慢速 粤语 聽力 ：“靠 实力 说话 ”也 有 错 ？ slow|Cantonese|listening|rely|strength|speaking|also|have|wrong Slow Cantonese Listening: Is "Speaking with Strength" also wrong?

喺 欧美 社会 ， 好多 人 觉得 不 平等 问题 嘅 根源 ， 系成个 社会 机制 嘅 透明性 同 流动性 仲 唔 够 ， 有 好多 人 就算 有 天赋 又 努力 ， 但仲系会 有 天花板 嘅 问题 。 In Western societies, many people believe that the root of inequality issues lies in the lack of transparency and mobility within the entire social mechanism. Many people, even if they are talented and work hard, still face the problem of a glass ceiling. 因为 欧美 社会 嘅 上层 结构 紧紧 掌握 喺 一 啲 权势 阶层 同 精英 阶层 手 里面 。 because|Europe and America|society|possessive particle|upper|structure|tightly|controlled|at|one|some|power|class|and|elite|class|hands|inside This is because the upper structure of Western societies is tightly controlled by certain power and elite classes.

一般 人 认为 不 平等 问题 嘅 核心 系 一个 人 嘅 背景 同钱 可以 提供 不 平等 嘅 优势 ， 而 要 解决 呢 个 问题 ， 就要 创造 一个 靠 个人 实力 讲话 嘅 环境 。 Generally, people believe that the core of inequality issues is that a person's background and money can provide unequal advantages. To solve this problem, an environment where individuals can speak based on their own strength must be created.

但系 耶鲁 法学院 嘅 马科 维茨 教授 认为 “靠 实力 讲话 ”会 令 不平等 嘅 问题 更加 严重 。 but|Yale|Law School|possessive particle|Mark|Weis|professor|believes|relying on|strength|speaking|will|make|inequality|possessive particle|problem|even more|serious However, Professor Markowitz from Yale Law School believes that "Speaking with Strength" will make the inequality problem even more serious.

凡事 靠 实力 ，唔 靠 关系 ，好似 系 一个 好 公平 嘅 机制 。 everything|relies on|ability|not|relies on|connections|seems like|is|a|very|fair|possessive particle|system Everything relies on strength, not on connections, like a fair mechanism. 但系 呢 种 机制 创造 咗 咁 样 一种 竞争 ：就算 每个 人 都 按照 规则 竞争 ，最后 都 系 有钱人 赢 。 but|this|type|mechanism|creates|past tense marker|so|like|one kind of|competition|even if|every|person|all|according to|rules|compete|in the end|all|are|rich people|win But this kind of mechanism creates a competition: even if everyone competes according to the rules, in the end, it is still the rich who win.

例如 喺 美国 嘅 常青藤 大学 ，佢 哋 开始 嗰 时 ，只系 录取 一 啲 有 地位 嘅 人 嘅 仔女 或者 一 啲 校友 嘅 仔女 。 for example|in|the United States|possessive particle|Ivy League|university|they|plural marker|started|that|time|only|admitted|one|plural marker|have|status|possessive particle|people|possessive particle|daughters|or|one|plural marker|alumni|possessive particle|daughters For example, at the Ivy League universities in the United States, when they started, they only admitted the daughters of people with status or the daughters of alumni. 呢 个 机制 肯定 唔 系 一个 平等 嘅 机制 。 this|measure word|mechanism|definitely|not|is|a|equal|possessive particle|mechanism This mechanism is definitely not an equal mechanism.

喺 六十年代 嗰 时 ，佢 哋 开始 按照 学生 嘅 能力 嚟 录取 。 in|the 1960s|that|time|they|plural marker|started|according to|student|possessive particle|ability|to|admit In the 1960s, they began to admit students based on their abilities. 呢 个 制度 似乎 可以 促进 教育 嘅 公平 。 this|measure word|system|seems|can|promote|education|possessive particle|fairness This system seems to promote fairness in education.

呢 个 制度 发展 咗 六十年 ，大学 嘅 不平等 问题 并 冇 得到 解决 ，反而 更加 严重 。 this|measure word|system|has developed|past tense marker|sixty years|university|possessive particle|inequality|problem|and|not|received|solution|on the contrary|even more|serious This system has developed for sixty years, and the issue of inequality in universities has not been resolved; in fact, it has become more serious.

有 数据 显示 ， 年收入 超过 二十 万美金 嘅 美国 家庭 ， 佢 哋 嘅 仔 女 嘅 高考 成绩 ， 比 年收入 四万 到 五 万美金 家庭 嘅 仔 女 ， 高 百分之十 。 Data shows that American families with an annual income of over $200,000 have daughters whose college entrance exam scores are ten percentage points higher than those from families with an annual income of $40,000 to $50,000.

原因 你 应该 都 估 得到 ，就系 有钱人 可以 帮 自己 嘅 仔女 投入 更加 多 嘅 资源 。 reason|you|should|also|estimate|get|it's just that|rich people|can|help|themselves|possessive particle|children|invest|even more|more|possessive particle|resources You can probably guess the reason: wealthy people can invest more resources for their daughters.

好似 ， 有钱人 嘅 家庭 可以 请 一个 好 贵 嘅 家教 帮 佢 嘅 仔 女 准备 高考 。 For example, wealthy families can hire an expensive tutor to help their daughters prepare for the college entrance exam.

虽然 喺 呢 个 制度 入面 ，赢 嘅 喺 有钱人 ，但系 其实 佢 哋 嘅 生活 压力 都 好 大 。 although|at|this|measure word|system|inside|win|possessive particle|at|rich people|but|actually|they|plural marker|possessive particle|life|pressure|also|very|big Although in this system, the winners are the wealthy, their life pressure is actually very high.

因为 按照 游戏规则 ，如果 你 想 做 最 犀利 嘅 嗰 啲 人 ，咁 你 就 要 付出 超乎寻常 嘅 努力 ，而且 呢 种 压力 会 从 学校 一直 延伸 到 职场 。 because|according to|game rules|if|you|want|to be|most|sharp|possessive particle|those|plural particle|people|then|you|then|have to|put in|extraordinary|possessive particle|effort|and|this|kind|pressure|will|from|school|continuously|extend|to|workplace Because according to the rules of the game, if you want to be among the most outstanding people, you have to put in extraordinary effort, and this pressure extends from school all the way to the workplace.

有 调查 表明 ，喺 美国 精英 学校 嘅 学生 ，有 焦虑症 同 抑郁症 嘅 概率 ，系 同龄人 嘅 三倍 。 there is|survey|indicates|in|America|elite|schools|possessive particle|students|have|anxiety disorder|and|depression|possessive particle|probability|is|peers|possessive particle|three times Surveys indicate that students in elite schools in the United States are three times more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression compared to their peers. 最 夸张 嘅 调查 系 ， 系 硅谷 嘅 高中 ， 超过 一半 嘅 学生 都 有 轻微 嘅 抑郁症 ， 超过 百分之八十 嘅 学生 都 有 焦虑 嘅 症状 。 The most exaggerated survey shows that in Silicon Valley high schools, more than half of the students have mild depression, and over eighty percent of the students exhibit symptoms of anxiety.

而 喺 职场 ，呢 种 压力 就 会 带 嚟 超时 工作 ，即系 加班 。 and|in|workplace|this|kind|pressure|then|will|bring|about|overtime|work|that is|working extra hours In the workplace, this kind of pressure leads to overtime work, that is, working extra hours.

例如 喺 美国 嘅 法律界 。 for example|in|the United States|possessive particle|legal field For example, in the legal field in the United States. 喺 六十年代 ，每个 律师 一年 嘅 工作 时长 系 大概 一千三百个 钟 ，而 到 咗 两千年 ，如果 你 想 成为 一个 律师 事务所 嘅 合伙人 ，你 就 要 每年 投入 两千四百 个 钟 。 in|the 1960s|every|lawyer|year|possessive particle|work|working hours|is|approximately|1300|hours|and|by|past tense marker|the year 2000|if|you|want|to become|a|lawyer|law firm|possessive particle|partner|you|then|must|every year|invest|2400|measure word|hours In the 1960s, the average working hours for a lawyer was about 1,300 hours a year, but by the year 2000, if you wanted to become a partner in a law firm, you had to invest 2,400 hours each year. 两千四百 个 钟 ，即系 从 朝 早 九点 做到 夜晚 九点 ，一个 星期 上 六日 班 。 2400|measure word|hours|that is|from|||9 o'clock|work until|evening|9 o'clock|one|week|work|six days|shifts 2,400 hours means working from 9 AM to 9 PM, six days a week.

咁 有 冇 方法 可以 解决 “靠 实力 讲话 ”呢 个 制度 带 嚟 嘅 问题 呢 ？ then|have|not have|method|can|solve|rely on|strength|speaking|this|measure word|system|bring|come|possessive particle|problem|question particle So, is there a way to solve the problems brought by the system of 'speaking with strength'?

耶鲁大学 嘅 教授 提出 咗 两条 建议 。 Yale University|possessive particle|professor|proposed|past tense marker|two|suggestions A professor from Yale University proposed two suggestions.

第一 、要 开放 教育 嘅 机会 ，令 更加 多人 接受 “还唔错 ”嘅 教育 ，而 唔系 过度 强调 “顶尖 教育 ”。 first|to|open|education|possessive particle|opportunity|to make|even more|more people|accept|not bad|possessive particle|education|and|not|overly|emphasize|elite|education First, we need to open up educational opportunities, allowing more people to receive a 'not bad' education, rather than overly emphasizing 'top-tier education'. 咁 样 嘅 话 ，你 可 唔 可以 爬 到 一条 梯 嘅 顶端 就 唔 再 系 咁 重要 嘅 事 。 like this|appearance|possessive particle|speaking|you|can|not|can|climb|to|a|ladder|possessive particle|top|then|not|again|is|so|important|possessive particle|matter In this way, whether you can climb to the top of a ladder is no longer such an important matter. 所以 为 学生 同 家长 减少 咗 升学 嘅 压力 。 so|for|students|and|parents|reduce|past tense marker|further education|possessive particle|pressure Therefore, it reduces the pressure on students and parents regarding further education.

第二 、多啲 鼓励 嗰 啲 唔 需要 特别 复杂 嘅 培训 或者 好 高 学位证书 就 可以 做 嘅 工作 。 second|more|encouragement|those|plural marker|not|need|especially|complex|possessive particle|training|or|very|high|degree certificate|then|can|do|possessive particle|job Second, we should encourage more jobs that do not require particularly complex training or high-level degrees.

好似 系 健康 领域 ，有 好多 公司 同 医疗机构 ，都 投入 大量 嘅 精力 研发 高科技 嘅 治疗 方式 ，要求 从业人员 要 有 顶尖 嘅 教育 背景 。 seems|in|health|field|have|many|companies|and|medical institutions|all|invest|large amounts of|possessive particle|energy|research and development|high-tech|possessive particle|treatment|methods|require|practitioners|must|have|top|possessive particle|education|background For example, in the health sector, many companies and medical institutions invest a lot of effort in developing high-tech treatment methods, requiring practitioners to have top-tier educational backgrounds.

但系 教授 认为 ，我哋 应该 做 嘅 ，系 扩大 预防性 嘅 工作 ，提升 公共 健康 嘅 教育 。 but|professor|believes|we|should|do|possessive particle|is|expand|preventive|possessive particle|work|improve|public|health|possessive particle|education But the professor believes that what we should do is to expand preventive work and enhance public health education.

呢 类 工作 有 护士 嘅 教育 背景 就 得 啦 。 this|type|job|has|nurse|possessive particle|education|background|then|fine|sentence-final particle This type of work only requires a nursing education background.

总结 一下 今日 讲 嘅 嘢 ，耶鲁大学 嘅 马科维茨 教授 认为 ，喺 美国 靠 实力 讲话 嘅 文化 ，本来 系 一个 解决 社会 不平等 嘅 方案 ，但 系 喺 一 啲 方面 ，佢 反而 固化 咗 美国 嘅 社会阶层 。 summarize|a bit|today|talk|possessive particle|things|Yale University|possessive particle|Markowitz|professor|believes|in|America|relying on|strength|speaking|possessive particle|culture|originally|is|a|solving|social|inequality|possessive particle|solution|but|is|in|one|some|aspects|it|instead|solidified|past tense marker|American|possessive particle|social class To summarize what was discussed today, Professor Markowitz from Yale University believes that in the culture of speaking with power in the United States, it was originally a solution to social inequality, but in some aspects, it has instead solidified the social classes in America.

在 微信 搜索 我 要学 广东话 ，就 可以 找到 我 的 微信 公众 号 了 ，最新 的 音频 会 先 在 微信 更新 哦 。 at|WeChat|search|I|want to learn|Cantonese|then|can|find|my|possessive particle|WeChat|public|account|past action particle|latest|possessive particle|audio|will|first|on|WeChat|update|sentence-final particle You can find my WeChat public account by searching for 'I want to learn Cantonese' on WeChat, and the latest audio will be updated on WeChat first.