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It`s Okay To Be Smart, The Largest River On Earth Is In The Sky

The Largest River On Earth Is In The Sky

The Amazon rainforest covers 40% of South America, contains nearly 400 billion trees,

and creates one-fifth of our planet's oxygen.

The river basin feeding the mighty Amazon carries one-fifth of Earth's river water

into the Atlantic ocean every day.

This water adds enough mass to the continent that it distorts the gravitational field over

South America.

But the river at the center of this is NOT the biggest river on Earth.

There's one that's even bigger…, but it's invisible, flying around in the sky.

I promise I haven't lost my mind.

[OPEN]

Hey smart people! Joe here.

You can get a clear view of the Amazon basin on Google Earth, but you'd almost never

get a clear view if you were actually in space.

Compared to other parts of Earth, it's always obscured by clouds.

And that's thanks to 400 billion geysers shooting water into the sky.

Not geysers like those… trees!

When pores on leaves open up during photosynthesis, plants also lose a lot of water.

Like what happens when you suck on a straw, this evaporation pulls water from the roots

to the tops of trees, up to 60 meters off the ground.

A large tree in the Amazon can release 1,000 liters of water into the atmosphere every

day.

Altogether, trees in the Amazon basin release 20 billion tons of water, or 20 trillion liters,

each day, enough to fill 8 million Olympic swimming pools… which I'm pretty sure

you can't really picture, but it's true.

Boiling that amount of water would require the energy from more than 30,000 hydroelectric

power plants like China's Three Gorges Dam, the largest in the world.

But trees?

They do it all with the power of the sun.

This living water pump creates a “river in the sky” above the Amazon, stretching

from the ocean to the Andes, that moves even more water than the Amazon river itself, and

the rain this sky river creates is the reason the world's largest rainforest even exists.

But it takes more than water in the air to make rain.

Even in the driest places on Earth, a cubic meter of air contains a million, million,

billion water molecules.

But H2O can't form droplets on its own – ever.

Much like the plants they nourish, raindrops grow from seeds.

At the heart of every raindrop is a tiny impurity, anything from specks of dust, to salt, pollen,

or even chemicals.

Rain seeds give water molecules something to cling to, so they can grow into droplets.

Trillions of these droplets make up every cloud we see, and when they eventually get

big enough and heavy enough, they fall.

So that's rain.

It's water collecting on little islands of floating sky junk and pixie dust.

But why do some places get so much rain and others get so little?

Because not every place on Earth has the same type, or same number, of rain seeds in the

sky.

And that takes us back to the Amazon and all that green stuff.

95% of the of the Amazon's rain seeds are made by the trees and plants that live there.

Along with water vapor, trees in the Amazon release chemicals that act as super-sticky

H2O magnets.

These biogenic volatile organic compounds are how the forest makes its own rain.

The air over the Amazon contains just 300 particles per cubic centimeter, making it

some of the cleanest air on Earth.

It's likely that a couple hundred years ago, before the industrial revolution, most

of Earth's air was that clean, but these days, thanks to pollution, even our cleanest

air elsewhere has 2,000 particles per cubic cm.

And while you might think more particles = more rain, that extra stuff in the sky spreads

the same amount of water across more seeds, and smaller droplets means fewer fall as rain.

If you live in the US – whether it's in Big Sky Montana, or crowded LA – there's

probably less rain now than there was a few hundred years ago, just because of the extra

stuff in the air.

What's SUPER cool is when trees need rain – they release different amounts of rain-attracting

chemicals, seeding more of their own clouds and rain.

As the water released by the trees condenses into clouds, it lowers nearby air pressure.

This creates the winds that drive this river in the sky from the Atlantic all the way to

the Andes.

[NASA Animation here - showing that motion]

Without the Amazon's trees and this continent-wide rain cloud conveyer belt, areas like this

would probably be desert, like other regions at the same latitude.

In school, we learn that rain falls on land, makes its way to the ocean, evaporates, moves

inland and falls again.

But we never hear about this green ocean–the Amazon–filled with living geysers.

Trees around the globe act like great green pumps responsible for 90% of the water that

reaches the atmosphere over the continents.

We don't usually think of weather as a living system, but these hundreds of billions of

trees in the Amazon and elsewhere are an invisible process, more powerful than human engineers

could ever design, yet built all the same by the hands of time and evolution, harnessing

the sun not only to give animals air to breathe, but to move the element that makes life itself

possible.

The Amazon rainforest is often called the “lungs of the planet”, but it feels a

little more like

the heart, don't you think?

Stay curious.

The Largest River On Earth Is In The Sky Der größte Fluss der Erde ist im Himmel El mayor río de la Tierra está en el cielo Il fiume più grande della Terra è nel cielo De grootste rivier op aarde is in de lucht O maior rio da Terra está no céu Самая большая река на Земле находится в небе Dünya Üzerindeki En Büyük Nehir Gökyüzünde Найбільша річка на Землі знаходиться в небі

The Amazon rainforest covers 40% of South America, contains nearly 400 billion trees,

and creates one-fifth of our planet's oxygen.

The river basin feeding the mighty Amazon carries one-fifth of Earth's river water ||drainage area||||||||||| |||供給する|||||||||| ||басейн|||могутній|||||||| ||||||Amazonka|||||Ziemi|rzeka|woda rzeczna Muazzam Amazon'u besleyen nehir havzası, her gün dünyanın nehir suyundan beşte birini Atlantik Okyanusu'na taşır.

into the Atlantic ocean every day.

This water adds enough mass to the continent that it distorts the gravitational field over ||||||||||warps|||| ||||||||||спотворює|||| ||||||||||zniekształca|||| ||||||||||歪める||重力の|| Bu su, kıtaya Güney Amerika üzerinden yerçekimsel alan bozukluğuna yetecek kadar kütle ekler.

South America.

But the river at the center of this is NOT the biggest river on Earth. Ancak bunun merkezindeki nehir dünyadaki en büyük nehir değildir.

There's one that's even bigger…, but it's invisible, flying around in the sky. Daha da büyük olan bir tane var ... ama görünmez, gökyüzünde uçuyor.

I promise I haven't lost my mind. Yemin ederim aklımı kaçırmadım.

[OPEN]

Hey smart people! Joe here. Merhaba zeki insanlar! Joe ben.

You can get a clear view of the Amazon basin on Google Earth, but you'd almost never

get a clear view if you were actually in space.

Compared to other parts of Earth, it's always obscured by clouds. ||||||||隠された|| Amazon dünyanın diğer bölgelerine kıyasla, her zaman bulutlar tarafından gizlenir.

And that's thanks to 400 billion geysers shooting water into the sky. |||||geysers||||| |||||гейзери||||| |||||gejzery||||| |||||間欠泉||||| bunun sebebi gökyüzüne su ateşleyen 400 milyar gayzerlerdir.

Not geysers like those… trees! Bunlar gibi gayzerler değil...Ağaçlar!

When pores on leaves open up during photosynthesis, plants also lose a lot of water. |気孔||||||||||||| Fotosentez sırasında yapraklardaki gözenekler açıldığında, bitkiler çok fazla su kaybederler.

Like what happens when you suck on a straw, this evaporation pulls water from the roots ||||||||||蒸発|引き上げる|||| ||||||||||випаровування||||| Bir samanı emerken olacaklar gibi bu buharlaşma suyu köklerinden ağaçların tepelerine çeker.(Bu 60 metre yükseklere kadar uzanabilir.)

to the tops of trees, up to 60 meters off the ground.

A large tree in the Amazon can release 1,000 liters of water into the atmosphere every ||||||||літрів|||||| Amazon'daki büyük bir ağaç, her gün atmosfere 1000 litre su verebilir.

day.

Altogether, trees in the Amazon basin release 20 billion tons of water, or 20 trillion liters, |||||region|||||||| Amazon havzasındaki ağaçlar toplamda 20 milyar ton ile 20 trilyon litrelerde su serbest bırakıyor.Bu 8 milyon olimpik yüzme havunuzu doldurmaya yetecek kadar fazla bir miktar.

each day, enough to fill 8 million Olympic swimming pools… which I'm pretty sure ||||||||басейнів||||

you can't really picture, but it's true. Bunun resmini yapamazsın.Ancak bu bir gerçek.

Boiling that amount of water would require the energy from more than 30,000 hydroelectric ||||||||||||水力発電 ||||||||||||гідроелектричних Bu miktarda olan suyun kaynatılması,dünyanın en büyük üçüncü hidroelektrik santrali olan Çindeki Three Gorges Barajının üretmiş olduğu 30.000'den bile fazla hidroelektrik enerjisini tüketecektir.

power plants like China's Three Gorges Dam, the largest in the world. ||||三||||||| |||Китаю||ГЕС|дамба|||||

But trees? Fakat ağaçlar ?

They do it all with the power of the sun. Onlar bunların hepsini sadece güneş enerjisi ile yapıyorlar.

This living water pump creates a “river in the sky” above the Amazon, stretching |||||||||||||広がる Bu yaşayan su pompası,

from the ocean to the Andes, that moves even more water than the Amazon river itself, and |||||アンデス山脈|||||||||||

the rain this sky river creates is the reason the world's largest rainforest even exists. Bu nehirin oluşturduğu yağmur,dünyanın en büyük yağmur ormanlarının oluşmasının sebebi.

But it takes more than water in the air to make rain. Ama yağmur için sudan fazlası gerekir.

Even in the driest places on Earth, a cubic meter of air contains a million, million, ||||||||sześcienny||||||| |||найсухіший|||||кубічний||||||| Dünya üzerindeki en kurak yerlerde bile,bir metreküp hava başına bir milyon-milyar su molekülü içerir.

billion water molecules.

But H2O can't form droplets on its own – ever. Ama H2O(su) kendi başına damlacıklar oluşturamaz.

Much like the plants they nourish, raindrops grow from seeds. |||||підживлюють|краплі дощу||| |||||odżywiać|||| |||||育てる|||| Bitkilerin tohumlardan büyümesi gibi yağmur damlaları da tohumlardan büyür.

At the heart of every raindrop is a tiny impurity, anything from specks of dust, to salt, pollen, |||||||||particle|||||||| |||||雨滴||||不純物|||微細な不純物||||| |||||краплі дощу||||нечистота|||||||| |||||||||zanieczyszczenie|||||pyłek kurzu||sól|pyłek kwiatowy Her yağmur damlasının kalbinde, toz lekelerinden tuz, polen ve hatta kimyasallara kadar küçük bir kirlilik vardır.

or even chemicals. ||a nawet chemikalia

Rain seeds give water molecules something to cling to, so they can grow into droplets. |||||||чіплятися до||||||| ||dają|||coś, do czego||przylegać do||||||| |||||||しがみつく||||||| Yağmur tohumları su moleküllerine tutunacak bir şey verir, böylece damlacıklara dönüşebilirler.

Trillions of these droplets make up every cloud we see, and when they eventually get Biliony tych kropli|||||||chmura||widzimy||||ostatecznie| Bu damlacıkların trilyonları, gördüğümüz her bulutu oluşturur ve sonunda yeterince büyük ve yeterince ağır olduklarında düşerler.

big enough and heavy enough, they fall. |||ciężkie|||

So that's rain. Bu yağmurdur.

It's water collecting on little islands of floating sky junk and pixie dust. |||||||||||妖精の| |||||||||||фея| Het is water dat zich verzamelt op kleine eilanden van zwevend luchtafval en elfenstof. Küçük adacıkların üstünde bulunan şeyler ve peri tozu ile birleşmiş su..(!)

But why do some places get so much rain and others get so little? Ama neden bazı yerlerde diğer yerlerden daha fazla yağmur yağar?

Because not every place on Earth has the same type, or same number, of rain seeds in the ||||||||||||||雨||| Çünkü yeryüzünde her yerde aynı tip, ya da aynı sayıda, yağmur tohumları gökyüzünde yoktur.

sky.

And that takes us back to the Amazon and all that green stuff. Ve bu bizi Amazon'a ve tüm bu yeşil şeylere geri götürüyor.

95% of the of the Amazon's rain seeds are made by the trees and plants that live there. Amazon'un yağmur tohumlarının% 95'i, orada yaşayan ağaçlar ve bitkiler tarafından üretiliyor.

Along with water vapor, trees in the Amazon release chemicals that act as super-sticky Su buharı ile birlikte Amazon'daki ağaçlar, süper yapışkan H2O mıknatısları olarak hareket eden kimyasalları serbest bırakır.

H2O magnets. ||магніти

These biogenic volatile organic compounds are how the forest makes its own rain. ||easily evaporated||substances|||||||| |біогенні||||||||||| |biogeniczne|lotne|||||||||| |生物由来の|揮発性|||||||||| Bu biyojenik uçucu organik bileşikler,ormanın kendi yağmurunu nasıl yaptığının açıklamasıdır.

The air over the Amazon contains just 300 particles per cubic centimeter, making it ||||||||||立方センチメートル|| |||||||cząsteczki||||| Amazon'un üzerindeki hava,santimetre küp başına 300 parçacık içerir ve bu da onu Dünya'daki en temiz havalardan biri haline getirir.

some of the cleanest air on Earth. |||найчистіше|||

It's likely that a couple hundred years ago, before the industrial revolution, most Muhtemelen birkaç yüz yıl önce, Sanayi devriminden önce, Dünya'nın havasının çoğu o kadar temizdi, ancak bu günlerde,

of Earth's air was that clean, but these days, thanks to pollution, even our cleanest |||||||||||zanieczyszczenie powietrza|||

air elsewhere has 2,000 particles per cubic cm.

And while you might think more particles = more rain, that extra stuff in the sky spreads Daha fazla parçacık daha fazla yağmur demektir diye düşünebilirsiniz.Ancak,

the same amount of water across more seeds, and smaller droplets means fewer fall as rain. gökyüzünde ekstra su tohumları eşit miktarda su paylaşırlar.Bu da parçacıkların çoğalmasıyla beraber küçülmesi anlamına gelir.Küçük parçacıklar ise daha az yağmur demektir.

If you live in the US – whether it's in Big Sky Montana, or crowded LA – there's |||||||||||モンタナ|||| |||||||||||Монтана|||| ABD'de yaşıyorsanız-ister Big Sky Montana,ister LA-

probably less rain now than there was a few hundred years ago, just because of the extra havada var olan ekstra su tohumları yüzünden muhtemelen birkaç yüz yıl önce oralarda yağan yağmurdan daha az yağmur yağıyor.

stuff in the air.

What's SUPER cool is when trees need rain – they release different amounts of rain-attracting Havalı olan şey,ağaçların yağmur yağmaya ihtiyaç duymasıyla havaya daha fazla yağmur için gerekli kimyasallar (su vb.) salmalarıdır.

chemicals, seeding more of their own clouds and rain. |種まき||||||| |посів|||||||

As the water released by the trees condenses into clouds, it lowers nearby air pressure. |||||||changes state||||||| |||||||凝縮する||||||| Ağaçlar tarafından yayımlanan su bulutların içine yoğunlaşarak, yakındaki hava basıncını düşürür.

This creates the winds that drive this river in the sky from the Atlantic all the way to Bu,Gökyüzündeki atlantik ırmağından And Dağlarına kadar süren rüzgarları ortaya çıkarır.

the Andes. |アンデス

[NASA Animation here - showing that motion] |анімоване відео||||

Without the Amazon's trees and this continent-wide rain cloud conveyer belt, areas like this ||||||||||system|||| ||||||||||конвеєр дощів|||| ||||||||||taśma przenośnikowa|||| ||||||||||運搬装置|||| Amazon'un ağaçları ve bu kıta çapında yağmur bulutu taşıma bandı olmadan,muhtemelen aynı enlemdeki diğer bölgeler gibi çöl olurdu.

would probably be desert, like other regions at the same latitude. ||||||||||geographical coordinate ||||||||||szerokość geograficzna

In school, we learn that rain falls on land, makes its way to the ocean, evaporates, moves |||||||||||||||випаровується| Okulda, yağmurun karada düştüğünü, okyanusa doğru ilerlediğini, buharlaştığını, iç kısımda hareket ettiğini ve tekrar düştüğünü öğreniyoruz.

inland and falls again. внутрішній|||

But we never hear about this green ocean–the Amazon–filled with living geysers. Ama biz bu yeşil okyanusu(Amazon'u) gayzerler ile dolu olduğunu duymuyoruz.

Trees around the globe act like great green pumps responsible for 90% of the water that Dünyanın dört bir yanındaki ağaçlar, kıtalar üzerindeki atmosfere ulaşan suyun %90'ından sorumlu büyük yeşil pompalar gibi davranır.

reaches the atmosphere over the continents.

We don't usually think of weather as a living system, but these hundreds of billions of Genellikle havayı canlı bir sistem olarak düşünmüyoruz, ancak Amazon'da ve başka yerlerde yüzlerce milyarlarca ağaç görünmez bir süreçtir,

trees in the Amazon and elsewhere are an invisible process, more powerful than human engineers

could ever design, yet built all the same by the hands of time and evolution, harnessing |||||||||||||||活用する |||||||||||||||wykorzystując

the sun not only to give animals air to breathe, but to move the element that makes life itself

possible.

The Amazon rainforest is often called the “lungs of the planet”, but it feels a |||||||płuca planety||||||| Amazon yağmur ormanları genellikle “gezegenin akciğerleri” olarak adlandırılır, ama daha çok kalbe benziyor gibi,sence de öyle değil mi?

little more like

the heart, don't you think?

Stay curious.