adım Liz.

And contestant number two? Et le candidat numéro deux ?

Hello, everyone. My name's Rory. ||||Rory ||||안녕하세요, 여러분. 제 이름은 로리입니다.

Nice to see you again Liz!

How are you?

I'm well, thank you. Ben iyiyim teşekkür ederim. 我很好，謝謝。

Fighting fit and ready for action. En forma y listos para la acción. En pleine forme et prêts à l'action. Zinde ve harekete hazır dövüş. 身體健康並準備好戰鬥。

Wonderful! Müthiş!

I hope you do really well. Espero que te vaya muy bien. Umarım gerçekten iyi yaparsın.

That sounded… nice! Kulağa hoş geliyordu!

No cruel jokes? No false pleasantries? |||||faux-semblants |||||insincere remarks |잔인한||||가식적인 인사 |||||falsi complimenti Acımasız şakalar yok mu? Sahte hoş sözler yok mu? 沒有殘酷的笑話嗎？沒有虛假的寒暄？

No, no. It's all about self-control! Não, não. É tudo uma questão de auto-controlo! Hayır hayır. Her şey kendini kontrol etmekle ilgili!

I'm trying out a new nicer me. Estoy probando un nuevo yo más amable. J'essaie un nouveau moi plus sympathique. Yeni ve daha hoş bir ben deniyorum.

Welcome Rory! Hoş geldin Rory!

Tell me something about yourself. Bana kendin hakkında birşeyler söyle.

I collect pencils. Je collectionne les crayons. Kalem topluyorum.

What a fascinating hobby! Ne büyüleyici bir hobi!

Well, I hope you do really well, both of you. J'espère que vous vous en sortirez très bien, tous les deux. Umarım ikiniz de gerçekten iyisinizdir.

OK. Let's get going and don't forget OK, allons-y et n'oubliez pas

you can play along at home too. ||mitspielen||||

It's a double-question round

so fingers on those buzzers!

First question!

What is the formula

for a basic second conditional structure? Temel bir ikinci koşullu yapı için?

Is it ‘if' plus a present tense and ‘will' plus an infinitive? 'Eğer' artı bir şimdiki zaman ve 'olacak' artı bir mastar mı?

So sorry, Rory. That is the first conditional.

But, please, dear friend, have another go for free. Ama lütfen sevgili dostum, ücretsiz bir deneme daha yap.

OK.

Is it ‘if' plus a present tense and ‘will' plus an infinitive? 'Eğer' artı bir şimdiki zaman ve 'olacak' artı bir mastar mı?

No!

That was the same answer again. Yine aynı cevap.

You know, the old me would have killed you for that. Sabes, mi antiguo yo te habría matado por eso. Tu sais, l'ancien moi t'aurait tué pour ça. Biliyor musun, eski ben bunun için seni öldürürdü.

Literally, plucked your eyes out of your skull. |挖出|||||| |||||||crâne |||||||Schädel |strappate||||||cranio Doslova ti vytrhl oči z lebky. Literalmente, te arrancó los ojos del cráneo. Kelimenin tam anlamıyla, gözlerini kafatasından çıkardı. Буквально вирвав очі з черепа. 從字面上看，就是把你的眼睛從你的頭骨裡拔出來。

But Liz, why don't you give it a try? Aber|||||||| Mais Liz, pourquoi ne pas essayer ?

Isn't it

‘If' plus a past tense plus ‘would' plus an infinitive verb? "Si" plus un passé plus "serait" plus un verbe à l'infinitif ?

Can you give me an example? Pouvez-vous me donner un exemple ?

I am eating a toffee. ||||太妃糖 ||||caramel ||||eine Toffee ||||caramella mou Şekerleme yiyorum. Я їм іриску.

No, that's the present continuous. ||||Verlaufsform

I know, just pushing your buttons. Biliyorum, sadece damarına basıyorum. Я знаю, просто натискаю твої кнопки. 我知道，只需按下按鈕即可。

Oh!

Great!

So funny! C'est très drôle !

Wow, you are doing well.

The real answer is: if I had more time, I'd have a holiday. La verdadera respuesta es: si tuviera más tiempo, me tomaría unas vacaciones. Gerçek cevap şu: Eğer daha fazla zamanım olsaydı, tatil yapardım.

Leslie?

Correct!

Well done! And onto our second question.

What is the second conditional used for? İkinci koşul ne için kullanılır?

We use a second conditional after a first conditional.

First then second, see?

Yes, I can see what you've done there. Oui, je vois ce que vous avez fait. Evet, orada ne yaptığınızı görebiliyorum.

It's logical, but not right, I'm afraid. Liz? Mantıklı ama doğru değil, korkarım. Liz mi? 這是合乎邏輯的，但恐怕不正確。麗茲？

It's used for a hypothetical present or future situation Varsayımsal bir şimdiki veya gelecekteki durum için kullanılır 它用於假設的當前或未來情況

and its consequence. ||后果 ve sonuçları. 及其後果。

Leslie?

Correct!

The second conditional structure is used for an unreal

or extremely unlikely,

present or future situation and its consequence.

Its formula is

‘If' plus the past simple or continuous,

and ‘would' plus an infinitive verb! ve 'would' artı bir mastar fiil!

For example: if I were a girl, Örneğin: eğer ben bir kız olsaydım,

I'd be called… Beni ararlardı.

Leslita! Leslita ! 레슬리타! Leslita

Oh, what a lovely name!

Well done Liz, six points to you.

And Rory,

you are very good at pushing that buzzer, aren't you? |||||||按钮|| |||||||buzzer|| |||||||버튼|| |||||||pulsante|| O zile basmakta çok iyisin, değil mi?

Yes.

One point to you.

On to our second round.

Look at these two sentences.

One is in the first conditional Bir tanesi ilk koşullu

and one is in the second conditional.

I want to know what the difference in meaning is. Je veux savoir quelle est la différence de sens.

If I leave now, I will get home early. Si me voy ahora, llegaré pronto a casa. Şimdi gidersem eve erken dönerim.

If I left now, I would get home early. Si me fuera ahora, llegaría pronto a casa.

My name's Rory!

Well, that's wonderful to know, good friend. Bunu bilmek harika, iyi dostum.

Liz?

Isn't it something to do with the speaker's |||||||화자의 것 Ne s'agit-il pas d'un problème lié à l'âge de l'orateur ? Bu konuşmacının

perception of a situation? Wahrnehmung||| bir durumun algılanması? 對某種情況的看法？

With the first conditional,

the speaker believes that something is possible

and might actually happen. et pourrait réellement se produire. ve gerçekten gerçekleşebilir.

With the second conditional,

the speaker says something is unlikely or unreal.

Wow. What an informative answer. |||informatif| |||유익한|

Let's see if it's correct.

Leslie, old friend?

It is correct!

Many ideas can be expressed in either the De nombreuses idées peuvent être exprimées soit en

first or second conditional.

They both talk about a present or future time, after all.

The difference is that when using a first conditional,

the speaker believes that an event is possible or real.

But if they use the second conditional,

they are saying it's unlikely or impossible!

Six points to you Liz!

I'm impressed. Jsem ohromen. Etkilendim.

This is like a whole new you! I like this Will! ||||entière|||||| Tohle je jako úplně nové já! To se mi líbí, Wille! C'est un tout nouveau toi, j'aime bien ce Will ! Bu tamamen yeni bir sen gibi! Bunu sevdim Will!

Thanks! You know, me too! Díky! Víš, já taky!

I'm sleeping better, I've got more energy,

I don't spend hours

checking myself out in front of the mirror. aynanın karşısında kendimi kontrol ediyordum.

Let's move on to our final round.

Which of these sentences is incorrect?

If I were rich, I'd buy a yacht. |||||||游艇 Zengin olsaydım, bir yat alırdım. 如果我有錢，我會買一艘遊艇。

If you were rich, you'd buy a yacht.

If he were rich, he'd buy a yacht. Si fuera rico, se compraría un yate.

If they were rich, they'd buy a yacht. Si fueran ricos, se comprarían un yate.

Rory, is this a proper answer? Rory, bu uygun bir cevap mı?

Yes.

Are you sure?

Yes!

Well then go on, old friend!

Give it a go!

I choose

present perfect.

Liz?

I think c) is wrong.

It should be if he was…

Leslie?

Sorry Liz…

none of them are incorrect.

In the second conditional,

people commonly put the verb ‘be' into the form ‘were' |comunemente||||||||

for any pronoun…

including ‘I', ‘he', ‘she' and ‘it'.

It is frequent to hear both styles, ||常见|||| 這兩種風格都常聽到，

although many consider the ‘were' form to be

more formal.

I am so silly. I knew that and forgot it. |||dumm|||||| Soy tan tonta. Lo sabía y lo olvidé.

And you were doing really well.

Have twenty points anyway.

And to you too, Rory! Ve sana da, Rory!

Well, that brings us to the end of today's Voilà qui nous amène à la fin de l'émission d'aujourd'hui. Bu da bizi bugünün sonuna getiriyor.

Grammar Gameshow.

Let's count out the points…

and the winner is…

both of you!

You're both winners in my book! İkiniz de benim kitabımda kazananlarsınız!

Hang on! Attendez ! Dayan!

He didn't even answer one question right! Neodpověděl správně ani na jednu otázku!

Why does he win too?

Well, I can't drop him down the pit. |||||||Grube Nemůžu ho pustit do jámy. Je ne peux pas le laisser tomber dans la fosse. Onu çukurdan aşağı atamam.

It wouldn't be good for the new calm me! Ce ne serait pas bon pour le nouveau calme qui m'habite ! 這對新來的平靜的我來說可不是什麼好事！

I'm much nicer now. Je suis beaucoup plus gentille maintenant.

But don't you miss it? Ale nechybí vám? Mais cela ne vous manque-t-il pas ?

The thrill of the drop… Vzrušení z pádu... Düşüşün heyecanı... 墜落的快感…

The drop? Pokles?

Drop.

When was the last time you… En son ne zaman... 你上一次……是什麼時候？

The drop! La chute !

Well, it has been a while… No, už je to nějaký čas... Bueno, ha pasado un tiempo... Eh bien, cela fait un moment... Uzun zaman oldu.

You must be really strong to just Musíte být opravdu silná, abyste jen Vous devez être très fort pour vous contenter de

drop the drop. upustit kapku. laisser tomber la goutte d'eau.

Drop the drop! Drop the drop! Drop the drop! Lâchez la goutte ! Lâchez la goutte ! Lâchez la goutte !

Drop the drop! Drop the drop! Lâchez la goutte ! Lâchez la goutte ! 滴滴滴！滴滴滴！

Aw heck! Oh zut !|Oh mince ! Ach|verdammt A sakra! Aw heck ! Kahretsin! 哎呀！

And bring him back up! Et faites-le remonter ! Ve onu geri getirin!

And drop him back down! Ve onu tekrar aşağı indir!

Release the clowns! ||clowns Relâchez les clowns ! Palyaçoları serbest bırakın!

It looks like we'll need another contestant. Il semble que nous ayons besoin d'un autre candidat.

Ah… so much better.

I'm back!

And my prize?

I'm fine!

We'll see you again next week,

where you can play for another prize.

Thanks for joining us.

Say goodbye, Leslie.

Alavida, Leslie. Alavida| Alavida(1) Leslie| 알라비다, 레슬리.| アラビダ、レスリー

See you next time. それではまた次回。