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Spotlight_podcasts_2, Spain’s Stolen Children

Spain's Stolen Children

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Ryan Geertsma. Voice 2

And I'm Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no matter where in the world they live.

Voice 1

In 1981, María Luisa Torres was pregnant. She was a single mother from central Spain. She had separated from her husband. And she was already raising a young daughter alone. Torres did not want to give her baby to another family permanently. But she needed help. She looked for someone to care for her baby until she was able to support it. Torres found Sister María Gómez Valbuena. She believed this religious worker would help her.

Voice 2

On March 31st, 1982 Torres gave birth to a baby girl. After, Torres asked Valbuena if she could see her baby. Valbuena did not bring Torres her baby. In fact, Torres would not see her baby again for nearly 30 years. Torres believes Valbuena stole her baby and sold it to another family.

Voice 1

This may seem like an extreme story. However, thousands of Spanish families claim to have similar experiences. Today's Spotlight is on Spain's "ninos robados" or “stolen children.” Voice 2

The story of Spain's “stolen children” is about an illegal practice that lasted almost 60 years. Recently, more than 1000 people have made official legal claims against medical and religious workers in Spain. These individuals believe that hospital workers illegally stole their newborn family members. Many of the families believe hospital workers lied to them. The workers told them their babies had died. For years, the families mourned their lost sons and daughters, brothers and sisters. But now, many families believe that their babies did not die. Like María Luisa Torres, they believe hospital workers took their babies and sold them to other families.

Voice 1

Many people believe the story of Spain's “stolen children” is even bigger than the official claims. Some experts believe hospital workers around Spain stole and sold hundreds of thousands of babies between the 1930s and 1990s.

Voice 2

The Spanish public first began to learn about the story of Spain's “stolen children” in 2008. At this time, Spanish legal officials began researching cases of stolen babies connected with the Spanish civil war. In the late 1930s, Spain suffered through a civil war. After, Francisco Franco became the country's new leader. The country was divided. Franco wanted to strengthen his power. A social scientist in Franco's government proposed an idea. Instead of killing his opponents, Franco could take the newborn babies of people who opposed him. Then, he could give the children to families that agreed with his political views.

Voice 1

Franco's secret police worked with hospital workers to identify and remove children from women who opposed the government. Often, these mothers were already in prison for opposing the government. Experts believe that Franco's government stole as many as 30,000 children in the late 1930s. Voice 2

Franscisco Gonzalez de Tena is a sociologist. He has studied the history of Spain's “stolen children.” He explains that this terrible practice lasted long after the war. Over the years, it became less about politics. Instead, he says that many people saw it as an issue of money. Many people in Spain wanted to adopt - they wanted to welcome a child into their family and raise him or her as their own. However, the legal adoption process was difficult. And it took a very long time. De Tena told the Spanish newspaper, El Pais:

Voice 3

“There was a great demand for children to adopt. And there were a lot of people prepared to find a way to meet that demand.”

Voice 1

Around the country, there were already groups of people that had worked with Franco's government to remove babies from particular families. Now, these same networks of people could take and sell babies for profit.

Voice 2

Enrique Vila is a lawyer. He represents many families that made legal claims against hospital and religious workers. He told the Spain Review newspaper:

Voice 4

“There were separate groups all around Spain. But they had to know each other. When a woman found parents who wanted to adopt a baby, she knew what hospitals to call to get that child.”

Voice 1

It seems impossible that these networks could have stolen so many babies, for so long. However, many of the families report similar stories. Often, the mothers were poor or did not have husbands. When the mother gave birth, hospital workers would take the baby away before she could see it. Then, they would tell her that the child had died. The hospital would bury the child for the family - and no one would ever see the baby's body. Often, the family would not question the medical or religious worker's authority. They would believe them. And the family would go home without their child.

Voice 2

This is similar to the story of María Luisa Torres – the woman from the beginning of this program. Torres says that Sister María Gómez Valbuena told her that her baby had died. However, Torres did not believe Valbuena. So, Torres asked Valbuena about her baby again. This time, Valbuena admitted to Torres that she had given her baby to another family. Torres was angry. She wanted to report Valbuena to the authorities. But she was afraid. Torres told the Global Post news organization that Valbuena threatened her. Torres explained that Valbuena said,

Voice 5

"I will report you to the authorities. I will tell them you had sex with a man that was not your husband. You will go to jail. Then I will also take away your 2-year-old daughter.”

Voice 1

Officials have not yet proven any legal charges against Sister Valbuena. However genetic tests have proven that Torres' daughter is alive. Torres and her daughter María Pilar have now met. They are happy to be starting a relationship. However, thousands of other Spanish families are still waiting to learn more about their lost children.

Voice 2

María Luisa Puro Rodríguez is one of the many mothers who now believes hospital workers may have stolen her baby. In 1976, she did not question the doctor's authority. But today, things are different. She told the New York Times newspaper:

Voice 6

“We now happily live in a society where it is normal to question what we hear. I have learned a difficult lesson. I am now ready to fight all the way - to find out what actually happened.”

Voice 1

The writer of this program was Dianna Anderson. The producer was Michio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet atwww.radioenglish.net. This program is called “Spain's Stolen Children.” Voice 2

You can also find us onFacebook. Just search for spotlightradio. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye!

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Spain’s Stolen Children Spaniens gestohlene Kinder Los niños robados de España I bambini rubati della Spagna As crianças roubadas de Espanha Украденные дети Испании İspanya'nın Çalınan Çocukları 西班牙的被盗儿童

Voice 1

Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Ryan Geertsma. Voice 2

And I'm Liz Waid. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no matter where in the world they live. 世界のどこに住んでいても、人々は理解しやすいです。

Voice 1

In 1981, María Luisa Torres was pregnant. 1981年、マリア・ルイサ・トーレスは妊娠しました。 She was a single mother from central Spain. 彼女はスペイン中部のシングルマザーでした。 She had separated from her husband. Odloučila se od svého manžela. 彼女は夫から離れていた。 And she was already raising a young daughter alone. A to už vychovávala malou dceru sama. そして、彼女はすでに一人で若い娘を育てていました。 Torres did not want to give her baby to another family permanently. Torresová nechtěla své dítě dát natrvalo jiné rodině. トーレスは自分の赤ちゃんを他の家族に永久に与えたくありませんでした。 But she needed help. Ale potřebovala pomoc. She looked for someone to care for her baby until she was able to support it. Hledala někoho, kdo by se o její dítě staral, dokud ho nebude schopna podporovat. 彼女は赤ちゃんを支えられるようになるまで、赤ちゃんの世話をしてくれる人を探しました。 Torres found Sister María Gómez Valbuena. トレスはシスター・マリア・ゴメス・ヴァルブエナを見つけました。 She believed this religious worker would help her. Věřila, že jí tento náboženský pracovník pomůže.

Voice 2

On March 31st, 1982 Torres gave birth to a baby girl. 31\. března 1982 porodila Torres holčičku. 1982 年 3 月 31 日、トレスは女の赤ちゃんを出産しました。 After, Torres asked Valbuena if she could see her baby. Poté se Torres zeptal Valbueny, zda by mohla vidět své dítě. その後、トーレスはバルブエナに赤ちゃんに会えるかどうか尋ねました。 Valbuena did not bring Torres her baby. In fact, Torres would not see her baby again for nearly 30 years. Ve skutečnosti by Torres své dítě znovu neviděla téměř 30 let. 実際、トーレスさんは 30 年近く赤ちゃんに会うことはありませんでした。 Torres believes Valbuena stole her baby and sold it to another family. Torres věří, že Valbuena ukradla její dítě a prodala ho jiné rodině.

Voice 1

This may seem like an extreme story. Může se to zdát jako extrémní příběh. これは極端な話に思えるかもしれません。 However, thousands of Spanish families claim to have similar experiences. Tisíce španělských rodin však tvrdí, že mají podobné zkušenosti. しかし、何千ものスペインの家族が同様の経験をしていると主張しています。 Today's Spotlight is on Spain's "ninos robados" or “stolen children.” 今日のスポットライトは、スペインの「ninos robados」または「盗まれた子供たち」です。 Voice 2

The story of Spain's “stolen children” is about an illegal practice that lasted almost 60 years. Příběh španělských „ukradených dětí“ je o nezákonné praxi, která trvala téměř 60 let. スペインの「盗まれた子供たち」の話は、ほぼ 60 年間続いた違法行為に関するものです。 Recently, more than 1000 people have made official legal claims against medical and religious workers in Spain. V poslední době více než 1000 lidí podalo oficiální právní nároky proti lékařským a náboženským pracovníkům ve Španělsku. 最近、1000 人以上がスペインの医療従事者や宗教従事者に対して公式の法的請求を行っています。 These individuals believe that hospital workers illegally stole their newborn family members. Tito jedinci se domnívají, že pracovníci nemocnice nezákonně ukradli jejich novorozené rodinné příslušníky. これらの人々は、病院職員が生まれたばかりの家族を不法に盗んだと信じています。 Many of the families believe hospital workers lied to them. Mnoho rodin věří, že jim pracovníci nemocnice lhali. 家族の多くは、病院職員が自分たちに嘘をついたと信じています。 The workers told them their babies had died. For years, the families mourned their lost sons and daughters, brothers and sisters. Po celá léta rodiny truchlily nad ztracenými syny a dcerami, bratry a sestry. 何年もの間、家族は亡くなった息子、娘、兄弟、姉妹を悼みました。 But now, many families believe that their babies did not die. Like María Luisa Torres, they believe hospital workers took their babies and sold them to other families. Stejně jako María Luisa Torres věří, že pracovníci nemocnice jim vzali děti a prodali je jiným rodinám.

Voice 1

Many people believe the story of Spain's “stolen children” is even bigger than the official claims. Mnoho lidí věří, že příběh španělských „ukradených dětí“ je ještě větší, než oficiální tvrzení. 多くの人々は、スペインの「盗まれた子供たち」の話は、公式の主張よりもさらに大きいと信じています。 Some experts believe hospital workers around Spain stole and sold hundreds of thousands of babies between the 1930s and 1990s. 一部の専門家は、スペイン中の病院職員が 1930 年代から 1990 年代にかけて何十万人もの赤ちゃんを盗んで売ったと考えています。

Voice 2

The Spanish public first began to learn about the story of Spain's “stolen children” in 2008. Španělská veřejnost se o příběhu španělských „ukradených dětí“ poprvé začala dozvídat v roce 2008. At this time, Spanish legal officials began researching cases of stolen babies connected with the Spanish civil war. V této době začali španělští právníci zkoumat případy ukradených nemluvňat spojených se španělskou občanskou válkou. この時、スペインの法務当局は、スペイン内戦に関連する盗まれた赤ちゃんの事件の調査を開始しました。 In the late 1930s, Spain suffered through a civil war. Koncem 30. let Španělsko trpělo občanskou válkou. 1930 年代後半、スペインは内戦で苦しんでいました。 After, Francisco Franco became the country's new leader. The country was divided. Země byla rozdělena. 国は分断されました。 Franco wanted to strengthen his power. Franco chtěl posílit svou moc. フランコは自分の力を強化したかった。 A social scientist in Franco's government proposed an idea. Sociální vědec ve Francově vládě navrhl nápad. フランコ政権の社会科学者がアイデアを提案しました。 Instead of killing his opponents, Franco could take the newborn babies of people who opposed him. Místo zabíjení svých protivníků mohl Franco vzít novorozená mláďata lidí, kteří se mu postavili. 敵を殺す代わりに、フランコは彼に敵対する人々の生まれたばかりの赤ちゃんを連れて行くことができました。 Then, he could give the children to families that agreed with his political views. その後、彼の政治的見解に同意する家族に子供たちを与えることができました。

Voice 1

Franco's secret police worked with hospital workers to identify and remove children from women who opposed the government. フランコの秘密警察は病院職員と協力して、政府に反対する女性から子供を特定し、排除しました。 Often, these mothers were already in prison for opposing the government. Často byly tyto matky již ve vězení za to, že se postavily vládě. Experts believe that Franco's government stole as many as 30,000 children in the late 1930s. Odborníci se domnívají, že Francova vláda ukradla koncem 30. let až 30 000 dětí. 専門家は、フランコ政権が 1930 年代後半に 30,000 人もの子供を盗んだと信じています。 Voice 2

Franscisco Gonzalez de Tena is a sociologist. Franscisco Gonzalez de Tena je sociolog. フランシスコ・ゴンザレス・デ・テナは社会学者です。 He has studied the history of Spain's “stolen children.” He explains that this terrible practice lasted long after the war. Studoval historii španělských „ukradených dětí“. Vysvětluje, že tato hrozná praxe trvala dlouho po válce. Over the years, it became less about politics. V průběhu let to bylo méně o politice. 何年にもわたって、それは政治についてではなくなりました。 Instead, he says that many people saw it as an issue of money. Místo toho říká, že mnoho lidí to vidělo jako problém peněz. 代わりに、多くの人がそれをお金の問題と見なしたと彼は言います。 Many people in Spain wanted to adopt - they wanted to welcome a child into their family and raise him or her as their own. スペインの多くの人々は養子縁組を望んでいました - 彼らは子供を家族に迎え入れ、彼または彼女を自分のものとして育てたいと思っていました. However, the legal adoption process was difficult. しかし、法的な養子縁組プロセスは困難でした。 And it took a very long time. A trvalo to velmi dlouho. De Tena told the Spanish newspaper, El Pais:

Voice 3

“There was a great demand for children to adopt. „Po dětech k adopci byla velká poptávka. 「子どもたちの養子縁組の需要は非常に高かった。 And there were a lot of people prepared to find a way to meet that demand.” A spousta lidí byla připravena najít způsob, jak tuto poptávku uspokojit.“ そして、その需要を満たす方法を見つける準備ができている人がたくさんいました。」

Voice 1

Around the country, there were already groups of people that had worked with Franco's government to remove babies from particular families. 国中には、特定の家族から赤ちゃんを連れ去るためにフランコ政権と協力した人々のグループがすでに存在していた. Now, these same networks of people could take and sell babies for profit. Nyní by tytéž sítě lidí mohly brát a prodávat děti za účelem zisku. 今、これらの人々の同じネットワークは、利益のために赤ちゃんを連れて売ることもできます.

Voice 2

Enrique Vila is a lawyer. He represents many families that made legal claims against hospital and religious workers. Zastupuje mnoho rodin, které vznesly právní nároky proti nemocničním a náboženským pracovníkům. 彼は、病院や宗教の労働者に対して法的請求を行った多くの家族を代表しています. He told the Spain Review newspaper:

Voice 4

“There were separate groups all around Spain. „V celém Španělsku byly samostatné skupiny. 「スペイン全土に別々のグループがありました。 But they had to know each other. Ale museli se znát. When a woman found parents who wanted to adopt a baby, she knew what hospitals to call to get that child.” Když žena našla rodiče, kteří chtěli adoptovat dítě, věděla, do kterých nemocnic má zavolat, aby si to dítě vzala.“

Voice 1

It seems impossible that these networks could have stolen so many babies, for so long. Zdá se nemožné, že tyto sítě mohly ukrást tolik dětí na tak dlouhou dobu. これらのネットワークがこれほど多くの赤ちゃんを長い間盗んだことはあり得ないようです。 However, many of the families report similar stories. Often, the mothers were poor or did not have husbands. When the mother gave birth, hospital workers would take the baby away before she could see it. Když matka porodila, nemocniční pracovníci dítě odnesli dříve, než ho viděla. Then, they would tell her that the child had died. The hospital would bury the child for the family - and no one would ever see the baby's body. Nemocnice by dítě za rodinu pohřbila - a nikdo by nikdy neviděl tělo dítěte. 病院は家族のために子供を埋葬し、誰も赤ちゃんの体を見ることはありませんでした. Often, the family would not question the medical or religious worker's authority. Rodina často nezpochybňuje autoritu lékařského nebo náboženského pracovníka. 多くの場合、家族は医療従事者または宗教従事者の権威に疑問を呈しませんでした。 They would believe them. And the family would go home without their child. A rodina by šla domů bez svého dítěte.

Voice 2

This is similar to the story of María Luisa Torres – the woman from the beginning of this program. Torres says that Sister María Gómez Valbuena told her that her baby had died. However, Torres did not believe Valbuena. So, Torres asked Valbuena about her baby again. それで、トーレスはバルブエナに彼女の赤ちゃんについてもう一度尋ねました。 This time, Valbuena admitted to Torres that she had given her baby to another family. Tentokrát Valbuena Torresovi přiznala, že své dítě dala jiné rodině. 今回、ヴァルブエナはトーレスに、自分の赤ちゃんを別の家族に譲ったことを認めた. Torres was angry. She wanted to report Valbuena to the authorities. Chtěla Valbuenu nahlásit úřadům. 彼女はヴァルブエナを当局に報告したかった. But she was afraid. しかし、彼女は恐れていました。 Torres told the Global Post news organization that Valbuena threatened her. Torresová řekla zpravodajské organizaci Global Post, že jí Valbuena vyhrožovala. トーレスはグローバル・ポストの報道機関に、バルブエナが彼女を脅迫したと語った。 Torres explained that Valbuena said,

Voice 5

"I will report you to the authorities. „Nahlásím vás úřadům. I will tell them you had sex with a man that was not your husband. Řeknu jim, že jsi měla sex s mužem, který nebyl tvůj manžel. 私はあなたがあなたの夫ではない男性とセックスしたことを彼らに伝えます. You will go to jail. Půjdeš do vězení. Then I will also take away your 2-year-old daughter.” Pak vám vezmu i vaši dvouletou dceru.“ じゃあ、あなたの2歳の娘も連れて行きます。」

Voice 1

Officials have not yet proven any legal charges against Sister Valbuena. Úředníci dosud neprokázali žádné právní obvinění sestře Valbueny. 当局は、シスター・バルブエナに対する法的責任をまだ証明していません。 However genetic tests have proven that Torres' daughter is alive. ||||shown||||| Genetické testy však prokázaly, že Torresova dcera je naživu. しかし、遺伝子検査により、トーレスの娘が生きていることが証明されました。 Torres and her daughter María Pilar have now met. Torres a její dcera María Pilar se nyní setkali. トーレスと娘のマリア・ピラールは現在出会いました。 They are happy to be starting a relationship. However, thousands of other Spanish families are still waiting to learn more about their lost children. しかし、他にも何千ものスペインの家族が、行方不明になった子供たちについてもっと知るのを待っています.

Voice 2

María Luisa Puro Rodríguez is one of the many mothers who now believes hospital workers may have stolen her baby. In 1976, she did not question the doctor's authority. V roce 1976 autoritu lékaře nezpochybnila. 1976 年、彼女は医師の権威に疑問を呈しませんでした。 But today, things are different. Dnes je ale vše jinak. She told the New York Times newspaper:

Voice 6

“We now happily live in a society where it is normal to question what we hear. „Nyní šťastně žijeme ve společnosti, kde je normální pochybovat o tom, co slyšíme. 「私たちは今、聞いたことに疑問を抱くのが普通の社会で幸せに暮らしています。 I have learned a difficult lesson. Dostal jsem těžkou lekci. 私は難しい教訓を学びました。 I am now ready to fight all the way - to find out what actually happened.” Nyní jsem připraven bojovat celou cestu - abych zjistil, co se vlastně stalo.“ 私は今、実際に何が起こったのかを突き止めるために、最後まで戦う準備ができています。」

Voice 1

The writer of this program was Dianna Anderson. The producer was Michio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the United States and the United Kingdom. All quotes were adapted for this program and voiced by Spotlight. You can listen to this program again, and read it, on the internet atwww.radioenglish.net. This program is called “Spain's Stolen Children.” Voice 2

You can also find us onFacebook. Just search for spotlightradio. We hope you can join us again for the next Spotlight program. Goodbye!