The Awakening of Europe, 07. An Historic Scene

07. An Historic Scene

"Europe's eye is fixed on mighty things, The fall of empires and the fate of kings. " —BURNS. The great movement known as the Reformation now swept through Europe. Gradually the conflict, begun in Germany between Luther and the Pope, passed into England, Scotland, Sweden, Denmark, and the Netherlands. Throughout the long vexed reign of the Emperor Charles V. this war of religion raged fiercely, intolerantly. Those who followed Luther were known as the Protestants, or those who protested against the power of the Pope, while those who acknowledged the supreme power of Rome were Roman Catholics.

In the year 1530 a religious peace was made at Augsburg. Though Martin Luther was not allowed to appear, he helped to draw up twenty-eight articles of the faith professed by the Protestants.

Luther passed to his rest, but his followers carried on the conflict. Twenty-six years after the Diet of Worms Charles the emperor was at Wittenberg. He asked to see the tomb of Martin Luther. As he stood gazing at it, full of many thoughts, some one suggested that the body should be taken up, tied to a stake, and burned in the market-place of the town. There was nothing unusual in the suggestion. Most heretics were burned in those days. They thought to please the emperor, but Charles was "one of nature's gentlemen. " "I war not with the dead," he answered quietly. But the troubles and toils of a long reign had already begun to tell on the emperor, and he determined to lay down a burden which he was no longer fitted to bear. The 25th of October 1555 was fixed for the great abdication of this mighty emperor. It was to take place in the palace at Brussels, the Court residence of the emperor in the Netherlands. His beloved son Philip was to succeed him.

Long before the appointed hour crowds had filled the historic palace. The wealth of the Netherlands was there. There were the knights of the famous Order of the Golden Fleece; there was the flower of Flemish chivalry—bishops, counts, barons, representatives from all the emperor's vast empire. As the clock struck three the hero of the whole scene arrived. "Cæsar," as he was more often called, in the classic language of the day, came in leaning heavily on the shoulder of William of Orange, the man who was to play such a large part in the story of the Netherlands. They were followed by Philip, and accompanied by an immense throng of glittering Spanish warriors. Here stood Count Egmont, the idol of the people, whose victories were to resound through Europe, tall, gallant, ill-fated. Here, too, was Count Horn, sullen and gloomy, though as yet ignorant of his coming tragedy.

The whole company rose to their feet as the emperor entered, and all eyes were directed towards him and his young son. Charles himself, though not yet fifty-six, was bent with old age, crippled with gout, worn with anxiety. It was with some difficulty that he supported himself even with the aid of a crutch. Philip, his son, had the same broad forehead and blue eyes of his father; but he was very small, with thin legs, a narrow chest, and the timid air of an invalid. He had been married but a year since to Mary of England, a valuable alliance to this great empire which was now passing into his weak hands.

Presently the emperor rose, supporting himself upon the shoulder of a handsome young man of two-and-twenty. Then he spoke to the vast throng before him. He sketched shortly his wars, his nine expeditions into Germany, six to Spain, seven to Italy, four to France, two to England, ten to the Netherlands, two to Africa, and eleven voyages by sea. He assured his subjects that he had striven to uphold the Roman Catholic religion. They knew of his lifelong opposition to Martin Luther. Now he told them life was ebbing away. Instead of an old man whose strength was past, they should have a young man in the prime of his youthful manhood to rule over them. Turning to the fair-haired son at his side, he bequeathed to him the magnificent empire, begging him to prove himself worthy of so great an inheritance. He entreated the nations under him to help in the colossal task of putting down the Protestants in the empire; then, beseeching them to pardon his own shortcomings, he ceased.

Sobs were heard in every part of the hall, and tears flowed from many eyes, as the old emperor sank back, pale and fainting, into his golden chair. The tears poured freely down his furrowed cheeks as Philip dropped on his knees and kissed his hand with reverence. Raising his son, he kissed him tenderly.

So the curtain fell for ever upon the mightiest emperor since the days of Charlemagne, and when it rose again Philip had begun the long and tremendous tragedy which lasted till his death.

07. An Historic Scene ||Scene one 07. Ein historischer Schauplatz 07. An Historic Scene 07. Une scène historique 07. Una scena storica 07.歴史的な光景 07. Scena historyczna 07. Uma Cena Histórica 07. Историческая сцена 07. Історична сцена 07. 历史场景 07. 歷史場景

"Europe’s eye is fixed on mighty things, The fall of empires and the fate of kings. ||||||||||帝国||||| |||||powerful|||||||||| ヨーロッパの||||||||||||||| «Взгляд Европы устремлен на могущественные дела, Падение империй и судьбы королей. “欧洲的目光聚焦于强大的事物、帝国的衰落和国王的命运。 " —BURNS. 燃烧 The great movement known as the Reformation now swept through Europe. ||运动||||||席卷而来|| ||||||Reformation movement|||| Теперь по Европе прокатилось великое движение, известное как Реформация. Великий рух, відомий як Реформація, тепер охопив Європу. Gradually the conflict, begun in Germany between Luther and the Pope, passed into England, Scotland, Sweden, Denmark, and the Netherlands. ||||||之间||||||||||丹麦||| ||||||||||the Pope||||||||| 这场始于德国的路德与教皇之间的冲突逐渐蔓延到英格兰、苏格兰、瑞典、丹麦和荷兰。 Throughout the long vexed reign of the Emperor Charles V. this war of religion raged fiercely, intolerantly. ||||||||||||||||нетерпимо |||troubled|||||||||||||without tolerance |||烦恼的|||||||||||||不宽容地 ||漫长的|烦恼的|||||||||||肆虐|激烈地|不宽容地 |||сповнений тривог||||||||||||лютo|нетерпимо |||zoufalém||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||非寛容に在查理五世皇帝漫长而痛苦的统治期间，这场宗教战争激烈而不容忍地持续着。 Those who followed Luther were known as the Protestants, or those who protested against the power of the Pope, while those who acknowledged the supreme power of Rome were Roman Catholics. ||||||||新教徒||||抗议||||||||||承认||至高无上的||||||罗马天主教徒 ||||||||Protestants||||||||||Roman Catholic leader||||recognized|||||||| ||||||||プロテスタント|||||||||||||||||||||| 追随路德的人被称为新教徒，或那些抗议教皇权力的人，而承认罗马最高权力的人则是罗马天主教徒。

In the year 1530 a religious peace was made at Augsburg. |||||||||Augsburg 1530 yılında Augsburg'da dini bir barış yapıldı. 1530年，在奥格斯堡达成了一项宗教和平。 Though Martin Luther was not allowed to appear, he helped to draw up twenty-eight articles of the faith professed by the Protestants. |||||||||||||||||||宣称||| |||||||||||||||||||declared|||Protestant faith Хотя Мартину Лютеру не разрешили выступать, он помог составить двадцать восемь статей веры, исповедуемой протестантами. Martin Luther'in sahneye çıkmasına izin verilmemesine rağmen, Protestanlar tarafından kabul edilen yirmi sekiz inanç maddesinin hazırlanmasına yardımcı olmuştur. 尽管马丁·路德未被允许出席，但他帮助起草了二十八篇信仰条款，这些条款是新教徒所宣称的。

Luther passed to his rest, but his followers carried on the conflict. |去世|||安息||||||| Lutero andò a riposare, ma i suoi seguaci continuarono il conflitto. ルターは休息を取りましたが、彼の追随者たちは争いを続けました。 Лютер ушел на покой, но его последователи продолжили борьбу. Luther dinlenmeye çekildi ama takipçileri çatışmayı sürdürdü. 路德安息了，但他的追随者们继续进行了斗争。 Twenty-six years after the Diet of Worms Charles the emperor was at Wittenberg. |||||Diet of Worms|||||||| 沃尔姆斯议会召开二十六年后，查理皇帝在维滕贝格。在沃尔姆斯会议之后的二十六年，查理皇帝来到维腾贝格。 He asked to see the tomb of Martin Luther. |||||墓碑||| 他请求查看马丁·路德的墓。 As he stood gazing at it, full of many thoughts, some one suggested that the body should be taken up, tied to a stake, and burned in the market-place of the town. |||凝视||||||||||||||是|抬起|||||桩子||||||||| |||вдивляючись||||||||||||||||||||кіл||||||||| 彼がそれをじっと見つめていると、多くの考えに満ちて、ある人は、体を取り上げ、杭に縛り付け、町の市場で燃やすべきだと提案しました。当他站在那里凝视着这具尸体时，心里充满了许多想法，有人建议应该将尸体抬起来，绑在木桩上，然后在镇上的市场上烧掉。当他站在那里凝视着 tomb，心中充满了许多思绪时，有人建议应该把尸体挖出来，绑在桩子上，在城镇的市场上火烧。 There was nothing unusual in the suggestion. ||||||建议提案には異常なことは何もありませんでした。这个建议并没有什么特别之处。 Most heretics were burned in those days. |异教徒||||| |異端者||||| |异教徒||||| They thought to please the emperor, but Charles was "one of nature’s gentlemen. " |||||||||||自然的| 彼らは皇帝を喜ばせようと思ったが、チャールズは「自然の紳士の一人」だった。 Они думали угодить императору, но Карл был «одним из джентльменов природы». 他们想取悦皇帝，但查尔斯是“天生的绅士”。 "I war not with the dead," he answered quietly. |válčím||||||| 「私は死者と戦わない」と彼は静かに答えた。 «Я не воюю с мертвыми», - тихо ответил он. “我没有与死者作战，”他静静地回答。 But the troubles and toils of a long reign had already begun to tell on the emperor, and he determined to lay down a burden which he was no longer fitted to bear. ||||劳苦|||||||||显现||||||||放下|||负担||||||适合的||承担 ||||struggles|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||劳累|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||труднощі|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||трудности|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Но невзгоды и труды долгого правления уже начали сказываться на императоре, и он решил переложить бремя, на которое он больше не был способен. Ancak uzun bir saltanatın sıkıntıları ve zahmetleri imparatoru çoktan etkilemeye başlamıştı ve artık taşıyamayacağı bir yükü bırakmaya karar verdi. 但长期统治的烦恼和劳苦已经开始影响皇帝，他决定放下他不再适合承担的重担。但是长期统治的烦恼和劳累已经开始显露在皇帝身上，他决定放下一个他已不再适合承担的负担。 The 25th of October 1555 was fixed for the great abdication of this mighty emperor. |||||||||退位|||| |||||||||resignation|||powerful| |||||||||зречення престолу|||| |||||||||отречение|||| 1555年10月25日被定为这位伟大皇帝的盛大退位仪式。 It was to take place in the palace at Brussels, the Court residence of the emperor in the Netherlands. |||||||宫殿||布鲁塞尔||宫廷|住所|||||| Он должен был проходить во дворце в Брюсселе, придворной резиденции императора в Нидерландах. 退位仪式将在布鲁塞尔的皇宫举行，这是皇帝在荷兰的法院官邸。 His beloved son Philip was to succeed him. ||||||následovat| |心爱的|||||继承|他彼の最愛の息子フィリップは彼の後を継ぐことになっていた。 Его любимый сын Филипп должен был стать его преемником. 他心爱的儿子菲利普将继承他的王位。

Long before the appointed hour crowds had filled the historic palace. 长|||指定的|小时|人群||填满||| 決められた時間のずっと前に、群衆は歴史的な宮殿を満たしていました。在约定的时间之前，历史悠久的宫殿里已人山人海。 The wealth of the Netherlands was there. Там было богатство Нидерландов. 荷兰的财富汇聚于此。 There were the knights of the famous Order of the Golden Fleece; there was the flower of Flemish chivalry—bishops, counts, barons, representatives from all the emperor’s vast empire. ||||||||||||||||||рыцарство Фланд|||бароны||||||| |||||||||||Fleece|||||||knightly honor|the bishops||nobility||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||男爵||||||| |||||||骑士团||||羊毛||||花|||骑士精神||伯爵|男爵||||||| ||||||||||||||||||лицарство|||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||男爵||||||| Ali estavam os cavaleiros da famosa Ordem do Tosão de Ouro; ali estava a flor da cavalaria flamenga - bispos, condes, barões, representantes de todo o vasto império do imperador. 有著名的金羊毛骑士团的骑士们；还有弗拉芒骑士的精英——主教、伯爵、男爵，以及来自皇帝庞大帝国的代表。 As the clock struck three the hero of the whole scene arrived. ||||||英雄||||| ||||||||||event| "Cæsar," as he was more often called, in the classic language of the day, came in leaning heavily on the shoulder of William of Orange, the man who was to play such a large part in the story of the Netherlands. |||||常||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||support|||||||||||||||||||| 「Cæsar」は、当時の古典言語でよく呼ばれるように、オランダの物語でこれほど大きな役割を演じることになったウィリアム・オブ・オレンジの肩に大きく寄りかかってやって来ました。在当时的经典语言中，他更常被称为“凯撒”，他沉重地靠在奥兰治的威廉的肩膀上，他在荷兰的故事中扮演了如此重要的角色。 They were followed by Philip, and accompanied by an immense throng of glittering Spanish warriors. ||||||||||人群||闪亮的|| ||||||||||crowd||shining|| |||||||||величезний|натовп||блискучих|| ||||||||||||||воинов Here stood Count Egmont, the idol of the people, whose victories were to resound through Europe, tall, gallant, ill-fated. |||||||||||||греметь|||||| |||Count Egmont||hero||||||||echo throughout||||||ill-fated |||埃格蒙特||偶像|||||||||||||| |||||偶像||||||||响彻||||英俊||不幸 |||||||||||||||||відважний|| |||エグモント||||||||||響く|||||| Aqui estava o Conde Egmont, o ídolo do povo, cujas vitórias iriam ressoar pela Europa, alto, galante, malfadado. Here, too, was Count Horn, sullen and gloomy, though as yet ignorant of his coming tragedy. |||||阴沉|||||||||| |||||похмурий||похмурий|||||||| |||||||阴郁|||||||| ここにも、ホーン伯爵が不機嫌で憂鬱でしたが、彼の悲劇についてはまだ知らなかったのです。霍恩伯爵也在这里，他阴郁而阴郁，尽管他还不知道自己即将到来的悲剧。

The whole company rose to their feet as the emperor entered, and all eyes were directed towards him and his young son. |||||||||||||||朝向|||||| 当皇帝进来时，全队人都站了起来，所有的目光都集中在他和他的小儿子身上。 Charles himself, though not yet fifty-six, was bent with old age, crippled with gout, worn with anxiety. ||||||||||||||подагра||| ||||||||||||||gout disease||| ||||||||||||||痛风||| ||||||||弯曲||||残疾||痛风|疲惫的|| ||||||||||||||подагра||| ||||||||||||||痛風||| チャールズ自身はまだ56歳ではありませんが、老年期に曲がり、痛風で不自由になり、不安で身に着けていました。查尔斯本人虽然还不到五十六岁，但已因衰老而弯曲，因痛风而残疾，因焦虑而憔悴。 It was with some difficulty that he supported himself even with the aid of a crutch. |||||||||||||||berlí ||||||||||||援助|||拐杖 |||||||||||||||Krücke |||||||||||||||walking aid |||||||||||||||拐杖彼が松葉杖の助けを借りても自分を支えたのは少し困難でした。即使拄着拐杖，他也很难支撑自己。即使在拐杖的帮助下，他独自支撑自己也非常困难。 Philip, his son, had the same broad forehead and blue eyes of his father; but he was very small, with thin legs, a narrow chest, and the timid air of an invalid. |||||||额头||||||||||||||||||||胆怯的|气质||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||scheue|||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||sickly person |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||病人他的儿子菲利普与父亲有着同样宽阔的额头和蓝色的眼睛；但他非常矮小，腿部纤细，胸部狭窄，带着病人的胆怯气息。 He had been married but a year since to Mary of England, a valuable alliance to this great empire which was now passing into his weak hands. 彼は結婚していたが、メアリー1世との結婚から一年が経ち、この偉大な帝国との貴重な同盟が今や彼の弱い手に渡っていた。他与来自英格兰的玛丽结婚才一年，这是对这个即将落入他薄弱手中的伟大帝国的宝贵联盟。

Presently the emperor rose, supporting himself upon the shoulder of a handsome young man of two-and-twenty. 目前|||站起|扶着||||||||||||| |||підвівся|||||||||||||| |||||||||||英俊的|||||| 現在、皇帝は立ち上がって、二十二十歳のハンサムな青年の肩で自分を支えました。不久，皇帝站了起来，靠在一个两岁二十岁的英俊年轻人的肩膀上。随后皇帝站了起来，靠在一个二十二岁英俊年轻男子的肩膀上。 Then he spoke to the vast throng before him. ||||||人群|| ||||||crowd of people|| 然后他对面前的浩大人群说道。 He sketched shortly his wars, his nine expeditions into Germany, six to Spain, seven to Italy, four to France, two to England, ten to the Netherlands, two to Africa, and eleven voyages by sea. |勾勒|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||military campaigns|||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||遠征|||||||||||||||||||||||||| |简要地叙述|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| 彼は間もなく戦争、ドイツへの9回の遠征、スペインへの6回、イタリアへの7回、フランスへの4回、イギリスへの2回、オランダへの10回、アフリカへの2回、そして海上での11回の航海をスケッチしました。 Він коротко описав свої війни, свої дев’ять експедицій до Німеччини, шість до Іспанії, сім до Італії, чотири до Франції, дві до Англії, десять до Нідерландів, дві до Африки та одинадцять подорожей морем. 他简要地勾勒了他的战争，九次远征德国，六次远征西班牙，七次远征意大利，四次远征法国，二次远征英国，十次远征荷兰，二次远征非洲，以及十一趟海上航行。 He assured his subjects that he had striven to uphold the Roman Catholic religion. |||||||старался|||||| |||||||worked hard||maintain|||| |||||||努力|||||| |||||||努力|||||| |запевнив||||||прагнув|||||| |||||||尽くした|||||| Assegurou aos seus súbditos que se tinha esforçado por defender a religião católica romana. Он заверил своих подданных, что старался поддерживать римско-католическую религию. Він запевняв своїх підданих, що прагнув підтримувати римо-католицьку релігію. 他向他的臣民保证，他一直努力维护罗马天主教宗教。 They knew of his lifelong opposition to Martin Luther. Вони знали про його опозицію до Мартіна Лютера протягом усього життя. 他们知道他一生反对马丁·路德。他们知道他终生反对马丁·路德。 Now he told them life was ebbing away. ||||生命||逐渐消退|逐渐消逝 ||||||flowing out| ||||||згасає| ||||||流逝| 现在他告诉他们生命正在流逝。 Instead of an old man whose strength was past, they should have a young man in the prime of his youthful manhood to rule over them. 而不是|||||||||||||||||||||成年期|||| ||||||||||||||||||||vibrant||||| ||||||||||||||||||||молодий|молоде чоловіцтво|||| ||||||||过去的|||||||||巅峰|||年轻|成年|||| Al posto di un uomo anziano, la cui forza era passata, avrebbero dovuto avere un giovane nel fiore della sua giovinezza a governare su di loro. 力が過ぎ去った老人の代わりに、彼らは彼らを支配するために彼の若い男らしさの最盛期に若い男を持っているべきです。他们应该有一个正值青春年华的年轻人来统治他们，而不是一个力气过去的老人。他们应该有一个年轻的男子，他正值壮年统治他们，而不是一个力衰老的老人。 Turning to the fair-haired son at his side, he bequeathed to him the magnificent empire, begging him to prove himself worthy of so great an inheritance. ||||||||||left to||||splendid||imploring||||||||||legacy ||||金发的||||||||||宏伟的||||||||||||遗产 ||||||||||vererbte||||||||||||||||Erbe ||||||||||遗赠||||||||||||||||遗产 ||||||||||заповів|||||||||||||||| ||||||||||譲った|||||||||||||||| 彼の側にいる金髪の息子に目を向けると、彼は彼に壮大な帝国を遺贈し、彼に非常に大きな遺産に値することを証明するように頼みました。他转向身边的金发儿子，将宏伟的帝国遗赠给他，请求他证明自己配得上如此伟大的遗产。他转向身边金发的儿子，把这个辉煌的帝国遗赠给他，请求他证明自己配得上如此伟大的遗产。 He entreated the nations under him to help in the colossal task of putting down the Protestants in the empire; then, beseeching them to pardon his own shortcomings, he ceased. |умолял||||||||||||||||||||умоляя||||||недостатки|| |implored|||||||||enormous||||||Protestant groups|||||pleading with||||||||stopped speaking |||||||||||||||||||||恳求|||||||| |恳求||||||||||||镇压||||||||恳求的|||原谅|||||停止了 |благав||||||||||||||||||||благаючи||||||||припинив |||||||||||||||||||||懇願して|||||||| 彼は彼の下にある国々に、プロテスタントを帝国に置くという巨大な任務を手伝うように懇願した。それから、彼自身の欠点を許すように彼らに頼み、彼はやめました。 İmparatorluktaki Protestanları bastırmak gibi devasa bir görevde kendisine yardım etmeleri için emrindeki uluslara yalvardı; sonra kendi kusurlarını bağışlamaları için yalvararak durdu. 他恳求他领导下的国家帮助完成镇压帝国新教徒的艰巨任务。然后，他恳求他们原谅他自己的缺点，然后就停了下来。

Sobs were heard in every part of the hall, and tears flowed from many eyes, as the old emperor sank back, pale and fainting, into his golden chair. 抽泣||听到|||||||||||||||||倒下||||快要晕倒||||椅子 Schluchzen||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Crying sounds|||||||||||||||||||slumped||||losing consciousness|||| I singhiozzi si udirono in ogni parte della sala e le lacrime sgorgarono da molti occhi, mentre il vecchio imperatore si accasciava, pallido e svenuto, sulla sua sedia d'oro. 大厅的各个角落都能听到抽泣声，许多人眼中涌出了泪水，当老皇帝苍白无力地靠在金色的椅子上。 The tears poured freely down his furrowed cheeks as Philip dropped on his knees and kissed his hand with reverence. ||||||皱纹的||||||||||||| ||||||wrinkled|||||||||||||deep respect |||||||||||||||||||повагою |||||||||||||||||||敬意当菲利普跪下恭敬地亲吻他的手时，泪水顺着他布满皱纹的脸颊潸潸而下。 Raising his son, he kissed him tenderly. ||||||温柔地 ||||||with affection ||||||ніжно ||||||温柔地彼は息子を育て、優しくキスした。他抚摸着儿子，温柔地吻着他。

So the curtain fell for ever upon the mightiest emperor since the days of Charlemagne, and when it rose again Philip had begun the long and tremendous tragedy which lasted till his death. ||幕||||||最强大的|||||||||||||||||||||||| ||завіса||||||наймогутнішого|||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||最强大的|||||||||||||||||||||||| 就这样，这位自查理曼时代以来最强大的皇帝的帷幕永远落下，当帷幕再次升起时，腓力开始了一场漫长而巨大的悲剧，一直持续到他去世。