田忌賽馬 Tian Ji's horse racing Tian Ji hästkapplöpning Tian Ji's Horse Racing

二千 幾 年 前 嘅 中國 ，有 一 個 齊國 ，國王 齊威王 好 鍾意 賽馬 ，佢 成日 同 佢 嘅 大臣 田忌 比賽 ，而 田忌 次次 都 輸 ，點解 呢 ？ two thousand|several|years|ago|possessive particle|China|had|one|measure word|State of Qi|king|King Wei of Qi|very|liked|horse racing|he|always|with|his|possessive particle|minister|Tian Ji|compete|and|Tian Ji|every time|all|lost|why|question particle Over two thousand years ago in China, there was a state called Qi, and the king, King Wei of Qi, loved horse racing. He often competed with his minister Tian Ji, and Tian Ji lost every time. Why was that?

原來 佢 哋 會 將 自己 嘅 馬 分成 三 等 ， 分別 係 上 等 馬 、 中等 馬 ， 同埋 下 等 馬 ， 然後 舉行 三 場 比賽 。 |||||||horse|||||is||||||||classes|||||| It turned out that they divided their horses into three categories: superior horses, medium horses, and inferior horses, and then held three races. 而 齊威王 嘅 上等馬 ，次次 都 跑 得 快 過 田忌 嘅 上等馬 少少 ，中等馬 同 下等馬 都 一樣 ，所以 田忌 每 次 都 輸 。 and|King Qi Wei|possessive particle|superior horse|every time|all|run|(adverbial particle)|||Tian Ji|possessive particle|superior horse|a little|medium horse|and|inferior horse|all|the same|so|Tian Ji|every|time|all|lose King Wei's superior horses always ran slightly faster than Tian Ji's superior horses, and the same was true for the medium and inferior horses, so Tian Ji lost every time. 為 咗 唔 好 失 咗 個 氣勢 ， 田忌 次次 都 落 重注 [ 落注 ]， 於是 佢 次次 都 輸 好多 錢 。 for|for|not||lose|||||every time|always|||||||||| In order not to lose momentum, Tian Ji always placed heavy bets, so he ended up losing a lot of money each time.

有 一 日 ，田忌 遇到 一 位 好 聰明 嘅 將軍 ，佢 叫做 孫臏 。 there is|one|day|Tian Ji|met|one|classifier for people|very|smart|possessive particle|general|he|is called|Sun Bin One day, Tian Ji met a very clever general named Sun Bin. 孫臏 話 ：「田忌 ，你 唔使 驚 ，我 有 一 個 方法 ，包 你 次次 賽馬 都 贏 ，等 你 唔使 輸 錢 之餘 ，仲 次次 都 會 贏 錢 。」 Sun Bin|said|Tian Ji|you|don't have to|worry|I|have|one|measure word|method|guarantee|you|every time|horse race|all|win|so that|you|don't have to|lose|money|in addition to|also|every time|all|will|win|money Sun Bin said: "Tian Ji, you don't have to worry, I have a method that guarantees you will win every horse race, so you won't lose money and will also make a profit each time."

田忌 唔明白 ，佢 問 孫臏 ：「你 係咪 想 揾 人 訓練 我 啲 馬 ？」 Tian Ji|doesn't understand|he|asked|Sun Bin|you|are (question particle)|want|find|person|train|my|plural marker|horses Tian Ji didn't understand, so he asked Sun Bin: "Are you suggesting that I find someone to train my horses?"

孫臏 答 ：「完全 唔使 訓練 你 啲 馬 。」 Sun Bin|replied|completely|no need to|train|your|plural marker|horses Sun Bin replied: "You don't need to train your horses at all."

田忌 又 問 ：「噉 你 係咪 想 換 走 我 啲 馬 ？」 Tian Ji|again|asked|then|you|are (you)|want|to exchange|to remove|my|plural marker|horses Tian Ji asked again: "So do you want to replace my horses?"

孫臏 答 ：「一樣 唔使 ，乜 馬 都 唔使 換 。」 Sun Bin|replied|the same|no need|any|horse|all|no need|to change Sun Bin replied: "No need to, there's no need to change any horses."

田忌 好 驚 噉 話 ：「乜 都 唔做 ，咪 又係 輸 ！」 Tian Ji|very|scared|like that|said|anything|all|not do|then|again|lose Tian Ji, feeling very scared, said: "If we do nothing, we'll just lose again!"

孫臏 好 有 自信 噉 答 ：「信 我 啦 ，跟住 我 做 ，一定 會 贏 ！」 Sun Bin|very|has|confidence|like that|answered|trust|me|particle|follow|me|do|definitely|will|win Sun Bin confidently replied: "Trust me, follow my lead, and you will definitely win!"

冇 幾耐 ，又 到 咗 賽馬日 。 not|long|again|arrive|past tense marker|race day Before long, it was race day again. 齊威王 非常之 有 自信 ，佢 望住 田忌 話 ：「呢次 我 又 嚟 贏 晒 你 啲 錢 喇 ！」 King Qi Wei|extremely|has|confidence|he|looking at|Tian Ji|said|this time|I|again|come|win|all|your|plural marker|money|sentence-final particle King Qi was very confident, looking at Tian Ji and saying: "This time I'm going to win all your money again!" 田忌 好 驚 ，唔知 點算 ，而 孫臏 就 自信 十足 噉 企 喺 田忌 隔籬 。 Tian Ji|very|scared|don't know|what to do|and|Sun Bin|then|confident|full|like that|standing|at|Tian Ji|next to Tian Ji was very scared, not knowing what to do, while Sun Bin stood confidently next to Tian Ji.

第 一 場 比賽 開始 喇 ！ first|one|match|game|starts|particle indicating action completion The first race has started! 孫臏 派 咗 田忌 嘅 下等馬 ，去 對戰 齊威王 嘅 上等馬 。 Sun Bin|sent|past tense marker|Tian Ji|possessive particle|inferior horse|to|compete against|King Wei of Qi|possessive particle|superior horse Sun Bin sent Tian Ji's inferior horses to compete against King Qi's superior horses. 第 一 場 比賽 仍然 係 輸 ，田忌 驚 到 面 都 青埋 ，但係 孫臏 依然 好 有 自信 。 first|one|match|competition|still|is|lost|Tian Ji|scared|to|face|all|turned pale|but|Sun Bin|still|very|has|confidence In the first race, they still lost, and Tian Ji was so scared that his face turned pale, but Sun Bin remained very confident.

之後 喺 第 二 場 比賽 ，孫臏 派 田忌 嘅 上等馬 ，去 對戰 齊威王 嘅 中等馬 。 after|at|ordinal marker|two|measure word for games|match|Sun Bin|sent|Tian Ji|possessive particle|superior horse|to|compete against|King Qi Wei|possessive particle|average horse Then in the second race, Sun Bin sent Tian Ji's superior horses to compete against King Qi's middle-tier horses. 雖然 田忌 嘅 上等馬 贏 唔 到 齊威王 嘅 上等馬 ，但係 要 贏 佢 嘅 中等馬 ，真係 一啲 難度 都 冇 —— 田忌 終於 贏 咗 第 一 場 比賽 ！ although|Tian Ji|possessive particle|superior horse|win|not|reach|King Qi Wei|possessive particle|superior horse|but|to|win|his|possessive particle|inferior horse|really|a bit|difficulty|at all|not have|Tian Ji|finally|won|past tense marker|ordinal number marker|one|measure word for games or matches|competition Although Tian Ji's top horse could not win against King Qi's top horse, it was really not difficult at all to win against his middle horse — Tian Ji finally won the first match!

最後 係 第 三 場 比賽 ，孫臏 派 田忌 嘅 中等馬 ，去 對戰 齊威王 嘅 下等馬 。 finally|is|the|third|match|competition|Sun Bin|sent|Tian Ji|possessive particle|average horse|to|compete against|King Qi Wei|possessive particle|inferior horse In the final match, Sun Bin sent Tian Ji's middle horse to compete against King Qi's lower horse. 諗 都 唔使 諗 ，田忌 又 贏 多 場 。 think|already|no need to|think|Tian Ji|again|win|many|matches No need to think, Tian Ji won another match. 三 場 比賽 ， 田忌 贏 咗 兩 場 ， 輸 咗 一 場 ： 三 盤 兩 勝 ， 田忌 終於 贏 咗 齊威王 ！ |||||||||||||||victories||||| In three matches, Tian Ji won two and lost one: three matches, two victories, Tian Ji finally defeated King Qi!

同樣 都 係 呢啲 馬 ，用 原本 嘅 方法 ，田忌 就 會 輸 ；但係 調 一 調 出場 次序 ，田忌 就 贏 。 the same|also|are|these|horses|using|original|possessive particle|method|Tian Ji|then|will|lose|but|adjusting|one|adjusting|appearance|order|Tian Ji|then|wins Similarly, with these horses, using the original method, Tian Ji would lose; but by adjusting the order of appearance, Tian Ji wins. 孫臏 係咪 好 聰明 呢 ？ Sun Bin|is|very|smart|question particle Is Sun Bin very smart? 呢個 故事 話 畀 我哋 聽 ，力 敵 唔 得 嘅 時候 ，就要 智取 ！ this|story|tells|to|us|listen|force|enemy|not|able|possessive particle|time|then must|outsmart This story tells us that when we cannot rely on strength, we must use our wits!