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02.Story by Cris, Animal Farm-Chapter 3 of 11

Animal Farm-Chapter 3 of 11

How they toiled and sweated to get the hay in! But their efforts were rewarded, for the harvest was an even bigger success than they had hoped.

Sometimes the work was hard; the implements had been designed for human beings and not for animals, and it was a great drawback that no animal was able to use any tool that involved standing on his hind legs. But the pigs were so clever that they could think of a way round every difficulty. As for the horses, they knew every inch of the field, and in fact understood the business of mowing and raking far better than Jones and his men had ever done. The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership. Boxer and Clover would harness themselves to the cutter or the horse-rake (no bits or reins were needed in these days, of course) and tramp steadily round and round the field with a pig walking behind and calling out "Gee up, comrade!" or "Whoa back, comrade!" as the case might be. And every animal down to the humblest worked at turning the hay and gathering it. Even the ducks and hens toiled to and fro all day in the sun, carrying tiny wisps of hay in their beaks. In the end they finished the harvest in two days' less time than it had usually taken Jones and his men. Moreover, it was the biggest harvest that the farm had ever seen. There was no wastage whatever; the hens and ducks with their sharp eyes had gathered up the very last stalk. And not an animal on the farm had stolen so much as a mouthful.

How they toiled and sweated to get the hay in! But their efforts were rewarded, for the harvest was an even bigger success than they had hoped.

All through that summer the work of the farm went like clockwork. The animals were happy as they had never conceived it possible to be. Every mouthful of food was an acute positive pleasure, now that it was truly their own food, produced by themselves and for themselves, not doled out to them by a grudging master. With the worthless parasitical human beings gone, there was more for everyone to eat. There was more leisure too, inexperienced though the animals were. They met with many difficulties-for instance, later in the year, when they harvested the corn, they had to tread it out in the ancient style and blow away the chaff with their breath, since the farm possessed no threshing machine-but the pigs with their cleverness and Boxer with his tremendous muscles always pulled them through. Boxer was the admiration of everybody. He had been a hard worker even in Jones's time, but now he seemed more like three horses than one; there were days when the entire work of the farm seemed to rest on his mighty shoulders. From morning to night he was pushing and pulling, always at the spot where the work was hardest. He had made an arrangement with one of the cockerels to call him in the mornings half an hour earlier than anyone else, and would put in some volunteer labour at whatever seemed to be most needed, before the regular day's work began. His answer to every problem, every setback, was "I will work harder!" -- which he had adopted as his personal motto.

But everyone worked according to his capacity The hens and ducks, for instance, saved five bushels of corn at the harvest by gathering up the stray grains. Nobody stole, nobody grumbled over his rations, the quarrelling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared. Nobody shirked-or almost nobody. Mollie, it was true, was not good at getting up in the mornings, and had a way of leaving work early on the ground that there was a stone in her hoof. And the behaviour of the cat was somewhat peculiar. It was soon noticed that when there was work to be done the cat could never be found. She would vanish for hours on end, and then reappear at meal-times, or in the evening after work was over, as though nothing had happened. But she always made such excellent excuses, and purred so affectionately, that it was impossible not to believe in her good intentions. Old Benjamin, the donkey, seemed quite unchanged since the Rebellion. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time, never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone, he would say only "Donkeys live a long time. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey," and the others had to be content with this cryptic answer.

On Sundays there was no work. Breakfast was an hour later than usual, and after breakfast there was a ceremony which was observed every week without fail. First came the hoisting of the flag. Snowball had found in the harness-room an old green tablecloth of Mrs. Jones's and had painted on it a hoof and a horn in white. This was run up the flagstaff in the farmhouse garden every Sunday morning. The flag was green, Snowball explained, to represent the green fields of England, while the hoof and horn signified the future Republic of the Animals which would arise when the human race had been finally overthrown. After the hoisting of the flag all the animals trooped into the big barn for a general assembly which was known as the Meeting. Here the work of the coming week was planned out and resolutions were put forward and debated. It was always the pigs who put forward the resolutions. The other animals understood how to vote, but could never think of any resolutions of their own. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. But it was noticed that these two were never in agreement: whatever suggestion either of them made, the other could be counted on to oppose it. Even when it was resolved-a thing no one could object to in itself-to set aside the small paddock behind the orchard as a home of rest for animals who were past work, there was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. The Meeting always ended with the singing of 'Beasts of England', and the afternoon was given up to recreation.

The pigs had set aside the harness-room as a headquarters for themselves. Here, in the evenings, they studied blacksmithing, carpentering, and other necessary arts from books which they had brought out of the farmhouse. Snowball also busied himself with organising the other animals into what he called Animal Committees. He was indefatigable at this. He formed the Egg Production Committee for the hens, the Clean Tails League for the cows, the Wild Comrades' Re-education Committee (the object of this was to tame the rats and rabbits), the Whiter Wool Movement for the sheep, and various others, besides instituting classes in reading and writing. On the whole, these projects were a failure. The attempt to tame the wild creatures, for instance, broke down almost immediately. They continued to behave very much as before, and when treated with generosity, simply took advantage of it. The cat joined the Re-education Committee and was very active in it for some days. She was seen one day sitting on a roof and talking to some sparrows who were just out of her reach. She was telling them that all animals were now comrades and that any sparrow who chose could come and perch on her paw; but the sparrows kept their distance. The reading and writing classes, however, were a great success. By the autumn almost every animal on the farm was literate in some de-gree.

As for the pigs, they could already read and write perfectly. The dogs learned to read fairly well, but were not interested in reading anything except the Seven Commandments. Muriel, the goat, could read somewhat better than the dogs, and sometimes used to read to the others in the evenings from scraps of newspaper which she found on the rubbish heap. Benjamin could read as well as any pig, but never exercised his faculty. So far as he knew, he said, there was nothing worth reading. Clover learnt the whole alphabet, but could not put words together. Boxer could not get beyond the letter D. He would trace out A, B, C, D, in the dust with his great hoof, and then would stand staring at the letters with his ears back, sometimes shaking his forelock, trying with all his might to remember what came next and never succeeding. On several occasions, indeed, he did learn E, F, G, H, but by the time he knew them, it was always discovered that he had forgotten A, B, C, and D. Finally he decided to be content with the first four letters, and used to write them out once or twice every day to refresh his memory. Mollie refused to learn any but the six letters which spelt her own name. She would form these very neatly out of pieces of twig, and would then decorate them with a flower or two and walk round them admiring them. The reading and writing classes, however, were a great success. By the autumn almost every animal on the farm was literate in some degree.

None of the other animals on the farm could get further than the letter A. It was also found that the stupider animals, such as the sheep, hens, and ducks, were unable to learn the Seven Commandments by heart. After much thought Snowball declared that the Seven Commandments could in effect be reduced to a single maxim, namely: "Four legs good, two legs bad." This, he said, contained the essential principle of Animalism. Whoever had thoroughly grasped it would be safe from human influences. The birds at first objected, since it seemed to them that they also had two legs, but Snowball proved to them that this was not so.

The birds did not understand Snowball's long words, but they accepted his explanation, and all the humbler animals set to work to learn the new maxim by heart. FOUR LEGS GOOD, TWO LEGS BAD, was inscribed on the end wall of the barn, above the Seven Commandments and in bigger letters When they had once got it by heart, the sheep developed a great liking for this maxim, and often as they lay in the field they would all start bleating "Four legs good, two legs bad! Four legs good, two legs bad!" and keep it up for hours on end, never growing tired of it.

"A bird's wing, comrades," he said, "is an organ of propulsion and not of manipulation. It should therefore be regarded as a leg. The distinguishing mark of man is the HAND, the instrument with which he does all his mischief."

The mystery of where the milk went to was soon cleared up. It was mixed every day into the pigs' mash. The early apples were now ripening, and the grass of the orchard was littered with windfalls. The animals had assumed as a matter of course that these would be shared out equally; one day, however, the order went forth that all the windfalls were to be collected and brought to the harness-room for the use of the pigs. At this some of the other animals murmured, but it was no use. All the pigs were in full agreement on this point, even Snowball and Napoleon. Squealer was sent to make the necessary explanations to the others.

Napoleon took no interest in Snowball's committees. He said that the education of the young was more important than anything that could be done for those who were already grown up. It happened that Jessie and Bluebell had both whelped soon after the hay harvest, giving birth between them to nine sturdy puppies. As soon as they were weaned, Napoleon took them away from their mothers, saying that he would make himself responsible for their education. He took them up into a loft which could only be reached by a ladder from the harness-room, and there kept them in such seclusion that the rest of the farm soon forgot their existence. Now if there was one thing that the animals were completely certain of, it was that they did not want Jones back. When it was put to them in this light, they had no more to say. The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. So it was agreed without further argument that the milk and the windfall apples (and also the main crop of apples when they ripened) should be reserved for the pigs alone.

"Comrades!" he cried. "You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. We pigs are brainworkers. The whole management and organisation of this farm depend on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. It is for YOUR sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes, Jones would come back! Surely, comrades," cried Squealer almost pleadingly, skipping from side to side and whisking his tail, "surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back?"

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Animal Farm-Chapter 3 of 11 Farm der Tiere - Kapitel 3 von 11 Rebelión en la granja-Capítulo 3 de 11 La ferme des animaux - Chapitre 3 de 11 La fattoria degli animali-Capitolo 3 di 11 動物農場-第3章/第11章 A Quinta dos Animais - Capítulo 3 de 11 Ферма животных - глава 3 из 11 动物农场》--第 11 章之 3 動物莊園-第 3 章(共 11 章)

How they toiled and sweated to get the hay in! ¡Cómo||trabajaron||sudaron||||| ¡Cómo trabajaban y sudaban para recoger el heno! Jak oni się trudzili i pocili, aby zebrać siano! But their efforts were rewarded, for the harvest was an even bigger success than they had hoped. ||fue||||||ellos||esperaban la cosecha fue un éxito aún mayor de lo que esperaban.

Sometimes the work was hard; the implements had been designed for human beings and not for animals, and it was a great drawback that no animal was able to use any tool that involved standing on his hind legs. ||||||||||||||||||||||desventaja|||||||||herramienta|||estar de pie|||| A veces el trabajo era duro; los utensilios habían sido diseñados para seres humanos y no para animales, y era un gran inconveniente que ningún animal fuera capaz de utilizar ninguna herramienta que implicara ponerse de pie sobre las patas traseras. But the pigs were so clever that they could think of a way round every difficulty. Ale świnie były tak sprytne, że potrafiły wymyślić sposób na obejście każdej trudności. As for the horses, they knew every inch of the field, and in fact understood the business of mowing and raking far better than Jones and his men had ever done. ||||||||||||||||||cortar||rastrillado|||||||||| En cuanto a los caballos, conocían cada centímetro del campo y, de hecho, comprendían la tarea de segar y rastrillar mucho mejor que Jones y sus hombres. Jeśli chodzi o konie, znały one każdy centymetr pola i w rzeczywistości rozumiały koszenie i grabienie o wiele lepiej niż Jones i jego ludzie. The pigs did not actually work, but directed and supervised the others. Świnie w rzeczywistości nie pracowały, ale kierowały i nadzorowały innych. With their superior knowledge it was natural that they should assume the leadership. Mając większą wiedzę, naturalnym było, że to oni powinni objąć przywództwo. Boxer and Clover would harness themselves to the cutter or the horse-rake (no bits or reins were needed in these days, of course) and tramp steadily round and round the field with a pig walking behind and calling out "Gee up, comrade!" |||habrían|se atarían|a sí mismos|||cortadora|||arado|rastrillo|||||||||||||paseaban|constantemente||||||||||||||vaya||camarada Boxer y Clover se enganchaban a la cizalla o al rastrillo de caballos (en aquella época no se necesitaban bocados ni riendas, por supuesto) y daban vueltas y vueltas por el campo con un cerdo caminando detrás y gritando "¡Arriba, camarada!". Boxer i Clover zaprzęgali się do kos lub koniowozu (oczywiście w tamtych czasach nie były potrzebne żadne wędzidła ani lejce) i dreptali miarowo w kółko po polu ze świnią idącą z tyłu i wołającą "Ojej, towarzyszu!". or "Whoa back, comrade!" |¡Whoa!|| as the case might be. w zależności od przypadku. And every animal down to the humblest worked at turning the hay and gathering it. ||||||más humilde|||||||reuniendo| Każde zwierzę, aż po najskromniejsze, pracowało przy przerzucaniu i zbieraniu siana. І кожна тварина, аж до найскромнішої, працювала, щоб перевертати сіно і збирати його. Even the ducks and hens toiled to and fro all day in the sun, carrying tiny wisps of hay in their beaks. ||patos||gallinas|trabajaron|||de un lado a otro||||||||mechones||paja|||picos Nawet kaczki i kury pracowały przez cały dzień w słońcu, niosąc w dziobach małe źdźbła siana. In the end they finished the harvest in two days' less time than it had usually taken Jones and his men. Ostatecznie zakończyli żniwa w dwa dni krócej niż zwykle zajmowało to Jonesowi i jego ludziom. Moreover, it was the biggest harvest that the farm had ever seen. además|||||cosecha|que||||| Además, era la mayor cosecha que la granja había visto nunca. There was no wastage whatever; the hens and ducks with their sharp eyes had gathered up the very last stalk. |||desperdicio|ninguna||||||||||reunido|||||tallo No había desperdicio alguno; las gallinas y los patos, con sus agudos ojos, habían recogido hasta el último tallo. Nie było żadnych strat; kury i kaczki swoimi bystrymi oczami zebrały ostatnią łodygę. And not an animal on the farm had stolen so much as a mouthful. |||||||||||||bocado Żadne zwierzę na farmie nie ukradło nawet kęsa.

How they toiled and sweated to get the hay in! ||trabajaron arduamente||sudaron||||| ¡Cómo trabajaban y sudaban para recoger el heno! Jak oni się trudzili i pocili, aby zebrać siano! Як вони працювали і потіли, щоб занести сіно! But their efforts were rewarded, for the harvest was an even bigger success than they had hoped.

All through that summer the work of the farm went like clockwork. |todo|||el|||||||mecanismo de reloj Durante todo aquel verano, el trabajo de la granja funcionó como un reloj. Przez całe lato praca na farmie szła jak w zegarku. The animals were happy as they had never conceived it possible to be. Zwierzęta były szczęśliwe jak nigdy dotąd. Тварини були щасливі так, як ніколи не думали, що це можливо. Every mouthful of food was an acute positive pleasure, now that it was truly their own food, produced by themselves and for themselves, not doled out to them by a grudging master. |bocado|||||aguda||||||||||||||||||||||||rencoroso|amo Cada bocado de comida era un agudo placer positivo, ahora que era realmente su propia comida, producida por ellos mismos y para ellos mismos, no repartida por un amo rencoroso. Każdy kęs jedzenia sprawiał im ogromną, pozytywną przyjemność, teraz, gdy było to naprawdę ich własne jedzenie, wyprodukowane przez nich samych i dla nich samych, a nie rozdawane im przez niechętnego mistrza. Кожен ковток їжі приносив гостре позитивне задоволення, адже це була справді їхня власна їжа, вироблена ними самими і для них самих, а не роздана їм невдоволеним господарем. With the worthless parasitical human beings gone, there was more for everyone to eat. ||inútiles|parásitos|||||||||| Al desaparecer los inútiles seres humanos parásitos, había más comida para todos. Gdy bezwartościowe pasożytnicze istoty ludzkie zniknęły, wszyscy mieli więcej jedzenia. There was more leisure too, inexperienced though the animals were. |||ocio||inexperto|||| También había más ocio, por inexpertos que fueran los animales. Było też więcej czasu wolnego, choć zwierzęta były niedoświadczone. Було і більше вільного часу, хоча тварини були недосвідчені. They met with many difficulties-for instance, later in the year, when they harvested the corn, they had to tread it out in the ancient style and blow away the chaff with their breath, since the farm possessed no threshing machine-but the pigs with their cleverness and Boxer with his tremendous muscles always pulled them through. ellos|||||||||||||||||||trillar||||||||soplar|||paja|||aliento||||||trilla||||||||||||||||| Se encontraron con muchas dificultades -por ejemplo, a finales de año, cuando cosecharon el maíz, tuvieron que pisarlo al estilo antiguo y soplar la paja con el aliento, ya que la granja no disponía de trilladora-, pero los cerdos, con su astucia, y Boxer, con sus tremendos músculos, siempre les sacaron adelante. Napotkali wiele trudności - na przykład pod koniec roku, kiedy zebrali kukurydzę, musieli ją wydeptać w starożytnym stylu i zdmuchnąć plewy oddechem, ponieważ farma nie posiadała młocarni - ale świnie ze swoim sprytem i Boxer ze swoimi ogromnymi mięśniami zawsze ich pokonywały. Boxer was the admiration of everybody. Boxer był podziwiany przez wszystkich. He had been a hard worker even in Jones's time, but now he seemed more like three horses than one; there were days when the entire work of the farm seemed to rest on his mighty shoulders. Był pracowity nawet w czasach Jonesa, ale teraz wydawał się bardziej jak trzy konie niż jeden; bywały dni, kiedy cała praca na farmie zdawała się spoczywać na jego potężnych barkach. From morning to night he was pushing and pulling, always at the spot where the work was hardest. ||||||||||||lugar||||| Od rana do nocy pchał i ciągnął, zawsze tam, gdzie praca była najcięższa. He had made an arrangement with one of the cockerels to call him in the mornings half an hour earlier than anyone else, and would put in some volunteer labour at whatever seemed to be most needed, before the regular day's work began. |||||||||gallos|||||||||||||||||||voluntaria|||||||||||||| Había llegado a un acuerdo con uno de los gallos para que le llamara por las mañanas media hora antes que los demás, y trabajaría como voluntario en lo que pareciera más necesario, antes de que empezara la jornada normal. Umówił się z jednym z kogucików, że będzie dzwonił do niego rano pół godziny wcześniej niż ktokolwiek inny, a przed rozpoczęciem normalnego dnia pracy będzie pracował jako ochotnik przy tym, co wydawało się najbardziej potrzebne. His answer to every problem, every setback, was "I will work harder!" Jego odpowiedzią na każdy problem, każde niepowodzenie było: "Będę pracował ciężej!". -- which he had adopted as his personal motto. |||||||motto

But everyone worked according to his capacity The hens and ducks, for instance, saved five bushels of corn at the harvest by gathering up the stray grains. ||||||||las gallinas|||||||fanegas|||||cosecha||recolectando||||granos Pero cada uno trabajaba según su capacidad Las gallinas y los patos, por ejemplo, ahorraban cinco fanegas de maíz en la cosecha recogiendo los granos perdidos. Kury i kaczki, na przykład, uratowały pięć buszli kukurydzy podczas żniw, zbierając zbłąkane ziarna. Але кожен працював відповідно до своїх можливостей. Кури та качки, наприклад, зберегли п'ять бушелів кукурудзи під час жнив, зібравши загублені зерна. Nobody stole, nobody grumbled over his rations, the quarrelling and biting and jealousy which had been normal features of life in the old days had almost disappeared. |robó||se quejó|||raciones||riñas||mordaz||celos|||||rasgos||||||||| Nadie robaba, nadie se quejaba de sus raciones, las peleas, mordiscos y celos que habían sido características normales de la vida en los viejos tiempos casi habían desaparecido. Nobody shirked-or almost nobody. |evitó||| Nikt się nie uchylał - lub prawie nikt. Mollie, it was true, was not good at getting up in the mornings, and had a way of leaving work early on the ground that there was a stone in her hoof. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||piedra|||pezuña Mollie, era cierto, no era buena levantándose por las mañanas, y tenía una manera de dejar el trabajo temprano con la excusa de que tenía una piedra en la pezuña. Mollie, to prawda, nie była dobra we wstawaniu rano i miała sposób na wczesne wychodzenie z pracy z powodu kamienia w kopycie. Моллі, щоправда, не дуже добре прокидалася вранці, і мала звичку йти з роботи раніше на тій підставі, що в неї в копиті камінь. And the behaviour of the cat was somewhat peculiar. |||||||algo| It was soon noticed that when there was work to be done the cat could never be found. She would vanish for hours on end, and then reappear at meal-times, or in the evening after work was over, as though nothing had happened. ||desaparecía|||||||reaparecer|||||||||||||||| Znikała na wiele godzin, a potem pojawiała się w porze posiłków lub wieczorem po zakończeniu pracy, jakby nic się nie stało. But she always made such excellent excuses, and purred so affectionately, that it was impossible not to believe in her good intentions. ||||||||ronroneó||||||||||||| Ale zawsze robiła tak doskonałe wymówki i mruczała tak czule, że nie sposób było nie wierzyć w jej dobre intencje. Old Benjamin, the donkey, seemed quite unchanged since the Rebellion. ||||||inalterado||| Stary Benjamin, osioł, wydawał się zupełnie niezmieniony od czasów Rebelii. He did his work in the same slow obstinate way as he had done it in Jones's time, never shirking and never volunteering for extra work either. |||||||||||||||||||eludiendo||||||| Wykonywał swoją pracę w ten sam powolny i uparty sposób, jak za czasów Jonesa, nigdy się nie uchylając i nigdy nie zgłaszając się na ochotnika do dodatkowej pracy. Він виконував свою роботу так само повільно й уперто, як і за часів Джонса, ніколи не ухиляючись і не зголошуючись на додаткову роботу. About the Rebellion and its results he would express no opinion. When asked whether he was not happier now that Jones was gone, he would say only "Donkeys live a long time. Zapytany, czy nie jest szczęśliwszy teraz, gdy Jones odszedł, odpowiedział tylko: "Osły żyją długo. None of you has ever seen a dead donkey," and the others had to be content with this cryptic answer. ||||||||||||||||||críptica| Nikt z was nigdy nie widział martwego osła", a pozostali musieli zadowolić się tą tajemniczą odpowiedzią. Ніхто з вас ніколи не бачив мертвого віслюка", - і іншим довелося задовольнитися цією загадковою відповіддю.

On Sundays there was no work. Breakfast was an hour later than usual, and after breakfast there was a ceremony which was observed every week without fail. First came the hoisting of the flag. |||izamiento||| Najpierw nastąpiło wciągnięcie flagi. Snowball had found in the harness-room an old green tablecloth of Mrs. Jones's and had painted on it a hoof and a horn in white. ||||||||||mantel||||||||||pezuña|||cuerno|| Snowball znalazł w pokoju zaprzęgowym stary zielony obrus pani Jones i namalował na nim białe kopyto i róg. Сніжок знайшов у стайні стару зелену скатертину місіс Джонс і намалював на ній копито і ріг білим кольором. This was run up the flagstaff in the farmhouse garden every Sunday morning. |||||mástil|||casa de campo|||| W każdą niedzielę rano wciągano ją na maszt w ogrodzie przy gospodarstwie. The flag was green, Snowball explained, to represent the green fields of England, while the hoof and horn signified the future Republic of the Animals which would arise when the human race had been finally overthrown. |||||||||||||||pezuña||cuerno||||||||||surgiría||||||||derrocada Snowball wyjaśnił, że flaga była zielona, aby reprezentować zielone pola Anglii, podczas gdy kopyto i róg oznaczały przyszłą Republikę Zwierząt, która powstanie, gdy rasa ludzka zostanie ostatecznie obalona. After the hoisting of the flag all the animals trooped into the big barn for a general assembly which was known as the Meeting. ||izamiento|||||||se agruparon||||||||asamblea|||||| Po wciągnięciu flagi wszystkie zwierzęta udały się do dużej stodoły na ogólne zgromadzenie, które nazwano Zebraniem. Here the work of the coming week was planned out and resolutions were put forward and debated. Tutaj zaplanowano pracę na nadchodzący tydzień, a także przedstawiono i przedyskutowano rezolucje. Тут було сплановано роботу на наступний тиждень, висунуто та обговорено резолюції. It was always the pigs who put forward the resolutions. To zawsze świnie proponowały rezolucje. The other animals understood how to vote, but could never think of any resolutions of their own. Pozostałe zwierzęta rozumiały, jak głosować, ale nigdy nie potrafiły wymyślić własnych rezolucji. Snowball and Napoleon were by far the most active in the debates. Snowball i Napoleon byli zdecydowanie najbardziej aktywni w debatach. But it was noticed that these two were never in agreement: whatever suggestion either of them made, the other could be counted on to oppose it. Zauważono jednak, że ci dwaj nigdy nie byli zgodni: niezależnie od tego, jaką sugestię wysunął jeden z nich, można było liczyć na to, że drugi się jej sprzeciwi. Even when it was resolved-a thing no one could object to in itself-to set aside the small paddock behind the orchard as a home of rest for animals who were past work, there was a stormy debate over the correct retiring age for each class of animal. |||||||||||||en sí||||||prado||||||||||||||||||tempestuosa|||||retirado|||||| Incluso cuando se resolvió -cosa a la que nadie podía oponerse en sí misma- reservar el pequeño prado detrás del huerto como hogar de descanso para los animales que ya no trabajaban, hubo un tormentoso debate sobre la edad correcta de jubilación para cada clase de animal. Nawet gdy podjęto decyzję - której nikt nie mógł się sprzeciwić - o wydzieleniu małego wybiegu za sadem jako miejsca odpoczynku dla zwierząt, które zakończyły pracę, toczyła się burzliwa debata na temat właściwego wieku emerytalnego dla każdej klasy zwierząt. The Meeting always ended with the singing of 'Beasts of England', and the afternoon was given up to recreation. Spotkanie zawsze kończyło się odśpiewaniem "Beasts of England", a popołudnie było przeznaczone na rekreację. Зустріч завжди закінчувалася співом "Beasts of England", а друга половина дня була присвячена відпочинку.

The pigs had set aside the harness-room as a headquarters for themselves. Świnie przeznaczyły pomieszczenie z uprzężą na swoją siedzibę. Here, in the evenings, they studied blacksmithing, carpentering, and other necessary arts from books which they had brought out of the farmhouse. ||||||forja|carpintería||||||||||||||la granja Snowball also busied himself with organising the other animals into what he called Animal Committees. ||se ocupó||||los|||||||| Snowball zajął się również organizowaniem innych zwierząt w tak zwane Komitety Zwierząt. He was indefatigable at this. ||incansable|| Był w tym niestrudzony. He formed the Egg Production Committee for the hens, the Clean Tails League for the cows, the Wild Comrades' Re-education Committee (the object of this was to tame the rats and rabbits), the Whiter Wool Movement for the sheep, and various others, besides instituting classes in reading and writing. |||||||||||Colas|Liga||||||Camaradas||||||||||domesticar||||conejos||Blanca|Lana|||||||||instituyendo||||| On the whole, these projects were a failure. ||en general||||| Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, projekty te okazały się porażką. The attempt to tame the wild creatures, for instance, broke down almost immediately. |||domesticar||salvajes||||se desmoronó|fracasó|| El intento de domesticar a las criaturas salvajes, por ejemplo, fracasó casi de inmediato. They continued to behave very much as before, and when treated with generosity, simply took advantage of it. |||comportarse|||||||||generosidad||||| Seguían comportándose como antes y, cuando se les trataba con generosidad, simplemente se aprovechaban de ella. Nadal zachowywali się bardzo podobnie jak wcześniej, a gdy byli traktowani z hojnością, po prostu to wykorzystywali. Вони продовжували поводитися так само, як і раніше, і коли до них ставилися щедро, просто користувалися цим. The cat joined the Re-education Committee and was very active in it for some days. Kot dołączył do Komitetu Reedukacyjnego i był w nim bardzo aktywny przez kilka dni. She was seen one day sitting on a roof and talking to some sparrows who were just out of her reach. |||||||||||||gorriones|||||||alcance Pewnego dnia widziano ją siedzącą na dachu i rozmawiającą z wróblami, które znajdowały się poza jej zasięgiem. Одного разу її бачили, як вона сиділа на даху і розмовляла з горобцями, які були просто поза її досяжністю. She was telling them that all animals were now comrades and that any sparrow who chose could come and perch on her paw; but the sparrows kept their distance. |||||||||||||gorrión||||||posarse|||pata|||||| Mówiła im, że wszystkie zwierzęta są teraz towarzyszami i że każdy wróbel, który zechce, może przylecieć i usiąść na jej łapie; ale wróble trzymały się z daleka. The reading and writing classes, however, were a great success. By the autumn almost every animal on the farm was literate in some de-gree. |||||||||||||||||||||||grado|grado

As for the pigs, they could already read and write perfectly. The dogs learned to read fairly well, but were not interested in reading anything except the Seven Commandments. |||||bastante||||||||||||mandamientos Psy nauczyły się dość dobrze czytać, ale nie były zainteresowane czytaniem niczego poza Siedmioma Przykazaniami. Muriel, the goat, could read somewhat better than the dogs, and sometimes used to read to the others in the evenings from scraps of newspaper which she found on the rubbish heap. ||cabra|||algo|||||||||||||||||recortes||||||||| Benjamin could read as well as any pig, but never exercised his faculty. Benjamin potrafił czytać tak dobrze, jak żadna świnia, ale nigdy nie ćwiczył tej umiejętności. Веніамін умів читати не гірше за будь-яку свиню, але ніколи не використовував свої здібності. So far as he knew, he said, there was nothing worth reading. Clover learnt the whole alphabet, but could not put words together. Clover nauczyła się całego alfabetu, ale nie potrafiła składać słów. Конюшина вивчила всю абетку, але не могла скласти слова докупи. Boxer could not get beyond the letter D. He would trace out A, B, C, D, in the dust with his great hoof, and then would stand staring at the letters with his ears back, sometimes shaking his forelock, trying with all his might to remember what came next and never succeeding. On several occasions, indeed, he did learn E, F, G, H, but by the time he knew them, it was always discovered that he had forgotten A, B, C, and D. Finally he decided to be content with the first four letters, and used to write them out once or twice every day to refresh his memory. Mollie refused to learn any but the six letters which spelt her own name. She would form these very neatly out of pieces of twig, and would then decorate them with a flower or two and walk round them admiring them. ||||||||||||||||||||||pezuña|||||mirando|||||||||temblando||mechón||||||||||||||||ocasiones|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||escribió|||||||||ordenadamente|||||ramita||||decorar|||||||||||| Boxer no podía pasar de la letra D. Trazaba A, B, C, D, en el polvo con su gran pezuña, y luego se quedaba mirando las letras con las orejas hacia atrás, a veces sacudiendo la trenza, tratando con todas sus fuerzas de recordar lo que venía a continuación y sin conseguirlo nunca. En varias ocasiones, de hecho, aprendió E, F, G, H, pero para cuando las sabía, siempre se descubría que había olvidado A, B, C, y D. Finalmente decidió contentarse con las cuatro primeras letras, y solía escribirlas una o dos veces cada día para refrescar su memoria. Mollie se negó a aprender cualquier letra excepto las seis que deletreaban su propio nombre. Las formaba muy cuidadosamente con trozos de ramita, y luego las decoraba con una flor o dos y caminaba alrededor de ellas admirándolas. The reading and writing classes, however, were a great success. By the autumn almost every animal on the farm was literate in some degree.

None of the other animals on the farm could get further than the letter A. It was also found that the stupider animals, such as the sheep, hens, and ducks, were unable to learn the Seven Commandments by heart. Żadne z pozostałych zwierząt na farmie nie było w stanie dojść dalej niż do litery A. Stwierdzono również, że głupsze zwierzęta, takie jak owce, kury i kaczki, nie były w stanie nauczyć się Siedmiu Przykazań na pamięć. Жодна з інших тварин на фермі не змогла дійти далі літери А. Також було виявлено, що найдурніші тварини, такі як вівці, кури та качки, не змогли вивчити напам'ять сім заповідей. After much thought Snowball declared that the Seven Commandments could in effect be reduced to a single maxim, namely: "Four legs good, two legs bad." This, he said, contained the essential principle of Animalism. To, jak powiedział, zawierało podstawową zasadę zwierzęcości. Whoever had thoroughly grasped it would be safe from human influences. |||comprendió||||||| The birds at first objected, since it seemed to them that they also had two legs, but Snowball proved to them that this was not so. |||||||||||||||piernas||||||||||

The birds did not understand Snowball's long words, but they accepted his explanation, and all the humbler animals set to work to learn the new maxim by heart. ||||entendieron||||||||||||más humildos||||||||||| Птахи не зрозуміли довгих слів Сніжка, але вони прийняли його пояснення, і всі тварини, які були скромнішими, взялися за вивчення нової максими напам'ять. FOUR LEGS GOOD, TWO LEGS BAD, was inscribed on the end wall of the barn, above the Seven Commandments and in bigger letters When they had once got it by heart, the sheep developed a great liking for this maxim, and often as they lay in the field they would all start bleating "Four legs good, two legs bad! ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||balido|||||| Four legs good, two legs bad!" and keep it up for hours on end, never growing tired of it. i ciągnąć to godzinami, nigdy się nie męcząc. і продовжувати його годинами, ніколи не втомлюючись від нього.

"A bird's wing, comrades," he said, "is an organ of propulsion and not of manipulation. "Skrzydło ptaka, towarzysze", powiedział, "jest organem napędowym, a nie manipulacyjnym. "Крило птаха, товариші, - сказав він, - це орган руху, а не маніпуляції. It should therefore be regarded as a leg. W związku z tym należy ją traktować jako nogę. Тому його слід розглядати як ногу. The distinguishing mark of man is the HAND, the instrument with which he does all his mischief." ||||||||||||||||travesuras Znakiem rozpoznawczym człowieka jest RĘKA, narzędzie, za pomocą którego wyrządza wszystkie swoje krzywdy".

The mystery of where the milk went to was soon cleared up. Zagadka, dokąd trafiło mleko, została wkrótce wyjaśniona. It was mixed every day into the pigs' mash. ||||||||mezcla Mieszano ją codziennie z zacierem dla świń. The early apples were now ripening, and the grass of the orchard was littered with windfalls. |||||madurando||||||||||manzanas caídas Wczesne jabłka już dojrzewały, a trawa w sadzie była zaśmiecona opadami. Дозрівали ранні яблука, а трава в саду була вкрита падалицею. The animals had assumed as a matter of course that these would be shared out equally; one day, however, the order went forth that all the windfalls were to be collected and brought to the harness-room for the use of the pigs. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||frutos caídos|||||||||||||||| Zwierzęta przyjęły za oczywiste, że będą one dzielone po równo; pewnego dnia jednak wydano rozkaz, że wszystkie plony mają zostać zebrane i przyniesione do uprzęży na użytek świń. Тварини вважали, що все це ділитиметься порівну, але одного разу надійшов наказ зібрати все, що залишилося, і принести в упряжну для свиней, щоб вони могли користуватися ним. At this some of the other animals murmured, but it was no use. Niektóre z pozostałych zwierząt mruczały, ale na nic się to zdało. При цьому деякі інші тварини забурчали, але це було марно. All the pigs were in full agreement on this point, even Snowball and Napoleon. Wszystkie świnie zgadzały się w tej kwestii, nawet Snowball i Napoleon. Squealer was sent to make the necessary explanations to the others. Квікуна відправили робити необхідні пояснення іншим.

Napoleon took no interest in Snowball's committees. Napoleon nie interesował się komitetami Snowballa. He said that the education of the young was more important than anything that could be done for those who were already grown up. Powiedział, że edukacja młodzieży jest ważniejsza niż cokolwiek, co można zrobić dla tych, którzy już dorośli. It happened that Jessie and Bluebell had both whelped soon after the hay harvest, giving birth between them to nine sturdy puppies. ||||||||parieron|||||||||||||cachorros Tak się złożyło, że Jessie i Bluebell oszczeniły się wkrótce po zbiorach siana, rodząc po dziewięć silnych szczeniąt. Так сталося, що Джессі і Блюбелл ощенилися невдовзі після збирання сіна, народивши дев'ятьох міцних цуценят. As soon as they were weaned, Napoleon took them away from their mothers, saying that he would make himself responsible for their education. |||||destetados||||||||||||||||| Gdy tylko zostały odstawione od piersi, Napoleon zabrał je od matek, mówiąc, że będzie odpowiedzialny za ich edukację. He took them up into a loft which could only be reached by a ladder from the harness-room, and there kept them in such seclusion that the rest of the farm soon forgot their existence. ||||||desván|||||||||||||||||||aislamiento|||||||||| Zabrał je na strych, na który można było się dostać tylko po drabinie z pomieszczenia dla uprzęży, i trzymał je tam w takim odosobnieniu, że reszta farmy wkrótce zapomniała o ich istnieniu. Now if there was one thing that the animals were completely certain of, it was that they did not want Jones back. When it was put to them in this light, they had no more to say. The importance of keeping the pigs in good health was all too obvious. So it was agreed without further argument that the milk and the windfall apples (and also the main crop of apples when they ripened) should be reserved for the pigs alone. Jeśli była jedna rzecz, której zwierzęta były całkowicie pewne, to było to, że nie chciały Jonesa z powrotem. Kiedy przedstawiono im to w tym świetle, nie miały nic więcej do powiedzenia. Znaczenie utrzymania świń w dobrym zdrowiu było aż nazbyt oczywiste. Uzgodniono więc bez dalszych argumentów, że mleko i jabłka (a także główne zbiory jabłek, gdy dojrzeją) powinny być zarezerwowane tylko dla świń.

"Comrades!" he cried. "You do not imagine, I hope, that we pigs are doing this in a spirit of selfishness and privilege? ||||||||||||||||egoísmo|| "Nie wyobrażasz sobie, mam nadzieję, że my, świnie, robimy to w duchu egoizmu i uprzywilejowania? "Сподіваюся, ви не думаєте, що ми, свині, робимо це в дусі егоїзму та привілеїв? Many of us actually dislike milk and apples. I dislike them myself. Sam ich nie lubię. Our sole object in taking these things is to preserve our health. Naszym jedynym celem jest zachowanie zdrowia. Єдиною метою вживання цих продуктів є збереження нашого здоров'я. Milk and apples (this has been proved by Science, comrades) contain substances absolutely necessary to the well-being of a pig. Mleko i jabłka (zostało to udowodnione przez naukę, towarzysze) zawierają substancje absolutnie niezbędne dla dobrego samopoczucia świni. We pigs are brainworkers. |||trabajadores intelectuales The whole management and organisation of this farm depend on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare. Dzień i noc czuwamy nad twoim dobrem. It is for YOUR sake that we drink that milk and eat those apples. ||||bien||||||||| To dla TWOJEGO dobra pijemy to mleko i jemy te jabłka. Do you know what would happen if we pigs failed in our duty? Jones would come back! Yes, Jones would come back! Surely, comrades," cried Squealer almost pleadingly, skipping from side to side and whisking his tail, "surely there is no one among you who wants to see Jones come back?" |||||suplicante||||||||||||||||||||||| Товариші, - майже благально кричав Квікун, стрибаючи з боку в бік і махаючи хвостом, - невже серед вас немає нікого, хто хотів би, щоб Джонс повернувся?"