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Asd 3, What is Economics?

What is Economics?

Economics struck me as a tool,

how you can analyse something, figure out what's going on,

and then come up with the best possible solution

to help the general public.

Economics is the study of trade offs.

It brings in history and psychology

and politics and current events.

Economics spans lots of different disciplines.

It's a bit mathematical, it's a bit business-y,

it's a social science.

The way I see it is trying to understand

the uncertain world around us.

We sometimes use data on interesting things

and just create fun graphs.

A bit of coding goes on, I think,

in the spare time of a lot of economists.

A very novel peice of economic work

done a few years ago was to look at corruption

in the sumo wrestling industry.

I actually don't think that many people

necessarily have a strong idea about what

an economist actually does.

I think people think that I'm a bank teller sometimes,

and I'm sitting there cashing checks

for members of the public.

My wife often thinks that I know a lot about accountancy.

I know very little about accountancy.

A lot of people think economics is all about money.

Money's just a convenient measure for something.

Accountants are sitting there studying books,

thinking about how much tax needs to be paid.

An economist thinks about well, how much tax should be paid?

My day-to-day job is in an organisation

that thinks about interest rates and the financial sector,

but it can go much further than that.

Currently I work on the prices desk at the RBA

so I look at inflation and of course,

inflation is one of the indicators

of the health of the economy.

Just after the election of Donald Trump,

I was the U.S. economist, helping to

figure out what was going on in the U.S. economy

and trying to work that into a narrative

and a set of forecasts.

I am analysing the Chinese economy

and Chinese financial markets.

So what I do in my job is

actually implement monetary policy.

The idea is to make sure the cash rate is what

the Reserve Bank Board sets it at.

People in economics think about world poverty.

Analysing the macro economy for say, a bank

or an investment bank, or in the private sector

in another capacity.

Environmental economics being one of them,

health economics being another.

NGOs require economists.

They think about history,

they think about what went on in the Great Depression.

They think about family decisions,

people thinking about the trade-offs involved in that.

It's a very broad subject.

A career as an economist or choosing to be an economist,

is really versatile, so you're really not

pigeonholing yourself into one particular area

or one particular discipline.

It really just gives you a nice way

to think big picture.

I think if you're really keen to understand

the world around you, economics is really something for you.

It's fun, it's interesting.

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What is Economics? ||經濟學 Was ist Wirtschaft? ¿Qué es la economía? Qu'est-ce que l'économie ? Che cos'è l'economia? 経済学とは? 경제학이란 무엇인가요? O que é a economia? Что такое экономика? Ekonomi Nedir? 什么是经济学? 什麼是經濟學?

Economics struck me as a tool, Kinh tế học||||| |給我印象|||| economía|me impresionó||||herramienta 经济学|给我印象|||| 経済学はツールとして私を襲った、 Экономика показалась мне инструментом,

how you can analyse something, figure out what's going on, |||分析|||||| |||||figura|||| |||分析|||||| どうやって何かを分析し、何が起こっているかを理解し、 как вы можете проанализировать что-то, понять, что происходит,

and then come up with the best possible solution ||||||||解决方案 ||verbo auxiliar||con|||| а затем найти наилучшее возможное решение.

to help the general public. чтобы помочь широкой общественности.

Economics is the study of trade offs. 经济学|||研究||权衡|权衡 |||||trade| |||||intercambios| ||||||取捨 経済学はトレードオフの研究です。 Экономика - это изучение компромиссов.

It brings in history and psychology |带来||||心理学 |||||心理學 歴史と心理学をもたらします

and politics and current events. |政治||當前| |||actuales| |政治||当前|事件

Economics spans lots of different disciplines. 经济学(1)|涵盖||||学科 Economics|encompasses||||disciplines |abarca|||| |abrange|||| Экономика охватывает множество различных дисциплин.

It's a bit mathematical, it's a bit business-y, |||數學化||||| |||mathematical||||| |||matemática||||| |||||||商业的|

it's a social science. ||社会的|社会科学 |||ciencia social

The way I see it is trying to understand ||||||努力||理解 Как я вижу, я пытаюсь понять.

the uncertain world around us. |不确定的||我们周围| |uncertain||| |incierto||| |incerta|||

We sometimes use data on interesting things |||||有趣的|

and just create fun graphs. ||||图表 ||||graphs ||||gráficas divertidas ||||gráficos divertidos

A bit of coding goes on, I think, |||编程|||| |||coding|||| |||programación|||| Penso que se passa um pouco de codificação,

in the spare time of a lot of economists. ||||||||经济学家 ||||||||economists ||tiempo libre|||||| no tempo livre de muitos economistas.

A very novel peice of economic work ||新颖的|作品||经济学| |||piece||| |||pieza||| |||obra||| 非常に斬新な経済研究 Um trabalho económico muito inovador

done a few years ago was to look at corruption |||||||||腐败问题 ||||ago||||| ||poucos||||||| 数年前に行われたのは、腐敗を調べることでした feito há alguns anos foi olhar para a corrupção

in the sumo wrestling industry. ||相扑|| |||wrestling| |||lucha| ||sumô|| 相撲業界で。 na indústria da luta de sumo.

I actually don't think that many people |其实||||| De facto, não creio que muitas pessoas

necessarily have a strong idea about what 必然|||||| necessariamente ter uma ideia forte sobre o que

an economist actually does. |经济学家|实际上| um economista faz de facto.

I think people think that I'm a bank teller sometimes, ||||||||银行出纳员| |||||soy|||| Às vezes, as pessoas pensam que sou caixa de banco,

and I'm sitting there cashing checks ||||cashing|checks e eu estou ali sentado a descontar cheques

for members of the public. |公众成员||| para os membros do público.

My wife often thinks that I know a lot about accountancy. ||||||||||accounting ||||||||||会計学 |mi esposa|||||||||contabilidad

I know very little about accountancy. Sei muito pouco sobre contabilidade.

A lot of people think economics is all about money. Muitas pessoas pensam que a economia tem tudo a ver com dinheiro.

Money's just a convenient measure for something. Money|||handy||| O dinheiro é apenas uma medida conveniente para alguma coisa.

Accountants are sitting there studying books, Accountants||||| Os contabilistas estão ali sentados a estudar livros,

thinking about how much tax needs to be paid.

An economist thinks about well, how much tax should be paid? Um economista pensa bem, quanto é que se deve pagar de imposto?

My day-to-day job is in an organisation O meu trabalho quotidiano é numa organização

that thinks about interest rates and the financial sector, |||||||financial|sector que pensa nas taxas de juro e no sector financeiro,

but it can go much further than that. mas pode ir muito mais longe do que isso.

Currently I work on the prices desk at the RBA |||||precios||||RBA Atualmente trabalho na mesa de preços do RBA

so I look at inflation and of course, por isso olho para a inflação e, claro,

inflation is one of the indicators |||||indicators a inflação é um dos indicadores

of the health of the economy.

Just after the election of Donald Trump, |||election||| Logo após a eleição de Donald Trump,

I was the U.S. economist, helping to Eu era o economista dos EUA, ajudando a

figure out what was going on in the U.S. economy descobrir o que se estava a passar na economia dos EUA

and trying to work that into a narrative |||||||narrative e tentar inserir isso numa narrativa

and a set of forecasts. ||||forecasts ||conjunto||pronósticos

I am analysing the Chinese economy

and Chinese financial markets. e os mercados financeiros chineses.

So what I do in my job is Portanto, o que faço no meu trabalho é

actually implement monetary policy. |execute|monetary|

The idea is to make sure the cash rate is what A ideia é garantir que a taxa de caixa é a que

the Reserve Bank Board sets it at. |Reserve||||| o Conselho dos Bancos de Reserva fixa-o em. 储备银行董事会将其设定为。

People in economics think about world poverty. As pessoas que trabalham em economia pensam na pobreza mundial.

Analysing the macro economy for say, a bank ||macro||||| たとえば、銀行のマクロ経済を分析する Analisar a macroeconomia de um banco, por exemplo

or an investment bank, or in the private sector または投資銀行、または民間部門で ou um banco de investimento, ou no sector privado

in another capacity. ||role noutra qualidade.

Environmental economics being one of them,

health economics being another.

NGOs require economists. NGOs||

They think about history,

they think about what went on in the Great Depression. |||||||||大萧条 |||||||||Depression pensam no que se passou na Grande Depressão.

They think about family decisions, ||||家庭决策 ||||decisions

people thinking about the trade-offs involved in that. ||||||相关的|| as pessoas pensam nos compromissos envolvidos.

It's a very broad subject. |||广泛的|主题 |||broad| É um tema muito vasto.

A career as an economist or choosing to be an economist, |经济学家职业|||经济学家||选择||||经济学家 ||||||deciding|||| Uma carreira de economista ou a escolha de ser economista,

is really versatile, so you're really not ||多才多艺|||| ||versatile|||| ||多才多芸な|||| é muito versátil, pelo que não é necessário

pigeonholing yourself into one particular area 归类||||| pigeonholing||||| encasillándote||||| concentrar-se numa área específica

or one particular discipline. |一个|特定的|学科 |||subject

It really just gives you a nice way |||提供||||方式 É apenas uma forma agradável de

to think big picture. para pensar em termos globais.

I think if you're really keen to understand |||||渴望||理解 |||||entusiasta|| Penso que se está realmente interessado em compreender

the world around you, economics is really something for you. ||你周围的||经济学||||| o||||||||| o mundo à sua volta, a economia é realmente algo para si.

It's fun, it's interesting. É divertido, é interessante.