¿Cuál fue la primera planta? which|was|the|first|plant Was war die erste Pflanze? Quelle était la première plante ? 最初の工場は？ Qual foi a primeira planta? Каким было первое растение? What was the first plant?

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botón unirse de YouTube. Estamos muy agradecidos por todo su apoyo. button|join|of|YouTube|We are|very|grateful|for|all|your|support join button on YouTube. We are very grateful for all your support.

Tu también puedes volverte miembro y en agradecimiento podrás tener acceso a beneficios exclusivos. you|also|you can|become|a member|and|in|gratitude|you will be able|to have|access|to|benefits|exclusive You can also become a member and in appreciation, you will have access to exclusive benefits.

Gabriel García Marqués las usó como elementos importantes de sus novelas. Pablo Neruda se Gabriel|García|Márquez|them|he used|as|elements|important|of|his|novels|Pablo|Neruda|himself Gabriel García Márquez used them as important elements in his novels. Pablo Neruda was inspired by them.

inspiró en ellas. Monet plasmó su encanto en 250 pinturas de su jardín. Y no solo hacen he inspired|in|them|Monet|he captured|his|charm|in|paintings|of|his|garden|And|not|only|they make Monet captured their charm in 250 paintings of his garden. And they not only make our world a beautiful place, thanks to them we are here alive and kicking.

de nuestro mundo un lugar bonito, gracias a ellas estamos aquí vivitos y coleando. of|our|world|a|place|beautiful|thanks|to|them|we are|here|alive|and|thriving Currently, we know about 390,900 species of plants, some have been here for a long time.

Actualmente conocemos unas 390 900 especies de plantas, algunas han estado aquí por mucho currently|we know|about|species|of|plants|some|they have|been|here|for|a long time

tiempo y han cambiado muy poco. Algunas plantas superan por varios millones de años a esos time|and|they have|changed|very|little|Some|plants|they surpass|by|several|millions|of|years|to|those time and have changed very little. Some plants are millions of years older than those

animales que llamamos fósiles vivientes. Pero ¿cómo surgieron? y animals|that|we call|fossils|living|But|how|did they arise|and animals we call living fossils. But how did they arise? And

¿Cuál fue la primera planta? Hace muchísimo tiempo... bueno no tan atrás which|was|the|first|plant|A|very|long|well|not|so|back what was the first plant? A long time ago... well, not that far back

en el tiempo. Hace unos 3400 millones de años, más o menos, ya había vida en la Tierra in|the|time|About|some|million|of|years|more|or|less|already|there was|life|on|the|Earth in time. About 3.4 billion years ago, more or less, there was already life on Earth.

y existían diferentes organismos procariotas viviendo en el agua. De esos organismos surgió and|there existed|different|organisms|prokaryotic|living|in|the|water|From|those|organisms|it emerged and there were different prokaryotic organisms living in the water. From those organisms emerged

uno capaz de aprovechar la luz solar y el agua para producir energía y asegurar su one|capable|of|to harness|the|light|solar|and|the|water|to|to produce|energy|and|to ensure|its one capable of harnessing sunlight and water to produce energy and ensure its

supervivencia. Era el comienzo de la fotosíntesis. Esta primera fotosíntesis era anoxigénica, survival|It was|the|beginning|of|the|photosynthesis|This|first|photosynthesis|it was|anoxygenic survival. It was the beginning of photosynthesis. This first photosynthesis was anoxygenic,

es decir, no producía oxígeno como desecho, como lo hacen las plantas. it is|to say|not|it produced|oxygen|as|waste|as|it|they do|the|plants that is, it did not produce oxygen as a waste product, as plants do.

Después de un tiempo surgió la fotosíntesis oxigénica, una bacteria fue capaz de utilizar after|of|a|time|there arose|the|photosynthesis|oxygenic|a|bacterium|it was|capable|of|to use After a while, oxygenic photosynthesis emerged, a bacterium was able to use

el agua y la luz solar para producir su alimento, pero ahora, como deshecho producía oxígeno. the|water|and|the|light|solar|to|to produce|its|food|but|now|as|waste|it produced|oxygen water and sunlight to produce its food, but now, as waste, it produced oxygen.

Este organismo capaz de realizar fotosíntesis oxigénica era una cianobacteria, muy similar this|organism|capable|of|to perform|photosynthesis|oxygenic|it was|a|cyanobacteria|very|similar This organism capable of performing oxygenic photosynthesis was a cyanobacterium, very similar

a las cianobacterias que existen hoy en día. Podemos encontrar cianobacterias vivas y en to|the|cyanobacteria|that|they exist|today|in|day|We can|to find|cyanobacteria|alive|and|in to the cyanobacteria that exist today. We can find living cyanobacteria and in

forma de fósil en los estromatolitos. Las capas inferiores son organismos calcificados form|of|fossil|in|the|stromatolites|The|layers|lower|they are|organisms|calcified fossil form in stromatolites. The lower layers are calcified organisms

que vivieron hace millones de años y las superiores son organismos vivos. that|they lived|ago|millions|of|years|and|the|superior|they are|organisms|living that lived millions of years ago and the upper layers are living organisms.

Las cianobacterias no son plantas, son bacterias fotosintéticas, pero estas fueron creciendo the|cyanobacteria|not|they are|plants|they are|bacteria|photosynthetic|but|these|they were|growing Cyanobacteria are not plants, they are photosynthetic bacteria, but they began to grow

y reproduciéndose rápidamente. Eran tan exitosas que se empezó a acumular su desecho, and|reproducing|rapidly|They were|so|successful|that|itself|it began|to|to accumulate|their|waste and reproduce rapidly. They were so successful that their waste began to accumulate,

el oxígeno. Su rotundo éxito quedó plasmado en las rocas; estas franjas se conocen como the|oxygen|Its|resounding|success|it remained|captured|in|the|rocks|these|stripes|themselves|they are known|as oxygen. Its resounding success was reflected in the rocks; these stripes are known as

“Formación de hierro bandeado” y son nuestra fuente principal de hierro. Se formaron formation|of|iron|banded|and|they are|our|source|main|of|iron|It|they formed "Banded Iron Formation" and are our main source of iron. They formed

cuando grandes cantidades de oxígeno oxidaron el hierro del agua. El oxígeno era abundante when|large|quantities|of|oxygen|they oxidized|the|iron|of the|water|The|oxygen|it was|abundant when large amounts of oxygen oxidized the iron in the water. Oxygen was abundant

no solo en el agua, sino también en el aire y comenzó a reaccionar con la luz solar formando not|only|in|the|water|but|also|in|the|air|and|it began|to|to react|with|the|light|solar|forming not only in the water but also in the air and began to react with sunlight forming

la capa de ozono. Esta capa ayudó a que más oxígeno se quedara atrapado en la atmósfera. the|layer|of|ozone|This|layer|it helped|to|that|more|oxygen|itself|it remained|trapped|in|the|atmosphere the ozone layer. This layer helped to trap more oxygen in the atmosphere.

Los organismos de ese entonces no estaban acostumbrados a tales concentraciones de oxígeno the|organisms|of|that|then|not|they were|accustomed|to|such|concentrations|of|oxygen The organisms of that time were not used to such concentrations of oxygen.

y algunos murieron, pero otros se adaptaron y lo usaron para su beneficio. and|some|they died|but|others|themselves|they adapted|and|it|they used|for|their|benefit Some died, but others adapted and used it to their advantage.

Así, la vida siguió cambiando y evolucionando, aparecieron organismos procariotas y eucariotas. thus|the|life|it continued|changing|and|evolving|there appeared|organisms|prokaryotic|and|eukaryotic Thus, life continued to change and evolve, with prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms appearing.

Un día cierto organismo eucariota muy glotón se comió una bacteria aeróbica, o sea una a|day|certain|organism|eukaryotic|very|gluttonous|itself|it ate|a|bacterium|aerobic|or|namely|a One day a certain very gluttonous eukaryotic organism ate an aerobic bacterium, that is to say a

bacteria que requiere oxígeno para producir energía. Se cree que no se la comió nomás bacteria|that|it requires|oxygen|to|to produce|energy|It|it believes|that|not|itself|it|it ate|just bacterium that requires oxygen to produce energy. It is believed that it didn't just eat it

porque tenía hambre, sino porque ambas bacterias tenían una relación simbiótica. Una relación because|I had|hunger|but|because|both|bacteria|they had|a|relationship|symbiotic|A| because it was hungry, but because both bacteria had a symbiotic relationship. A relationship

muy estrecha en la que ambos organismos se Nobeneficiaban y dependían de la presencia very|close|in|the|which|both|organisms|themselves|they benefited|and|they depended|on|the|presence very close in which both organisms benefited and depended on each other's presence.

del otro. Esa bacteria en vez de ser digerida se fusionó y se transformó en un organelo of|the other|That|bacteria|in|instead|of|to be|digested|itself|it fused|and|itself|it transformed|into|an|organelle of the other. That bacteria instead of being digested fused and transformed into an organelle

que hoy conocemos como mitocondria. Te estarás preguntando a dónde vamos con that|today|we know|as|mitochondria|You|you will be|asking|to|where|we are going|with that we now know as mitochondria. You might be wondering where we are going with

todo esto, te prometemos que ya casi llegamos. Este organismo glotón decidió comerse otra all|this|to you|we promise|that|already|almost|we arrive|This|organism|glutton|it decided|to eat itself|another all this, we promise we are almost there. This gluttonous organism decided to eat another

bacteria y ahora se comió una cianobacteria, esa bacteria fotosintética de la que hablábamos. bacteria|and|now|itself|it ate|a|cyanobacteria|that|bacteria|photosynthetic|of|the|which|we were talking about bacteria and now it has eaten a cyanobacteria, that photosynthetic bacteria we were talking about.

La cianobacteria evolucionó en lo que hoy conocemos como cloroplasto. the|cyanobacteria|it evolved|into|what|that|today|we know|as|chloroplast The cyanobacteria evolved into what we now know as chloroplasts.

Este suceso en el que un organismo integra a otro se le conoce como endosimbiosis y es this|event|in|the|which|one|organism|it integrates|to|another|itself|it|it is known|as|endosymbiosis|and|it is This event in which one organism integrates another is known as endosymbiosis and is

la teoría más aceptada para el origen de estos organelos. Seguro que la endosimbiosis the|theory|most|accepted|for|the|origin|of|these|organelles|Surely|that|the|endosymbiosis the most accepted theory for the origin of these organelles. I'm sure endosymbiosis

te suena a cuento chino, pero hay bastante evidencia que soporta la teoría. Por ejemplo, it|sounds|like|story|Chinese|but|there is|quite|evidence|that|supports|the|theory|For|example sounds like a tall tale to you, but there is quite a bit of evidence supporting the theory. For example,

las mitocondrias y cloroplastos tienen un ADN separado y diferente al del núcleo y the|mitochondria|and|chloroplasts|they have|a|DNA|separate|and|different|from|the|nucleus| mitochondria and chloroplasts have separate DNA that is different from that of the nucleus and

está organizado de forma similar al de las bacterias. Cloroplastos y mitocondrias son it is|organized|in|form|similar|to the|of|the|bacteria|Chloroplasts|and|mitochondria|they are is organized similarly to that of bacteria. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are

capaces de dividirse independientemente y se dividen de manera parecida a las bacterias. capable|of|to divide|independently|and|themselves|they divide|in|manner|similar|to|the|bacteria capable of dividing independently and divide in a manner similar to bacteria.

Si a una célula vegetal se le quitan las mitocondrias o cloroplastos la célula no if|to|a|cell|plant|itself|to it|they remove|the|mitochondria|or|chloroplasts|the|cell|not If a plant cell is deprived of mitochondria or chloroplasts, the cell does not

es capaz de producir estos organelos. Pero, volviendo al tema ¿Ya te imaginas que it is|capable|of|to produce|these|organelles|But|returning|to the|topic|Already|you|you imagine|that is capable of producing these organelles. But, back to the topic, can you already imagine what

sucedió con este organismo eucariota glotón? ¡Se convirtió en la primerísima planta! it happened|with|this|organism|eukaryotic|glutton|it|it converted|into|the|very first|plant happened to this gluttonous eukaryotic organism? It became the very first plant!

Un alga verde unicelular. Con el tiempo, de este organismo surgieron organismos pluricelulares. a|algae|green|unicellular|With|the|time|from|this|organism|there emerged|organisms|multicellular A unicellular green alga. Over time, multicellular organisms emerged from this organism.

El fósil del alga pluricelular más antiguo es Bangiomorpha pubescens, tiene unos mil the|fossil|of the|alga|multicellular|the most|ancient|it is|Bangiomorpha|pubescens|it has|about|thousand The fossil of the oldest multicellular alga is Bangiomorpha pubescens, it is about a thousand

millones de años de antigüedad. Bah, pero las algas como que no parecen plantas. millions|of|years|of|antiquity|Bah|but|the|algae|as|that|not|they seem|plants millions of years old. Bah, but algae don't really seem like plants.

Cómo pasaron de eso a esto. Algunas algas migraron a tierra y conforme how|they passed|from|that|to|this|some|algae|they migrated|to|land|and|as How did they go from that to this? Some algae migrated to land and as

lo hicieron cambiaron de forma, así surgieron las primeras plantas terrestres, que probablemente they|they did|they changed|of|form|thus|they emerged|the|first|plants|terrestrial|that|probably they did, they changed shape, thus the first land plants emerged, which probably

tenían una forma similar a las plantas hepáticas actuales. Seguían dependiendo del agua para they had|a|shape|similar|to|the|plants|liverworts|current|They continued|depending|on the|water|to had a shape similar to current liverworts. They still depended on water to

el transporte de sus nutrientes y por eso vivían en lugares húmedos. No tenían tallos the|transport|of|their|nutrients|and|for|that|they lived|in|places|humid|No|they did not have|stems the transport of their nutrients and that is why they lived in humid places. They did not have stems.

y estaban muy limitadas en su tamaño, pero ya habían desarrollado unas estructuras llamadas and|they were|very|limited|in|their|size|but|already|they had|developed|some|structures|called and were very limited in their size, but they had already developed structures called

rizoides para asegurarse a las rocas. Poco después de estas surgieron otras plantas rhizoids|to|to secure|to|the|rocks|Shortly|after|of|these|there emerged|other|plants rhizoids to anchor themselves to the rocks. Shortly after these, other plants emerged

terrestres como los musgos. La evidencia fósil más antigua de estas primeras plantas terrestres terrestrial|like|the|mosses|The|evidence|fossil|most|ancient|of|these|first|plants|terrestrial on land such as mosses. The oldest fossil evidence of these first land plants.

son esporas de hace 470 millones de años. Estas inofensivas plantitas desgastaban rápidamente they are|spores|of|ago|million|of|years|These|harmless|little plants|they wore out|quickly they are spores from 470 million years ago. These harmless little plants quickly wore away

las rocas a las que se unían y esto liberaba minerales, los minerales absorbieron grandes the|rocks|to|the|that|themselves|they joined|and|this|it released|minerals|the|minerals||large the rocks to which they attached, and this released minerals, the minerals absorbed large

cantidades de dióxido de carbono de forma acelerada. Como consecuencia, estas plantas quantities|of|dioxide|of|carbon|in|form|accelerated|As|a consequence|these|plants amounts of carbon dioxide at an accelerated rate. As a consequence, these plants

provocaron una serie de glaciaciones masivas. No hay duda de que cualquier acción puede they provoked|a|series|of|glaciations|massive|No|there is|doubt|that|that|any|action|it can caused a series of massive glaciations. There is no doubt that any action can

afectar el clima y tener graves consecuencias, lo estamos viviendo. to affect|the|climate|and|to have|serious|consequences|it|we are|living affect the climate and have serious consequences, we are experiencing it.

Afortunadamente muchas plantas sobrevivieron a estos tiempos difíciles y comenzaron a fortunately|many|plants|they survived|to|these|times|difficult|and|they began|to Fortunately, many plants survived these difficult times and began to

desarrollar tallos y un sistema para el transporte de nutrientes. to develop|stems|and|a|system|for|the|transport|of|nutrients develop stems and a system for transporting nutrients.

Después aparecieron las raíces para absorber nutrientes y más adelante las hojas y luego later|they appeared|the|roots|to|absorb|nutrients|and|more|later|the|leaves|and|then Later, roots appeared to absorb nutrients and then leaves.

algunas plantas desarrollaron corteza. Hace unos 354 millones de años las plantas some|plants|they developed|bark|About|some|million|of|years|the|plants some plants developed bark. About 354 million years ago, plants

eran la especie reinante, había una gran variedad de plantas, árboles de cincuenta they were|the|species|reigning|there was|a|great|variety|of|plants|trees|of|fifty were the dominant species, there was a great variety of plants, trees up to fifty

metros y bosques extensos. Gracias a las plantas había mucho oxígeno, estas condiciones favorecieron meters|and|forests|extensive|Thanks|to|the|plants|there was|a lot of|oxygen|these|conditions|they favored meters tall and extensive forests. Thanks to the plants, there was a lot of oxygen, these conditions favored

a algunos organismos. Había libélulas gigantes con setenta centímetros de envergadura, escorpiones to|some|organisms|There were|dragonflies|giant|with|seventy|centimeters|of|wingspan|scorpions some organisms. There were giant dragonflies with a wingspan of seventy centimeters, scorpions

igual de grandes y milpiés de dos metros y medio. (ASUSTADO/SARCASMO) Suena maravilloso. as|as|big|and|millipedes|of|two|meters|and|half|||It sounds|wonderful just as big and millipedes two and a half meters long. (SCARED/SARCASM) Sounds wonderful.

(VOZ NORMAL) De este periodo proviene la mayor parte de nuestras reservas de carbón, por ||from|this|period|it comes|the|largest|part|of|our|reserves|of|coal|for (NORMAL VOICE) From this period comes most of our coal reserves, due to

todo el material vegetal que había en ese entonces. all|the|material|plant|that|there was|in|that|then all the plant material that existed back then.

En este mismo periodo aparecieron las coníferas y árboles como los ginko y las cykas y poco in|this|same|period|there appeared|the|conifers|and|trees|like|the|ginkgo|and|the|cycads|and|little During this same period, conifers and trees such as ginkgo and cycads appeared, and little

a poco fueron ganando terreno hasta volverse cosmopolitas. to|little|they were|gaining|ground|until|to become|cosmopolitan They gradually gained ground until they became cosmopolitan.

Hace apenas 140 millones de años aparecieron las plantas con flor. Los científicos creen just|barely|million|of|years|appeared|the|plants|with|flower|The|scientists|they believe Only 140 million years ago did flowering plants appear. Scientists believe

que las primeras flores quizá tenían un aspecto similar a las magnolias. Aunque las that|the|first|flowers|perhaps|they had|a|appearance|similar|to|the|magnolias|Although|the that the first flowers may have looked similar to magnolias. Although the

flores aparecieron recientemente estas fueron tan exitosas que rápidamente se diversificaron flowers|they appeared|recently|these|they were|so|successful|that|quickly|themselves|they diversified flowers appeared recently, they were so successful that they quickly diversified.

en hierbas, árboles, arbustos y trepadoras. Hoy en día 9 de cada 10 plantas terrestres in|herbs|trees|shrubs|and|climbing plants|Today|in|day|of|every|plants|terrestrial in herbs, trees, shrubs, and climbers. Nowadays, 9 out of 10 terrestrial plants

tienen flores. Pero ¿cómo estamos seguros de que toda esta they have|flowers|But|how|we are|sure|of|that|all|this have flowers. But how can we be sure that all this

historia que suena bastante complicada es real y no nos la estamos inventando? No se story|that|it sounds|quite|complicated|it is|real|and|not|to us|it|we are|inventing|No|I know story that sounds quite complicated is real and we are not making it up? One cannot

puede estar completamente seguros de todo y aún quedan muchas dudas, pero hay muchísimas it can|to be|completely|sure|of|everything|and|still|there remain|many|doubts|but|there are|a lot be completely sure of everything and there are still many doubts, but there are many more

pistas que nos han ayudado a armar el rompecabezas de la historia. Los registros fósiles, los clues|that|us|they have|helped|to|assemble|the|puzzle|of|the|history|The|records|fossil|the clues that have helped us piece together the puzzle of history. The fossil records, the

estratos geológicos, el estudio comparativo de la anatomía, fisiología y bioquímica, geological|strata|the|study|comparative|of|the|anatomy|physiology|and|biochemistry geological strata, the comparative study of anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry,

la genética y la aportación de diversas disciplinas nos dan la evidencia que nos permite the|genetics|and|the|contribution|of|various|disciplines|us|they give|the|evidence|that|us|it allows genetics, and the contributions of various disciplines provide us with the evidence that allows us

conocer el pasado. Las plantas han estado en la Tierra por millones to know|the|past|The|plants|they have|been|on|the|Earth|for|millions to know the past. Plants have been on Earth for millions

de años, algunas se extinguieron y nunca las conocimos, pero todas han contribuido of|years|some|themselves|they became extinct|and|never|them|we knew|but|all|they have|contributed for years, some went extinct and we never knew them, but all have contributed

a transformar nuestro planeta y propiciaron las condiciones para que surgieran diversas to|transform|our|planet|and|they fostered|the|conditions|for|that|they emerged|various to transforming our planet and created the conditions for various

formas de vida. ¡Curiosamente! forms|of|life|Interestingly forms of life to emerge. Interestingly!

Cuéntanos cuál es tu planta favorita y recuerda suscribirte al canal para que no te pierdas tell us|which|it is|your|plant|favorite|and|remember|to subscribe|to the|channel|so that|that|not|you|you miss Tell us what your favorite plant is and remember to subscribe to the channel so you don't miss out

ni un solo video. Le mandamos un saludo a todas las mentes curiosas not|a|single|video|to it|we send|a|greeting|to|all|the|minds|curious not a single video. We send a greeting to all the curious minds

que nos apoyan, particularmente a: Alberto Campano, Daniel Guerrero, Erick Hernández, that|us|they support|particularly|to|Alberto|Campano|Daniel|Guerrero|Erick|Hernández that support us, particularly to: Alberto Campano, Daniel Guerrero, Erick Hernández,

Familia Rebollo Sainz, Francisco Dueñas, Francisco Tejeda, Luis Malo, Luis Sánchez, Family|Rebollo|Sainz|Francisco|Dueñas||Tejeda|Luis|Malo||Sánchez Rebollo Sainz Family, Francisco Dueñas, Francisco Tejeda, Luis Malo, Luis Sánchez,

Noemi Moreno, Pancho, Paulo Reynaldo, Pez goldfish, Raúl Sánchez, Roberto Brücher, Noemi|Moreno|Pancho|Paulo|Reynaldo|goldfish||Raúl|Sánchez|Roberto|Brücher Noemi Moreno, Pancho, Paulo Reynaldo, Pez goldfish, Raúl Sánchez, Roberto Brücher,

Rodrigo Castro, Tania Moreno y Telemilla 90 Rodrigo|Castro|Tania|Moreno|and|Telemilla Rodrigo Castro, Tania Moreno, and Telemilla 90