Μάθημα 4 : Η προφορά των γραμμάτων ||произношение||букв ||prononciation||lettres ||pronunciation|of the|letters Lição||pronúncia|dos|letras ||Aussprache||Buchstaben Lezione|La|pronuncia|delle|lettere שיעור|||| Lektion 4: Die Aussprache der Buchstaben Lesson 4: The pronunciation of the letters Lección 4 : La pronunciación de las letras Leçon 4 : La prononciation des lettres Lekcja 4: Wymowa liter Lição 4 : A pronúncia das letras Урок 4 : Произношение букв Ders 4 : Harflerin telaffuzu Урок 4: Вимова літер 第四课：字母的发音 Lezione 4: La pronuncia delle lettere

Σε αυτό το μάθημα θα δούμε πως προφέρονται τα γράμματα των ελληνικών . |||||увидим|||||| dans||||||comment|se prononcent||lettres|| |this|the|lesson|will|"we will see"|how|are pronounced||letters||Greek language's |||||veremos|como|são pronunciados|as letras|letras||gregos |||||||ausgesprochen werden||Buchstaben|| In|this|the|lezione|will|vedremo|come|si pronunciano|le|lettere|dell'|greco In dieser Lektion werden wir sehen, wie die griechischen Buchstaben ausgesprochen werden. In this lesson we will see how the Greek letters are pronounced. Dans ce cours, nous allons voir comment les lettres du grec se prononcent. Nesta lição, veremos como as letras gregas são pronunciadas. In questa lezione vedremo come si pronunciano le lettere del greco.

Τα γράμματα των ελληνικών έχουν μοναδικό ήχο . |||||уникальный|звук |||||unique|son The|letters|of the|Greek|have|unique|sound ||||têm|único|som de |||||einzigartigen|Klang Le|lettere|dell'|greco|hanno|unico|suono Die Buchstaben der Griechen haben einen einzigartigen Klang. The Greek letters have a unique sound. Les lettres du grec ont un son unique. Le lettere del greco hanno un suono unico. Δεν αλλάζει ο ήχος τους ανάλογα με την λέξη . |change||son||selon|||mot not|changes|the|sound|their|"according to"|with|the|word |changes||som|deles|de acordo|||palavra |||Ton||abhängig||| Non|cambia|il|suono|loro|a seconda|con|la|parola |||צליל||||| Ihr Klang ändert sich nicht je nach Wort. Their sound does not change according to the word. Leur son ne change pas en fonction du mot. Il loro suono non cambia a seconda della parola.

Αρχίζουμε λοιπόν ..... nous commençons|alors "We begin then"|"then" wir beginnen| Iniziamo|quindi começamos então|então So lass uns anfangen ..... So we start ..... Nous commençons donc ..... Iniziamo quindi .....

Α α  - like in  Army , lOve  -  π.χ  άνεμος , ψάρι , ασθενής , αντίο . ||comme|dans|armée|amour||||poisson|patient|au revoir ||||Army|o||e.g.|wind|fish|patient|goodbye |||||||z.B.|Wind|Fisch|Patient| A|a||||amore|||vento|pesce|malato|addio A (1)||como|exemplo|στρατός|amor|pi (1)|por exemplo|vento|peixe|doente|adeus Α α - wie in Army, Liebe - zB Wind, Fisch, Geduld, Auf Wiedersehen. A - like in Army, lOve - eg wind, fish, patient, goodbye. A a - comme dans Armée , Amour - par exemple vent , poisson , malade , au revoir. A a - come in Armata, Amore - ad esempio vento, pesce, paziente, addio.

Β β – like in Valey , Voice  -   π.χ  Βόλος , βοηθός ,αβαθής . ||||Valey|voix|||Volos|assistant|profond ||for example||Valey|Vowel|||Volos|Assistant|Shallow ||||||||Volos|Helfer|nicht tief B|b||||Voce|||Volos|aiuto|poco profondo B b - wie in Valey , Stimme - z.B. Volos , Assistent , Assistentin , ungestuft . B b - like in Valey, Voice - eg Volos, assistant, shallow. B b - comme dans Vallée , Voix - par exemple Volos , assistant , peu profond. B b – come in Valle, Voce - ad esempio Volos, assistente, poco profondo.

Γ γ – there is not this sound in English . ||il y a|||ce|son||anglais G(1)||there|||this|||English G|gamma|c'è|è|non|questo|suono|in|inglese Γ γ - there is this sound in English. G g – non esiste questo suono in inglese. We can find this sound in Portuguese  “rr”  or “r” in the beginning of the word . |pouvons|trouver||||portugais|rr||r||le|début|du||mot |can|find||||Portuguese|rr||r|||beginning|of||word Possiamo|trovare|trovare|questo|suono|in|portoghese|rr|o|r|in|il|inizio|di|la|parola We can find this sound in Portuguese “rr” or “r” in the beginning of the word. Possiamo trovare questo suono in portoghese "rr" o "r" all'inizio della parola. For example : rapaz , arrojo  - π.χ  γάτα , Αγαμέμνονας , γιαούρτι , αγόρι ,άλογο . par|exemple|garçon|audace|||chat|Agamemnon|yaourt||cheval |e.g.|boy|bravery|||cat|Agamemnon|Yogurt|boy|horse per|||audacia|||gatto|Agamennone|yogurt|ragazzo|cavallo Zum Beispiel: rapaz , arrojo - z. B. Katze , Agamemnon , Joghurt , Junge , Pferd . For example: rapaz, arrojo - eg cat, Agamemnon, yogurt, boy, horse. Ad esempio: rapaz, arrojo - p.e. γάτα, Αγαμέμνονας, γιαούρτι, αγόρι, άλογο.

Δ δ - – like the article THe plane . ||||article||avion ||||article||plane D|d||L'aereo|articolo||aereo Δ δ - - like the article THe plane. Δ δ - come l'articolo The plane. We can find this sound in Spanish  “d” in the middle of the word between vowels . ||||||espagnol|d|||milieu||||entre|les voyelles ||||||Spanish|d|||middle||||between|vowels Possiamo|trovare|trovare|questo|suono|in|spagnolo|d|in|il|mezzo|di|la|parola|tra|vocali We can find this sound in Spanish "d" in the middle of the word between vowels. Possiamo trovare questo suono in spagnolo "d" nel mezzo della parola tra le vocali. For example : aDorar , estaDos uniDos  - π.χ  Δέντρο , οδός , δελφίνι , δάσος . ||aDorar|états|États-Unis|||||| ||adorar|states|United|||tree|street|dolphin|forest |||||||Baum|Straße|Delfin| ||adorare||Stati Uniti|||Albero|Strada|Delfino|Foresta For example: aDorar, estaDos uniDos - eg Tree, street, dolphin, forest. Ad esempio: aDorar, estaDos uniDos - p. es. Δέντρο, οδός, δελφίνι, δάσος.

Ε ε - like in Airport , Air , Elephant    - π.χ  ελέφαντας , έλατο , ελατήριο , άνεμος . ||||aéroport|air|éléphant||||||vent ||||Airport|Air|elephant|||elephant|fir tree|spring|Wind ||||||||||Tanne|Feder| E||||aeroporto||elefante|||elefante|abete|molla|vento E e - wie in Flughafen , Luft , Elefant - z.B. Elefant , Tannenbaum , Frühling , Wind . E e - like in Airport, Air, Elephant - eg elephant, fir, spring, wind. E e - come in Aeroporto, Aria, Elefante - p. es. ελέφαντας, έλατο, ελατήριο, άνεμος.

Ζ ζ -  like in Zone , Zebra , maze   - π.χ  ζώο , ζω , ζάρι , παίζω . |||||||||||Würfel| Z||||zone|Zebra|maze|||animal|I live|dice|I play Z|z|||||labirinto|||animale|vivo|dado|gioco Z z - wie in Zone , Zebra , Labyrinth - z.B. Tier , leben , würfeln , spielen . Z z - like in Zone, Zebra, maze - eg animal, live, dice, play. Ζ ζ - come in Zona, Zebra, labirinto - p. es. ζώο, ζω, ζάρι, παίζω.

Η η - like in bEEr , babY   - π.χ  ήλιος  , πηγή  . ||||||||Sonne|Quelle ||||beer|baby|p||sun|source La|la|||birra|bambino|||sole|sorgente The - like in bEEr, babY - eg sun, source. Η η - come in birra, bambino - p. es. ήλιος, πηγή.

Θ θ - like in THeatre , Αthens  - π.χ  θέατρο , θάλασσα , Αθήνα , άθλος . ||||||||Theater||Athen|Heldentat Theta||||theatre|Athens|for example|th|theater|sea|Athens|feat, achievement, exploit T|th||||Atene|p|ch|teatro|mare|Atene|impresa Θ θ - like in THEatre, Athens - eg theater, sea, Athens, sport. Θ θ - come in THeatre, Αthens - p.e. θέατρο, θάλασσα, Αθήνα, άθλος.

Ι ι – same sound with “Η η “  - π.χ  σκιά , ικανός , ίσον , πίνω . |||||||||Schatten|fähig|gleich| ||same|||||p||shadow|capable|equal|I drink Ι|ι|stesso|||Η|η|||ombra|capace|uguale|bevo Ι ι – same sound with “Ι η” - eg shadow, capable, equal, drink. Ι ι – stesso suono di “Η η “ - p.e. σκιά, ικανός, ίσον, πίνω.

Κ κ – like in Cottage , eCology  -π.χ  κάνω , κεφάλι , κακός  , άκεφος . |||||||||Kopf|schlecht|untröstlich ||||Cottage: εξοχικό σπίτι|||e|I do|head|bad|sorrowful K|k|||Cottage|ecologia|||faccio|testa|cattivo|triste K k – like in Cottage, eCology - eg do, head, bad, akefos. Κ κ – come in Cottage, eCology - p.e. κάνω, κεφάλι, κακός, άκεφος.

Λ λ -  Like in Lake , ILLinois  -π.χ  λίμνη , λερώνω , ήλιος . ||||||||See|verunreinigen| L||||||||lake|I dirty| L|l||||ILLinois|||lago|sporcare|sole L l - Like in Lake, ILLinois - eg lake, dirty, sun. Λ λ - Come in Lake, ILLinois - p.e. λίμνη, λερώνω, ήλιος.

Μ μ - like in Mother , eneMy , hoΜe  -π.χ  μητέρα , μοσχάρι ,όμορφος , άμυαλος ||||||||||Kalb||dumm ||||||||x|mother|beef|handsome|mindless M|m|||||casa|||madre|manzo|bello|stupido M m - wie in Mutter , eneMy , hoMe - z.B. Mutter , Kalb , hübsch , geistlos M m - like in Mother, eneMy, hoMe - eg mother, calf, beautiful, mindless Μ μ - come in Madre, nemico, casa - p.es. madre, vitello, bello, stupido

Ν ν - like in Narrow , eNigma  -π.χ  νομίζω , νότος , ναός , ανοσία |||||||||Süden|Tempel|Immunität ||||Narrow||||I think|south|temple|immunity N|n||||enigma|||penso|sud|tempio|immunità N n - wie in Narrow , eNigma - z. B. I think , south , temple , immunity N n - like in Narrow, eNigma -eg think, south, temple, immunity Ν ν - come in Nascosto, enigma - p.es. penso, sud, tempio, immunità

Ξ ξ – like in eCSTasy , eXodus , eXtraordinary , eXorcist  - π.χ  ξύλο , έξοδος , άξιος , ξέφωτο , περίφραξη . ||||||||||Holz||würdig|Lichtung|Umzäunung ||||||extraordinary||||wood|exodus|worthy|clearing|fence X|x|||eCSTasy||||||legno|uscita|degno|radura|recinzione X x x - wie in eCSTasy , eXodus , eXtraordinary , eXorcist - z.B. Holz , Ausgang , würdig , Lichtung , Gehege . ξ ξ – like in eCSTasy , eXodus , eXtraordinary , eXorcist - eg wood , exit , worthy , clearing , fence . Ξ ξ – come in eCSTasy, eXodus, eXtraordinario, eXorcista - p.es. legno, uscita, degno, radura, recinzione.

Ο ο – like in Ocean , pOll , agOny - π.χ όμορφος , ολόκληρο ,όρος , ||||||||||ganz|Berg ||||ocean|poll|agony||||whole|mountain O|o||||pOll||p||bello|intero|termine O - wie in Ocean , pOll , agOny - z.B. beautiful , whole , term , The o – like in Ocean, pOll, agOny - eg beautiful, whole, term, Ο ο – come in Oceano, voto, agonia - p.es. bello, intero, monte,

Π π – like in Page , aPology  -π.χ  πλοίο , πόλεμος , πόλη , άποψη ||||||||Schiff|Krieg||Ansicht ||||Page|apology|||ship|war|city|view P|p||||apologia|||nave|guerra|città|opinione Π π π - wie in Seite , aPologie - z.B. Schiff , Krieg , Stadt , Aussichtspunkt Π π – like in Page, aPology - eg ship, war, city, point of view Π π – come in Page, aPology - p.es. πλοίο, πόλεμος, πόλη, άποψη

Ρ ρ – like in Road , aRRow , Right  - π.χ ρολό , ωράριο , περίπτερο . |||||||||Rolle|Öffnungszeiten|Kiosk R||||road|arrow|Right|||roll|schedule|kiosk Ρ|ρ|||strada|freccia|destra|||rotolo|orario|chiosco P r - wie in Road , aRRow , Right - z.B. Rolle , Stunde , Stand . Р р – like in Road , aRRow , Right - eg roll , schedule , booth . Ρ ρ – come in Road, aRRow, Right - p.es. ρολό, ωράριο, περίπτερο.

Σ σ ς– like in aCe , Sell    - π.χ  σωσίβιο , στέλνω , σώμα . |||||||||Rettungsring|senden|Körper |||||aCe|Sell|||life jacket|send|Body, group, mass S|s|s||||vendere|||salvagente|invio|corpo S s s- wie in aCe , Sell - z.B. Schwimmweste , send , Körper . Ссс– like in aCe, Sell - eg life preserver, send, body. Σ σ ς– come in aCe, Sell - p.es. σωσίβιο, στέλνω, σώμα.

Τ τ – like in Tall , paTrol   -π.χ  τρελός , τάβλι , πετάω . ||||||||verrückt|Backgammon|werfen ||||tall|patrol|p||crazy|backgammon|I fly T|t||||patròlo|p|ch|pazzo|tavolo da gioco|volo T t - wie in Tall , paTrol - z.B. crazy , backgammon , flying . Т т – like in Tall , paTrol - eg crazy , backgammon , fly . Τ τ – come in Tall, paTrol - p.es. τρελός, τάβλι, πετάω.

Υ υ - same sound with “Η η “-π.χ  πύον , ύψιλον , πυγή , λύνω . |||||||||Eiter|Ypsilon|Gesäß|lösen ||the same||||||chi|pus|upsilon|buttocks|solve, untie, loosen Υ|υ||||Η|η|||pus|upsilon|buttocks|I solve Y y - gleicher Laut mit "H oder "- z.B. pyon , hupilon , pygi , lyno . Υ υ - same sound with “Η η“ -π.χ πύον, ψηιλον, πυγή, λύνω. Υ υ - stesso suono di “Η η “-p.es. πύον , ύψιλον , πυγή , λύνω .

Φ φ – like in Forest , aFrica -π.χ  φόβος , φούρνος , εφορία  . ||||||||Angst|Ofen|Steuerbehörde ||||Forest|Africa|p||fear|oven|tax office F|f||||Africa|||paura|forno|tassa F f - wie in Forest , aFrica - z.B. Angst , Ofen , Finanzamt . Φ φ – like in Forest, Africa - eg fear, oven, tax office. Φ φ – come in Foresta , aFrica -p.es. φόβος , φούρνος , εφορία .

Χ χ – like in CHaos , Honey , alcoHol -π.χ  χαλί , χρόνος , άγχος , οχιά . |||||||||Teppich|Zeit|Angst|Viper ||||Chaos|Honey|alcohol|||carpet|time|anxiety|viper Χ||||||alcol|||tappeto|tempo|ansia|vipera X x - wie in CHaos , Honey , Honey , alcoHol - z.B. Teppich , Zeit , Stress , Viper. X x – like in Chaos, Honey, alcoHol - eg carpet, time, stress, viper. Χ χ – come in CHaos , Honey , alcoHol -p.es. χαλί , χρόνος , άγχος , οχιά .

Ψ ψ – like in PSychology , PSycho -π.χ  ψάρι , άποψη , ψηλός  . ||||||||poisson|| ||||Psychology|Psycho|||||Tall, high, lofty ||||||||||hoch Psi|psi||||PSico|||pesce|opinione|alto Ψ ψ - wie in PSychologie , PSycho - z.B. Fisch , Aussicht , groß . Ψ ψ – like in PSychology, PSycho - eg fish, view, tall. Ψ ψ – come in PSicologia , PSico -p.es. ψάρι , άποψη , ψηλός .

Ω ω - same sound with “Ο ο “ - π.χ  ώρα , ωραίο , βρώμα ,  πρωί   . |||||||||||Essen| |||||||p||hour||food|morning O|o|||||||||bello|puzza|mattina Oh oh - gleicher Klang mit "O o" - z.B. time, nice, nice, dirt, morning. Oh oh - same sound with "O o " - eg time, nice, stink, morning. Ω ω - stesso suono di “Ο ο “ - p.e. ora, bello, sporcizia, mattina.

***   π.χ  =   πι – χι  =   παραδείγματος χάριν      =  for example . ||||Beispiel|Zweck|| |||chi|example's|of grace|| |||chi|esempio|per|| * z.B. = pi - chi = zum Beispiel = zum Beispiel . *** π.χ = πι - χι = παραδείγματος χάριν = for example. * p.e. = pi – chi = per esempio.

***  Όταν το γράμμα “Σ σ” βρίσκεται στο τέλος της λέξης τότε γίνεται  “ς” . ||Buchstabe|||ist||||Wort||| When|||||is located|at the|end|the|word's end|then|becomes|final sigma letter Quando|il|letter|Σ|σ|si trova|alla|fine|della|parola|allora|diventa|ς *** When the letter "Σ σ" is at the end of the word then it becomes "ς". * Quando la lettera “Σ σ” si trova alla fine della parola diventa “ς”.