传销 不 挣钱 为啥 还有 这么 多人 参与 ？美国 大选 为啥 总是 两党 之争 ？李永乐 老师 讲 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 ||kiếm tiền||||||||||||||||| pyramid selling|not|make money|why|still|so|many people|participate|America|election|why|always|two parties|struggle|Li Yongle|teacher|explain|one dollar|auction|trap Warum sind so viele Menschen in Schneeballsysteme verwickelt? Warum sind die Wahlen in den USA immer ein Zweiparteienkampf? Herr Li Yongle spricht über die Dollar-Auktionsfalle. ¿Por qué hay tanta gente implicada en estafas piramidales si no ganan dinero? ¿Por qué las elecciones estadounidenses son siempre una batalla entre dos partidos? El Sr. Li Yongle sobre la trampa de la subasta de dólares 儲からないのに、なぜマルチ商法に関わる人が多いのか？なぜアメリカの選挙はいつも2つの政党の戦いなのか？ドルオクの罠について李永楽氏 다단계 사기에 연루된 사람들이 왜 그렇게 많은가요? 미국 선거는 왜 항상 초당파적인 싸움이 될까요? 리용레 씨가 달러 경매의 함정에 대해 이야기합니다. Почему так много людей участвуют в финансовых пирамидах, которые не приносят прибыли? Почему выборы в США всегда проходят под знаком двухпартийной борьбы? Г-н Ли Йонгле рассказывает о ловушке долларового аукциона Why do so many people participate in pyramid schemes if they don't make money? Why is there always a two-party struggle in the U.S. elections? Teacher Li Yongle talks about the one-dollar auction trap.

各位 同学 大家 好 我 是 李永乐 老师 everyone|students|everyone|good|I|am|Li Yongle|teacher Hello everyone, I am Teacher Li Yongle.

最近 有 一个 小朋友 给 我 发 来 私信 recently|have|one|child|to|me|send|come|private message Recently, a little friend sent me a private message.

说 他 有 一个 亲戚 参与 了 传销 say|he|has|one|relative|participate|past tense marker|pyramid scheme Nói rằng anh ấy có một người họ hàng tham gia vào đa cấp He said that he has a relative who participated in a pyramid scheme.

他 想 问 我 说 传销 到底 挣 不 挣钱 呢 he|want|ask|me|say|pyramid selling|exactly|earn|not|make money|emphasis marker Anh ấy muốn hỏi tôi rằng đa cấp thực sự có kiếm được tiền hay không He wants to ask me whether pyramid schemes actually make money.

如果 不 挣钱 的话 为什么 有 这么多 人 参与 传销 呢 if|not|make money|in that case|why|are|so many|people|participate|pyramid scheme|question marker Nếu không kiếm được tiền thì tại sao có nhiều người tham gia vào đa cấp như vậy If they don't make money, then why are there so many people involved in pyramid schemes?

今天 我们 就 来 研究 一下 这个 问题 today|we|just|come|study|a bit|this|problem Today, we will study this issue.

我们 从 经济学 上 一个 著名 的 问题 叫做 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 说起 we|from|economics|on|one|famous|attributive marker|problem|called|one dollar|auction|trap|speaking of Let's start with a famous problem in economics called the dollar auction trap.

什么 叫 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 呢 what|is called|one dollar|auction|trap|emphasis marker What is a one dollar auction trap?

这 是 在 1971 年 的 时候 this|is|at|year|attributive marker|time This was in the year 1971.

美国 耶鲁大学 有 一位 著名 的 经济学家 Đại học Yale|||||| United States|Yale University|has|one|famous|attributive marker|economist There was a famous economist at Yale University in the United States.

叫做 马丁 · 舒 比克 马丁 · 舒 比克 提出 的 His name was Martin Shubik.

他 提出 的 这个 模型 是 什么 意思 呢 he|propose|attributive marker|this|model|is|what|meaning|emphasis marker What does this model he proposed mean?

他 说 他 可以 跟 学生 玩 一个 这样 的 特殊 的 拍卖 he|said|he|can|with|students|play|one|such|attributive marker|special|attributive marker|auction He said he could play a special auction like this with the students.

他 就 拍卖 一美元 he|just|auction|one dollar He is auctioning one dollar.

这 一 美元 就是 一张 钞票 而且 没有 任何 收藏 价值 this|one|dollar|is|one|banknote|and|has no|any|collectible|value This one dollar is a bill and has no collectible value.

就是 普通 的 一美元 钞票 just|ordinary|attributive marker|one dollar|banknote It's just an ordinary one dollar bill.

他 说 拍卖 规则 是 两条 |||||two he|said|auction|rules|is|two He said the auction rules are twofold.

第一条 他 说 出价 最高 的 人 出价 最高 的 人会 怎么样 The first rule is what happens to the person who bids the highest.

会 获得 这 一美元 出 的 最高 就 获得 这 一美元 will|obtain|this|one dollar|from|attributive marker|highest|then|obtain|this|one dollar The person who bids the highest will get this one dollar.

那么 还有 第二条 then|still have|the second one Then there is the second point.

多 个人 出价 吗 出价 最高 的 还有 一个 叫 次高 的 many|people|bid|question marker|bid|highest|attributive marker|and also|one|called|second highest|attributive marker Are there more people bidding? The highest bid also has a second-highest.

这 两个 人 都 需要 怎么样 this|two|people|both|need|how What do these two people need?

都 需要 付钱 都 需要 按照 你 自己 的 出价 付钱 They both need to pay, and they need to pay according to their own bids.

比如说 吧 一个 人 出 5 毛 一个 人 出 6 毛 for example|let's say|one|person|contribute|5 cents|one|person|contribute|6 cents For example, one person contributes 50 cents and another person contributes 60 cents.

那么 这个 教授 一共 会 拿 回 1 块 1 来 then|this|professor|in total|will|take|back|dollar|come Then this professor will receive a total of 1 yuan.

同时 他 会 付出 这 1 块钱 给 那个 6 毛 的人 对吧 at the same time|he|will|pay|this|yuan|to|that|dimes|person|right At the same time, he will pay this 1 yuan to the person who contributed 60 cents, right?

如果 一个 出价 5 分 一个 出价 10 分 if|one|bid|points|one|bid|points If one bids 5 cents and another bids 10 cents.

他 就 会 把 这 一 美元 给 出价 10 分 的 人 同时 收回 来 1 毛 5 he|just|will|put|this|one|dollar|to|bid|cents|attributive marker|person|at the same time|take back|back|dime He will give this one dollar to the person who bids 10 cents and at the same time take back 1 dime and 5 cents.

就 这么 个 意思 好 just|this|one|meaning|good That's the idea.

那么 他 拿 这个 游戏 就 跟 学生 们 玩 then|he|take|this|game|just|with|students|plural marker|play Then he takes this game and plays it with the students.

说 这个 学生 们 你们 就 拍卖 这 一美元 say|this|student|plural marker|you|just|auction|this|one dollar He says to the students, you will auction this one dollar.

5 美分 起拍 每次 加价 加 5 美分 是 吧 mei fen|qi pa|mei ci|jia jia|jia|mei fen|shi|ba Starting at 5 cents, each bid increases by 5 cents, right?

然后 他 让 学生 们 开始 拍 then|he|let|students|plural marker|start|shoot Then he let the students start bidding.

学生 们 开始 就 想 说 这个 教授 脑子 是不是 抽 的 student|plural marker|start|already|want|to say|this|professor|brain|whether or not|crazy|attributive marker The students immediately thought, is this professor out of his mind?

怎么 搞 出来 拿 5 分钱 拍 一美元 how|get|out|take|cents|take|one dollar How did he come up with bidding one dollar for just 5 cents?

大家 就 开始 拍 的 时候 就 非常 踊跃 everyone|then|start|take (photos)|attributive marker|time|at that time|very|enthusiastic Everyone was very enthusiastic when they started bidding.

比如 第一个 人 他 就 出价 5 分 for example|the first|person|he|just|bid|points For example, the first person bid 5 points.

第二个 人 一看 你 出 5 分 我 出 10 分 对 不 对 second|person|at a glance|you|get|points|I|get|points|correct|not|correct The second person saw that you bid 5 points, so I will bid 10 points, right?

那 我 还是 能 赢 90 分 对 不 对 that|I|still|can|win|points|right|not|right Then I can still win 90 points, right?

这个 我们 就 只 看 前 两个 人 就 够 了 前 两个 价格 最高 的 人 ||||nhìn trước|||||||||||| this|we|only|just|look|front|two|people|only|enough|emphasis marker|front|two|price|highest|attributive marker|people For this, we only need to look at the first two people, the two with the highest prices.

第一个 人 一看 你 出 10 分 是 吧 那 我 出 15 分 first|person|at a glance|you|score|10 points|is|right|then|I|score|15 points The first person sees that you bid 10 points, so I will bid 15 points.

第二个 人 就 出价 20 分 开始 学生 们 玩 得 非常 有意思 second|person|then|bid|points|start|students|plural marker|play|degree marker|very|interesting The second person then bids 20 points, and the students are having a lot of fun.

直到 某 一个 时候 就是 第一个 学生 已经 出到 45 分 了 until|certain|one|time|that is|the first|student|already|reach|points|emphasis marker Until a certain point, the first student has already bid 45 points.

第二个 学生 出到 了 50 分 second|student|scored|past tense marker|50 points The second student scored 50 points.

在 这个 时候 教授 看起来 还是 亏 的 为什么 呢 at|this|time|professor|seem|still|loss|attributive marker|why|emphasis marker At this time, the professor still seems to be at a loss, why is that?

因为 他 一共 可以 拿 回 9 毛 5 来 because|he|in total|can|take|back|dimes|to Because he can get back a total of 95 cents.

但 他 需要 付出 一 美元 对 不 对 but|he|needs|pay|one|dollar|right|not|right But he needs to pay one dollar, right?

但是 此时 第一个 学生会 不会 继续 出价 but|at this time|first|student council|will not|continue|bid But at this time, the first student will not continue to bid.

他 就 会 想 如果 我 这个 时候 不 出价 了 he|just|will|think|if|I|this|time|not|bid|emphasis marker He will think, if I don't bid now.

我 就 白 损失 45 分 对 不 对 I|just|in vain|lose|points|right|not|right I will lose 45 points for nothing, right?

如果 我 出价 出到 55 分 那 我 还是 有 可能 赚 45 分 的 对 不 对 if|I|bid|reach|points|then|I|still|have|possibility|earn|points|attributive marker|right|not|right If I bid up to 55 points, then I still have a chance to earn 45 points, right?

所以 第一个 学生会 继续 出价 出到 55 分 so|first|student council|continue|bid|up to|points So the first student will continue to bid up to 55 points.

第二个 学生 此时 会 不会 继续 出价 second|student|at this time|will|not|continue|bid Will the second student continue to bid at this point?

他 一 想 我 现在 如果 不 出价 了 那 我 就 亏了 50 分 对 不 对 白亏 ||||||||||||||||uổng phí| he|one|think|I|now|if|not|bid|emphasis marker|then|I|just|lose|points|right|not|right|lose for nothing He thinks, if I don't bid now, then I will lose 50 points, right? That's a loss for nothing.

如果 我 现在 出价 出 60 分 的话 那 我 还是 有 可能 赚 40 分 的 if|I|now|bid|offer|points|if|then|I|still|have|possibility|earn|points|attributive marker If I bid 60 points now, then I still have a chance to earn 40 points.

所以 他 也 会 继续 出价 但是 大家 渐渐 感觉 好像 不对劲 了 so|he|also|will|continue|bid|but|everyone|gradually|feel|as if|something is wrong|emphasis marker So he will continue to bid, but everyone gradually feels that something is not right.

好像 教授 已经 开始 赚钱 了 于是 又 这么 一直 往 下 出价 seems|professor|already|start|making money|emphasis marker|so|again|this|continuously|towards|down|bid It seems that the professor has already started making money, so they keep bidding down.

出到 了 95 分 和 100 分 score of|emphasis marker|95 points|and|100 points Bidding reached 95 points and 100 points.

到 这个 时候 这个 游戏 大家 都 感觉 不对劲 了 为什么 呢 to|this|time|this|game|everyone|all|feel|something is wrong|emphasis marker|why|emphasis marker At this point, everyone feels that something is wrong with the game. Why is that?

此时 第二个 人 肯定 是 没得 赚 了 at this time|second|person|definitely|is|nothing|to earn|emphasis marker At this point, the second person definitely has nothing to gain.

他 就算 是 赢 了 he|even if|is|win|emphasis marker Even if he wins,

也 只能 保证 自己 一分钱 没赚 一分钱 没赔 对 吧 |||||||không lỗ|| also|can only|guarantee|oneself|one cent|did not earn|one cent|did not lose|right|tag question marker he can only ensure that he neither made a penny nor lost a penny, right?

而 在 这种 情况 下 第一个 人 会 不会 继续 出 咱们 想 一想 and|in|this kind of|situation|under|first|person|will|not|continue|go out|we|think|think about it And in this situation, will the first person continue to play? Let's think about it.

假如 他 不 继续 出价 他 白亏 95 分 if|he|not|continue|bid|he|lose for nothing|points If he doesn't continue to bid, he will lose 95 points.

如果 他 继续 出价 的话 他 出 105 分 会 有 什么 结果 ||||||phân hội||||| if|he|continue|bid|if|he|bid|points|will|have|what|result If he continues to bid, what will happen if he bids 105 points?

他 出 105 分 的 时候 他 如果 要是 赢 了 这 一 美元 he|scored|points|attributive marker|time|he|if|if|win|past tense marker|this|one|dollar When he bids 105 points, if he wins this one dollar.

他 只不过 是 亏了 5 美分 对 不 对 he|just|is|lost|cents|right|not|right He will only lose 5 cents, right?

所以 相比 来讲 他 还是 要 出 105 分 的 so|compared to|speaking of|he|still|need|score|points|attributive marker So comparatively, he still has to offer 105 points.

他 出 了 价 之后 第二个 人 会 怎么 想 he|make|past tense marker|price|after|second|person|will|how|think After he makes his bid, how will the second person think?

他 不 出价 了 自己 白亏 100 分 he|not|bid|emphasis marker|himself|lose for nothing|points If he doesn't bid, he will lose 100 points for nothing.

他 出 110 分 的话 如果 赢 了 可以 亏 10 分 对 不 对 he|score|points|if|if|win|past tense marker|can|lose|points|correct|not|correct If he bids 110 points, if he wins, he can lose 10 points, right?

于是 他 会 继续 出 110 分 so|he|will|continue|score|points So he will continue to score 110 points.

但是 他们 两个 都 知道 在 这种 情况下 but|they|both|all|know|in|this kind of|situation But both of them know that in this situation,

就算 赢 了 这个 买卖 自己 也 是 赔 的 even if|win|past tense marker|this|business|oneself|also|is|lose|emphasis marker even if they win this deal, they will still lose.

于是 这个 价格 会 一直 继续 往下 涨 so|this|price|will|continuously|continue|downwards|rise So this price will continue to rise.

于是 两个 学生 会 怎么样 会 陷入 一种 困境 so|two|students|will|how|will|fall into|a kind of|predicament So how will the two students get into a dilemma?

那么 这个 美元 到底 拍出 多少 呢 so|this|US dollar|exactly|auction out|how much|question marker So how much will this dollar actually be auctioned for?

这个 舒 比克 教授 在 哈佛 耶鲁 等等 大学 做 了 很 多次 实验 this|Shu|Bick|professor|at|Harvard|Yale|etc|university|do|past tense marker|many|times|experiments This Professor Shubik has conducted many experiments at universities like Harvard and Yale.

最后 这 一 美元 拍 的 价格 大概 是 20 美元 到 60 美元 之间 last|this|one|dollar|auction|attributive marker|price|approximately|is|dollars|to|dollars|between In the end, the price auctioned for this one dollar is approximately between 20 and 60 dollars.

大家 可能 感觉 很 奇怪 everyone|might|feel|very|strange Everyone might feel very strange.

说 哈佛 耶鲁 的 学生 难道 都 是 笨蛋 吗 say|Harvard|Yale|attributive marker|students|could it be that|all|are|fools|question marker Are the students from Harvard and Yale really all fools?

他们 怎么 最后 用 20 多 美元 或者 60 多 美元 买 了 一 美元 they|how|finally|use|more|dollars|or|more|dollars|buy|past tense marker|one|dollar How did they end up buying something worth one dollar for over twenty or sixty dollars?

事实上 最 开始 学生 们 在 参与 的 时候 可能 并 没有 想到 这些 in fact|most|beginning|students|plural marker|at|participate|attributive marker|time|possibly|not|have not|think of|these In fact, when the students first got involved, they might not have thought about these things.

他们 可能 只是 觉得 好玩 they|might|just|feel|fun They might just find it fun.

好玩 或者 是 他们 觉得 这个 可以 小 赚 一笔 fun|or|is|they|feel|this|can|small|earn|a sum Fun or they think they can make a little profit.

对 吧 可以 小 赚 一笔 right|suggestion marker|can|small|earn|a sum Right, they can make a little profit.

但是 进入 到 这个 阶段 之后 他们 感觉 已经 不对劲 了 对吧 but|enter|to|this|stage|after|they|feel|already|something is wrong|emphasis marker|right But after reaching this stage, they feel something is off, right?

他们 已经 感觉 到 自己 好像 陷入 了 一种 困境 they|already|feel|to|oneself|seem|fall into|past tense marker|one kind of|predicament They have already felt like they are trapped in a dilemma.

自己 已经 不想 再 继续 玩 了 oneself|already|don't want|anymore|continue|play|emphasis marker They no longer want to continue playing.

但是 不玩 的话 自己 就要 白白 损失 了 but|not play|if|oneself|will|in vain|lose|emphasis marker But if they don't play, they will lose everything for nothing.

那么 到 了 后面 这个 阶段 他 完全 是 后悔 对 吧 so|to|emphasis marker|later|this|stage|he|completely|is|regret|right|tag question marker So at this later stage, they completely regret it, right?

他们 就 想 最 开始 我 就 不 应该 参与 这个 游戏 they|just|want|most|start|I|just|not|should|participate|this|game They just thought that I shouldn't have participated in this game from the very beginning.

现在 我 已经 是 一定 会 亏 了 但是 我 还 不能 停 下来 now|I|already|am|definitely|will|lose|emphasis marker|but|I|still|cannot|stop|down Now I am definitely going to lose, but I still can't stop.

因为 我 如果 停下来 我 亏得 更 多 because|I|if|stop|I|lose|more|more Because if I stop, I will lose even more.

就 在 这种 后悔 的 程度 上 两个 人 会 一直 往下 加价 just|at|this kind of|regret|attributive marker|degree|on|two|people|will|continuously|downwards|raise the price At this level of regret, the two people will keep raising the stakes.

直到 某 一个 人 实在 受不了 退出 了 until|certain|one|person|really|can't stand|quit|emphasis marker Until a certain person really couldn't take it anymore and withdrew.

然后 另外 一个 人 就 拿到 了 这 一美元 then|another|one|person|then|get|past tense marker|this|one dollar Then another person got this one dollar.

但 他 却 付出 了 几十 美元 的 代价 but|he|however|pay|past tense marker|dozens of|dollars|attributive marker|price But he paid a price of several tens of dollars.

这个 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 在 实际 生活 中 其实 非常 非常 常见 This one dollar auction trap is actually very, very common in real life.

我们 举 几个 例子 we|give|a few|examples Let's give a few examples.

在 生活 中 有 哪些 例子 跟 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 很 像 in|life|in|have|what|examples|with|one dollar|auction|trap|very|similar What are some examples in life that are very similar to the one dollar auction trap?

第一个 例子 我们 比如说 美国 大选 first|example|we|for example|United States|election The first example, let's say, is the U.S. presidential election.

美国 大选 的 时候 这个 党派 之间 为了 争夺 总统 席位 United States|election|attributive marker|time|this|party|between|in order to|compete for|president|position During the U.S. presidential election, the parties compete for the presidential seat.

他们 会 花 大量 的 资金 进行 竞选 they|will|spend|large amount|attributive marker|funds|conduct|campaign They will spend a large amount of money on the campaign.

其实 他们 本来 并不 需要 花 这么 多 资金 actually|they|originally|not really|need|spend|so|much|funds In fact, they originally did not need to spend so much money.

但是 他们 花 到 一定 程度 之后 发现 对方 花 的 比 我 还 多 but|they|spend|to|certain|extent|after|find out|the other party|spend|attributive marker|more than|me|even|more However, after spending to a certain extent, they found that the opponent was spending even more than I was.

如果 我 要是 不 继续 往 里 投入 的话 |||||về phía||| if|I|if|not|continue|towards|inside|invest|speaking of If I don't continue to invest in it.

那 我 可能 总统 宝座 就 不 保 了 对 不 对 that|I|might|president|throne|then|not|secure|emphasis marker|right|not|right Then I might lose the presidential throne, right?

所以 我 必须 要 继续 投入 两个 人 就 拼命 地 投 … so|I|must|need|continue|invest|two|people|just|desperately|adverb marker|invest So I must continue to invest, the two of them are working hard to campaign...

每年 美国 大选 的 时候 你 会 发现 声势 都 非常 浩大 every year|America|election|attributive marker|time|you|will|find|momentum|all|very|grand Every year during the U.S. elections, you will find the momentum is very grand.

其实 他们 也 不 想 这样 actually|they|also|not|want|this way In fact, they don't want it to be this way either.

但是 他们 陷入 了 一种 什么 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 but|they|fall into|past tense marker|one kind of|what|one dollar|auction|trap But they fell into a kind of one dollar auction trap.

那个 美国 总统 就是 那 一美元 是 吧 that|America|president|is|that|one dollar|is|right That American president is the one dollar, right?

还有 什么 呢 What else is there?

再 比如说 我们 在 生活中 还 遇到 过 这样 的 现象 again|for example|we|in|life|also|encounter|past tense marker|such|attributive marker|phenomenon For example, we have encountered such phenomena in our lives.

什么 现象 就是 价格战 what|phenomenon|is|price war What phenomenon is a price war?

说 两个 商家 为了 争夺 顾客 打 价格战 是 吧 say|two|merchants|in order to|compete for|customers|engage in|price war|is|tag question marker It's when two merchants engage in a price war to compete for customers, right?

你 是 那个 成本 线 只 赚 一块钱 you|are|that|cost|line|only|earn|one yuan You are at a cost line where you only make one dollar.

我 就 成本 线 只 赚 一分钱 ||chi phí|线||| I|just|cost|line|only|earn|one cent I am at a cost line where I only make one cent.

你 赚 一分钱 我 就 干脆 不 赚 you|earn|one cent|I|then|simply|not|earn If you make a penny, I simply won't make anything.

我 就 亏本 一分钱 我 就 亏本 一块钱 I|just|lose money|one cent|I|just|lose money|one yuan I would rather lose a penny than lose a dollar.

最后 造成 了 两边 的 价格 越 压 越 低 ||||||càng ép||| finally|caused|past tense marker|both sides|attributive marker|price|more and more|pressure|more and more|low In the end, this caused the prices on both sides to keep dropping.

他们 明明 知道 这样 价格战 打 下去 对 双方 其实 都 没有 好处 they|clearly|know|this kind of|price war|fight|continue|for|both sides|actually|both|no|benefits They clearly know that continuing this price war is not beneficial for either side.

但是 他们 不得不 打 下去 了 but|they|have to|fight|continue|emphasis marker But they had to keep fighting.

因为 他们 已经 亏 了 很多 了 because|they|already|lose|emphasis marker|a lot|emphasis marker Because they had already lost a lot.

如果 这时候 不 打 下去 自己的 顾客 还 没有 对 不 对 if|at this time|not|hit|down|own|customers|still|have not|right|not|right If they don't keep fighting at this point, their own customers will be lost, right?

那 就 亏得 更 多 了 that|then|lose|more|much|emphasis marker Then they would lose even more.

顾客 就是 那 一美元 而 不停 的 降价 customer|is|that|one dollar|and|continuously|attributive marker|lower prices The customer is that one dollar and keeps dropping in price.

其实 就 已经 陷入 了 这 一美元 的 拍卖 陷阱 了 是 吧 actually|already|already|陷入|past tense marker|this|one dollar|attributive marker|auction|trap|emphasis marker|is|tag question marker In fact, they have already fallen into this one dollar auction trap, right?

那么 我们 怎么 去 解决 这个 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 呢 so|we|how|to|solve|this|one dollar|auction|trap|question marker So how do we solve this one dollar auction trap?

其实 解决 方法 也 很 简单 actually|solve|method|also|very|simple Actually, the solution is quite simple.

就是 两个 方法 just|two|methods There are two methods.

第一个 方法 就是 不 参与 first|method|is|not|participate The first method is to not participate.

举个 例子 美国 大选 就 只有 两个 党派 give an|example|United States|election|only|there are only|two|parties For example, in the U.S. elections, there are only two parties.

哪 两个 党派 民主党 和 共和党 对 吧 which|two|parties|Democratic Party|and|Republican Party|correct|emphasis marker Which two parties? The Democratic Party and the Republican Party, right?

民主 和 共和 两个 党派 democracy|and|republic|two|parties Democratic and Republican parties

美国 其实 有 一百多个 党派 America|actually|have|more than one hundred|parties The United States actually has over a hundred parties

那 为什么 只有 民主 和 共和 这 两个 党派 参与 美国 大选 呢 So why do only the Democratic and Republican parties participate in the U.S. elections?

因为 其他 小 党派 都 知道 自己 进去 的话 because|other|small|parties|all|know|themselves|get in|if Because other smaller parties know that if they enter, they will...

那 就是 这个 一美元 拍卖 陷阱 的问题 that|is|this|one dollar|auction|trap|problem So that's the problem with this one dollar auction trap.

自己 根本 没有 胜算 那 何必 还要 参与 对 不 对 oneself|at all|have no|chance of winning|then|why bother|still want to|participate|right|not|right If you have no chance of winning, why bother participating, right?

所以 其他 党派 非常 明智 的 选择 了 不 参与 对 吧 so|other|parties|very|wise|attributive marker|choice|past tense marker|not|participate|right|tag question marker So the other parties wisely chose not to participate, right?

那 我们 回过头来 看 这个 游戏 that|we|turn back|look at|this|game Now let's turn back and look at this game.

那 这个 游戏 如果 教授 在 你们 的 课堂 上 玩 的话 that|this|game|if|professor|in|your|attributive marker|classroom|on|play|if So, if the professor plays this game in your class,

你 该 怎么办 那 你 只有 一个 选择 就是 你 不 参与 对 吧 you|should|do|then|you|only|one|choice|is|you|not|participate|right|tag question marker what should you do? You only have one choice, which is not to participate, right?

如果 有人 参与 了 出价 5 美分 那 你 就 让 他 把 这 一美元 赚 过去 |||||||||||||kiếm được|| if|someone|participate|past tense marker|bid|cents|then|you|just|let|him|emphasis marker|this|one dollar|earn|go to the past If someone bids 5 cents, then you let him earn that dollar.

你 不要 去 接茬 因为 你 一旦 接茬 跟 他 杠上 的话 |||đối đầu||||tranh cãi|||đối đầu| you|do not|go|interrupt|because|you|once|interrupt|with|him|argue with|if You shouldn't engage because once you engage, you'll be at odds with him.

最后 你 就 陷入 这个 陷阱 了 finally|you|just|fall into|this|trap|emphasis marker In the end, you fell into this trap.

而 这个 人 就是 这个 出价 5 美分 的 人 是不是 会 运气 非常 好 呢 but|this|person|is|this|bid|cents|attributive marker|person|is or not|will|luck|very|good|emphasis marker And this person is the one who bid 5 cents; will he be very lucky?

其实 如果 你 不 参与 可能 还 会 有 别人 参与 actually|if|you|not|participate|possibly|still|will|have|others|participate In fact, if you don't participate, there might be others who will.

他 的 运气 不会 那么 好 he|attributive marker|luck|will not|that|good His luck won't be that good.

所以 让 那些 人 去 陷入 这个 陷阱 而 我们 不 陷 进去 就 可以 了 |||||||||không rơi|||||| so|let|those|people|go|fall into|this|trap|and|we|not|fall|inside|then|can|emphasis marker So let those people fall into this trap while we do not fall into it.

这 是 第一 种 方法 this|is|first|kind|method This is the first method.

那 第二种 方法 叫 什么 叫 可信 威胁 that|second|method|is called|what|is called|trustworthy|threat The second method is called what? It's called credible threat.

什么 叫 可信 威胁 what|is called|trustworthy|threat What is a credible threat?

比如说 这 两个 人 A 和 B 这 两个 人 说 参与 游戏 了 for example|this|two|people|A|and|B|this|two|people|said|participate|game|past tense marker For example, these two people A and B say they participated in the game.

这个 B 就 说 了 说 我 现在 想 赢 这 一美元 this|B|just|said|past tense marker|say|I|now|want|win|this|one dollar Then B said, 'I want to win this one dollar now.'

而且 我 广播 向 所有人 宣布 我 告诉 你们 moreover|I|broadcast|to|everyone|announce|I|tell|you all And I broadcast to everyone, I tell you all.

不管 你们 出 多少 我 都 加 5 分钱 no matter|you|give|how much|I|all|add|cents No matter how much you put in, I will add 5 cents.

比如说 A 吧 你 出 5 分 对 吧 那 我 就 出 10 分 for example|A|emphasis marker|you|give|points|correct|emphasis marker|then|I|just|give|points For example, let's say you put in 5 points, then I will put in 10 points.

你 出 15 分 我 就 出 20 分 你 出 45 我 就 出 50 you|give|points|I|then|give|points|you|give|I|then|give If you put in 15 points, I will put in 20 points. If you put in 45, I will put in 50.

你 要 出 95 我 就 出 100 you|want|give|I|then|give If you want to put in 95, I will put in 100.

你 出 一万 我 就 出 一万 零五分 you|put out|ten thousand|I|then|put out|ten thousand|five cents If you put in ten thousand, I will put in ten thousand and five points.

我 一定 比 你 多 五分 钱 I|definitely|than|you|more|five cents|money I will definitely have five more dollars than you.

这个 时候 如果 别人 都 相信 B 这个 人 财大气粗 this|time|if|others|all|believe|B|this|person|wealthy and powerful At this time, if others all believe that person B is wealthy and generous.

一定 能够 加上 这 5 分钱 的话 那么 别人 就 不会 参与 了 definitely|be able to|add|this|cents|if|then|others|just|will not|participate|emphasis marker If they can definitely add this five dollars, then others will not participate.

这样 一来 B 就 会 拿 最低 的 价格 this way|in this case|B|then|will|get|lowest|attributive marker|price In this way, B will get the lowest price.

比如 5 美分 然后 赢得 这 一美元 for example|cents|then|win|this|one dollar For example, 5 cents and then win this one dollar.

在 现实生活 中 这样 的 例子 有 哪些 in|real life|in|such|attributive marker|examples|have|which What are some examples of this in real life?

比如 价格战 的 时候 会 出现 这样 的 情况 for example|price war|attributive marker|time|will|appear|such|attributive marker|situation For instance, this situation occurs during price wars.

我们 经常 会 看到 这样 一句 话 叫做 “买 贵 了 退 差价 ” we|often|will|see|such|one|phrase|called|buy|expensive|emphasis marker|refund|price difference We often see a phrase that says 'If you buy at a higher price, we will refund the difference.'

多长时间 之内 你 买 贵 了 我 把 差价 退 给 你 对 不 对 how long|within|you|buy|expensive|emphasis marker|I|object marker|price difference|refund|to|you|correct|not|correct How long will it take for you to buy it at a higher price, and I will refund you the price difference, right?

这 句 话 的 意思 到底 是 什么 this|sentence|words|attributive marker|meaning|on earth|is|what What does this sentence actually mean?

看起来 好像 是 对 消费者 的 一个 承诺 seem|like|is|to|consumers|attributive marker|one|commitment It seems like a promise to consumers.

但 实际上 这句 话 很多 时候 是 对 其他 商家 的 威胁 but|in fact|this sentence|words|many|times|is|to|other|merchants|attributive marker|threat But in reality, this sentence is often a threat to other businesses.

就是 告诉 其他 商家 你 不要 随便 降价 just|tell|other|merchants|you|do not|casually|lower prices It just tells other merchants not to lower prices casually.

你 要是 降价 了 我 会 跟着 降 you|if|lower the price|emphasis marker|I|will|follow|lower If you lower the price, I will follow suit.

甚至 有人 说 买 贵 了 我 双倍 退 差价 对 吧 even|someone|say|buy|expensive|emphasis marker|I|double|refund|price difference|right|tag question marker Some even say that if you buy at a higher price, I will refund double the price difference, right?

你 降 了 价 我 降 得 比 你 还要 狠 you|lower|past tense marker|price|I|lower|degree marker|than|you|even more|fiercely If you lower the price, I will lower it even more aggressively than you.

所以 你 千万 不要 降 so|you|absolutely|do not|lower So you must not lower it at all.

因为 这样 会 使 大家 进入 什么 一美元 消费 陷阱 because|this way|will|make|everyone|enter|what|one dollar|consumption|trap Because this will cause everyone to fall into some one-dollar consumption trap.

这 就是 所谓 的 可信 威胁 this|is|so-called|attributive marker|credible|threat This is what is known as a credible threat.

在 前 几年 的 时候 at|previous|few years|attributive marker|time A few years ago.

这个 京东 和 当当 曾经 发生 过 这样 的 一件 事 this|JDcom|and|Dangdang|once|happen|past tense marker|such|attributive marker|one|thing This is a story that happened between JD.com and Dangdang.

京东 它 的 主营业务 应该 是 电子产品 JDcom|it|attributive marker|main business|should|be|electronic products JD.com's main business should be electronic products.

而 当当 主营业务 是 图书 当时 京东 也 进入 图书 行业 了 but|Dangdang|main business|is|books|at that time|JDcom|also|entered|book|industry|past tense marker On the other hand, Dangdang's main business is books, and at that time, JD.com also entered the book industry.

而且 卖 的 书 比 当当 还 便宜 moreover|sell|attributive marker|books|than|Dangdang|even|cheaper Moreover, the books sold by JD.com were even cheaper than those sold by Dangdang.

于是 当 当做 了 一件 事 就是 京东 所有 卖 的 最好 的 手机 so|when|treat as|past tense marker|one|thing|is|JDcom|all|sell|attributive marker|best|attributive marker|mobile phone So, what was done was that JD sold the best mobile phones.

当当 无条件 便宜 50 到 100 元 Dangdang|unconditional|cheap|to|yuan Dangdang unconditionally reduced the price by 50 to 100 yuan.

那 这样 做 他 目的 是 什么 that|this way|do|he|purpose|is|what So what is his purpose in doing this?

他 其实 想 告诉 京东 我 现在 要 和 你 打 一场 价格战 he|actually|want|tell|JDcom|I|now|want|with|you|fight|one|price war He actually wants to tell JD that he wants to engage in a price war with you.

但是 我 不 希望 陷入 一美元 消费 陷阱 but|I|not|hope|fall into|one dollar|consumption|trap But I don't want to fall into the one dollar consumption trap.

不 希望 咱们 俩个 你 降 完 我 降 我 降 完 你 降 not|hope|we|two|you|lower|finish|I|lower|I|lower|finish|you|lower I don't want us to both lower our prices, you lower yours and then I lower mine.

所以 我 告诉 你 我 降价 你 也 别 降 了 so|I|tell|you|I|lower the price|you|also|don't|lower|emphasis marker So I tell you, I will lower my price, but you shouldn't lower yours.

你 要是 降 的话 我 还 跟着 降 对 吧 you|if|lower|then|I|still|follow|lower|right|emphasis marker If you lower yours, then I will also lower mine, right?

这 实际上 也 是 一种 什么 可信 的 威胁 this|in fact|also|is|one kind of|what|credible|attributive marker|threat This is actually a kind of credible threat.

好 那么 说完 了 这些 之后 good|then|finish speaking|past tense marker|these|after Well, after saying all this,

我们 就 会 回过头来 来说 一说 传销 了 we|then|will|turn back|to say|briefly|pyramid scheme|emphasis marker we will turn back and talk about pyramid schemes.

传销 其实 就 像是 一美元 拍卖 一样 pyramid scheme|actually|just|like|one dollar|auction|the same Pyramid schemes are actually like a one dollar auction.

最 开始 的 时候 他 可能 有 一个 上级 跟 你 说 了 most|beginning|attributive marker|time|he|might|have|one|superior|with|you|say|past tense marker At the very beginning, he might have had a superior tell you.

说 我们 这个 公司 特别 好 say|we|this|company|especially|good They said our company is particularly good.

好 到 什么 程度 你 只要 付出 很少 的 代价 good|to|what|extent|you|as long as|pay|very little|attributive marker|cost To what extent? You only need to pay a very small price.

很少 的 钱 很少 的 时间 你 就 可以 赚 非常 非常 多 very little|attributive marker|money|very little|attributive marker|time|you|just|can|earn|extremely|extremely|much A little money and a little time, and you can earn a lot, a lot.

就 好像 你 用 5 分钱 就 可以 赚 一美元 一样 just|like|you|use|cents|just|can|earn|one dollar|the same It's just like you can earn one dollar by spending five cents.

当 你 真正 付出 5 分钱 之后 when|you|truly|pay out|cents|after Once you actually spend the five cents,

你 就 已经 发现 自己 好像 陷入 了 一个 陷阱 you|already|already|discover|oneself|seem|fall into|past tense marker|one|trap you find that you seem to have fallen into a trap.

你 投入 越来越 多 但是 怎么 也 拿 不到 自己 这 一美元 you|invest|more and more|more|but|how|also|get|cannot get|own|this|one dollar The more you invest, the less you can get that one dollar back.

直到 某 一天 你 付出 的 价格 已经 超过 了 这 一美元 了 until|certain|day|you|pay|attributive marker|price|already|exceed|past tense marker|this|one dollar|emphasis marker Until one day, the price you have paid has already exceeded this one dollar.

但是 你 还要 再 持续 不断 往 里 付出 but|you|still need to|again|continuously|constantly|towards|inside|invest But you still have to keep putting in more.

为什么 因为 你 陷入 了 这样 一个 陷阱 why|because|you|fall into|past tense marker|such|one|trap Why? Because you have fallen into such a trap.

如果 你 停下来 的话 那 可能 会 损失 更大 对 不 对 if|you|stop|speaking of|then|possibly|will|lose|greater|right|not|right If you stop, it may lead to even greater losses, right?

因此 对于 传销 者 来讲 therefore|for|pyramid selling|person|speaking Therefore, for MLM participants,

也许 有 一些 传销 者 他们 确实 是 被 洗脑 的 maybe|there are|some|pyramid scheme|people|they|indeed|are|by|brainwashed|attributive marker perhaps there are some MLM participants who are indeed brainwashed.

他们 认为 传销 是 可以 赚钱 的 they|believe|pyramid selling|is|can|make money|attributive marker They believe that MLM can make money.

而 大部分 传销 者 只是 宝宝 心里 苦 但 宝宝 不 说 but|most|pyramid scheme|people|just|baby|in the heart|suffering|but|baby|not|say And most MLM participants just feel sad inside but don't say it.

他 发现 自己 被 骗 了 但是 还要 通过 同样 的 办法 来 骗 人 he|discovered|oneself|by|deceived|emphasis marker|but|still want to|through|the same|attributive marker|method|to|deceive|people He found out that he was deceived, but still wanted to use the same method to deceive others.

以 获得 自己 这个 一美元 对 吧 in order to|obtain|oneself|this|one dollar|right|emphasis marker To obtain his own one dollar, right?

所以 对于 传销 者 我们 只有 一个 建议 那 就是 不 参与 so|for|pyramid scheme|people|we|only|one|suggestion|that|is|not|participate So for those involved in pyramid schemes, we have only one suggestion: do not participate.

如果 你 不幸 已经 进入 了 传销 那么 及时 止损 if|you|unfortunately|already|enter|past tense marker|pyramid scheme|then|promptly|stop loss If you unfortunately have already entered a pyramid scheme, then cut your losses in time.

就 像 这些 学生 一样 just|like|these|students|the same Just like these students.

不要 最后 到 了 付出 五六十 倍 的 价格 的 时候 do not|finally|to|emphasis marker|pay|fifty or sixty|times|attributive marker|price|attributive marker|time Don't wait until you have to pay five or six times the price.

才 发现 自己 上当 受骗 了 only|discover|oneself|be fooled|be deceived|emphasis marker Only then will you realize you've been deceived.

大家 如果 喜欢 我 的 视频 everyone|if|like|my|attributive marker|video If everyone likes my videos.

可以 在 西瓜 视频 和 YouTube 帐号 李永乐 老师 里 关注 我 can|at|watermelon|video|and|YouTube|account|Li Yongle|teacher|in|follow|me You can follow me on the watermelon video and YouTube account of Teacher Li Yongle.