×

Używamy ciasteczek, aby ulepszyć LingQ. Odwiedzając stronę wyrażasz zgodę na nasze polityka Cookie.


image

Oxford Online English, IELTS Writing - How to Improve Your Vocabulary Score

IELTS Writing - How to Improve Your Vocabulary Score

Hi, I'm Oli.

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

In this lesson, you can learn how to improve your vocabulary score in IELTS writing.

Do you need an IELTS score of seven or higher?

Many people find it difficult to get scores above band six or 6.5.

Often, this is because people have bad habits or they don't clearly understand how the

IELTS exam works.

If you're preparing for IELTS, check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

We have many free video and audio lessons, as well as many professional teachers who

can help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

In this lesson, you'll see some common mistakes which IELTS students make which can hurt your

vocabulary score.

You'll also see how you can change your approach to the IELTS writing exam to get

a better score for vocabulary.

Before we start, I really, really recommend you read the official IELTS score scheme from

the British Council, and see what it says about vocabulary.

There's a link underneath the video.

There's a lot of confusion and bad advice about IELTS, but actually, the score scheme

is quite simple.

Let's start with the most important point.

There's one really big mistake which many IELTS students make with vocabulary: they

put words before ideas.

There are many videos and websites which promise to teach you “100 essential IELTS words”,

or “300 words for band 8”, or whatever.

So, maybe you watch these videos, and you read these vocabulary lists, and you try to learn them.

Then, you use the words and phrases in your IELTS writing.

Sounds normal, right?

What's the problem?

The problem is that natural communication doesn't work like that.

You don't learn a word and think, “I'm going to use this word in this conversation.”

IELTS is a test of your communication skills in English.

Of course, you need a good vocabulary to communicate, but communication depends primarily

on ideas, not words.

Words express your ideas.

Using a word or a phrase without an idea behind it is empty; it's meaningless.

So, what can you do here?

First, spend more time thinking and planning before you write, even in the exam.

Yes, I know you're under a lot of time pressure, but you need this.

If you don't have a clear idea in your head, you can't write a clear answer.

Secondly, instead of learning lists of vocabulary that you might not need, just learn the words,

phrases and collocations you need to express your ideas.

Practice writing regularly, and learn vocabulary by learning the words and phrases you need

when you need them.

However, this isn't a practical point; it's about how you think.

If you think words come before ideas, you'll struggle with IELTS writing, especially task

two.

You need to put ideas first, words second.

In my experience, IELTS students are terrified of repeating the same words and phrases in

their writing.

I made some videos where I wrote sample IELTS answers, and a lot of comments said things

like, “You used the same word three times!

You suck!

We hate you!”

Okay, maybe they didn't exactly say that; I'm paraphrasing.

So, I'm going to be repetitive here. I'm going to say something I've said many, many times before:

read the scoring scheme.

Go do it right now.

Read the descriptors for band seven.

What's the first point?

You need to use vocabulary ‘with flexibility and precision'.

Think about that word: ‘precision'.

That means you use the right word in the right place to express your idea.

Here's what a lot of students do when they write:

One: they think, “Argh!

I can't use the same word twice, or I'll get a lower score!”

Two: they try to find a ‘synonym'.

This is a problem, because there are very few true synonyms in English.

Many words which you might think are synonyms are not exactly the same.

Three: they use a word which is close to the right meaning, but not exactly right.

Four: they get band six for vocabulary because they aren't using vocabulary with precision.

I see this all the time when teaching IELTS writing.

So, what should you do?

First, read the score scheme again.

It doesn't even mention repetition in the vocabulary band descriptions, except for band

four, and I guarantee that 99.9% of you watching this video would not get band four for vocabulary.

Next, if there's a key idea in the task, accept that you might need to refer to it

several times.

For example, the essay I wrote in our other video was about communication, and many people

said that I used the word ‘communication' too many times.

But here's the thing: there's no other word which has the same meaning as ‘communication'.

If you're writing an essay about communication, you'll need to repeat the word.

The same is true for many other things.

If you're writing an essay about air pollution, you'll need to use the words ‘air pollution'.

You can't avoid that, and it's not a problem.

Many students here would try to use a different phrase.

For example, instead of ‘air pollution', they might say ‘smog', ‘exhaust fumes',

‘impurities in the atmosphere', or something like that.

But, none of these have the same meaning as ‘air pollution'.

If you change the word, very often, you're changing the meaning.

If you don't realise this, then your words won't fit your ideas, and then you get band

six maximum for vocabulary.

To be clear, if you're repeating words and phrases a lot, then that is a problem, but

probably not a vocabulary problem.

It could be that your ideas are repetitive, or your structure is disorganized,

or that you don't know how to use referencing

to avoid repetition.

However, these points affect your coherence and cohesion score; they aren't part of

your vocabulary score.

So, let's review the most important points from this section:

First, stop thinking about synonyms.

Choose the word or phrase which fits your idea most precisely.

Second, accept that key words and phrases will need to be repeated to some extent.

It's not a problem to use the same phrase more than once if it's a central part of

the task.

Let's look at our next point.

Here are some ideas we often see online, or hear from our IELTS students:

“I need more academic vocabulary.”

“I need more advanced vocabulary.”

“I need more idiomatic vocabulary.”

This causes problems.

First, and I've said this so many times that I'm boring myself, but it's crucial

so I'll say it again: read the scoring scheme.

Does it talk about ‘academic vocabulary'?

No.

Does it talk about ‘advanced vocabulary'?

No.

Why not?

Because those things don't exist.

Serious linguists don't talk about ‘advanced vocabulary', because it isn't real.

Words are just words.

They have meanings, and you use them to express your ideas.

That's it.

One word is like another word.

It's not complicated.

So, what's the point here?

Many IELTS students use specific words or phrases because they think that they're

‘academic' or ‘advanced', and they think that this will get a higher score.

However, if you do this, you're putting words before ideas, and that means you aren't

using your vocabulary precisely, and that means it's very difficult to get band seven.

You do need to use some less common vocabulary to get band seven or higher, but you also

need to use it well.

Learning a word or phrase won't help unless you really understand how to use it.

You need to understand exactly what a word or phrase means.

You need to know how to use collocations with the vocabulary you learn.

For example, if you're writing a task two essay about diet, you'll need to know several

collocations with the word ‘diet'.

You also need control of register.

To get a high score for vocabulary, you need to write in a consistent, appropriate style.

In general, IELTS students focus too much on learning new words and phrases, and not

enough on using the words and phrases they know accurately.

We'll talk about how you can work on this in the last section, but before that, we have

one more important point to cover.

One of the biggest differences between band six and band seven in the IELTS writing exam

is the quantity of errors you can make.

At band six, you can make quite a lot of mistakes, so long as your meaning is clear.

For band seven, you can make ‘occasional errors'.

For band eight, you can make ‘rare errors'.

This is one of the major points which keeps IELTS students at band six.

So, let's think: what counts as a vocabulary error?

There are four possibilities:

1.

You use the wrong word or phrase.

2.

You use an incorrect collocation.

For example, if you're writing a task two essay about healthy eating and diet, and you

say, ‘take a diet', that would be a collocation error.

You can ‘follow a diet,' ‘eat a healthy diet', ‘have a good diet', and many

others, but ‘take a diet' isn't possible.

3.

You spell a word incorrectly.

4.

You form a word incorrectly.

For example, if you want to make a noun from the word ‘overweight' and you write ‘overweightness',

that would be a word formation error.

There's no noun from the word ‘overweight', by the way; you need to use a phrase with

a gerund, like ‘being overweight'.

So, how can you reduce the number of errors you make?

Here, you probably need feedback from a professional teacher.

If you make multiple mistakes, then you won't be aware of a lot of the mistakes you're

making.

Write essays or task one answers and look at the mistakes you make.

Sort your errors into these four types: choice of words, collocation, spelling or word formation.

If you're making mistakes with one thing,

for example, with spelling, do some study to find out why you're making these

mistakes and try to correct them.

Then, review your errors using a flashcard app like Anki.

This is a long process and you need patience; it will take a lot of work to reduce your

errors.

However, if you want band seven or higher, it's necessary.

Make flashcard questions with your errors, and put the correct word or phrase as the

answer.

For example:

Question: overweightness Answer: being overweight

Even better, make flashcards with full sentences from your writing, like this:

Question: Overweightness is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular

disease and stroke.

Answer: Being overweight is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular

disease and stroke.

Okay, now let's put all of this together and make a plan for you to improve your IELTS

writing vocabulary score.

Learning vocabulary for IELTS is just learning vocabulary.

You need to do the same things you would do to improve your English vocabulary generally.

That means:

One: read regularly and widely.

Read as much as you can, read things from different topics, written by different people,

from different sources.

Two: learn vocabulary in phrases, collocations and sentences.

Learning a word in context is always more effective than trying to learn individual

words.

For the IELTS writing exam, you also need to write regularly.

You need to write practice answers and, ideally, get feedback from a professional teacher.

Finally, you need to track and review your vocabulary errors, as we said in the last section.

There's one important point about improving your vocabulary we haven't mentioned.

You need time.

You need lots of time.

The average learner cannot change these things in a few weeks, and even in 2-3 months you

can't make a big difference.

Don't waste your time learning lists of ‘essential IELTS words' or ‘advanced

IELTS vocabulary'.

You won't get a higher score by using a word or phrase that you memorised and don't

know how to use.

If you're around band 5.5 to 6.5 and you need a score of seven or above, you need to

do these things consistently over a long period of time to improve.

You need to read, write, get feedback and review your errors, and you need to keep doing

these things for months and months and months.

That's how you get better.

Anyway, good luck if you have an IELTS exam coming up soon, and thanks for watching!

IELTS Writing - How to Improve Your Vocabulary Score |||||||pontuação IELTS Writing - Wie Sie Ihr Vokabelergebnis verbessern IELTS Writing - How to Improve Your Vocabulary Score IELTS Writing - Cómo mejorar tu puntuación en vocabulario IELTS Writing - Comment améliorer votre score en vocabulaire IELTSライティング-語彙力アップの方法 IELTS Schrijven - Hoe je woordenschatscore verbeteren IELTS Writing - Jak poprawić swój wynik w zakresie słownictwa? IELTS Writing - Como melhorar a sua pontuação em termos de vocabulário IELTS Writing - Как улучшить свой словарный запас IELTS Writing - Kelime Bilgisi Puanınızı Nasıl İyileştirebilirsiniz? IELTS Writing - як покращити свій словниковий запас 雅思写作 - 如何提高词汇得分 雅思寫作-如何提升詞彙量

Hi, I'm Oli.

Welcome to Oxford Online English!

In this lesson, you can learn how to improve your vocabulary score in IELTS writing.

Do you need an IELTS score of seven or higher?

Many people find it difficult to get scores above band six or 6.5.

Often, this is because people have bad habits or they don't clearly understand how the

IELTS exam works.

If you're preparing for IELTS, check out our website: Oxford Online English dot com.

We have many free video and audio lessons, as well as many professional teachers who

can help you prepare for your IELTS exam.

In this lesson, you'll see some common mistakes which IELTS students make which can hurt your

vocabulary score.

You'll also see how you can change your approach to the IELTS writing exam to get

a better score for vocabulary.

Before we start, I really, really recommend you read the official IELTS score scheme from

the British Council, and see what it says about vocabulary.

There's a link underneath the video. |||debaixo de||

There's a lot of confusion and bad advice about IELTS, but actually, the score scheme

is quite simple.

Let's start with the most important point.

There's one really big mistake which many IELTS students make with vocabulary: they Es gibt einen wirklich großen Fehler, den viele IELTS-Schüler beim Vokabular machen: Sie

put words before ideas. Worte vor Ideen setzen.

There are many videos and websites which promise to teach you “100 essential IELTS words”,

or “300 words for band 8”, or whatever.

So, maybe you watch these videos, and you read these vocabulary lists, and you try to learn them.

Then, you use the words and phrases in your IELTS writing.

Sounds normal, right?

What's the problem?

The problem is that natural communication doesn't work like that. Das Problem ist, dass die natürliche Kommunikation so nicht funktioniert.

You don't learn a word and think, “I'm going to use this word in this conversation.” Man lernt nicht ein Wort und denkt: "Ich werde dieses Wort in diesem Gespräch verwenden".

IELTS is a test of your communication skills in English.

Of course, you need a good vocabulary to communicate, but communication depends primarily Natürlich braucht man einen guten Wortschatz, um sich zu verständigen, aber Kommunikation hängt in erster Linie von

on ideas, not words.

Words express your ideas.

Using a word or a phrase without an idea behind it is empty; it's meaningless. ||||||||||||||sem sentido

So, what can you do here?

First, spend more time thinking and planning before you write, even in the exam.

Yes, I know you're under a lot of time pressure, but you need this.

If you don't have a clear idea in your head, you can't write a clear answer.

Secondly, instead of learning lists of vocabulary that you might not need, just learn the words, Zweitens: Anstatt Listen mit Vokabeln zu lernen, die Sie vielleicht nicht brauchen, lernen Sie einfach die Wörter,

phrases and collocations you need to express your ideas.

Practice writing regularly, and learn vocabulary by learning the words and phrases you need Üben Sie regelmäßig das Schreiben, und lernen Sie Vokabeln, indem Sie die Wörter und Sätze lernen, die Sie brauchen.

when you need them.

However, this isn't a practical point; it's about how you think.

If you think words come before ideas, you'll struggle with IELTS writing, especially task Wenn du denkst, dass Worte vor Ideen kommen, wirst du beim IELTS-Schreiben Schwierigkeiten haben, besonders bei der Aufgabe

two.

You need to put ideas first, words second. Die Ideen müssen an erster Stelle stehen, die Worte an zweiter.

In my experience, IELTS students are terrified of repeating the same words and phrases in

their writing.

I made some videos where I wrote sample IELTS answers, and a lot of comments said things Ich habe einige Videos gemacht, in denen ich Beispiele für IELTS-Antworten geschrieben habe, und in vielen Kommentaren stand Folgendes

like, “You used the same word three times!

You suck! Du bist scheiße!

We hate you!” Wir hassen dich!"

Okay, maybe they didn't exactly say that; I'm paraphrasing. Okay, vielleicht haben sie das nicht genau so gesagt; ich paraphrasiere.

So, I'm going to be repetitive here. I'm going to say something I've said many, many times before: Ich werde mich hier also wiederholen. Ich werde etwas sagen, was ich schon viele, viele Male zuvor gesagt habe:

read the scoring scheme. Lesen Sie das Punktesystem.

Go do it right now. Tun Sie es jetzt.

Read the descriptors for band seven. ||descripteurs||| ||os descritores||| Lesen Sie die Deskriptoren für Band sieben.

What's the first point? Was ist der erste Punkt?

You need to use vocabulary ‘with flexibility and precision'. Sie müssen das Vokabular "flexibel und präzise" verwenden.

Think about that word: ‘precision'. Denken Sie über dieses Wort nach: "Präzision".

That means you use the right word in the right place to express your idea. Das heißt, Sie verwenden das richtige Wort an der richtigen Stelle, um Ihre Idee auszudrücken.

Here's what a lot of students do when they write: Viele Schülerinnen und Schüler gehen beim Schreiben folgendermaßen vor:

One: they think, “Argh! |||Ai Erstens: Sie denken: "Argh!

I can't use the same word twice, or I'll get a lower score!” Ich darf dasselbe Wort nicht zweimal verwenden, sonst bekomme ich weniger Punkte!"

Two: they try to find a ‘synonym'. Zweitens: Sie versuchen, ein "Synonym" zu finden.

This is a problem, because there are very few true synonyms in English. Dies ist ein Problem, da es im Englischen nur sehr wenige echte Synonyme gibt.

Many words which you might think are synonyms are not exactly the same. Viele Wörter, die man für Synonyme halten könnte, sind nicht genau dasselbe.

Three: they use a word which is close to the right meaning, but not exactly right. Drittens: Sie verwenden ein Wort, das der richtigen Bedeutung nahe kommt, aber nicht genau richtig ist.

Four: they get band six for vocabulary because they aren't using vocabulary with precision. Vier: Sie erhalten die Note sechs für den Wortschatz, weil sie die Vokabeln nicht präzise verwenden.

I see this all the time when teaching IELTS writing. Ich erlebe das immer wieder, wenn ich IELTS-Schreiben unterrichte.

So, what should you do? Was sollten Sie also tun?

First, read the score scheme again. Lesen Sie zunächst noch einmal das Punkteschema.

It doesn't even mention repetition in the vocabulary band descriptions, except for band In den Bandbeschreibungen des Vokabulars wird die Wiederholung nicht einmal erwähnt, außer bei Band

four, and I guarantee that 99.9% of you watching this video would not get band four for vocabulary.

Next, if there's a key idea in the task, accept that you might need to refer to it

several times.

For example, the essay I wrote in our other video was about communication, and many people

said that I used the word ‘communication' too many times.

But here's the thing: there's no other word which has the same meaning as ‘communication'.

If you're writing an essay about communication, you'll need to repeat the word.

The same is true for many other things.

If you're writing an essay about air pollution, you'll need to use the words ‘air pollution'.

You can't avoid that, and it's not a problem.

Many students here would try to use a different phrase.

For example, instead of ‘air pollution', they might say ‘smog', ‘exhaust fumes', |||||||||smog||

‘impurities in the atmosphere', or something like that. impurezas|||||||

But, none of these have the same meaning as ‘air pollution'.

If you change the word, very often, you're changing the meaning.

If you don't realise this, then your words won't fit your ideas, and then you get band

six maximum for vocabulary.

To be clear, if you're repeating words and phrases a lot, then that is a problem, but

probably not a vocabulary problem.

It could be that your ideas are repetitive, or your structure is disorganized, ||||||||||||desorganizada

or that you don't know how to use referencing ||||||||citar fontes

to avoid repetition.

However, these points affect your coherence and cohesion score; they aren't part of

your vocabulary score.

So, let's review the most important points from this section:

First, stop thinking about synonyms.

Choose the word or phrase which fits your idea most precisely.

Second, accept that key words and phrases will need to be repeated to some extent.

It's not a problem to use the same phrase more than once if it's a central part of

the task.

Let's look at our next point.

Here are some ideas we often see online, or hear from our IELTS students:

“I need more academic vocabulary.”

“I need more advanced vocabulary.”

“I need more idiomatic vocabulary.”

This causes problems.

First, and I've said this so many times that I'm boring myself, but it's crucial

so I'll say it again: read the scoring scheme. |||||||esquema de pontuação|

Does it talk about ‘academic vocabulary'?

No.

Does it talk about ‘advanced vocabulary'?

No.

Why not?

Because those things don't exist.

Serious linguists don't talk about ‘advanced vocabulary', because it isn't real.

Words are just words.

They have meanings, and you use them to express your ideas.

That's it.

One word is like another word.

It's not complicated.

So, what's the point here?

Many IELTS students use specific words or phrases because they think that they're

‘academic' or ‘advanced', and they think that this will get a higher score.

However, if you do this, you're putting words before ideas, and that means you aren't

using your vocabulary precisely, and that means it's very difficult to get band seven.

You do need to use some less common vocabulary to get band seven or higher, but you also

need to use it well.

Learning a word or phrase won't help unless you really understand how to use it.

You need to understand exactly what a word or phrase means.

You need to know how to use collocations with the vocabulary you learn.

For example, if you're writing a task two essay about diet, you'll need to know several

collocations with the word ‘diet'.

You also need control of register.

To get a high score for vocabulary, you need to write in a consistent, appropriate style.

In general, IELTS students focus too much on learning new words and phrases, and not

enough on using the words and phrases they know accurately.

We'll talk about how you can work on this in the last section, but before that, we have

one more important point to cover.

One of the biggest differences between band six and band seven in the IELTS writing exam

is the quantity of errors you can make.

At band six, you can make quite a lot of mistakes, so long as your meaning is clear.

For band seven, you can make ‘occasional errors'.

For band eight, you can make ‘rare errors'.

This is one of the major points which keeps IELTS students at band six.

So, let's think: what counts as a vocabulary error?

There are four possibilities:

1.

You use the wrong word or phrase.

2.

You use an incorrect collocation.

For example, if you're writing a task two essay about healthy eating and diet, and you

say, ‘take a diet', that would be a collocation error.

You can ‘follow a diet,' ‘eat a healthy diet', ‘have a good diet', and many

others, but ‘take a diet' isn't possible.

3.

You spell a word incorrectly.

4.

You form a word incorrectly.

For example, if you want to make a noun from the word ‘overweight' and you write ‘overweightness', ||||||||||||sobrepeso||||sobrepeso

that would be a word formation error.

There's no noun from the word ‘overweight', by the way; you need to use a phrase with ||||||acima do peso||||||||||

a gerund, like ‘being overweight'.

So, how can you reduce the number of errors you make?

Here, you probably need feedback from a professional teacher.

If you make multiple mistakes, then you won't be aware of a lot of the mistakes you're

making.

Write essays or task one answers and look at the mistakes you make.

Sort your errors into these four types: choice of words, collocation, spelling or word formation.

If you're making mistakes with one thing,

for example, with spelling, do some study to find out why you're making these

mistakes and try to correct them.

Then, review your errors using a flashcard app like Anki.

This is a long process and you need patience; it will take a lot of work to reduce your

errors.

However, if you want band seven or higher, it's necessary.

Make flashcard questions with your errors, and put the correct word or phrase as the

answer.

For example:

Question: overweightness Answer: being overweight

Even better, make flashcards with full sentences from your writing, like this:

Question: Overweightness is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular

disease and stroke. ||acidente vascular

Answer: Being overweight is a major risk factor for many diseases, including cardiovascular

disease and stroke.

Okay, now let's put all of this together and make a plan for you to improve your IELTS

writing vocabulary score.

Learning vocabulary for IELTS is just learning vocabulary.

You need to do the same things you would do to improve your English vocabulary generally.

That means:

One: read regularly and widely.

Read as much as you can, read things from different topics, written by different people,

from different sources.

Two: learn vocabulary in phrases, collocations and sentences.

Learning a word in context is always more effective than trying to learn individual

words.

For the IELTS writing exam, you also need to write regularly.

You need to write practice answers and, ideally, get feedback from a professional teacher.

Finally, you need to track and review your vocabulary errors, as we said in the last section.

There's one important point about improving your vocabulary we haven't mentioned.

You need time.

You need lots of time.

The average learner cannot change these things in a few weeks, and even in 2-3 months you

can't make a big difference.

Don't waste your time learning lists of ‘essential IELTS words' or ‘advanced

IELTS vocabulary'.

You won't get a higher score by using a word or phrase that you memorised and don't

know how to use.

If you're around band 5.5 to 6.5 and you need a score of seven or above, you need to

do these things consistently over a long period of time to improve.

You need to read, write, get feedback and review your errors, and you need to keep doing

these things for months and months and months.

That's how you get better.

Anyway, good luck if you have an IELTS exam coming up soon, and thanks for watching! de qualquer forma|||||||||||||||