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Ja sam Magdalena, osnivač sajta Serbian Courses ||Magdalena|Gründer|Website|| ||Magdalena|founder|website||

nisam se predstavila ||vorgestellt ||introduced myself Ich habe mich nicht vorgestellt I didn't introduce myself

i govoriću o Božiću |ich werde sprechen||Weihnachten |I will talk||about Christmas and I'll talk about Christmas

i Novoj godini |New| and the New Year

ali pretežno o Božiću u Srbiji danas. |überwiegend||||| |mostly||||| but mostly about Christmas in Serbia today.

Ok. Dobro. Idemo na srpski ||gehen|| OK. Okay. Let's go to Serbian

Srbi imaju jako puno običaja ||||Bräuche ||||customs Serbs have a lot of customs

i tradicija |Tradition |and tradition and traditions

jako puno tradicija i rituala koji su stari. |||||||alt ||||rituals||| so many traditions and rituals that are old.

Mi nismo ni svesni |||bewusst |||aware Wir sind uns dessen nicht einmal bewusst We are not even aware

koliko su stari. wie viel|| Wie alt sind sie. how old are they.

Mnoge te običaje i te tradicije viele|||||Traditionen Many|these|customs||these|traditions Viele dieser Bräuche und Traditionen Many of these customs and traditions

koje su moji roditelji radili that||my|parents|worked das haben meine Eltern getan that my parents used to do

ja nisam znala šta to znači Ich wusste nicht, was das bedeutete i didn't know what that meant

Nisam znala, kad sam bila dete, odakle to |||||child|| Als Kind wusste ich nicht, woher es kam I didn't know when I was a kid where that came from

i zašto mi to radimo ||||machen und warum wir es tun and why we do it

Ali kasnije, kako sam odrastala, ||||aufgewachsen ||||was growing up But later, as I grew up,

tako sam čitala i učila i razumevala neke stvari. ||gelesen||||verstande|| ||||||understood|| So habe ich manches gelesen, gelernt und verstanden. so i was reading and learning and understanding some things.

Ja ću vam danas govoriti o tome I'll tell you about it today

šta mi sada radimo. what are we doing now.

Koja je to srpska božićna tradicija ||||Weihnachts-| |||Serbian|Christmas| What a Serbian Christmas tradition

koju mi i danas čuvamo. ||||bewahren ||||we preserve which we still keep today.

Ovo što vidite pored mene What you see next to me

na engleskom se zove Christmas Tree, |||||елка |||||Baum |in English||is called||Christmas Tree it's called Christmas Tree in English,

a na srpskom mi zovemo novogodišnja jelka ||||rufen|Weihnachts-|baum we||Serbian||"we call"|New Year's|Christmas tree und auf Serbisch nennen wir ihn Neujahrsbaum and in Serbian we call Christmas tree

Ovo je za nas Das ist für uns This is for us

novogodišnja tradicija New Year's tradition

za praznik Nova godina, a ne Božić. for the New Year holiday, not Christmas.

To nije božićna jelka, ||Christmas| It's not a Christmas tree,

to nije za Srbiju božićno drvo. ||||Weihnachts-| |is not||Serbia|Christmas|tree it is not a christmas tree for Serbia.

Božićno drvo za nas u Srbiji je hrast |||||||Eiche |||||||oak tree Christmas tree for us in Serbia is oak Na engleskom to je oak tree. ||||дуб| ||||Eiche| ||||hrast| In English, it's an oak tree.

Ja nemam... |habe |I do not have I do not have...

Htela sam da uberem granu hrasta da vam pokažem |||fällen|Zweig|||| I wanted||that|pick|branch|oak tree|||I show Ich wollte einen Eichenzweig auswählen, um ihn dir zu zeigen I wanted to pick an oak branch to show you

ali je jako loše vreme napolju, |||schlecht|| but the weather is really bad outside,

pada kiša, duva vetar. fällt|Regen|weht|Wind ||blows|wind it is raining, the wind is blowing.

Napolju je stvarno grozno vreme, |||ужасная| |||schrecklich| |||terrible| It's a really bad time outside,

i zato nisam ubrala granu hrasta, |||genommen|| |therefore||picked|branch| and that's why I didn't pick an oak branch,

ali imam jednu dekoraciju, |||Dekoration |||one decoration but I have one decoration,

jednu božićnu dekoraciju, koju je moja mama napravila |Weihnachts-|||||| |Christmas|||||| one Christmas decoration my mom made i koja koristi... and which uses ...

ovo su listovi hrasta. Znači ovo je hrast. ||Blätter||||| ||leaves||||| these are oak leaves. So this is oak.

ovo su listovi hrasta (oak tree) these are oak tree leaves

To je za nas božićno drvo. It's a Christmas tree for us.

I najpre imamo... znači... |zuerst|| |"first of all"|we have| Und zuerst haben wir... also... And first we have ... means ...

Kitimo jelku. Kažemo „kititi jelku“. украшать|||украшаем| schmücken|Weihnachtsbaum|sagen|schmücken| Decorate|Christmas tree|we say|decorate| Let's put on a Christmas tree. We say "putty a tree".

Novogodišnja jelka se kiti. |||schmücken The New Year tree is put on.

To radimo prvo, zato što hronološki |||||chronologisch We do this first, because chronologically

prvo imamo Novu godinu 31. decembra ||||of December we first have the New Year on December 31st

a posle toga and after that

6\. januara Badnje veče. |Heiligabend| January|Christmas Eve|Eve January 6 Christmas Eve. Badnje veče je Christmas Eve, Badnje veče ||||Eve|| ||||Eve|| Christmas Eve is Christmas Eve

A 7. januara je Božić (Christmas) And January 7th is Christmas

I u tom imenu, Božić, ||diesem|Namen| And in that name, Christmas,

se čuva stara tradicija, |wird bewahrt|| ||old|tradition die alte Tradition bleibt erhalten, the old tradition is preserved,

naša paganska, slovenska, stara srpska tradicija, |heidnische|slawische||| |pagan|Slavic|||tradition our pagan, Slovenian, old Serbian tradition,

jer božić zapravo znači „mali bog“. |||||god denn Weihnachten bedeutet eigentlich „kleiner Gott“. because Christmas actually means "little god."

Bog znači God ||Gott God means God

i nastavak –ić za deminutiv znači „mladi bog“. |Suffix|ić||Diminutiv||jung| ||||diminutive||young| and the continuation - deminutive means "young god".

Rođenje mladog boga slavimo. Geburt|jungen|Gott| Birth|young|young god|we celebrate We celebrate the birth of a young god.

To se čuva u imenu Božić. This is kept in the name of Christmas.

Svi naši običaji, naravno, |unsere|Bräuche| All our customs, of course,

su hristijanizovani, |christianisiert |are Christianized are Christianized,

kada su Srbi primili hrišćanstvo, |||nahmen|Christentum ||||Christianity when the Serbs received Christianity,

već... negde... ne znam... but ... somewhere ... I don't know ...

u jedanaestom veku, ili tako nešto, deveti-jedanaesti vek. |elften|Jahrhundert||||neunte||Jahrhundert |eleventh|||||ninth|| in the eleventh century, or something like that, the ninth-eleventh century.

Božićni običaji Christmas|customs Christmas customs

su počeli |begonnen have begun

upravo juče. |gestern |yesterday just yesterday.

Juče je bio prvi praznik u nizu božićnih praznika. |||||||Weihnachts-| |||first||||Christmas|holiday Yesterday was the first holiday in a series of Christmas holidays.

Juče su bili Detinjci. |||the children Yesterday they were Cubs.

Detinjci, to je praznik dece. Children's Day||||children Kids, it's a children's holiday.

Dečji praznik za Božić. Kinder-||| Children's||| Kids Holiday for Christmas.

Ja sam prošle godine pričala o tome, ||letzte||gesprochen|| ||||talked|| I talked about it last year,

o tri praznika koji počinju Božić: ||||beginnen| about the three holidays that start Christmas:

Detinjci, Materice i Oci. Children|Mothers||Eyes Baby, Uterus and Fathers.

I to je praznik kada roditelji vezuju decu, |||||parents|tie up| And it's a holiday when parents bond with their children,

a deca moraju da se otkupe. |||||искупить себя ||müssen|||freikaufen |||||redeem themselves and children have to redeem themselves.

To znači: ja sam uzela jedan opasač, ||||genommen||Gürtel ||||I took|one|belt This means: I took a belt,

jedan kaiš ili kanap, |ремень|| |Gürtel|| |belt||rope one belt or rope,

i njime sam vezala mog sina, |ihm||gebunden|| and I tied my son with it,

vezala sam ga, I tied it,

i tražila sam od njega da on peva |||||||singt |||||||sing and I asked him to sing

neku pesmu ili da recituje, ||||декламирует |Lied|||rezitieren ||||recite a poem or recite,

da se tako otkupi. |||freikaufen to be so redeemed.

I on je pevao i recitovao, i ja sam ga onda pustila. |||||читал стихи|||||| |||gesungen||rezitiert||||||lassen |||sang||recited|||||| And he sang and recited, and then I let him go.

To je prvi praznik koji najavljuje početak božićnih praznika. |||||ankündigt||| ||first|holiday||marks||| It is the first holiday to announce the start of the Christmas holidays.

U sledeću nedelju su Materice Next week is Uterus

i posle toga Oci. and after that the Fathers.

Čitaćete o tome i pričala sam prošle godine. werdet lesen||||||| You will read||||||| You will read about it and I talked about it last year.

Prošle godine Oci su bili Last year the Fathers were

baš na sam dan... just on the very day ...

na Badnji dan, na Badnje veče. on Christmas Eve, on Christmas Eve.

Poklopili su se praznici, bili su u isti dan. совпали|||||||| sind|||Feiertage||||| Die Feiertage fielen zusammen, sie waren am selben Tag. The holidays coincided, they were on the same day.

Oci, praznik očeva i Badnji dan ||Väter||| Väter, Vatertag und Heiligabend Fathers, Fathers Day and Christmas Day

bili su u isti dan prošle godine. sie waren am gleichen Tag im letzten Jahr. they were on the same day last year.

Ove godine nisu. Not this year.

Badnji dan je 6. januara. Christmas Day is January 6th.

I šta radimo? And what do we do?

Na Badnji dan rano ujutru se ustaje. On Christmas Eve he gets up early in the morning.

Morate se probuditi jako rano. Ihr müsst|||| You have to wake up really early.

Običaj je da domaćin, to je glava porodice, ||||||Kopf| Custom|||host|||head|family It is the custom of the host, that is the head of the family,

otac porodice, domaćin, the father of the family, the host,

odlazi u šumu i seče hrast, mladi hrast. geht||||||| goes into the forest and cuts an oak, young oak.

Rekla sam, hrast, to je oak tree, srpsko božićno drvo. |||||||serbisches|| I said, oak, it's an oak tree, a Serbian Christmas tree.

I taj hrast donosi kući. |||bringt| And it brings that oak home.

Jednu veliku granu hrasta. |big|branch| One large oak branch.

Međutim, danas, However| However, today,

naročito mi koji živimo u gradovima, besonders|||||Städten especially for me|||live||cities especially we who live in cities,

mi u stvari kupimo badnjak. |||kaufen| |||we buy|Yule log we actually buy a Christmas tree.

Ne sečemo ga, nego kupimo |не режем||| |schneiden||| We don't cut it, we buy it

I ako budete u Srbiji između Nove godine i Božića, ||||Serbia||||| And if you are in Serbia between New Year and Christmas,

videćete puno tezgi, kao pijaca, ||||Markt you will see||stalls|like|marketplace you see a lot of stalls, like a market,

videćete pijacu gde se prodaju badnjaci. |||||Weihnachtsbaum |market|where||are sold|Christmas trees you will see a market where Christmas trees are sold.

Prodaju se kao mali buketi hrastovih grančica, ||||||Ästchen ||||small bouquets|oak|oak branches They are sold as small bouquets of oak twigs,

bude tu i slame, slama je hay. ||||||сено |||Stroh||| there|here||straw|straw||hay there is straw too, straw is hay.

Slama i hrastove grančice, |||Äste ||oak|branches Straw and oak twigs,

i od toga se prave buketi, and that's what the bouquets are made of,

i to je badnjak. and it is a Christmas tree.

Znači, mi koji živimo u gradovima, kupimo sebi badnjak. |||||||ourselves| So we who live in cities buy ourselves a Christmas tree.

Ne idemo u šumu da ga sečemo, |||the forest||it|cut down We don't go to the forest to cut it,

iako je to naša stara tradicija. although|||||tradition even though it is our old tradition.

Domaćica taj dan, Hausfrau|| Housewife|that|that day The hostess that day,

majka porodice ili domaćica kuće, |||Hausfrau| mother of the family||or||of the house the mother of the family or housewife,

priprema puno hrane. preparation||food prepares a lot of food.

priprema posnu hranu. |fasten| |Lenten|food Vorbereitung von Fastenessen. prepares fasting food.

Posna hrana, zato što je u toku božićni post. Fasten-||||||Verlauf|| Lenten|food|||||during|Christmas|fast Fastenessen, weil die Weihnachtsfastenzeit läuft. Fasting because there is a Christmas fast in progress.

Nekih 6 nedelja, einigen| some|weeks Etwa 6 Wochen. Some 6 weeks,

ja mislim 6 nedelja pre Božića, ||||Christmas i think 6 weeks before christmas,

vernici poste. |Poste believers of fasting.

Pravoslavci, ljudi koji idu u crkvu, vernici, poste. |||||Kirche|| Orthodox people|people|||||believers|fast Orthodox, people who go to church, believers, fast.

To znači: It means:

ne jedu hranu životinjskog porekla. |eat||animal origin|origin they do not eat food of animal origin.

Kada neko posti, to znači ne jede meso, When someone fasts, it means not eating meat,

ne jede jaja, ne jede mleko, |||||milk doesn't eat eggs, doesn't eat milk,

to je post, it|| this is a post,

iz religioznih religijskih razloga |religiösen|| of|religious|religious|reasons for religious religious reasons

to se zove post. it's called fasting.

Za Badnji dan hrana je posna. |Christmas Eve|||| For Christmas, food is lean.

Obično za Badnje veče, Christmas Eve, Usually||||| Usually on Christmas Eve, Christmas Eve,

priprema se posna božićna trpeza. ||||Tisch ||||table Es wird ein fleischloses Weihnachtsessen vorbereitet. a fast Christmas table is being prepared.

Najčešće tu je pasulj prebranac |||Bohnen|Prebranac Am häufigsten gibt es dort die Bohnensuppe Prebranac. Most often there is bean sprouts

"baked beans" na engleskom печеные|фасоль|| |Bohnen|| baked|baked beans|| "Baked beans" auf Englisch. "baked beans" in english

riba se sprema Fisch wird zubereitet the fish are getting ready

(riba spada u posnu hranu, |gehört||| (Fisch gehört zu den Fastenspeisen, (fish is a fast food,

iako riba jeste životinja, ||is|animal obwohl Fisch ein Tier ist, although fish is an animal,

ali u hrišćanstvu riba je posna hrana) ||Christianity|fish||| but in Christianity fish is fasting)

peče se bundeva, pečena bundeva (pumpkin), |||||Kürbis ||pumpkin||pumpkin| pumpkin roast, pumpkin roast,

orasi, orašasti plodovi, suvo voće, ||Nüsse|| nuts, nuts, dried fruits,

i hleb, koji se specijalno peče za tu priliku. |Brot||||||| and bread, which is specially baked for the occasion.

Vratiću se na to. ich werde zurückkehren||| I'll get back to that.

Uveče, kad padne mrak, |||Dunkelheit In the evening, when it is dark,

što je negde oko 5 sati u ovo doba godine, |||||||Zeit| which is about 5 o'clock this time of year,

negde oko 5 sati uveče, around 5 in the evening,

domaćin, glava porodice, otac, host, head of family, father,

unosi badnjak. bringt| brings in a Christmas tree.

I u mojoj porodici uvek je to bilo ||meiner||||| And in my family it always was

da tata izađe napolje, for dad to go out,

badnjak čeka ispred kuće, |liegt|| a Christmas tree waits outside the house,

i onda tata izađe i deca, mi deca sa njim, and then dad goes out and the kids, we kids with him,

idemo iza njega, |hinter| we go behind him,

tata unosi badnjak u kuću, ||||Haus Daddy brings a Christmas tree to the house,

a mi idemo iza njega i pijučemo. ||||||пьем ||||||trinken and we go behind it and drink.

Pijučemo kao pilići. trinken|| Wir piepsen wie Küken. We drink like chickens.

Pile, to je mala kokoška, beba kokoške. ||||Hühnchen|| Küken, das ist ein kleines Huhn, ein Küken. Chicken, it's a little chicken, baby chicken.

I deca pijuču: „piju piju piju“ ||trinken||| Und die Kinder piepsen: „pieu pieu pieu“ And children drink: "drink drink drink"

i tako idu iza oca. and so they go behind their father.

U kući je majka, domaćica, The house has a mother, a housewife,

majka porodice, the mother of the family,

i ona ih dočekuje. |||empfängt and she welcomes them.

U rukama ima sito. |||Sieb In den Händen hat sie ein Sieb. He has a sieve in his hands.

Ja sam spremila da vam pokažem, ||vorbereitet||| Ich habe mich vorbereitet, um es Ihnen zu zeigen, I'm ready to show you,

ovo je sito, kroz ovo se seje brašno. ||||||siebt| das ist ein Sieb, durch das man Mehl siebt. this is a sieve, flour is sifted through this.

To je sito, a u situ ima orahe |||||||Walnüsse It's a sieve, and in situ it has nuts

i razno zrnevlje. ||зерновые культуры ||Getreide and various grains.

Ja ovde imam zrna kukuruza |||Körner|Mais I have corn kernels here

ovo je kukuruz ||Mais this is corn

to sam imala u kući da vam pokažem I had it in the house to show you

ovo je kukuruz this is corn

i može biti žito, različito zrnevlje i orasi. |||Getreide|||| and can be cereals, different grains and nuts.

Majka dočekuje sa tim Mother welcomes it

i gađa nas, posipa nas, |он стреляет||| |wirft||| and it hits us, it sprinkles on us,

baca na nas to zrnevlje. wirft|||| throws that grain at us.

Kao da smo pilići. It's like we're chickens.

I ušli smo u kuću, uneli smo badnjak, |||||внесли|| |||||gebracht|| And we went into the house, we brought a Christmas tree,

i onda sedamo za večeru, ||||Abendessen and then we sit down for dinner,

koja je na podu. |||Boden which is on the floor.

U mojoj porodici, In my family,

badnja večera uvek je bila na podu. Weihnachts-|||||| Christmas dinner was always on the floor.

Ne na stolu, nego na podu, dole. ||||||unten Not on the table, but on the floor, down.

Ja sada saznajem da je to zato što je ||erfahre|||||| I now find out it is because it is

ta večera bila postavljana |||была накрыта |||gedeckt that evening was set

i za žive i za mrtve. |||||die Toten for both the living and the dead.

I za nas koji sada živimo, i za naše pretke. ||||||||unsere| And for us who now live, and for our ancestors.

Preci, to su: deda, pa moj pradeda, čukundeda... |||||||Urgroßvater Ancestors, these are: Grandpa, so my great-grandfather, great-grandson ...

To su preci. These are the ancestors.

Znači ova večera je postavljana So this dinner is set

i za nas koji sada živimo and for us who now live

i za naše pretke koji više nisu živi. and for our ancestors who are no longer alive.

Zbog toga je postavljana na podu. Because of this, it was laid on the floor.

Danas mnoge porodice Many families today

badnju večeru postavljaju redovno na stolu, Weihnachts-||||| they set Christmas dinner regularly on the table,

ne na podu, not on the floor,

ali u mojoj porodici je sačuvana ta stara tradicija |||||bewahrt||| but that old tradition is preserved in my family

da se za Badnje veče jede na podu. to eat on the floor for Christmas Eve.

Postavimo ćebe ili prekrivač (blanket) |одеяло||покрывало|одеяло ||||Decke Let's put a blanket or blanket on

jedno ćebe postavimo na pod, ||legen|| we put one blanket on the floor,

na njega stavimo čaršav ili stolnjak, |||скатерть|| ||legen||| we put a sheet or tablecloth on it,

kao jedna tkanina, platno koje se stavlja inače na sto, ||tuch||||||| like one cloth, a cloth that is put on the table otherwise,

stolnjak (tablecloth) |скатерть |Tischdecke tablecloth

to stavimo i tu onda poređamo sve, |||||расставляем| |||||ordnen| we put it there and then we compare everything,

sve što treba: razne činije sa hranom, ||||Schalen|| all you need: various food bowls,

tanjire, pribor za jelo, kašike i viljuške, ||||Löffel|| plates, cutlery, spoons and forks,

i ukrug okolo poređamo jastuke, ||||Kissen and round the pillows,

jastučiće na kojima možemo da sedimo. Kissen||||| the pads we can sit on.

U mojoj porodici za Badnje veče uvek se lomila česnica. ||||||||gebrochen| In my family on Christmas Eve, garlic was always broken.

Česnica, to je božićni hleb Česnica|||| Garlic, it's Christmas bread

koji je hleb ali pljostnat i okrugao, pogača. |||||||погача ||||||rund| which is bread but flat and round, it breaks.

Ako znate šta je pogača, to je u stvari pogača ||||Fladenbrot||||| If you know what a cake is, it's actually a cake

I u tom... And in that ...

to je specijalan hleb, specijalna pogača ||||spezialne| it's a special bread, a special cake

zove se česnica it's called garlic

u njoj se uvek nalazi jedan novčić ||||||Münze there is always one coin in it

to je metalni novac ||metallisches| it's metal money

novčić ili coin na engleskom ||монета|| ||Münze|| coin or coin in english

metalni novac coins

u njoj se nalaze i druge stvari koje simbolišu ||||||||symbolisieren it contains other things that symbolize it

simbolički predstavljaju |stellen dar symbolically represent

na primer, grančica drena |||Dornbeere for example, a twig twig

koja simboliše zdravlje ||Gesundheit which symbolizes health

uvek u našoj tradiciji dren simboliše zdravlje ||||||Gesundheit Immer in unserer Tradition symbolisiert der Kornelkirsche Gesundheit always in our tradition the drain symbolizes health

dren - možete da potražite na guglu |||||Гугле |||||Google Kornelkirsche - Sie können danach bei Google suchen dren - you can search on google

Zaboravila sam kako se to zove ich habe vergessen||||| Ich habe vergessen, wie das heißt I forgot what its name was

na engleskom, ima neko... in english, there is someone ...

dogwood ili tako nešto se zove, čudno, na engleskom дерево-догв|||||||| ||||||seltsam|| dogwood or something is called, strangely, in English

dogwood, ja mislim - dren. Dornbeere||| dogwood, i think - dren.

I drugo neko zrnevlje. And another grain.

Svako zrno, svaki element koji se nalazi u česnici ||||||||der Hostie Jedes Korn, jedes Element, das sich in der Česnica befindet Every grain, every element found in garlic

ima svoju simboliku. ||Symbolik hat seine eigene Symbolik. it has its symbolism.

U mojoj porodici, otac je uveče, na podu In meiner Familie hat mein Vater abends auf dem Boden In my family, my father is on the floor in the evening

kada je postavljena ta trpeza za Badnje veče ||gestellt||||| when that table was set for Christmas Eve

sto za Badnje veče, table for Christmas Eve,

on je lomio česnicu i |||Weihnachtsbrot| he broke the garlic and

svakome davao po parče. |||Stück gave everyone a slice.

Svakome u porodici. Jederem|| Everyone in the family.

Svi mi koji bismo sedeli na podu na toj večeri |||würden|||||| All of us who would be sitting on the floor that night

dobijali bismo po jedan komad |würden||| we would get one piece at a time

i jedan komad hleba za kuću ||Stück||| and one piece of bread for the house

za celu kuću |das ganze| for the whole house

i jedan komad za putnika namernika. |||||путешественника |||||Reisenden und ein Stück für den reisenden Wanderer. and one piece for the destination traveler.

To je neki čovek koji bi slučajno došao u našu kuću. ||||||zufällig|||| Das ist irgendein Mensch, der zufällig in unser Haus kommen würde. That's the kind of man who would come to our house by accident.

To se kaže "putnik namernik". ||||путешественник ||||Reisender Das sagt man "reisender Wanderer". This is called "traveler".

Znači, neko ko dođe kod nas, ||der||| So someone who comes to us,

neki posetilac, neki gost. |Besucher|| some visitor, some guest.

Onda bismo mi jeli taj hleb Then we would eat that bread

i prvo gledali, tražili šta ima u tom parčetu ||||||||Stück and they looked first, looking for what was in that piece

koje smo mi dobili, that we got,

tražili novčić. asked for a coin.

Naravno, uvek je bilo najinteresantnije ||||am interessantesten Of course, it was always the most interesting

da u tom parčetu česnice dobijemo novčić. |||||bekommen| to get a coin in that piece of garlic.

Veruje se, onaj ko dobije novčić u česnici, glaubt||||||| It is believed, the one who gets the coin in the garlic,

da će cele godine ||das ganze| that all year long

biti kod njega bogatstvo, |||Reichtum to have wealth with him,

da će on imati novca, that he will have money,

da će biti dobro finansijski, naravno. ||||finanziell| that it will be good financially, of course.

Imaće novca ako dobije novčić u česnici. er wird haben|||||| He'll have money if he gets a coin in garlic.

U nekim porodicama |in einigen|Familien In some families

česnica se pravi za Božić. garlic is made for Christmas.

Ona je deo Božićnog ručka, zapravo. She's part of Christmas lunch, actually.

Ne za Badnje veče, Not for Christmas Eve,

nego 7. januara, na Božić than on January 7, at Christmas

A u Vojvodini, i u Sremu, |||||Срем |||||Srem Und in der Vojvodina, und in Srem, And in Vojvodina, and in Srem,

gde ja sada živim, |||lebe wo ich jetzt lebe, where I live now,

česnica zapravo nije pogača, ist česnica eigentlich kein Fladenbrot, garlic is not really a cake,

nego je slatka pita, kao baklava, slična kao baklava |||Torte||||| aber es ist ein süßer Kuchen, wie Baklava, ähnlich wie Baklava but a sweet pie, like baklava, similar to baklava

pravi se od tankih kora ||||Schichten es wird aus dünnen Blättern gemacht made of thin crust

tankog testa, od oraha i meda. |||Walnüssen|| aus dünnem Teig, aus Nüssen und Honig. thin dough, made of walnut and honey.

Kao baklava, Like a baklava,

vrlo slična baklavi. ||Baklava very similar to baklava.

I to je... za Božić... da. And that's ... for Christmas ... yes.

Još jedan običaj, vrlo interesantan ||||interessant Another custom, very interesting

za božićno veče for Christmas Eve

za Badnje veče, pre Božića, on Christmas Eve, before Christmas,

jeste da je tata uvek iz ovog sita |||||||Sieb is that daddy is always out of this screen

iz ovog sita uzimao orahe ||Sieb|| took nuts from this sieve

uzimao bi četiri oraha ||vier| he would take four nuts

četiri oraha vier| four nuts

i u svaki ugao kuće bi bacio po jedan orah |||Ecke|||||| and he would throw one nut at each corner of the house

tako da napravi krst ||macht| so he makes a cross

u svaki ugao po jedan orah one nut per corner

četiri ugla u sobi |||Zimmer four corners in the room

četiri oraha, za svaki ugao po jedan orah. four nuts, one nuts for each corner.

Ja sam nedavno pročitala ||vor kurzem| I read it recently

da je to u stvari ponuda za pretke. |||||Angebot|| that this is in fact an offer to the ancestors.

To je neka vrsta žrtve ||eine|| It's kind of a sacrifice

ili ponuda ili hrana za pretke. or supply or food for ancestors.

Zašto toliko se govori o precima? |||||Vorfahren Why is there so much talk about ancestors?

Zato... Therefore ...

(o našim starima, jel, deda moga dede - to je moj predak) |unseren||||||||| (über unsere Vorfahren, ja, der Großvater meines Großvaters - das ist mein Vorfahr) (about our old ones, right, my grandfather's grandfather - that's my ancestor)

(ancestor je predak, ancestor) предок||| Ahne||| (ancestor ist Vorfahr, ancestor) (ancestor is ancestor, ancestor)

Zato što stari Srbi i stari Sloveni ||||||Slawen Weil die alten Serben und alten Slawen Because old Serbs and old Slavs

imali su običaj da sahranjuju umrle haben||||| Sie hatten die Gewohnheit, die Verstorbenen zu begraben they used to bury the dead

ispod praga. |Türschwelle unter der Schwelle. below the threshold.

To je na ulazu u kuću. Gde... |||Eingang||| Das ist am Eingang des Hauses. Wo... It's at the entrance to the house. Where...

Kada ulazimo u kuću, tu su vrata, |gehen wir hinein||||| When we enter the house, there is a door,

i ispod vrata je prag. ||||Schwelle and below the door is a threshold.

I običaj starih Slovena i starih Srba ||alter|||| And the custom of the old Slavs and the old Serbs

je bio da se ispod praga sahranjuju mrtvi. |||||||tote was to bury the dead below the threshold.

Zato... Oni su bili deo tradicije, bili su deo porodice That's why ... They were part of the tradition, they were part of the family

i zato se njima takođe sprema večera, and that is why they are also preparing dinner,

tako važna večera kao što je večera kada se such an important dinner as dinner when

dočekuje rođenje mladog Boga ili Božića. welcomes the birth of a young God or Christmas. Danas mnogi Srbi odlaze ispred crkve, |||gehen|| Heute gehen viele Serben vor die Kirche, Today, many Serbs leave in front of the church,

odlaze u centar grada, gehen||| sie gehen ins Stadtzentrum, going downtown,

gde se organizuje paljenje badnjaka |||Zünden| wo das Anzünden des Badnjaks organisiert wird. where the burning of the Christmas trees is organized

badnjak badnjak

rekla sam: hrastovo drvo (oak tree) je badnjak ||Eichen-||||| I said: oak tree is a Christmas tree

to je naše božićno drvo it's our Christmas tree

zato što, u prošlosti smo to radili u kući |||Vergangenheit||||| because, in the past, we did it in the house

Ali danas mnogi ljudi žive u stanovima, imaju... ||||||Wohnungen| But today many people live in apartments, have ...

drugačije se greju, anders|| they heat differently,

nemaju takve kamine i takve peći, ||Kamine||| they don't have fireplaces and stoves like that,

gde mogu da lože tako veliku vatru |||legen||| where they can burn such a large fire

i da lože, da gore badnjak ||||brennen| and for the lodge to burn the Christmas tree

i pretpostavljam da zbog toga mnogi onda odlaze |ich nehme an|||||| und ich nehme an, dass viele deshalb gehen and I guess that's why so many leave

i prisustvuju paljenju badnjaka ||der Entzündung| und der Zeremonie der Anzündung des Weihnachtsbaums beiwohnen and attend the burning of the Christmas tree

napolju, na otvorenom, obično ispred crkve ||Freien||| draußen, im Freien, normalerweise vor der Kirche outside, outdoors, usually in front of the church

u centru grada, na nekom trgu. |Zentrum|||| downtown, some square.

Pa videćete, ima puno fotografija ||||Fotos Well you'll see, there are lots of photos

i ispred Hrama Svetog Save u Beogradu ||des Tempels|||| and in front of St. Sava Temple in Belgrade

takođe se na Badnje veče organizuje it is also organized on Christmas Eve

paljenje badnjaka. burning the Christmas tree.

Ako ste u Beogradu, sigurno će biti interesantno If you are in Belgrade, it will certainly be interesting

da odete i da to vidite. to go and see it.

Što mi radimo sa badnjakom, ||||Weihnachtsbaum What do we do with the Christmas tree,

u mojoj porodici priča sa badnjakom nastavlja se |||||Weihnachtsbaum|setzt| In my family, the story of the Christmas tree continues

na božićno jutro. on Christmas morning.

Na Božić je jako važno da se ustane rano ujutru. |||||||aufsteht|| It is very important at Christmas to get up early in the morning.

Budimo se u 6 sati, wir stehen||| Wake up at 6 o'clock,

što pre da se probudimo, ||||probuden to wake up as soon as possible,

zato što postoji jedan važan običaj, because there is one important custom,

jedan važan ritual, koji se zove polaženik. ||Ritual|||| one important ritual, called the ward.

Polaženik, polažajnik, polaznik, |Prüfling| Trainee, trainee, trainee,

ima različite varijante imena. |verschiedene|| has different name variants.

U svakom slučaju, ime dolazi od glagola |||Name||| In any case, the name comes from a verb

polaziti ili poći gehen|| starten oder gehen to leave or to leave

ja pođem, ja polazim |||verlasse ich gehe, ich starte I go, I go

To znači: počinjem da idem, krećem, startujem. To je start. ||||||starte||| Das bedeutet: Ich beginne zu gehen, ich setze mich in Bewegung, ich starte. Das ist der Start. This means: I'm starting to go, move, start. It's a start.

Poći, polaziti je startovati, start. ||||start To go, to start is to start, to start.

Zato je polaznik Deshalb ist es der Teilnehmer That's why he's a student

(tako se zove: polaznik ili polaženik ili polažajnik) (so nennt man ihn: Teilnehmer oder Lernender oder Prüfender) (so-called: trainee or trainee or trainee)

zato što je to osoba weil es sich um eine Person handelt because it's a person

koja prva dođe u našu kuću na božićno jutro. which comes first to our house on Christmas morning.

I to je čovek koji će poći, And this is the man who will go,

započeti našu novu godinu. beginnen||| start our new year.

I on će odrediti kakva će biti cela naša godina. |||определить|||||| |||bestimmen|||||| And he will determine what our whole year will be like.

Pa ima i u drugim tradicijama |||||Traditionen Well there are in other traditions

mislim da je to Irska ili neka anglo-saksonska tradicija |||||||anglo|| I think it's Ireland or some Anglo-Saxon tradition

da se zove "first-foot" |||первый|нога ||||Fuß to be called "first-foot"

ili "first-footer", tako nešto je ime. ||подвал|||| ||footer|||| or "first-footer", that's something of a name.

Znači neko ko prvi uđe u kuću ||||eintreten|| So someone who enters the house first

ko određuje kakva će biti naša godina. |bestimmt||||| who determines what our year will be like.

Polaženik je jako važna institucija. ||||Institution The undergraduate is a very important institution.

Ja, kao dete i kao tinejdžer, |||||Teenager I, as a kid and as a teenager,

ja sam uvek bila polaženik kod moje tetke. |||||||Tante I was always a attendant at my aunt's.

Moja tetka živi u zgradi |Tante||| My aunt lives in the building

u stambenoj zgradi |жилом| ||gebäude in einem Wohngebäude in an apartment building

gde nema kamina, nema peći ||Kamin|| wo es keinen Kamin, keinen Ofen gibt where there is no fireplace, no stove

nema vatre, nema gde da se zapali vatra. ||||||anzünden| es gibt kein Feuer, es gibt keinen Ort, um ein Feuer zu entfachen. there is no fire, there is nowhere to fire.

I onda, moja tetka uvek And then, my aunt always

uključi rernu električnog šporeta schalte||| schalte den Ofen des elektrischen Herdes ein turn on the stove

uključi rernu (oven) ||духовку schalte ein|| schalte den Ofen ein turn on the oven

uključi rernu električnog šporeta, schalte den Ofen des elektrischen Herdes ein turn on the stove,

da se dobro zagreje |||wärmt to keep it warm

i onda bih ja uzela taj njen badnjak, grančice badnjaka and then I would take that her Christmas tree, the branches of the Christmas tree

i prislonila na grejače u rerni |||||Ofen und an die Heizungen im Ofen gelehnt and leaned on the heaters in the oven

i tako pravila varnice. |||Funken und so Funken gemacht. and so the rules of the spark.

Varnica (sparkle) |искриться Varnica| Funke (sparkle) Sparkle

Važno je da se prave varnice It is important that sparks are made

i onda polaženik sa tim varnicama |||||Funken and then the attendant with those sparks

govori svoje želje ||Wünsche speak your wishes

za tu porodicu, za narednu godinu. ||||nächsten| for that family, for the coming year.

I običaj je... And the custom is ...

Obično se počinje rečima: |||Worten It usually starts with the words:

"Koliko varnica, toliko parica." |||Geld "How many sparks, so many pairs."

"Koliko varnica, toliko ... petica." |||пятерок |||Fünfer "How many sparks, so many ... fives."

i sad dodaje se ||fügt| and now it is added

šta god da neko želi whatever anyone wants

toj porodici, šta je njima potrebno. that family, what they need.

"Koliko varnica, toliko parica." "How many sparks, so many pairs."

(How many sparkles, that many coins.) ||блестки|столько||монет |||so viele|| (How many sparkles, that many coins.)

that many money, ili tako nešto ||Geld||| that much money, or something

i dodaju se druge stvari |fügen||| and other things are added

"Koliko varnica, toliko srećica" (that many lucks) |||Glück||| "How many sparks, so many luck" (that many lucks)

Polaženik je jako važan, važna osoba The attendant is a very important, important person

On će odrediti kakva će nam biti godina He will determine what our age will be like

i onda mi to ne prepuštamo slučaju |||||überlassen| and then we do not leave it to chance

ne želimo da bude slučajno |wir wollen||| we don't want it to be accidental

ko će nam započeti novu godinu, who will start the new year for us,

nego se dogovorimo. ||vereinbaren but agree.

To bude dogovoreno unapred |||im Voraus This will be agreed in advance

ko će kod koga ići. |||wen| who will go to whom.

I nas su kao decu uvek plašili: ||||||geängstigt And as children they always scared us:

"Nemoj da neko bude pre tebe! verboten||||| "Don't let anyone be before you!

"Moraš rano da ustaneš, rano da se probudiš, |||||||wachst "You have to get up early, wake up early,

da stigneš na vreme, nemoj da kasniš." |du kommst|||||verspätet to arrive on time, don't be late. "

I onda smo mi tako učili |||||gelernt And then we learned that way

da ustajemo rano |aufstehen| to get up early

da ne bismo nešto propustili ||||verpassen lest we miss something

da ne bi neko drugi... lest anyone else ...

I sada u mojoj porodici, And now in my family,

mi za Badnje veče i za Božić us on Christmas Eve and Christmas

uvek idemo kod moje mame, ja i moj brat we always go to my mom, me and my brother

i mi svi zajedno imamo troje dece |||||drei| and we all have three children together

i sada od to troje dece ||||drei| and now of those three children

tri deteta ili troje dece |Kinder||| three children or three children

ko se prvi probudi |||wachst who wakes up first

taj će ići kod tetke da bude polaženik. that one will go to his aunt to be the attendant.

Naravno, to je jako važno, Of course, this is very important,

polaženik dobija specijalne počasti, |||Ehrungen the trainee receives special honors,

tretira se kao specijalan gost, behandelt|||| is treated as a special guest,

i dobija poklone. and receives gifts.

Zato je i deci važno da se probude rano |||||||probieren| That is why it is important for children to wake up early

i da urade taj zadatak, ||machen|| and to do the task,

da obave tu ceremoniju, |absolvieren|| to perform that ceremony,

da budu oni polaženici. |||Prüflinge to be those attendants.

U nekim porodicama deca su polaženici |||||Schüler In some families, children are attendants

u svojoj kući. |ihrer| in own house.

I isto bude: ko se prvi probudi, on obavlja taj zadatak. ||||||||er erledigt|| And so it is: whoever first wakes up does the task.

Na taj način i deca se uče da rano ustaju. |||||||||aufstehen In this way, children are also taught to get up early.

Kasnije, za Božić Later, for Christmas

priprema se, naravno, svečani ručak, |||festliches| of course, a formal lunch is being prepared,

specijalan ručak, special lunch,

koji je bogat, obavezno tu... ||reich|verpflichtend| der reich ist, unbedingt hier ... who is rich, sure to be here ...

obično bude ist normalerweise usually be

podvarak блюдо из кап Unterbau Beilage podvarak

kiseli kupus, ali rezan, sauerkraut, but sliced,

kao prženi kiseli kupus - to je podvarak ||saurer|||| like roasted sauerkraut - it's a decoction Tako se zove jelo: sauerkraut ||||квашеная кап ||||Sauerkraut That's the name of the dish: sauerkraut

baked sauerkraut, mislim da je na engleskom podvarak |Sauerkraut|||||| baked sauerkraut, i think in english is a fake

to je neko tipično jelo |||typisches| it's some typical dish

i obično ide sa ćuretinom ||||Putein and usually goes with the turkey

ili sa piletinom. ||Hühnchen or with chicken.

I druga su tu jela, And there are other dishes,

slatkiši, naravno. Süßigkeiten| sweets, of course.

E, ono što je važno da u nekim porodicama Well, what's important is that in some families

deo tog božićnog ručka je česnica. part of that Christmas lunch is garlic.

Znači, nije na Badnje veče, nego je na BOŽIĆ (greška) |||||||||Fehler So it's not Christmas Eve, it's Christmas (mistake)

Meni se često dešavalo, kad sam bila dete, |||passiert|||| It happened to me a lot when I was a kid,

pošto smo imali Da wir hatten since we had

različite običaje u mojoj kući sa mojim roditeljima ||||||meinen| different customs in my house with my parents

i kod moje tetke i bake, gde sam odlazila, |||||Oma||| and with my aunt and grandmother, where I went,

onda ja na Badnje veče then me on Christmas Eve

dobijam komad česnice u svojoj kući bekomme||||| I get a piece of garlic in my house a sutradan, pošto sam polaženik kod tetke, |am nächsten Tag||||| and the next day, since I am an attendant at my aunt's,

onda dobijem i tamo komad česnice |bekomme|||| then i get a piece of garlic there too

pa, uglavnom, well, mostly,

često sam dobijala taj novčić ||bekommen|| I often got that coin

To su obično bili 5 dinara ||||Dinar These were usually 5 dinars

ili danas 10 dinara, verovatno 20 dinara ||Dinar|| or today 10 dinars, probably 20 dinars

ne znam, veliki novčić se stavlja I don't know, a big coin is being put

i to je jako velika sreća. |||||Glück and it is very fortunate.

Eto, to su otprilike, ukratko, |||ungefähr| Well, these are about, in short,

to su svi običaji koje imamo these are all customs we have

Najvažniji der wichtigste The most important

ja sam sad stvarno najvažnije samo ispričala. ||||||entschuldigt I really just said the most important thing right now.

Ja sam napisala i post na engleskom, naravno, ||geschrieben||||| I also wrote a post in English, of course,

na mom blogu, gde sve to možete da pročitate ||||||||lesen on my blog, where you can read all that

mnogo detaljnije i organizovanije. |detaillierter|| much more detailed and organized.

Žao mi je što je sad bilo ovako malo nezgodno. |||||||||ungünstig I'm sorry it was a little awkward now.

Nisam uspela prosto da se uključim |geschafft|||| I just couldn't get involved

na onaj prethodan ||vorhergehende to the previous one

link koji sam napravila, onaj prethodan ivent. Link|||||| the link I made, that previous event.

Ne znam zašto mi nije... I don't know why I didn't ...

Jednostavno mi nije dopustio da se uključim |||erlaubt||| He just didn't let me get involved

pa sam otišla onda i napravila novi. so then i went and made a new one.

Nadam se da oni koji su tražili da su našli, |||||||||gefunden I hope those who have asked to have found,

ako ne, gledaće snimak, i to je to. ||wird schauen|Video|||| if not, he'll watch the recording, and that's it. Ja sada ne vidim, ne znam da li ima nekih pitanja ovde. I don't see now, I don't know if there are any issues here.

Verovatno da nema Probably not

Hvala vam puno, hvala što me pratite. ||||||verfolgen Thank you very much, thank you for following me.

Značilo bi mi takođe da es würde bedeuten|||| It would also mean to me that

pratite na Jutjubu (YouTube) ||YouTube| follow on YouTube (YouTube)

i da uključite zvono (turn on the bell) |||||||звонок ||||turnen||| and turn on the bell

I takođe na Fejsbuku sve objavljujem |||||veröffentliche And I also post everything on Facebook

i na mom njusletteru (newsletter) ||||Newsletter and on my newsletter

biće i transkript ovog videa ||Transkript|| there will also be a transcript of this video

biće i prevod na engleski es wird|||| there will also be a translation into English

Nadam se da će vam biti korisno I hope you find it useful

A vi podelite sa nekim kome smatrate ||||||halten And you share with someone you consider

da će takođe ovo biti korisno that this will also be useful

Hvala vam puno! Srećan vam Božić! Thank you very much! Merry Christmas to you!

Merry Christmas everyone! Счастливого||всем Frohe|| Merry Christmas everyone!

i vidimo se! and see you!

Ćao! Bye!