سفر در زمان و پارادوکس های آن (2)
travel|in|time|and|paradox|plural marker|it
Zeitreisen und ihre Paradoxien (2)
Το ταξίδι στο χρόνο και τα παράδοξά του (2)
Le voyage dans le temps et ses paradoxes (2)
Il viaggio nel tempo e i suoi paradossi (2)
Tijdreizen en zijn paradoxen (2)
Podróż w czasie i jej paradoksy (2)
Viagem no tempo e seus paradoxos (2)
Tidsresor och dess paradoxer (2)
Zaman yolculuğu ve paradoksları (2)
Time travel and its paradoxes (2)
پس طبق قانون دوم ترمودینامیک جهان هیچوقت نمیتونه
so|according to|law|second|thermodynamics|universe|never||
So according to the second law of thermodynamics, the universe can never
به وضعیتی که قبلا توش بوده برگرده. پس سفر به گذشته فعلا منتفیه.
to|situation|that|previously|in it|had been|returns|so|travel|to|past|for now|is ruled out
return to a state it was in before. So time travel to the past is currently ruled out.
اما حالا میخوام کلا از یه دید دیگه به همه چی نگاه کنم.
but|now|I want|completely|from|a|perspective|another|to|everything|thing|look|I do
But now I want to look at everything from a completely different perspective.
اگه کلا چیزی به نام زمان وجود خارجی نداشته باشه چی؟
if|in general|something|to|name|time|existence|external|doesn't have|be|what
What if there is no such thing as time in reality?
اگه زمان فقط زاییدهی ذهن ما باشه چی؟
if|time|only|||mind|us|is|what
What if time is just a product of our minds?
یکی از نظریات جدیدی که سعی کرده جهانو توصیف کنه،
one|of|theories|new|that|effort|has tried|the world|to describe|it
One of the new theories that has tried to describe the universe,
نظریهی Block Universe یا جهان توده هست.
||Block|Universe|or|world|block|is
is the Block Universe theory.
طبق این نظریه، کل زمان و کل فضا به صورت یه تودهی فضا-زمانه،
according to|this|theory|total|time|and|total|space|in|form|a||||
According to this theory, all time and all space exist as a single mass of space-time,
یعنی گذشته و حال و آینده همه با هم هم زمان وجود دارن،
it means|past|and|present|and|future|all|with|together||time|existence|exist
meaning that the past, present, and future all exist simultaneously,
اینجوری نیست که گذشته دیگه از بین رفته باشه یا آینده هنوز ایجاد نشده باشه.
this way|is not|that|past|anymore|from|between|gone|be|or|future|yet|created|not happened|be
it is not the case that the past has disappeared or that the future has not yet been created.
گذر زمانم فقط یه توهمه.
passage|my time|only|a|illusion
The passage of time is just an illusion.
با یه مثال سعی میکنم یه مقدار قضیه رو روشنترش کنم.
with|a|example|I try||I make||little|issue|it|||I make
I will try to clarify the issue a bit with an example.
فرض کنید من از اراک سوار ماشین میشم حرکت میکنم برم به سمت تهران.
assume|you (plural)|I|from|Arak|get in|car|I am|||I go|towards|direction|Tehran
Suppose I get in a car from Arak and start heading towards Tehran.
وسطای راه میرسم به قم. الان قم میشه زمان حال.
middle of|road|I reach|to|Qom|now|Qom|becomes|time|present
On the way, I reach Qom. Now, Qom is the present time.
اراک میشه زمان گذشته، تهرانم میشه زمان آینده.
Arak|becomes|tense|past|Tehran|becomes|tense|future
Arak becomes the past, and Tehran becomes the future.
اما اراک یعنی گذشته، الان دیگه از بین رفته؟
but|Arak|means|past|now|anymore|from|between|gone
But Arak means the past, has it disappeared now?
نه، هنوزم هستش، فقط من ازش اومدم بیرون.
no|still|is|only|I|from it|came|outside
No, it still exists, I just came out of it.
تهران یا آینده چی؟ اونم همین الان وجود داره فقط من هنوز بهش نرسیدم.
Tehran|or|future|what|that too|right now|now|existence|has|only|I|yet|to it|haven't reached
What about Tehran or the future? It exists right now, I just haven't reached it yet.
این نظریهی بلاک یونیورس هم یه همچین ایدهای داره.
this|||block|universe|also|a|such|||has
This block universe theory has a similar idea.
یعنی گذشته و حال و آینده همه با هم همزمان وجود دارن، این ماییم که داریم توی این
it means|past|and|present|and|future|all|with|together|simultaneously|existence|are|this|we|that|have|in|this
That means the past, present, and future all exist simultaneously; it is us who are moving through these.
زمانا جابجا میشیم، دقیقا مث همون حالتی که بین مکانای مختلف جابجا میشیم.
we change times|move|we are|exactly|like|the same|state|that|between|places|different|move|we are
It's exactly like the way we move between different locations.
ایدهی جالبیه اما یه سوالی که پیش میاره اینه که اگه آیندهی جهان
||interesting|but|a|question|that|forward|brings||that|if|||world
It's an interesting idea, but one question it raises is that if the future of the universe is already determined right now,
همین الان دقیقا تعیین شده، پس دیگه چیزی به نام اختیار دیگه معنی نداره دیگه؟
right now|now|exactly|determined|has been|so|no longer|anything|to|name|free will|no longer|meaning|has|
then the concept of free will doesn't mean anything anymore, does it?
یعنی همه چیز از قبل تعیین شده، من دیگه هیچ اختیاری از خودم ندارم،
it means|everything|thing|from|before|determined|been|I|no longer|any|choice|of|myself|have
It means everything is predetermined, I have no control over myself anymore,
همهچیز دقیقا همونجوری میشه که باید بشه.
||exactly|the same way|will be|that|should|happen
everything will happen exactly as it should.
یه موضوعی که خیلی ذهن دانشمندا رو مشغول کرده، پیدا کردن یه ارتباطی
a|topic|that|very|mind|scientists|(object marker)|occupied|has made|finding|to find|a|connection
One topic that has occupied the minds of scientists a lot is finding a connection
بین دو تا از بزرگترین نظریههای فیزیکه، یعنی نسبیت و کوانتوم.
between|two|from|of|greatest|||physics|meaning|relativity|and|quantum
between two of the greatest theories of physics, namely relativity and quantum.
نسبیت با اجسام خیلی بزرگ کار داره مث ستارهها و سیارات و گرانش بین اینا،
relativity|with|bodies|very|large|deals|has|like|||and|planets|and|gravity|between|these
Relativity deals with very large objects like stars and planets and the gravity between them,
اما کوانتوم با چیزای خیلی کوچیک سروکار داره مث اتما و ذرات زیراتمی.
but|quantum|with|things|very|small|deals|has|like|atoms|and|particles|subatomic
but quantum deals with very small things like atoms and subatomic particles.
بین این دو تا نظریه یه اختلافاتی وجود داره برای همین دانشمندا فکر میکنن اگه بتونن
between|this|two|until|theories|a|differences|exist|has|for|this|scientists|think|||if|they can
There are some differences between these two theories, which is why scientists think that if they can
یه چیز واحدی بدست بیارن که هم شامل نسبیت باشه هم شامل کوانتوم،
a|thing|unified|achieve|bring|that|both|includes|relativity|be|also|includes|quantum
come up with a single thing that includes both relativity and quantum,
احتمالا جواب خیلی از سوالای اساسیمونو میتونیم بگیریم.
probably|answer|many|of|questions|our fundamental|we can|get
We can probably get answers to many of our fundamental questions.
تو دههی 1960 دو تا دانشمند آمریکایی به نام جان ویلر (John Archibald Wheeler)
In|||two|(a particle indicating a pair)|scientists|American|by|the name|John|Wheeler|||
In the 1960s, two American scientists named John Archibald Wheeler
و برایس دویت (Bryce DeWitt) سعی کردن این کارو انجام بدن.
and|Bryce|DeWitt|||tried|to|this|work|to|do
and Bryce DeWitt tried to do this.
ویلر و دویت تونستن یه معادلهی پیچیده به دست بیارن که
Wheeler|and|Duet|were able to|a|||complex|to|obtain|bring|that
Wheeler and DeWitt were able to derive a complex equation that
یه ارتباطی بین جهان هستی و کوانتوم برقرار میکرد.
a|connection|between|universe|existence|and|quantum|established|was making
It established a connection between the universe and quantum.
اما این وسط یه اتفاق خیلی عجیبی افتاد. زمان از تو این معادله حذف شده بود!
but|this|in the middle|a|event|very|strange|happened|time|from|this||equation|removal|had been|was
But in the meantime, a very strange thing happened. Time had been removed from this equation!
یعنی بعد از اینکه سعی کردن یه ارتباطی بین نسبیت و
that means|after|from|that|effort|to make|a|connection|between|relativity|and
This means that after they tried to establish a connection between relativity and
کوانتوم بدست بیارن، دیگه عملا نیازی به زمان نبود.
quantum|obtained|brought|no longer|practically|need|to|time|was
quantum, there was practically no need for time anymore.
هرچند این معادله که معروف به معادلهی ویلر-دویت،
although|this|equation|that|known|as||||
Although this equation, known as the Wheeler-DeWitt equation,
مخالفم داره اما اگه واقعا درست باشه چی؟
I disagree|it has|but|if|really|true|is|what
I disagree with it, but what if it is really correct?
یعنی فرض کنید این نظریههای نسبیت و کوانتوم رو وقتی که تکتک
that is|assume|you do|these|||relativity|and|quantum|them|when|that||
I mean, suppose that when we discovered these theories of relativity and quantum,
کشف کردیم، زمان توشون دخیل بوده، بدون زمان بیمعنی بودن اما وقتی که
discovered|we|time|in them|involved|had been|without|time|||to be|but|when|that
time was involved in them, being meaningless without time, but when
یه نظریهی کاملتر کشف بکنیم که شامل هردوی اینا باشه و یه دید خیلی کاملتری از دنیا
a|||||discover|we do|that|includes|both||be|and|a|perspective|much|||of|world
Let's discover a more complete theory that includes both of these and gives us a much more comprehensive view of the world.
به ما بده، زمان از توش حذف میشه یعنی عملا چیزی به نام زمان توی دنیا وجود نداشته.
to|us|give|time|from|it|removed|becomes|meaning|practically|something|in|name|time|in|world|existence|wouldn't have
Time is removed from it, meaning that practically there is no such thing as time in the world.
فعلا که هیچکس جواب این سوالا رو نمیدونه،
for now|that|nobody|answer|this|questions|(object marker)|doesn't know
For now, no one knows the answers to these questions,
همچنان مجبوریم صبر کنیم ببینیم در آینده چی پیش میاد.
still|we have to|wait|we|we see|in|future|what|happens|comes
and we still have to wait and see what happens in the future.
حالا بریم یه نگاهی بندازیم به تناقضاتی که سفر تو زمان میتونه برامون پیش بیاره.
now|let's go|a|look|we take|at|contradictions|that|travel|in|time|can|for us|forward|bring
Now let's take a look at the contradictions that time travel can bring us.
یعنی اگه بخوایم به گذشته یا آینده سفر کنیم چه پارادوکسهایی پیش میاد.
so|if|we want|to|past|or|future|travel|we do|what|||arise|come
That is, if we want to travel to the past or the future, what paradoxes arise.
همین پارادوکسا از نظر منطقی میتونن سفر در زمانو منتفی کنن،
these|paradoxes|from|perspective|logical|can|travel|in|time|negated|make
These paradoxes can logically negate time travel,
هرچند برای بعضیاشونم یه جوابایی پیدا شده که البته بعضا خیلی هم دقیق نیستن.
although|for|some of them|some|answers|found|been|that|of course|sometimes|very|also|accurate|aren't
although some answers have been found for some of them, which are sometimes not very precise.
شمارهی یک: پارادوکس پدربزرگ:
||one|paradox|grandfather
Number one: The grandfather paradox:
پارادوکس پدربزرگ یکی از معروفترین پارادوکسایی
paradox|grandfather|one|of|||paradoxes
The grandfather paradox is one of the most famous paradoxes
که تو بحث سفر به گذشته وجود داره.
that|you|discussion|travel|to|past|existence|has
that exists in the discussion of time travel.
خلاصهش اینه که شما سفر کنید به گذشته، بعد یکی از عواملی
|||that|you|travel|do|to|past|then|one|of|
In summary, it is that you travel to the past, and then one of the factors
که باعث به وجود اومدن خود شما شده رو از بین ببرید.
that|causing|to|existence|coming|self|you|has been|the|from|among|remove
Eliminate the cause that created your own existence.
مثلا فرض کنید شما به گذشته سفر میکنید و پدربزرگتونو
for example|assume|you do|you|to|past|travel|||and|your grandfather
For example, imagine you travel to the past and kill your grandfather
قبل از اینکه ازدواج کنه و پدر شما رو به دنیا بیاره، میکشید!
before|||marriage|does|and|father|you|him|to|world|brings||
before he gets married and gives birth to your father!
اینجا یه تناقض پیش میاد. پدربزرگ شما مرده در نتیجه
here|a|contradiction|arises|comes|grandfather|your|is dead|in|result
Here a contradiction arises. Your grandfather is dead, therefore
پدر شما هم اصلا به دنیا نمیاد در نتیجه شما هم در آینده اصلا به دنیا نمیایید.
father|you|also|at all|to|world|is born|in|result|you|also|in|future|at all|to|world|are born
Your father will never be born, and as a result, you will never be born in the future.
پس کی پدربزرگ شما رو کشته؟
so|when|grandfather|you|your|killed
So when did your grandfather kill you?
یکی از جوابایی که به این پارادوکس میدن، جهانای موازیه.
one|of|answers|that|to|this|paradox|give|universes|parallel
One of the answers given to this paradox is parallel universes.
در مورد جهانای موازی یه ویدیوی کامل دارم که لینکشو
in|regarding|universes|parallel|a|video|complete|I have|that|its link
I have a complete video about parallel universes, and here is its link.
این بالا میذارم اگه علاقه داشتید میتونید ببینید.
this|up||if|interest|you have|you can|see
I'll put this up here, if you're interested you can take a look.
جوابی که به این پارادوکس میدن اینه که بعد از اینکه شما پدربزرگ خودتونو کشتید،
answer|that|to|this|paradox|they give||that|after|of|the fact that|you|grandfather|yourself|killed
The answer they give to this paradox is that after you kill your grandfather,
اگه به زمان خودتون برگردید میبینید که اصن شخصی با هویت شما وجود نداشته!
if|to|time|your|return|you will see|that|at all|person|with|identity|you|existence|didn't have
if you go back to your own time, you'll see that there was never a person with your identity!
شما با حذف پدربزرگتون، اون دنیایی که توش بودیدو کاملا تغییر دادید.
You|with|removal|your grandfather|that|world|that|in it|you were|completely|changed|gave
By eliminating your grandfather, you completely changed the world you were in.
در عوض یه دنیای دیگهای ایجاد شده که پدربزرگ و پدر شما اونجا وجود دارن و
in|exchange|a|world|||created|has been|that|grandfather|and|father|your|there|existence|have|and
Instead, another world has been created where your grandfather and father exist and
شما هم اونجا هستید. همون بحثی که تو ویدیوی جهانای موازی داشتیم.
you|also|there|are|the same|discussion|that|you|video|universes|parallel|had
you are there too. It's the same discussion we had in the video about parallel universes.
شمارهی دو: پارادوکس فرمی:
||two|paradox|Fermi
Number two: Fermi's paradox:
پارادوکس فرمی در اصل مربوط به یه موضوع دیگهس
paradox|Fermi|in|principle|related|to|a|topic||
Fermi's paradox is actually related to another topic.
اما خب تو بحث سفر در زمانم میتونیم ازش استفاده کنیم.
but|well|we|discussion|travel|in|time|||from it|use|we do
But we can use it in the discussion of time travel.
طبق این پارادوکس میتونیم بگیم اگه سفر به گذشته امکانپذیره،
according to|this|paradox|||say|if|travel|to|past||
According to this paradox, we can say that if time travel to the past is possible,
پس چرا همین الان تعداد زیادی مسافر از آینده نداریم؟
so|why|right|now|number|many|travelers|from|future|do not have
then why don't we have a lot of travelers from the future right now?
یه جوابی که میشه بهش داد اینه که خب من اگه
a|answer|that|can be|to him|given|||well|I|if
One answer that can be given is that well, if I
از آینده اومده باشم احتمالا نیازی نیست به همه بگم.
from|future|I came|I am|probably|need|is not|to|everyone|I tell
If I came from the future, I probably don't need to tell everyone.
شاید اون افرادی که از زمان آینده به زمان ما میان هویت خودشونو کاملا مخفی
maybe|those|people|who|from|time|future|to|time|our|come|identity|themselves|completely|hidden
Maybe those people who come from the future to our time keep their identity completely hidden.
نگه میدارن تا اون ماموریتی که براش اومدن لو نره.
keep||until|that|mission|that|for him|they came|revealed|doesn't leak
So that the mission they came for doesn't get revealed.
سال 2009 استفن هاوکینگ یه آزمایشی برای رد کردن سفر به گذشته انجام داد.
year|Stephen|Hawking|a|experiment|for|||travel|to|past|conducted|gave
In 2009, Stephen Hawking conducted an experiment to disprove time travel to the past.
یه مهمونی مخفی ترتیب داد اما تاریخ و ساعت شروع مهمونی رو به هیچکس نگفت.
a|party|secret|arranged|gave|but|date|and|time|start|party|it|to|no one|didn't tell
He arranged a secret party but didn't tell anyone the date and time of the party.
فقط روی یه دعوتنامه محل دقیق برگزاری مهمونی با ساعت و تاریخشو نوشت.
only|on|one|invitation|location|exact|holding|party|with|time|and|its date|wrote
He only wrote the exact location of the party along with the time and date on an invitation.
هدفش این بود که فقط افرادی که در آینده از موضوع این مهمونی
his goal|this|was|that|only|people|who|in|future|about|topic|this|party
His goal was to have only those who would learn about the subject of this party in the future,
با خبر میشن و توانایی سفر به گذشته هم دارن، بیان به مهمونی.
with|news|they become|and|ability|travel|to|past|also|they have|they come|to|party
and who also have the ability to travel to the past, attend the party.
اما وقتی ساعتش گذشت و هیچکس نیومد، استفن هاوکینگ
but|when|his time|passed|and|no one|came|Stephen|Hawking
But when the time passed and no one came, Stephen Hawking
نتیجه گرفت که هیچکس نتونسته از آینده به گذشته سفر کنه.
result|concluded|that|no one|has been able|from|future|to|past|travel|do
concluded that no one has been able to travel from the future to the past.
هرچند همونطور که گفتم به نظرم ممکنه که افرادی که از آینده میان،
although|the same way|as|I said|to|my opinion|it is possible|that|people|who|from|future|come
Although, as I said, I think it is possible that people who come from the future,
به هر دلیلی تمایلی برای نشون دادن خودشون نداشته باشن.
for|any|reason|tendency|to|||themselves|might not have|be
for whatever reason, may not want to show themselves.
یا شایدم سفر به گذشته واقعا غیرممکنه.
or|maybe|travel|to|past|really|impossible
Or maybe time travel to the past is really impossible.
شمارهی سه: پارادوکس علیت معکوس:
||three|paradox|causality|reverse
Number three: The paradox of reverse causality:
طبق قانون علیت، هر معلولی یه علتی داره.
according to|law|causality|every|effect|one|cause|has
According to the law of causality, every effect has a cause.
مثلا وقتی من دستامو به هم میزنم، صدا تولید میشه.
for example|when|I|my hands|to|each other|clap|sound|produced|
For example, when I clap my hands, a sound is produced.
این صدا معلوله، دست زدنم علته.
this|sound|is caused|hand|my clapping|is the reason
This sound is the effect, my clapping is the cause.
تو حالت عادی همیشه اول علت میاد بعد معلول.
you|state|normal|always|first|cause|comes|after|effect
In a normal state, the cause always comes before the effect.
حالا فرض کنید من به گذشته سفر میکنم به زمانی که هنوز به دنیا نیومدم،
now|assume|you (plural)|I|to|past|||to|time|that|yet|to|world|I was born
Now imagine I travel to the past, to a time before I was born,
بعد یه کاری توی گذشته انجام میدم، یه تاثیری میذارم، مثلا یه
after|a|task|in|past|I do|I will give|a|influence|I will leave|for example|a
then I do something in the past, I make an impact, for example, a
ساختمون تاریخی رو خراب میکنم. اینجا من علتم، خراب شدن ساختمون معلوله.
building|historical|(object marker)|destroy|I do|here|I|my reason|destruction|to be|building|caused by
I will destroy the historical building. Here, I am the cause; the building's destruction is the effect.
من از آینده اومدم یه ساختمون توی گذشته رو خراب کردم،
I|from|future|came|a|building|in|past|it|destroyed|I did
I came from the future and destroyed a building in the past,
یعنی برخلاف قانون علیت که همیشه علت قبل از معلول میاد،
that means|contrary to|law|causality|which|always|cause|before|from|effect|comes
which means that contrary to the law of causality, where the cause always comes before the effect,
اینجا علت بعد از معلول اومده، علیت برعکس شده.
here|cause|after||effect|has come|causality|reversed|has become
here the cause comes after the effect; causality has been reversed.
ساختمون توسط چیزی خراب شده که توی اون زمان
building|by|something|damaged|was|that|in|that|time
The building was destroyed by something that didn't exist at that time.
هنوز وجود نداشته. این یه تناقضه.
yet|existence|has not had|this|a|contradiction
This is a contradiction.
پارادوکسای دیگهای هم هستن برای بحث سفر در زمان
paradoxes|||also|exist|for|discussion|travel|in|time
There are other paradoxes as well regarding time travel.
که دیگه برای طولانی نشدن ویدیو دربارهشون صحبت نمیکنم.
that|anymore|for|long|not to be|video|||talk||
I won't talk about them to avoid making the video too long.
برای بعضیاشون جوابایی وجود داره ولی بعضیاشون همچنان بدون جواب موندن.
for|some of them|answers|exist|there are|but|some of them||without|answer|remained
For some of them, there are answers, but some still remain unanswered.
بحث زمان و سفر در زمان واقعا اینقد وسیع و پیچیدهس
discussion|time|and|travel|in|time|really|this much|vast|and||
The discussion of time and time travel is really that vast and complex.
که توی یه ویدیو نمیشه از همه چیزش حرف زد.
that|in|a|video|it is not possible|about|everything|its|talk|said
That you can't cover everything in a single video.
حتی بین دانشمندا هم اینقد نظرات مختلفی راجع به
even|among|scientists|also|this many|opinions|different||to
Even among scientists, there are so many different opinions about it.
زمان هست که آدم بیشتر سردرگم میشه.
time|is|that|person|more|confused|becomes
There are times when a person becomes more confused.
یه دانشمند میاد یه کتاب مینویسه به نام پایان زمان،
a|scientist|comes|a|book|writes|with|the name|end|time
A scientist comes and writes a book called The End of Time,
یکی دیگه میاد یه کتاب مینویسه به نام تولد دوبارهی زمان.
one|other|comes|a|book|writes|by|the name|birth|||time
another one comes and writes a book called The Rebirth of Time.
اصلا نمیدونیم واقعا مفهوم زمان یه چیز واقعیه یا اینکه فقط ساختهی ذهن خودمونه.
at all|we don't know|really|concept|time|a|thing|reality|or|that|only|||mind|ourselves
We really don't know if the concept of time is something real or just a construct of our own minds.
نظر شما راجب زمان چیه؟
opinion|you|about|time|what is
What is your opinion about time?
حتما تو کامنتا برام بنویسید که چه فکری دربارهی زمان دارید.
definitely|you|comments|for me|write|that|what|thought|||time|you have
Make sure to write in the comments what you think about time.
اگه این ویدیو رو دوس داشتی لایک یادت نره،
if|this|video|it|like|you had|like|your memory|doesn't forget
If you liked this video, don't forget to like it,
در آخرم مث همیشه بدون ترس سوال بپرس و دنبال جواب باش!
at|the end|like|always|without|fear|question|ask|and|seeking|answer|be
and as always, feel free to ask questions and seek answers!
SENT_CWT:AFkKFwvL=8.68 PAR_TRANS:gpt-4o-mini=2.53
en:AFkKFwvL
openai.2025-02-07
ai_request(all=145 err=0.00%) translation(all=116 err=0.00%) cwt(all=1310 err=9.24%)