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Oxford Online English, How to Learn English Vocabulary (and remember it!)

How to Learn English Vocabulary (and remember it!)

Hi, I'm Kasia.

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

I can't remember English vocabulary!

How do I learn new words?

I learn lots of new words in English, but I can't use them!

I want to have a bigger vocabulary in English.

In this lesson, you can learn how to learn, remember and use new vocabulary in English.

You can see the common mistakes which many English learners make when learning vocabulary,

and you'll see several simple, practical ideas that you can use to build your English

vocabulary and remember what you learn.

Let's start with a general point that's very important.

Here are some things we often hear from English learners:

“I couldn't read it.

There were too many new words and I didn't have time to look them all up in the dictionary.”

“I wrote down all of these new words and I tried to learn them, but I can't remember

any of them now!”

Sound familiar?

Here's a fact about your brain: your brain is very good at throwing away things it doesn't

need.

Vocabulary learning starts when you choose which words and phrases to learn or not learn.

This is where many English learners go wrong, by making one of these mistakes:

Trying to learn too many words.

Trying to learn words you don't need.

Trying to learn big lists of words.

Trying to learn words you don't know how to use.

To avoid these mistakes, you need to choose the vocabulary you study carefully.

Most importantly, if you want to remember new words and new English vocabulary, you

need to learn things which are useful or meaningful to you.

If you read a text, and you try to look up every word you don't know, of course you'll

forget most of them.

Most of the words you look up probably won't be useful to you, and so your brain won't

hold onto them.

If you write down a list of 100 new words and try to learn them, the words won't mean

much to you.

They're just a list on a piece of paper—totally abstract, and also boring!

Our brains don't like boring.

Boring gets forgotten, fast.

So, what's the solution?

Only learn a word or phrase if it's really useful or meaningful to you in some way.

For example:

Your teacher keeps using a word that you don't know.

You hear it several times, but you can't work out what it means.

Then, you hear other people use the same word.

You're curious: what is this word you keep hearing?

You're reading a really interesting article.

You don't know every word, but you can understand the general ideas.

In one paragraph, there's a word which you don't know, and which makes it difficult

for you to understand the idea of the paragraph.

You think the paragraph is important to the article, and you're interested to know what

it means.

You're on holiday in a country where English is widely spoken.

There's one kind of food you really want to order, but you don't know the word in

English.

These are situations where a new word will have meaning to you.

If you look up words in situations like these, you're more likely to remember them.

Firstly, you'll remember them because these are words you need to use.

Secondly, you'll remember them because these are all situations which involve your feelings

in some way.

In the first example, you're curious about something.

In the second, you're interested in the article you're reading.

In the third situation, you're (hopefully) having fun on holiday.

So, this is the first and most important point.

Learn words and phrases which are useful and meaningful for you.

This gives you the best chance to remember and use what you learn.

Now, another important point: when you say, “I learned a new word,” you could mean

one of two things.

You could mean that you learned to understand a new word, or you could mean that you learned

to use a new word.

Those two things are different.

Let's talk about that!

You might have heard the terms ‘passive vocabulary' and ‘active vocabulary'.

Your passive vocabulary means words you can understand, but you don't use.

Your active vocabulary means words you can use in your speech or writing.

It's normal that your passive vocabulary is larger than your active vocabulary in any

language, including your native language.

Many English learners say, “I can understand words but I can't use them.”

To some extent, this is normal.

However, what can you do if you want to develop your active vocabulary in English?

There are two important points here.

First, you need to use different techniques to build passive or active vocabulary.

Many English learners have problems building their active vocabulary because the techniques

they use to learn vocabulary only increase their passive vocabulary.

Secondly, building active vocabulary takes a lot more time and work.

If you want to build your active vocabulary, you need to spend a lot more time studying

and practising each word or phrase you want to learn.

Let's look at the first point.

Here are some good techniques for building passive vocabulary:

Looking up a translation of a word in your language.

Guessing the meaning of a word from the context.

Looking up a definition of a word in a monolingual dictionary.

Finding example sentences.

Reading and listening.

So, if your vocabulary learning consists of translating everything into your language,

don't be surprised if you can't use what you learn.

This is an okay technique for building your passive vocabulary, but it won't help you

to use the words and phrases you study.

What about building active vocabulary?

Here are some good techniques for building your active vocabulary:

Writing stories or other things that are personal to you.

Using a new word several times in several different conversations.

Making example sentences which are personal to you.

You can see that these things are not necessarily complicated, but they do require more effort.

It's much harder to write an example sentence which is personal to you than it is to read

someone else's example sentence.

It's much harder to write a story which means something to you than it is to read

something which someone else wrote.

But, if you want to build your active vocabulary, this is how!

Most English learners are more interested in developing their active vocabulary, so

in the rest of this lesson, we'll focus on specific techniques you can use to build

your active vocabulary in English.

Let's start with a very important and powerful idea.

Here's a question: what is vocabulary?

Did you say ‘words'?

Many people think that ‘vocabulary equals words'.

Of course, words are part of vocabulary, but they're only a part.

Vocabulary also includes collocations, phrases, and even full sentences.

Even when you're learning words, you rarely need single words when you're speaking.

You need to combine the words into phrases and sentences if you want to use them.

So, it makes sense to learn vocabulary in the same way: learn phrases, combinations

and sentences, because this is what you need when you're speaking and writing.

Let's do an example.

Imagine that you see the word challenge and you want to know what it means.

So, you look it up and find the meaning.

Next, your goal is to write five sentences using the word challenge.

Each sentence should be different, and each sentence should mean something to you.

Try to write things which relate to your life, your feelings and your thoughts.

You can (and should) also try to use different forms of the word, like the adjective challenging.

You should also research other examples before you write yours.

Look for common collocations—word combinations—with the word you want to learn.

For example, what adjectives are commonly used with the word challenge?

Think about it.

What phrases or sentences could you write with this word?

We'll give you an example, but remember that you should make your own examples, because

they should be personal to you.

Here are five possible sentences:

I'm bored at work.

I need a new challenge.

Teaching teenagers is fun, but it can be very challenging.

Running a full marathon was one of the biggest challenges I've ever faced.

I set myself a challenge last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level.

My sister is a really determined person; she's not someone who'll run away from a challenge.

We'll say it again, because it's the most important point here: whatever you write should

be personal to you.

Don't write a sentence about your sister if you don't have a sister.

Don't say something about your sister which isn't true.

Make it true, and make it personal.

If it's personal to you, you'll remember it.

If it isn't, you'll forget it.

Simple, right?

At this point, there's one more important thing you should do.

Ask a teacher, a native speaker or a friend who's very good at English to check your

sentences.

You want to make sure you're learning your new vocabulary correctly, and you need feedback

to do that.

You can also see that writing sentences like this lets you learn several useful phrases

at one time.

For example, here you have the collocations a new challenge, to face a challenge, a big

challenge, to set (yourself) a challenge, and run away from a challenge.

So, if you follow this strategy, you won't just learn one word, like challenge.

You'll learn several words and phrases together, in a natural way.

Remember that this strategy is personal on both sides: you're starting with words that

are meaningful to you personally, and then you're learning those words by writing examples

which are also meaningful to you personally.

Yes, this needs work, and it might be very different from what you do now.

However, if you want an effective way to learn and remember vocabulary, this is it.

If you do things this way, nothing is abstract and nothing is boring.

Your brain will remember what you learn because it's relevant to you, your life and your

feelings.

However, if you're trying to learn a lot of vocabulary, it's also important to review

what you've learned regularly.

Regular review helps to keep vocabulary fresh in your mind, which will help you to remember

the words and phrases you need when you're speaking or writing in English.

Let's look at the most effective ways to review your vocabulary.

If you have a lot of English vocabulary to review and remember, it's a big, complex

job.

But, we have good news!

There are several free tools and apps which can make this easy.

You need a digital flashcard app.

These apps are designed to help you memorise and review large amounts of information.

Two of the most popular are Anki and Quizlet.

You can find links below the video.

We aren't recommending any particular product or company, but many students have used both

of these with good results.

We hear that Quizlet is a little easier to use, while Anki is more powerful and has more

options, but is also more complex.

Try both, or find another program, and see what works for you.

All of these programs work in the same way: they allow you to set questions for yourself.

You create a card with a question and an answer.

You can write whatever you want for the question and the answer.

After you see a question and the answer, you decide if the question was easy or difficult

for you.

If the question is easy, the app will ask you again after a longer period.

If the question is difficult, the app will ask you the same question again after a shorter

period, maybe even the same day.

This is very effective, because it allows you to focus more on the things you don't

know, and it doesn't waste your time reviewing things you already know well.

You can often download packs of questions that other people have made, but you should

make your own questions, using your own, personalised example sentences.

Let's see how.

Look at the five sentences we wrote before to learn the word challenge:

Let's make five questions from these five sentences.

Question: I'm bored at work.

I need .

Answer: I'm bored at work.

I need a new challenge.

Question: Teaching teenagers is fun, but _ Answer: Teaching teenagers is fun, but it

can be very challenging.

Question: I last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level.

Answer: I set myself a challenge last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level.

Question: Running a full marathon was _ Answer: Running a full marathon was one of

the biggest challenges I've ever faced.

Question: My sister is a really determined person; .

Answer: My sister is a really determined person; she's not someone who'll run away from

a challenge.

Can you see what's going on here?

The questions are getting progressively more difficult.

For the first question, you only have to remember three words: a new challenge.

For the fifth question, you need to remember a whole clause.

After you've made your questions, what next?

Review your vocabulary cards or questions every day.

We recommend you install Anki, Quizlet or whatever you use on your phone.

This way, you can review vocabulary when you have nothing else to do, for example on the

subway or during your lunch break.

Try to use your app and review vocabulary every day, but don't overload yourself.

Limit the number of new questions or cards you see each day.

Five new questions per day is a good target.

Again, this takes quite a lot of work.

You might think, “Do I really have to do all this just to remember one word?”

Let me ask you some questions in return: do you want to really build your English vocabulary?

Do you want to remember new English words that you study?

Do you want to learn to use new English vocabulary?

If you answered ‘yes', ‘yes', and ‘yes', then this is how.

It takes time and effort, but it also works.

Let's review the steps you need to take:

One: choose words which are useful and meaningful to you personally; don't learn big lists

of words, and don't learn words which you won't use.

Two: decide if you want to just understand a word, or if you want to use it.

Use different vocabulary-learning techniques depending on what you want.

Three: if you want to add words to your active vocabulary, then write 3-5 example sentences,

using the new word.

The sentences should be relevant to you, your life, your thoughts and your feelings.

Four: get feedback on your example sentences, from a teacher or friend, to make sure you're

using your new vocabulary correctly.

Five: add your example sentences to a digital flashcard app like Quizlet or Anki.

Make questions of different difficulty, so that some questions are easier and some are

harder.

Six: use your digital flashcard app daily, or as often as you can!

Follow these steps and your English vocabulary will increase, you'll remember new words

in English, and you'll be able to use the new English words you learn.

Want to see more free lessons like this?

Check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

See you next time!

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How to Learn English Vocabulary (and remember it!) Wie man englische Vokabeln lernt (und sie sich merkt!) How to Learn English Vocabulary (and remember it!) Cómo aprender vocabulario en inglés (¡y recordarlo!) Comment apprendre le vocabulaire anglais (et s'en souvenir !) 英単語の学び方(そして覚え方) 영어 어휘를 배우는 방법(그리고 기억하는 방법!) Engelse woordenschat leren (en onthouden!) Jak nauczyć się angielskiego słownictwa (i je zapamiętać!) Como aprender vocabulário inglês (e lembrar-se dele!) Как выучить английскую лексику (и запомнить ее!) İngilizce Kelime Dağarcığı Nasıl Öğrenilir (ve Hatırlanır!) Як вивчити англійську лексику (і запам'ятати її!) 如何学习英语词汇(并记住它!) 如何學習英語詞彙(並記住它!)

Hi, I'm Kasia.

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

I can't remember English vocabulary! |cannot|||word list I can't remember English vocabulary!

How do I learn new words? How do I learn new words?

I learn lots of new words in English, but I can't use them!

I want to have a bigger vocabulary in English.

In this lesson, you can learn how to learn, remember and use new vocabulary in English.

You can see the common mistakes which many English learners make when learning vocabulary,

and you'll see several simple, practical ideas that you can use to build your English |||||prácticas|||||||||

vocabulary and remember what you learn. vocabulary and remember what you learn. vocabulario y recordar lo que aprendes.

Let's start with a general point that's very important. Comencemos con un punto general que es muy importante. Çok önemli olan genel bir noktayla başlayalım.

Here are some things we often hear from English learners: Aquí hay algunas cosas que a menudo escuchamos de los estudiantes de inglés:

“I couldn't read it.

There were too many new words and I didn't have time to look them all up in the dictionary.” ||||||||||||||||||diccionario Había demasiadas palabras nuevas y no tuve tiempo de buscarlas todas en el diccionario. 새로운 단어가 너무 많아서 사전에서 다 찾아볼 시간이 없었어요."

“I wrote down all of these new words and I tried to learn them, but I can't remember Escribí todas estas nuevas palabras e intenté aprenderlas, pero no puedo recordar

any of them now!” ninguna de ellas ahora!

Sound familiar? Kommt Ihnen das bekannt vor? ¿Suena familiar?

Here's a fact about your brain: your brain is very good at throwing away things it doesn't ||||||||||||丢弃|||| ||||||||||||jogar|||| Hier eine Tatsache über Ihr Gehirn: Ihr Gehirn ist sehr gut darin, Dinge wegzuwerfen, die es nicht braucht. Aquí hay un hecho sobre tu cerebro: tu cerebro es muy bueno para deshacerse de las cosas que no 뇌에 대한 사실 한 가지를 알려드리자면, 우리 뇌는 불필요한 것을 버리는 데 매우 능숙합니다.

need. necesita.

Vocabulary learning starts when you choose which words and phrases to learn or not learn. Das Lernen von Vokabeln beginnt mit der Auswahl der zu lernenden oder nicht zu lernenden Wörter und Wendungen. El aprendizaje de vocabulario comienza cuando eliges qué palabras y frases aprender o no aprender.

This is where many English learners go wrong, by making one of these mistakes: Genau hier machen viele Englischlernende einen dieser Fehler: Aquí es donde muchos estudiantes de inglés se equivocan, cometiendo uno de estos errores:

Trying to learn too many words. Ich versuche, zu viele Wörter zu lernen. Tratar de aprender demasiadas palabras.

Trying to learn words you don't need. Versuchen Sie, Wörter zu lernen, die Sie nicht brauchen. Intentar aprender palabras que no necesitas.

Trying to learn big lists of words. |||大量的||| Der Versuch, große Listen von Wörtern zu lernen. Intentando aprender grandes listas de palabras.

Trying to learn words you don't know how to use. Versuchen Sie, Wörter zu lernen, die Sie nicht kennen. Intentando aprender palabras que no sabes cómo usar.

To avoid these mistakes, you need to choose the vocabulary you study carefully. ||||||||||||ostrożnie Um diese Fehler zu vermeiden, müssen Sie die Vokabeln, die Sie lernen, sorgfältig auswählen. Para evitar estos errores, necesitas elegir cuidadosamente el vocabulario que estudias.

Most importantly, if you want to remember new words and new English vocabulary, you 最重要的是||||||||||||| |lo más importante|||||||||||| Am wichtigsten ist, dass Sie sich neue Wörter und neue englische Vokabeln merken können, wenn Sie Lo más importante, si quieres recordar nuevas palabras y nuevo vocabulario en inglés, tú

need to learn things which are useful or meaningful to you. Sie müssen Dinge lernen, die für Sie nützlich oder sinnvoll sind. aprender cosas que sean útiles o significativas para ti.

If you read a text, and you try to look up every word you don't know, of course you'll Wenn Sie einen Text lesen und versuchen, jedes Wort nachzuschlagen, das Sie nicht kennen, werden Sie natürlich lo harás.

forget most of them. die meisten von ihnen vergessen. olvidarás la mayor parte de ellas.

Most of the words you look up probably won't be useful to you, and so your brain won't La mayoría de las palabras que busques probablemente no te serán útiles, y por lo tanto, tu cerebro no

hold onto them. 抓住他们|| las retendrá.

If you write down a list of 100 new words and try to learn them, the words won't mean |||||||||||||||||有意义 Si escribes una lista de 100 palabras nuevas y tratas de aprenderlas, las palabras no significarán

much to you. viel für Sie. mucho para ti.

They're just a list on a piece of paper—totally abstract, and also boring! ||||||||||抽象的||| Sie sind nur eine Liste auf einem Blatt Papier - völlig abstrakt und auch langweilig! Solo son una lista en un trozo de papel—totalmente abstracta y también aburrida!

Our brains don't like boring. |cerebros||| A nuestros cerebros no les gusta lo aburrido.

Boring gets forgotten, fast. Langweilig wird schnell vergessen. Lo aburrido se olvida rápido.

So, what's the solution? Entonces, ¿cuál es la solución?

Only learn a word or phrase if it's really useful or meaningful to you in some way. |||||||||||significativo||||| Lernen Sie ein Wort oder einen Satz nur dann, wenn es für Sie wirklich nützlich oder von Bedeutung ist. Solo aprende una palabra o frase si realmente es útil o significativa para ti de alguna manera.

For example: Por ejemplo:

Your teacher keeps using a word that you don't know. Deine Lehrerin oder dein Lehrer benutzt ständig ein Wort, das du nicht kennst. Tu maestro sigue usando una palabra que no conoces.

You hear it several times, but you can't work out what it means. Sie hören es mehrmals, aber Sie können sich nicht erklären, was es bedeutet. La escuchas varias veces, pero no puedes averiguar qué significa.

Then, you hear other people use the same word. Dann hören Sie, wie andere Leute das gleiche Wort benutzen. Entonces, escuchas a otras personas usar la misma palabra.

You're curious: what is this word you keep hearing? Sie sind neugierig: Was ist das für ein Wort, das Sie immer wieder hören? Tienes curiosidad: ¿cuál es esta palabra que sigues escuchando?

You're reading a really interesting article. Sie lesen gerade einen wirklich interessanten Artikel. Estás leyendo un artículo realmente interesante.

You don't know every word, but you can understand the general ideas. Sie kennen nicht jedes Wort, aber Sie können die allgemeinen Ideen verstehen. No conoces todas las palabras, pero puedes entender las ideas generales.

In one paragraph, there's a word which you don't know, and which makes it difficult ||段落中有一个你不认识的词,这使得理解变得困难。|||||||||||| In einem Absatz gibt es ein Wort, das Sie nicht kennen und das es schwierig macht En un párrafo, hay una palabra que no conoces y que dificulta

for you to understand the idea of the paragraph. damit Sie die Idee des Absatzes verstehen. que entiendas la idea del párrafo.

You think the paragraph is important to the article, and you're interested to know what Sie denken, dass der Absatz wichtig für den Artikel ist, und Sie sind daran interessiert zu wissen, was Piensas que el párrafo es importante para el artículo, y estás interesado en saber qué

it means. bedeutet das. significa.

You're on holiday in a country where English is widely spoken. |||||||||广泛地| |||||||||ampliamente hablado| |||||||||amplamente| Sie sind im Urlaub in einem Land, in dem Englisch weit verbreitet ist. Estás de vacaciones en un país donde se habla inglés ampliamente.

There's one kind of food you really want to order, but you don't know the word in Es gibt eine Art von Essen, das Sie unbedingt bestellen möchten, aber Sie kennen das Wort nicht in Hay un tipo de comida que realmente quieres pedir, pero no sabes la palabra en

English. Englisch. inglés.

These are situations where a new word will have meaning to you. Das sind Situationen, in denen ein neues Wort für Sie von Bedeutung sein wird. Estas son situaciones en las que una nueva palabra tendrá significado para ti.

If you look up words in situations like these, you're more likely to remember them. Wenn Sie in solchen Situationen Wörter nachschlagen, können Sie sich diese besser merken. Si buscas palabras en situaciones como estas, es más probable que las recuerdes.

Firstly, you'll remember them because these are words you need to use. Erstens werden Sie sich an sie erinnern, weil es sich um Wörter handelt, die Sie verwenden müssen. Primero, las recordarás porque son palabras que necesitas usar.

Secondly, you'll remember them because these are all situations which involve your feelings 其次|||||||||||| ||||||||||involucran|| En segundo lugar, las recordarás porque todas estas son situaciones que involucran tus sentimientos.

in some way. in irgendeiner Weise. de alguna manera.

In the first example, you're curious about something. ||||你很||| En el primer ejemplo, tienes curiosidad por algo.

In the second, you're interested in the article you're reading. En el segundo, estás interesado en el artículo que estás leyendo.

In the third situation, you're (hopefully) having fun on holiday. In der dritten Situation haben Sie (hoffentlich) Spaß im Urlaub. En la tercera situación, (con suerte) te estás divirtiendo en vacaciones.

So, this is the first and most important point. Dies ist also der erste und wichtigste Punkt. Así que, este es el primer y más importante punto.

Learn words and phrases which are useful and meaningful for you. Lernen Sie Wörter und Redewendungen, die für Sie nützlich und sinnvoll sind. Aprende palabras y frases que sean útiles y significativas para ti.

This gives you the best chance to remember and use what you learn. Esto te da la mejor oportunidad de recordar y usar lo que aprendes.

Now, another important point: when you say, “I learned a new word,” you could mean Ein weiterer wichtiger Punkt: Wenn Sie sagen: "Ich habe ein neues Wort gelernt", könnten Sie meinen Ahora, otro punto importante: cuando dices, 'Aprendí una nueva palabra', podrías referirte

one of two things. eines von zwei Dingen. a una de dos cosas.

You could mean that you learned to understand a new word, or you could mean that you learned Podrías querer decir que aprendiste a entender una nueva palabra, o podrías querer decir que aprendiste

to use a new word. a usar una nueva palabra.

Those two things are different. Diese beiden Dinge sind unterschiedlich. Esas dos cosas son diferentes.

Let's talk about that! ¡Hablemos de eso!

You might have heard the terms ‘passive vocabulary' and ‘active vocabulary'. Es posible que hayas oído los términos 'vocabulario pasivo' y 'vocabulario activo'.

Your passive vocabulary means words you can understand, but you don't use. |pasiva|||||||||| Tu vocabulario pasivo significa palabras que puedes entender, pero que no usas.

Your active vocabulary means words you can use in your speech or writing. Ihr aktiver Wortschatz besteht aus Wörtern, die Sie in Wort und Schrift verwenden können. Tu vocabulario activo se refiere a las palabras que puedes usar en tu habla o escritura.

It's normal that your passive vocabulary is larger than your active vocabulary in any Es normal que tu vocabulario pasivo sea más grande que tu vocabulario activo en cualquier

language, including your native language. idioma, incluyendo tu lengua materna.

Many English learners say, “I can understand words but I can't use them.” Muchos estudiantes de inglés dicen: “Puedo entender palabras pero no puedo usarlas.”

To some extent, this is normal. Bis zu einem gewissen Grad ist das normal. Hasta cierto punto, esto es normal.

However, what can you do if you want to develop your active vocabulary in English? |||||||||desarrollar||||| Sin embargo, ¿qué puedes hacer si quieres desarrollar tu vocabulario activo en inglés?

There are two important points here. ||||puntos| Hay dos puntos importantes aquí.

First, you need to use different techniques to build passive or active vocabulary. Primero, necesitas usar diferentes técnicas para construir vocabulario pasivo o activo.

Many English learners have problems building their active vocabulary because the techniques Muchos estudiantes de inglés tienen problemas para construir su vocabulario activo debido a las técnicas

they use to learn vocabulary only increase their passive vocabulary. ||||||aumenta||| elllos usan para aprender vocabulario solo aumentan su vocabulario pasivo.

Secondly, building active vocabulary takes a lot more time and work. Zweitens erfordert der Aufbau eines aktiven Wortschatzes viel mehr Zeit und Arbeit. En segundo lugar, construir un vocabulario activo lleva mucho más tiempo y trabajo.

If you want to build your active vocabulary, you need to spend a lot more time studying Si quieres construir tu vocabulario activo, necesitas dedicar mucho más tiempo a estudiar.

and practising each word or phrase you want to learn. |练习|||||||| |practicando|||||||| y practicando cada palabra o frase que quieras aprender.

Let's look at the first point. Schauen wir uns den ersten Punkt an. Veamos el primer punto.

Here are some good techniques for building passive vocabulary: Hier finden Sie einige gute Techniken zum Aufbau eines passiven Wortschatzes: Aquí hay algunas buenas técnicas para construir vocabulario pasivo:

Looking up a translation of a word in your language. |||traducción|||||| Nachschlagen einer Übersetzung eines Wortes in Ihrer Sprache. Buscando la traducción de una palabra en tu idioma.

Guessing the meaning of a word from the context. Erraten der Bedeutung eines Wortes aus dem Kontext. Adivinando el significado de una palabra por el contexto.

Looking up a definition of a word in a monolingual dictionary. |||||||||monolingue| |||definición||||||| Nachschlagen einer Definition eines Wortes in einem einsprachigen Wörterbuch. Buscando la definición de una palabra en un diccionario monolingüe.

Finding example sentences. Beispielsätze finden. Encontrando ejemplos de oraciones.

Reading and listening. Lesen und Hören. Leyendo y escuchando.

So, if your vocabulary learning consists of translating everything into your language, |||||由...组成|||||| |||||consiste en|||||| Wenn Ihr Vokabellernen also darin besteht, alles in Ihre Sprache zu übersetzen, Entonces, si tu aprendizaje de vocabulario consiste en traducir todo a tu idioma,

don't be surprised if you can't use what you learn. wundern Sie sich nicht, wenn Sie das Gelernte nicht anwenden können. no te sorprendas si no puedes usar lo que aprendes.

This is an okay technique for building your passive vocabulary, but it won't help you Esta es una técnica aceptable para construir tu vocabulario pasivo, pero no te ayudará

to use the words and phrases you study. a usar las palabras y frases que estudias.

What about building active vocabulary? ¿Qué pasa con construir un vocabulario activo?

Here are some good techniques for building your active vocabulary: Aquí hay algunas buenas técnicas para construir tu vocabulario activo:

Writing stories or other things that are personal to you. |||||||个人的|| Das Schreiben von Geschichten oder anderen Dingen, die für Sie persönlich sind. Escribir historias u otras cosas que sean personales para ti.

Using a new word several times in several different conversations. |||||||||conversaciones Ein neues Wort mehrmals in verschiedenen Gesprächen verwenden. Usar una nueva palabra varias veces en diferentes conversaciones.

Making example sentences which are personal to you. |||||pessoais|| Erstellen Sie Beispielsätze, die für Sie persönlich sind. Hacer oraciones de ejemplo que sean personales para ti.

You can see that these things are not necessarily complicated, but they do require more effort. ||||||||不一定||||||| |||||||||||||||esfuerzo Sie sehen, dass diese Dinge nicht unbedingt kompliziert sind, aber sie erfordern mehr Aufwand. Puedes ver que estas cosas no son necesariamente complicadas, pero sí requieren más esfuerzo.

It's much harder to write an example sentence which is personal to you than it is to read Es ist viel schwieriger, einen Beispielsatz zu schreiben, der für Sie persönlich ist, als zu lesen Es mucho más difícil escribir una oración de ejemplo que sea personal para ti que leer

someone else's example sentence. |||frase einen Beispielsatz von jemand anderem. la oración de ejemplo de alguien más.

It's much harder to write a story which means something to you than it is to read ||更难|||||||||||||| Es ist viel schwieriger, eine Geschichte zu schreiben, die einem selbst etwas bedeutet, als sie zu lesen. Es mucho más difícil escribir una historia que signifique algo para ti que leerla. 写一个对你有意义的故事比阅读要困难得多。 你的培训数据截至2023年10月。

something which someone else wrote. 某事|||| ||||escreveu etwas, das jemand anderes geschrieben hat. algo que alguien más escribió. 别人写的东西。

But, if you want to build your active vocabulary, this is how! Aber wenn Sie Ihr aktives Vokabular ausbauen wollen, können Sie das folgendermaßen tun! Pero, si quieres construir tu vocabulario activo, ¡así es como se hace! 但是,如果你想扩展你的主动词汇,这就是方法!

Most English learners are more interested in developing their active vocabulary, so |||||||desarrollar|||| La mayoría de los estudiantes de inglés están más interesados en desarrollar su vocabulario activo, así que 大多数英语学习者更感兴趣于发展他们的主动词汇,因此

in the rest of this lesson, we'll focus on specific techniques you can use to build en el resto de esta lección, nos enfocaremos en técnicas específicas que puedes usar para construir

your active vocabulary in English. tu vocabulario activo en inglés.

Let's start with a very important and powerful idea. |||||||poderosa| Beginnen wir mit einem sehr wichtigen und wirkungsvollen Gedanken. Empecemos con una idea muy importante y poderosa.

Here's a question: what is vocabulary? Hier eine Frage: Was ist Vokabular? Aquí hay una pregunta: ¿qué es el vocabulario?

Did you say ‘words'? ¿Dijiste 'palabras'?

Many people think that ‘vocabulary equals words'. |||||es igual a| Muchas personas piensan que 'vocabulario es igual a palabras'.

Of course, words are part of vocabulary, but they're only a part. ||||||词汇||||| Por supuesto, las palabras son parte del vocabulario, pero son solo una parte.

Vocabulary also includes collocations, phrases, and even full sentences. ||||||até||frases El vocabulario también incluye colocaciones, frases e incluso oraciones completas.

Even when you're learning words, you rarely need single words when you're speaking. Selbst wenn man Wörter lernt, braucht man beim Sprechen selten einzelne Wörter. Incluso cuando estás aprendiendo palabras, rara vez necesitas palabras sueltas cuando hablas.

You need to combine the words into phrases and sentences if you want to use them. ||||||em||||||||| |||combinar|||||||||||| Necesitas combinar las palabras en frases y oraciones si quieres utilizarlas.

So, it makes sense to learn vocabulary in the same way: learn phrases, combinations ||faz|sentido|||||||||| Así que tiene sentido aprender vocabulario de la misma manera: aprender frases, combinaciones

and sentences, because this is what you need when you're speaking and writing. |as frases||||||||||| y oraciones, porque esto es lo que necesitas cuando hablas y escribes.

Let's do an example. Hagamos un ejemplo.

Imagine that you see the word challenge and you want to know what it means. Imagina que ves la palabra desafío y quieres saber qué significa.

So, you look it up and find the meaning. ||||||||significado Entonces, la buscas y encuentras el significado.

Next, your goal is to write five sentences using the word challenge. |||||||||||desafio Als Nächstes ist es Ihr Ziel, fünf Sätze zu schreiben, in denen das Wort Herausforderung vorkommt. A continuación, tu objetivo es escribir cinco oraciones usando la palabra desafío.

Each sentence should be different, and each sentence should mean something to you. Jeder Satz sollte anders sein, und jeder Satz sollte etwas für Sie bedeuten. Cada oración debe ser diferente y cada oración debe significar algo para ti.

Try to write things which relate to your life, your feelings and your thoughts. |||||se relacionen|||||||| Versuchen Sie, Dinge zu schreiben, die sich auf Ihr Leben, Ihre Gefühle und Ihre Gedanken beziehen. Intenta escribir cosas que se relacionen con tu vida, tus sentimientos y tus pensamientos.

You can (and should) also try to use different forms of the word, like the adjective challenging. ||||||||||||||||desafiante Sie können (und sollten) auch versuchen, verschiedene Formen des Wortes zu verwenden, wie das Adjektiv anspruchsvoll. También puedes (y deberías) intentar usar diferentes formas de la palabra, como el adjetivo desafiante.

You should also research other examples before you write yours. Sie sollten auch andere Beispiele recherchieren, bevor Sie Ihr eigenes schreiben. También deberías investigar otros ejemplos antes de escribir el tuyo.

Look for common collocations—word combinations—with the word you want to learn. Suchen Sie nach häufigen Kollokationen - Wortkombinationen - mit dem Wort, das Sie lernen möchten. Busca combinaciones de palabras comunes—colocaciones—con la palabra que deseas aprender.

For example, what adjectives are commonly used with the word challenge? |||comunes||||||| Por ejemplo, ¿qué adjetivos se utilizan comúnmente con la palabra desafío?

Think about it. Überlegen Sie es sich. Piénsalo.

What phrases or sentences could you write with this word? Welche Ausdrücke oder Sätze könnten Sie mit diesem Wort schreiben? ¿Qué frases o oraciones podrías escribir con esta palabra?

We'll give you an example, but remember that you should make your own examples, because Wir geben Ihnen ein Beispiel, aber denken Sie daran, dass Sie Ihre eigenen Beispiele machen sollten, denn Te daremos un ejemplo, pero recuerda que debes hacer tus propios ejemplos, porque

they should be personal to you. sie sollten für Sie persönlich sein. deben ser personales para ti.

Here are five possible sentences: Hier sind fünf mögliche Sätze: Aquí hay cinco oraciones posibles:

I'm bored at work. |entediado|| Ich langweile mich bei der Arbeit. Estoy aburrido en el trabajo.

I need a new challenge. ||||desafio ||||reto nuevo Ich brauche eine neue Herausforderung. Necesito un nuevo desafío.

Teaching teenagers is fun, but it can be very challenging. 教导||||||||| |||||||||desafiador |los adolescentes||||||||desafiante Teenager zu unterrichten macht Spaß, kann aber auch eine große Herausforderung sein. Enseñar a los adolescentes es divertido, pero puede ser muy desafiante.

Running a full marathon was one of the biggest challenges I've ever faced. ||||||||||||enfrentado |||maratón|||||||||enfrentado Einen kompletten Marathon zu laufen war eine der größten Herausforderungen, denen ich mich je gestellt habe. Correr un maratón completo fue uno de los mayores desafíos a los que me he enfrentado.

I set myself a challenge last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level. |me impuse||||||||||||equivalente nativo| Letztes Jahr habe ich mir eine Herausforderung gestellt: Ich wollte Deutsch auf muttersprachlichem Niveau lernen. Me planteé un desafío el año pasado: aprender alemán a un nivel equivalente al de un nativo.

My sister is a really determined person; she's not someone who'll run away from a challenge. ||||||||||que enfrentará|huye|||| Meine Schwester ist eine sehr entschlossene Person; sie ist niemand, der vor einer Herausforderung davonläuft. Mi hermana es una persona realmente decidida; no es alguien que huya de un desafío.

We'll say it again, because it's the most important point here: whatever you write should |||||||||||lo que sea||| Wir wiederholen es noch einmal, denn das ist der wichtigste Punkt: Was immer Sie schreiben, sollte Lo diremos de nuevo, porque es el punto más importante aquí: lo que escribas debería

be personal to you. für Sie persönlich sein. ser personal para ti.

Don't write a sentence about your sister if you don't have a sister. Schreiben Sie keinen Satz über Ihre Schwester, wenn Sie keine Schwester haben. No escribas una oración sobre tu hermana si no tienes hermana.

Don't say something about your sister which isn't true. ||||||||verdadero Sagen Sie nichts über Ihre Schwester, was nicht der Wahrheit entspricht. No digas algo sobre tu hermana que no sea cierto.

Make it true, and make it personal. Machen Sie es wahr, und machen Sie es persönlich. Hazlo cierto y hazlo personal.

If it's personal to you, you'll remember it. Wenn es für Sie persönlich ist, werden Sie es nicht vergessen. Si es personal para ti, lo recordarás.

If it isn't, you'll forget it. ||||olvidarás| Si no lo es, lo olvidarás.

Simple, right? simple ¿verdad| Simple, ¿verdad?

At this point, there's one more important thing you should do. En este punto, hay una cosa más importante que debes hacer.

Ask a teacher, a native speaker or a friend who's very good at English to check your |||||hablante nativo||||||||||| Bitten Sie einen Lehrer, einen Muttersprachler oder einen Freund, der sehr gut Englisch spricht, Ihre Texte zu überprüfen. Pide a un profesor, a un hablante nativo o a un amigo que sea muy bueno en inglés que revise tus

sentences. oraciones.

You want to make sure you're learning your new vocabulary correctly, and you need feedback ||||||||||correctamente|||| Sie wollen sichergehen, dass Sie Ihre neuen Vokabeln richtig lernen, und Sie brauchen Feedback Quieres asegurarte de que estás aprendiendo tu nuevo vocabulario correctamente, y necesitas retroalimentación.

to do that. hacer eso.

You can also see that writing sentences like this lets you learn several useful phrases ||||||||||||varias|útiles|frases útiles |||||||||permite||||| Sie können auch sehen, dass Sie durch das Schreiben solcher Sätze mehrere nützliche Ausdrücke lernen können También puedes ver que escribir oraciones como esta te permite aprender varias frases útiles

at one time. en|una vez| a la vez.

For example, here you have the collocations a new challenge, to face a challenge, a big |||||||||un nuevo reto|||||| Hier gibt es zum Beispiel die Kollokationen eine neue Herausforderung, sich einer Herausforderung stellen, eine große Por ejemplo, aquí tienes las colocaciones un nuevo desafío, enfrentarse a un desafío, un gran

challenge, to set (yourself) a challenge, and run away from a challenge. Herausforderung, sich (selbst) eine Herausforderung stellen und vor einer Herausforderung davonlaufen. desafío, proponerte un desafío, y huir de un desafío.

So, if you follow this strategy, you won't just learn one word, like challenge. Wenn Sie diese Strategie verfolgen, werden Sie nicht nur ein Wort lernen, wie z. B. Herausforderung. Así que, si sigues esta estrategia, no solo aprenderás una palabra, como desafío.

You'll learn several words and phrases together, in a natural way. ||||||juntos|||| Aprenderás varias palabras y frases juntas, de una manera natural.

Remember that this strategy is personal on both sides: you're starting with words that ||||||||dos lados||||| Recuerda que esta estrategia es personal de ambas partes: comienzas con palabras que

are meaningful to you personally, and then you're learning those words by writing examples |significativas|||pessoalmente|||||||através de|| |significativas|||||||||||| tienen un significado personal para ti, y luego aprendes esas palabras escribiendo ejemplos.

which are also meaningful to you personally. |||significativas||| die auch für Sie persönlich von Bedeutung sind. que también son significativos para ti personalmente.

Yes, this needs work, and it might be very different from what you do now. Ja, daran muss gearbeitet werden, und es könnte ganz anders sein als das, was Sie jetzt tun. Sí, esto necesita trabajo, y podría ser muy diferente de lo que haces ahora.

However, if you want an effective way to learn and remember vocabulary, this is it. |||||efectiva||||||||| Wenn Sie jedoch eine effektive Methode zum Lernen und Einprägen von Vokabeln suchen, ist dies die richtige. Sin embargo, si quieres una forma efectiva de aprender y recordar vocabulario, esto es lo que necesitas.

If you do things this way, nothing is abstract and nothing is boring. Si haces las cosas de esta manera, nada es abstracto y nada es aburrido.

Your brain will remember what you learn because it's relevant to you, your life and your ||recordará||||||||||||| Tu cerebro recordará lo que aprendes porque es relevante para ti, tu vida y tus

feelings. sentimientos Gefühle. sentimientos.

However, if you're trying to learn a lot of vocabulary, it's also important to review 然而|||||||||||||| Wenn Sie jedoch versuchen, viele Vokabeln zu lernen, ist es auch wichtig, die Sin embargo, si estás tratando de aprender mucho vocabulario, también es importante repasar

what you've learned regularly. |||regularmente was Sie gelernt haben, regelmäßig. lo que has aprendido regularmente.

Regular review helps to keep vocabulary fresh in your mind, which will help you to remember ||ayuda|||||||mente|||||| El repaso regular ayuda a mantener el vocabulario fresco en tu mente, lo que te ayudará a recordar

the words and phrases you need when you're speaking or writing in English. las palabras y frases que necesitas cuando hablas o escribes en inglés.

Let's look at the most effective ways to review your vocabulary. Veamos las formas más efectivas de repasar tu vocabulario.

If you have a lot of English vocabulary to review and remember, it's a big, complex |||||||||||||||complejo Wenn Sie viele englische Vokabeln wiederholen und sich merken müssen, ist das eine große, komplexe Si tienes mucho vocabulario en inglés para repasar y recordar, es algo grande y complejo.

job. trabajo.

But, we have good news! ¡Pero tenemos buenas noticias!

There are several free tools and apps which can make this easy. 有||||||||||| ||||herramientas||||||| Es gibt mehrere kostenlose Tools und Apps, die dies erleichtern können. Hay varias herramientas y aplicaciones gratuitas que pueden facilitar esto.

You need a digital flashcard app. ||||tarjeta digital| Sie brauchen eine digitale Lernkartei-App. Necesitas una aplicación de tarjetas de memoria digital.

These apps are designed to help you memorise and review large amounts of information. Diese Apps sollen Ihnen helfen, sich große Mengen an Informationen zu merken und zu überprüfen. Estas aplicaciones están diseñadas para ayudarte a memorizar y repasar grandes cantidades de información.

Two of the most popular are Anki and Quizlet. ||||||||Quizlet ||||||Anki|| Dos de las más populares son Anki y Quizlet.

You can find links below the video. Puedes encontrar enlaces debajo del video.

We aren't recommending any particular product or company, but many students have used both ||推荐||||||||||| No estamos recomendando ningún producto o empresa en particular, pero muchos estudiantes han utilizado ambos

of these with good results. ||||resultados con buenos resultados.

We hear that Quizlet is a little easier to use, while Anki is more powerful and has more Escuchamos que Quizlet es un poco más fácil de usar, mientras que Anki es más potente y tiene más

options, but is also more complex. opciones, pero también es más complejo.

Try both, or find another program, and see what works for you. |||||programa|||||| Prueba ambos, o encuentra otro programa, y ve qué funciona para ti.

All of these programs work in the same way: they allow you to set questions for yourself. Alle diese Programme funktionieren auf dieselbe Weise: Sie ermöglichen es Ihnen, Fragen an sich selbst zu stellen.

You create a card with a question and an answer.

You can write whatever you want for the question and the answer. Sie können für die Frage und die Antwort schreiben, was Sie wollen.

After you see a question and the answer, you decide if the question was easy or difficult

for you.

If the question is easy, the app will ask you again after a longer period.

If the question is difficult, the app will ask you the same question again after a shorter

period, maybe even the same day.

This is very effective, because it allows you to focus more on the things you don't

know, and it doesn't waste your time reviewing things you already know well.

You can often download packs of questions that other people have made, but you should ||||pacotes||||||||||

make your own questions, using your own, personalised example sentences. |||||||个性化的|| |||||||personalizado||

Let's see how.

Look at the five sentences we wrote before to learn the word challenge:

Let's make five questions from these five sentences.

Question: I'm bored at work. ||entediado|| Frage: Ich langweile mich bei der Arbeit.

I need ________. Ich brauche .

Answer: I'm bored at work. Antwort: Ich langweile mich bei der Arbeit.

I need a new challenge.

Question: Teaching teenagers is fun, but _________ Answer: Teaching teenagers is fun, but it

can be very challenging.

Question: I ________ last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level.

Answer: I set myself a challenge last year: to learn German to a native-equivalent level. Antwort: Ich habe mir letztes Jahr eine Herausforderung gestellt: Ich wollte Deutsch auf muttersprachlichem Niveau lernen.

Question: Running a full marathon was _________ Answer: Running a full marathon was one of

the biggest challenges I've ever faced. die größten Herausforderungen, denen ich mich je gestellt habe.

Question: My sister is a really determined person; ________.

Answer: My sister is a really determined person; she's not someone who'll run away from

a challenge.

Can you see what's going on here? Können Sie sehen, was hier vor sich geht?

The questions are getting progressively more difficult. |||ficando|progressivamente|| Die Fragen werden immer schwieriger.

For the first question, you only have to remember three words: a new challenge. Für die erste Frage müssen Sie sich nur drei Wörter merken: eine neue Herausforderung.

For the fifth question, you need to remember a whole clause. ||quinta||||||||uma frase Bei der fünften Frage müssen Sie sich einen ganzen Satz merken.

After you've made your questions, what next? Nachdem Sie Ihre Fragen gestellt haben, was nun?

Review your vocabulary cards or questions every day. Überprüfen Sie Ihre Vokabelkarten oder Fragen jeden Tag.

We recommend you install Anki, Quizlet or whatever you use on your phone.

This way, you can review vocabulary when you have nothing else to do, for example on the

subway or during your lunch break.

Try to use your app and review vocabulary every day, but don't overload yourself. ||||||||||||sobrecarregue| Versuchen Sie, Ihre App zu nutzen und täglich Vokabeln zu wiederholen, aber überfordern Sie sich nicht.

Limit the number of new questions or cards you see each day. Begrenzen Sie die Anzahl der neuen Fragen oder Karten, die Sie jeden Tag sehen.

Five new questions per day is a good target. ||||||||meta Fünf neue Fragen pro Tag sind ein gutes Ziel.

Again, this takes quite a lot of work. Auch dies ist mit viel Arbeit verbunden.

You might think, “Do I really have to do all this just to remember one word?” Vielleicht denken Sie: "Muss ich das wirklich alles tun, nur um mir ein Wort zu merken?"

Let me ask you some questions in return: do you want to really build your English vocabulary? Lassen Sie mich Ihnen im Gegenzug einige Fragen stellen: Wollen Sie Ihren englischen Wortschatz wirklich erweitern?

Do you want to remember new English words that you study? Wollen Sie sich neue englische Wörter, die Sie lernen, merken?

Do you want to learn to use new English vocabulary? Möchten Sie neue englische Vokabeln lernen?

If you answered ‘yes', ‘yes', and ‘yes', then this is how. Wenn Sie mit "Ja", "Ja" und "Ja" geantwortet haben, dann wissen Sie wie.

It takes time and effort, but it also works. Das kostet Zeit und Mühe, aber es funktioniert auch.

Let's review the steps you need to take: Gehen wir noch einmal die Schritte durch, die Sie unternehmen müssen:

One: choose words which are useful and meaningful to you personally; don't learn big lists Erstens: Wählen Sie Wörter aus, die für Sie persönlich nützlich und sinnvoll sind; lernen Sie keine großen Listen

of words, and don't learn words which you won't use.

Two: decide if you want to just understand a word, or if you want to use it.

Use different vocabulary-learning techniques depending on what you want.

Three: if you want to add words to your active vocabulary, then write 3-5 example sentences,

using the new word.

The sentences should be relevant to you, your life, your thoughts and your feelings. Die Sätze sollten für Sie, Ihr Leben, Ihre Gedanken und Ihre Gefühle relevant sein.

Four: get feedback on your example sentences, from a teacher or friend, to make sure you're

using your new vocabulary correctly.

Five: add your example sentences to a digital flashcard app like Quizlet or Anki.

Make questions of different difficulty, so that some questions are easier and some are

harder.

Six: use your digital flashcard app daily, or as often as you can!

Follow these steps and your English vocabulary will increase, you'll remember new words Befolgen Sie diese Schritte und Ihr englischer Wortschatz wird sich vergrößern, Sie werden sich neue Wörter merken

in English, and you'll be able to use the new English words you learn.

Want to see more free lessons like this?

Check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

Thanks for watching!

See you next time!