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BBC - 6 Minute English (YouTube), Can you spot a lie? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube

Can you spot a lie? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube

Rob: Hello. This is 6 Minute English.

I'm Rob.

Sam: And I'm Sam.

Rob: In this programme, we're talking

about biscuits.

Sam: Really? That's not what I was told...

oh hold on, you're lying.

Rob: Yes, you're right, Sam.

I am lying simply

to demonstrate our topic - lying and how

to detect it. You detected my lie

very easily, Sam!

Sam: I could tell by the smirk on your face

that you were telling a fib - that's the word

for a small, inoffensive lie.

Rob: To be honest, talking about

lie detecting will be

much more interesting than biscuits.

But first, let's start with a question

for you to answer.

A competition is held in Cumbria

in the UK every year to find and award

the title of "The Biggest Liar in the World".

But which type of people are not allowed

to take part?

a) Farmers, b) Lawyers,

or c) Estate agents.

What do you think, Sam?

Sam: I'd be lying if I said I knew - but

based on personal experience

I'd say estate agents

- they'd find it too easy!

Rob: Ha - well that's your opinion but I'll

let you know if you're right at the end of

the programme. So, lying is something I'm

sure a lot of us do - sometimes

to avoid trouble, sometimes to cheat

people, or sometimes just

to impress someone - did you know

I can speak seven languages, Sam?

Sam: That's just a barefaced lie, Rob!

But I can see how easy lying can be,

and that's what neuroscientist

Sophie Scott thinks. Here she is on

BBC Radio 4's 'Seriously' podcast,

explaining how we sometimes lie

just to be nice!

Sophie Scott: Often what we mean by

lying is someone setting out

to deceive us with their words

or their actions but actually normal

conversation probably can only happen

because we don't actually say all the time

exactly what we really think and

what we really mean. And that kind of

cooperation is at the heart, I think, of a

lot of social interactions for humans and

I think that's one of the strong pushes to

make conversation polite and therefore

frequently not actually truthful.

Rob: So Sophie mentions two types

of lying. There's the one when we try

to deceive someone - so that's

trying to hide something by tricking

someone to gain an advantage.

Sam: Hmm, that's like you getting me

to pay £10 for a cinema ticket

when actually they were only £5.

That's just dishonest, but there are also

what I like to call white lies

- small lies we tell to avoid upsetting

someone. Those are lies that

aren't intended to give

you an advantage.

Rob: Yes, Sophie Scott says we use them

in normal conversation - when we don't

say what we really mean.

Sam: So, we want to make conversation

polite because we want to cooperate

with each other - she says

cooperation is at the heart.

Something that's at the heart is

the most important or essential part.

Rob: Now telling lies is one thing but how

do you know if we're being lied to?

Sometimes there are telltale signs,

such as someone's face turning red

or someone shuffling their feet.

Sam: But if you really want to know if

someone is lying, maybe we should

listen to Richard Wiseman,

a psychologist at the University of

Hertfordshire. Here he is speaking on the

'Seriously' podcast...

Richard Wiseman: Liars in general say

less. They tend to have a longer

what's called response latency,

which is the time between

the end of the question

and the beginning of the answer.

And there also tends to be

an emotional distance in the lie - so

the words 'me','my', 'I' - all those things

tend to drop away in lies and it's

much much harder for liars to control

what they're saying and how they're

saying it, so focus your attention there,

you become a better lie detector.

Rob: Some good advice from

Richard Wiseman. So to detect lies

we need to listen out for

the response latency - a term

used in psychology to describe

the time taken between a stimulus

or question and a response to it.

The bigger the gap, the more chance

there is that someone is lying.

Is that a good summary, Sam?

Sam: Sort of, Rob. Richard also suggests

we focus on - or concentrate on - what

and how people are saying things too.

There's probably more to it than just that.

Rob: Well now you know how

to detect my lies, Sam, maybe

honestly is the best policy - as they say.

So I'm now going to give you an

honest answer to the question

I asked earlier. A competition is held

in Cumbria, in the UK,

every year to award the title of

"The Biggest Liar in the World".

But which type of people

are not allowed to take part?

a) Farmers, b) Lawyers,

or c) Estate agents?

Sam: I guessed c) estate agents.

Rob: And you are wrong,

I'm afraid. Lawyers,

as well as politicians, are not allowed to

enter the competition. It's claimed "they

are judged to be too skilled

at telling porkies" - porkies is an informal

word for 'pork pies'

and that rhymes with 'lies'.

Sam: Fascinating stuff, Rob and that's no

lie! But now, shall we recap some of the

vocabulary we've heard today?

Rob: Why not? A fib is

a small inoffensive lie.

Sam: A white lie is also a small lie,

told to avoid upsetting someone.

Rob: When you deceive someone,

you try to hide something by tricking

them to gain an advantage.

Sam: When something is

at the heart of something,

it is the most important or essential part

of it. And we heard

about response latency

- a term used in psychology to describe

the time taken between

a stimulus or question

and a response to it.

Rob: OK, thank you, Sam. That's all from 6

Minute English. We look forward to your

company next time. Goodbye!

Sam: Bye everyone!

Learn languages from TV shows, movies, news, articles and more! Try LingQ for FREE

Can you spot a lie? Listen to 6 Minute English - YouTube ||identify detect||||||| ||見つける||||||| ||ver||||||| Kannst du eine Lüge erkennen? Hören Sie sich 6 Minuten Englisch an - YouTube Pouvez-vous repérer un mensonge ? Écouter 6 minutes d'anglais - YouTube Consegues detetar uma mentira? Ouvir 6 Minute English - YouTube Можете ли вы распознать ложь? Слушайте 6-минутный английский - YouTube Чи можете ви розпізнати брехню? Слухайте 6-хвилинну англійську - YouTube 你能看出谎言吗?听 6 分钟英语 - YouTube

Rob: Hello. This is 6 Minute English.

I'm Rob.

Sam: And I'm Sam.

Rob: In this programme, we're talking Роб: У цій програмі ми поговоримо про

about biscuits. |饼干 |biscuits

Sam: Really? That's not what I was told... 萨姆:真的吗?我听到的可不是这样……

oh hold on, you're lying. |ちょっと待って||| ||||mentindo 哦,等等,你在说谎。

Rob: Yes, you're right, Sam. 罗布:是的,你说得对,萨姆。

I am lying simply

to demonstrate our topic - lying and how

to detect it. You detected my lie ||||发现||

very easily, Sam!

Sam: I could tell by the smirk on your face ||||||得意的笑容||| ||||||smile||| |私||わかる|から||にやり||| ||||||uśmieszek||| ||||||sorriso||| Сем: Я зрозумів це по твоїй посмішці на обличчі.

that you were telling a fib - that's the word |||||谎言||| |||||lie||| |||||うそ||| |||||kłamstwo||| |||||mentirinha||| що ти брешеш - ось слово.

for a small, inoffensive lie. |||无伤大雅| |||無害な| |||inoffensiva|

Rob: To be honest, talking about

lie detecting will be

much more interesting than biscuits.

But first, let's start with a question

for you to answer.

A competition is held in Cumbria |||||坎布里亚 |競技会||||カンブリア |||||Cumbria

in the UK every year to find and award ||||||||颁奖 ||||||||honor ||||||||premiar

the title of "The Biggest Liar in the World". |||||说谎者||| |||||Mentiroso|||

But which type of people are not allowed

to take part? |参加する|

a) Farmers, b) Lawyers, |||律师 |||Advogados а) фермери, б) юристи,

or c) Estate agents. ||房地产|房地产中介

What do you think, Sam?

Sam: I'd be lying if I said I knew - but 萨姆:如果我说我知道,那我就是在撒谎 - 但是

based on personal experience 根据个人经验

I'd say estate agents ||property| 私は||不動産| 我会说房产中介

- they'd find it too easy! eles|||| - їм це здасться занадто простим!

Rob: Ha - well that's your opinion but I'll

let you know if you're right at the end of

the programme. So, lying is something I'm

sure a lot of us do - sometimes

to avoid trouble, sometimes to cheat |evade|||| |||||enganar

people, or sometimes just

to impress someone - did you know 给某人留下深刻印象 - 你知道吗

I can speak seven languages, Sam? 我会说七种语言,萨姆?

Sam: That's just a barefaced lie, Rob! ||||厚颜无耻|| ||||shameless|| ||||あからさまな|| ||||bezczelne|| ||||descarada|| 萨姆:那只是一个厚颜无耻的谎言,罗布!

But I can see how easy lying can be,

and that's what neuroscientist |||神经科学家 |||neuroscientist |||神経科学者

Sophie Scott thinks. Here she is on

BBC Radio 4's 'Seriously' podcast,

explaining how we sometimes lie ||||lie

just to be nice!

Sophie Scott: Often what we mean by Sophie Scottová: Často máme na mysli to.

lying is someone setting out lhaní je někdo, kdo se vydává na cestu

to deceive us with their words |欺骗|||| |deceive|||| |私たちを欺く|||| |enganar|||| aby nás oklamali svými slovy щоб обдурити нас своїми словами

or their actions but actually normal nebo jejich jednání, ale ve skutečnosti normální

conversation probably can only happen konverzace se pravděpodobně může uskutečnit pouze розмова, ймовірно, може відбутися тільки

because we don't actually say all the time protože ve skutečnosti neříkáme pořád. 因为我们并不总是说出所有的话

exactly what we really think and 确切地说出我们真正的想法和

what we really mean. And that kind of co máme skutečně na mysli. A tento druh 我们真正的意思。这种

cooperation is at the heart, I think, of a 合作|||||||| 協力||に|||||| ||||coração|||| Spolupráce je podle mě základem pro

lot of social interactions for humans and |||相互作用||| mnoho sociálních interakcí pro lidi a

I think that's one of the strong pushes to Myslím, že to je jeden ze silných impulsů k tomu. Je pense que c'est l'une des principales raisons qui poussent à Я думаю, що це один із сильних поштовхів до

make conversation polite and therefore aby konverzace byla zdvořilá, a proto 使对话礼貌,因此

frequently not actually truthful. |||真实的 |||真実の |||verdadeira часто не зовсім правдиві. 通常实际上并不真实。

Rob: So Sophie mentions two types Rob: 所以Sophie提到两种类型

of lying. There's the one when we try

to deceive someone - so that's |enganar||| 欺骗某人 - 所以这是

trying to hide something by tricking 试图通过欺骗隐藏某些东西

someone to gain an advantage. ||obter|| 以获取优势。

Sam: Hmm, that's like you getting me Sam : Hmm, c'est comme si tu m'obtenais...

to pay £10 for a cinema ticket

when actually they were only £5.

That's just dishonest, but there are also

what I like to call white lies |||||白い|

- small lies we tell to avoid upsetting ||||||不快にさせる ||||||incomodar - les petits mensonges que nous racontons pour éviter de contrarier - 我们为了避免让某人生气而说的小谎言

someone. Those are lies that 那些谎言并不是为了

aren't intended to give |意図されて|| |pretendidas|| 传达给别人

you an advantage.

Rob: Yes, Sophie Scott says we use them

in normal conversation - when we don't

say what we really mean.

Sam: So, we want to make conversation

polite because we want to cooperate |||||合作 |||||協力したい |||||cooperar

with each other - she says

cooperation is at the heart.

Something that's at the heart is

the most important or essential part.

Rob: Now telling lies is one thing but how

do you know if we're being lied to? ||||||被欺骗|

Sometimes there are telltale signs, |||明显的| |||indicadores| |||明白な| |||wyraźne oznaki| Někdy se objevují varovné signály, Іноді з'являються підказки,

such as someone's face turning red

or someone shuffling their feet. ||拖着脚|| ||shuffling feet|| ||arrastando|| nebo někoho, kdo šoupá nohama.

Sam: But if you really want to know if

someone is lying, maybe we should

listen to Richard Wiseman, |||理查德·怀 |||Wiseman

a psychologist at the University of

Hertfordshire. Here he is speaking on the 赫特福德|||||| Hertfordshire||||||

'Seriously' podcast...

Richard Wiseman: Liars in general say ||说谎者||| ||os mentirosos|||

less. They tend to have a longer より少ない||||||

what's called response latency, |||响应延迟 |||latency 何と|||応答遅延 |||latência |||opóźnienie odpowiedzi ce que l'on appelle la latence de réponse, що називається затримкою реакції,

which is the time between

the end of the question

and the beginning of the answer.

And there also tends to be

an emotional distance in the lie - so |感情的な||||| 谎言中的情感距离 - 所以

the words 'me','my', 'I' - all those things ‘我’,‘我的’,‘我’这些词 - 所有这些东西

tend to drop away in lies and it's ||落ちる||||| мають тенденцію падати в брехні, і це 在谎言中往往会消失,而这是

much much harder for liars to control

what they're saying and how they're

saying it, so focus your attention there,

you become a better lie detector.

Rob: Some good advice from

Richard Wiseman. So to detect lies

we need to listen out for musíme si dávat pozor na

the response latency - a term zpoždění odezvy - termín 响应延迟 - 一个术语

used in psychology to describe se v psychologii používá k popisu 用于心理学中描述

the time taken between a stimulus |||||刺激 doba, která uplyne mezi podnětem 刺激之间所需的时间

or question and a response to it. nebo otázku a odpověď na ni.

The bigger the gap, the more chance Čím větší je mezera, tím větší je šance.

there is that someone is lying.

Is that a good summary, Sam? ||||要約|

Sam: Sort of, Rob. Richard also suggests

we focus on - or concentrate on - what

and how people are saying things too.

There's probably more to it than just that.

Rob: Well now you know how

to detect my lies, Sam, maybe

honestly is the best policy - as they say. ||その|最良の||||

So I'm now going to give you an

honest answer to the question

I asked earlier. A competition is held

in Cumbria, in the UK, |坎布里亚|||

every year to award the title of

"The Biggest Liar in the World".

But which type of people

are not allowed to take part? 不允许参与吗?

a) Farmers, b) Lawyers, a) 农民,b) 律师,

or c) Estate agents? 或 c) 房产中介?

Sam: I guessed c) estate agents.

Rob: And you are wrong,

I'm afraid. Lawyers, ||os advogados

as well as politicians, are not allowed to

enter the competition. It's claimed "they |||それは|| přihlásit se do soutěže. Tvrdí se, že "oni взяти участь у конкурсі. Стверджується, що "вони

are judged to be too skilled |||||熟練した |considerados||||habilitados jsou považovány za příliš kvalifikované вважаються занадто кваліфікованими 被认为技艺过高

at telling porkies" - porkies is an informal ||谎言|||| ||mentiras|||| |話す|うそ|||| ||kłamstwa|||| "říkat nesmysly" - "nesmysly" je neformální výraz pro при розповіді про свинки" - "свинки" - це неформальний 在说谎方面" - "porkies" 是一个非正式的

word for 'pork pies' ||豚肉| ||carne de porco|tortas слово, що означає "пироги зі свининою 词语,意思是 '猪肉派'

and that rhymes with 'lies'. ||rima||

Sam: Fascinating stuff, Rob and that's no |魅力的な|||||

lie! But now, shall we recap some of the

vocabulary we've heard today?

Rob: Why not? A fib is ||||a lie|

a small inoffensive lie.

Sam: A white lie is also a small lie,

told to avoid upsetting someone. |||incomodar|

Rob: When you deceive someone, |||enganas|

you try to hide something by tricking

them to gain an advantage.

Sam: When something is

at the heart of something, の中心で||||

it is the most important or essential part

of it. And we heard

about response latency |応答(1)|

- a term used in psychology to describe

the time taken between

a stimulus or question |刺激||

and a response to it. ||response||

Rob: OK, thank you, Sam. That's all from 6

Minute English. We look forward to your

company next time. Goodbye!

Sam: Bye everyone!