×

Мы используем cookie-файлы, чтобы сделать работу LingQ лучше. Находясь на нашем сайте, вы соглашаетесь на наши правила обработки файлов «cookie».

image

The Infographics Show, The Demonic Possession Of The Nuns Of Loudun

The Demonic Possession Of The Nuns Of Loudun

Loudun, France 1632.

It's late at night when suddenly, Jeanne awoke from a deep sleep to find a man standing

over her mat.

The mysterious stranger wept, begging her to pray with him.

Fumbling in terror, she excused herself and fled, fetching another nun who saw nothing….but

for the rest of the night both of them were disturbed by mysterious whispers.

Over the next several days, Jeanne began seeing the phantasm during the daytime.

Sometimes he begged her to pray.

Sometimes he whispered lascivious things to her.

Jeanne's skin crawled, it felt like her very bones itched.

Soon many of the nuns in the Ursuline convent of Loudun began experiencing similar symptoms.

Blood raced through their veins, their hearts pounded.

They hallucinated.

Voices urged them to do wicked things.

No matter how much penance and self flagellation the nuns performed, the symptoms persisted.

Their confessor thought they were possessed by demons.

He began holding exorcisms; sprinkling the nuns with holy water and praying over them.

The nuns cried out and mewled like cats.

They writhed and contorted their bodies into sexual positions.

By the authority of God, the priest demanded to know who had cursed the brides of Christ.

The eyes of one of the nuns rolled back into her head and a deep voice emanated from her

mouth.

“Urban Grandier,” answered the demon.

Father Urban Grandier--the clergy had been betrayed by one of their own.

In 1617, Urbain Grandier was appointed the parish priest of the Church of Saint-Pierre-du-Marche

in the small town of Loudun.

He made a stir when he arrived at his post.

He was good looking, wealthy and well educated.

Over the next few years Grandier garnered quite a reputation.

Despite the fact that priests were supposed to be celibate, he had secret affairs with

several women of the town.

Quick witted and clever, Grandier was good at criticizing townspeople who disagreed with

him.

Some felt he was sympathetic to Huguenots, Protestant Christians who believed that simple

devout faith was preferable in religious life than the lavish ceremonies of the Roman Catholics.

There had been an ongoing power struggle between the religious sects for some time and Grandier

found himself in the middle of it.

His sexual escapades and his political beliefs made him a lot of enemies and only added fuel

to the fire.

Meanwhile, in 1626 near Loudun, the Ursuline convent was established.

The convent quickly became a popular place to send noble daughters who couldn't be

married off due to lack of money for a dowry or other reasons.

One of the few joys of the austere lives of the Ursuline nuns was gossiping about townspeople,

the most popular topic being Father Grandier.

After the first prioress passed away, in 1627, a new superior was appointed: Jeanne des Anges.

She had been sent to the convent because her hunchback and unattractive appearance made

her marriage prospects poor.

Ambitious Jeanne manipulated and lied her way into being appointed mother superior.

Though the women ran the nunnery themselves, they still confessed to a male priest.

Jeanne was apparently obsessed with Grandier and asked him to be the convent's chaplain.

He declined the honor.

In other accounts, Grandier wanted the position, but due to his behavior he wasn't considered

a suitable confessor for pure, young Brides of Christ.

Either way, Father Mignon who had a sterling reputation was selected to be the confessor

for the nuns of Ursuline.

In 1630, some of Grandier's critics managed to bring charges against him for immorality.

An enemy, the bishop of Poitiers found him guilty.

However, due to his connections to high political figures, Grandier was restored to full clerical

duties within the year.

Not long afterwards, the Loudun region was struck by a typhus plague.

The covent and other areas self segregated to limit exposure to sickness.

While the plague mainly subsided after about 6 months, anxiety, paranoia and other mental

health issues were rampant among the citizens.

By this time Jeanne had been prioress for about 5 years.

She was in charge of 17 nuns with an average age of 25.

For a long time, Jeanne had stewed over the fact that Father Grandier wasn't the confessor

for the nunnery.

She worked herself into hallucinations or lied and claimed she was experiencing hallucinations.

Real or not, she confessed to Father Mignon about visions of Grandier tormenting her.

Father Mignon and his assistant Father Barre were not fans of Grandier; they promptly turned

this odd situation to their advantage.

Later some of the nuns were to claim that Father Mignon harassed and tricked them into

being possessed.

It's possible that the Bishop of Poitiers conspired with Father Mignon to get the nuns

to claim that Father Grandier had bewitched them.

The truth is lost to history.

Symptoms spread throughout the nuns and soon most of the nunnery was afflicted with possession.

The nuns experienced everything from fits, to beatings from invisible spectres and hives.

Curiously some of the nuns seemed to suddenly speak foreign languages or displayed superhuman

strength, and a host of other crazy symptoms.

Father Mignon began holding exorcisms at the convent.

When prayed over or sprinkled with holy water, the nuns reacted, twisting their bodies into

odd shapes, uttering blasphemies in deep voices and crudely propositioning the priests in

graphic sexual terms.

When questioned, some of the nuns named the demons who had taken over their bodies.

Others, especially Jeanne claimed that Grandier had seduced them and that he was a magician

practicing the dark arts.

At first, Grandier was incredulous and laughed off the nuns' claims.

It was a foolish misculation.

The Witchcraft Act of 1604 called for the death penalty upon conviction of sorcery,

Witchcraft, and diabolical Pact.

As the accusations of witchcraft persisted, Grandier began to take the issue seriously

and mount a defense.

He wrote the Archbishop of Bordeaux, who ended up sending his personal physician to examine

the nuns.

The doctor found no evidence of true possession.

In March of 1633, the Archbishop ordered the exorcisms ceased and the convent sequestered.

The issue died down for several months, but later in the year the hysteria returned.

Cardinal Richelieu, who held power both in the Catholic church and as King Louis XIII's

chief minister got involved on behalf of the government.

Previously Richelieu and Grandier had clashed over Huguenots issues.

In November 1633, Richelieu appointed a political crony of his, Jean De Laubardemont, as leader

of a commission to investigate if Grandier was a witch.

As a precaution Grandier was arrested and imprisoned in the Castle of Algiers so he

couldn't flee the area.

The priests resumed exorcisms, but with a twist--instead of being held at the convent,

the exorcisms began being held publically.

In addition to Father Mignon and Father Barres, two other priests who specialized in exorcism-

Father Tranquille, and Father Lactance- joined the proceedings.

Up to 7,000 spectators came to see the possessed nuns.

Seeing the sexual acting out of the nuns turned public opinion against Grandier.

Also, many of the townspeople converted from Protestant to Catholicism as a result of the

public exorcisms.

Meanwhile, the commission questioned Grandier, adding further accusations.

They forced him to sign statements and denials which were then taken by Laubardemont to the

royal court in Paris.

The commission also intercepted letters and petitions from Grandier's supporters.

In May of 1634, Laubardemont returned to Loudun with a Decree of the Council, extending his

powers and prohibiting Parlement and all other judges from interfering in the matter, as

well as forbidding all parties concerned from appealing under penalty of a fine.

In fact, several Grandier supporters chose to flee France because of fear of the authorities

denouncing them as accessory witches.

During the trial an alleged pact made between Grandier and the Devil was brought to light.

The pact which confirmed Grandier's wicked duplicity was said to be stolen from Lucifer's

cabinet of devilish agreements by one of the tormenting demons.

The agreement allegedly written backward by Grandier in Latin and signed in Blood, outlined

Grandier's duties to the Devil and the benefits he would receive in turn.

Cosigners were Satan, Beelzebub, Lucifer, ELIMI, Leviathan, and Astaroth, and it was

notarized by “signature and mark of the chief devil, and my lords the princes of hell.”

Some nuns including Jeanne des Anges began recanting their testimonies of possession,

proclaiming Grandier's innocence.

She even appeared in court with a noose around her neck, threatening to hang herself if they

didn't let her recant her prior lies.

Ultimately, 72 witnesses swore evidence against Grandier.

Forgoing normal court procedures, the Royal Commission quickly passed a sentence on August

18, 1634.

Urbain Grandier was found guilty of sorcery and placing evil spells to cause the possession

of the Ursuline nuns.

His punishment was to be burned alive at the stake.

However, before his execution Grandier was subjected to various tortures including the

boot in order to force him to name his accomplices.

Though they broke both his legs, Grandier refused to provide names.

He apologized for his previous lascivious ways, but steadfastly maintained his innocence

of witchcraft and any contracts with the devil.

Often the condemned were allowed to make a last statement to the crowd and were compassionately

strangled before burning at the stake.

However, Grandier was not allowed this small mercy.

Once he was on the scaffold the friars deluged him with holy water, preventing him from speaking.

Also Father Lactance lit the funeral pyre before the executioner could strangle Grandier,

causing him to be burned alive.

But Grandier had the last word.

As he struggled against the flames, Grandier reportedly told Father Lactance that he would

see God in 30 days.

Grandier was correct; Father Lactance died within a month.

In fact Grandier's death seemed to unleash a curse upon several people involved with

the trial.Within five years, Father Tranquille, one of the trial judges, Louis Chauvet and

Dr. Mannoury, a fraudulent physician, fell into delirium and died insane.

Father Barre eventually ended up being banished from the church for conspiring to accuse a

priest of rape on the altar.

Not long after Grandier's death, Father Jean-Joseph Surin came to Loudon to perform

exorcisms.

Jeanne de Anges had flip flopped back and forth between being possessed and claiming

that she lied.

Father Surin attempted an exorcism for her and allegedly became possessed by Jeanne's

devils.

Haunted, he went into a slow decline, eventually becoming unable to eat, dress himself, walk,

read, or write.

He tried to commit suicide, but was taken in by the Jesuit College at Saintes, and was

slowly nursed back to health.

However, Jeanne des Anges recovered from her malady.

She ended up travelling France displaying the curious physical sign from God that was

proof of her exorcism and supernatural healing: the names of Jesus, Mary, Joseph, and François

de Sales miraculously and indelibly etched on her left hand.

The exorcisms continued until 1637, 3 years after Grandier's death.

They had become quite the tourist attraction, twice a day except Sundays, the afflicted

nuns were exorcised for the titillation of the crowds.

Finally Cardinal Richeliu cut off financial support and the shows ended.

Now, check out this video on an ancient torture method, the Roman Candle.:

The Enfield Poltergeist caused panic and fear in a small town in England.

But what was really going on?:

Learn languages from TV shows, movies, news, articles and more! Try LingQ for FREE

The Demonic Possession Of The Nuns Of Loudun |||||||Loudun the|Demonic||||||Loudun Die dämonische Besessenheit der Nonnen von Loudun Η δαιμονική κατοχή των μοναχών του Loudun La posesión demoníaca de las monjas de Loudun La possession démoniaque des moniales de Loudun La possessione demoniaca delle suore di Loudun ルーダン修道女の悪魔憑き 루둔의 수녀들의 악마 빙의 Loudun vienuolių demoniškas apsėdimas De demonische bezetenheid van de nonnen van Loudun Demoniczne opętanie zakonnic z Loudun A possessão demoníaca das freiras de Loudun Демоническая одержимость монахинь из Лаудуна Loudun Rahibelerinin Şeytani Ele Geçirilişi Sự chiếm hữu ma quỷ của các nữ tu của Loudun 卢登修女的恶魔附体 勞登修女的惡魔附身

Loudun, France 1632. Loudun| ルドン|

It's late at night when suddenly, Jeanne awoke from a deep sleep to find a man standing ||||||Jeanne|s'est réveillée||||||||| ||||||Jeanne|||||||||| |遅い||||突然|ジャンヌ|目を覚ました||||眠り|||||立っている

over her mat. ||tapis ||floor covering ||マット

The mysterious stranger wept, begging her to pray with him. |||a pleuré|suppliant||||| |||cried|imploring||||| |謎めいた|男 (おとこ)||頼んで|||祈る||

Fumbling in terror, she excused herself and fled, fetching another nun who saw nothing….but tremblant||||s'excusa|||s'est enfuie|cherchant|||||| tastend|||||||||||||| Fumbling||fear||apologized|||ran away|bringing||female religious member|||| 恐怖で手をもたつかせながら||恐怖||自分を許した|彼女||逃げた|呼んで||修道女||見た|| Aterrorizada, desculpou-se e fugiu, indo buscar outra freira que não viu nada....mas

for the rest of the night both of them were disturbed by mysterious whispers. ||||||||||perturbés|||murmures |||||||||||||whispers ||||||||||悩まされた|||ささやき

Over the next several days, Jeanne began seeing the phantasm during the daytime. ||||||||||||journee |||||||||illusion||| |||数日|日々||はじめた|見る||幻影|||昼間

Sometimes he begged her to pray. ||suppliait||| |||||seek divine help ||頼んだ||| Por vezes, pedia-lhe que rezasse.

Sometimes he whispered lascivious things to her. ||chuchait|lascives||| |||lewd||| ||ささやいた|淫らな||| Por vezes, sussurrava-lhe coisas lascivas.

Jeanne's skin crawled, it felt like her very bones itched. à Jeanne||a rampé|||||||démangeaient Jeanne's||felt uneasy|||||||itched ジャンヌの|肌|むずむずした||感じた||||骨|かゆかった A pele de Joana arrepiava-se, parecia que os seus ossos tinham comichão. По коже Жанны поползли мурашки, казалось, что зудят самые кости.

Soon many of the nuns in the Ursuline convent of Loudun began experiencing similar symptoms. |||||||Ursuline|couvent|||||| soon|||||||Ursuline convent||||||| ||||修道女||||修道院||ルドン||経験する|似たような|症状

Blood raced through their veins, their hearts pounded. |circulait||||||battaient |rushed quickly||||||beat forcefully |流れた|||静脈||心臓|打った

They hallucinated. |experienced hallucinations |幻覚を見た Eles alucinaram.

Voices urged them to do wicked things. |ont poussé||||mauvais| |encouraged||||evil or immoral| 声が|促した||||悪い| As vozes incitavam-nos a fazer coisas más.

No matter how much penance and self flagellation the nuns performed, the symptoms persisted. ||||pénitence||||||||| ||||Buße|||Selbstgeißelung|||||| ||||penance|||self-punishment||||||continued to exist ||||懺悔|||鞭打ち|||行った|||続いた Por mais penitências e autoflagelações que as freiras fizessem, os sintomas persistiam.

Their confessor thought they were possessed by demons. |spiritual advisor||||||evil spirits |告解者||||憑かれている||悪魔 O seu confessor pensou que estavam possuídos por demónios.

He began holding exorcisms; sprinkling the nuns with holy water and praying over them. ||||en aspergeant||||||||| |||rituals of exorcism|sprinkling||||||||| ||行う|悪霊払い|振りかける||修道女たち||聖なる|||祈る|| Começou a fazer exorcismos, a aspergir as freiras com água benta e a rezar sobre elas.

The nuns cried out and mewled like cats. ||ont crié|||miaulaient|| |religious women||||whimpered or cried|| |||||wimmerten|| |修道女たち|叫んだ|||鳴いた||猫

They writhed and contorted their bodies into sexual positions. |se tordaient||contorsionnaient||||| |wanden||verkrampft||||| |twisted and squirmed||twisted||||| |悶えた||ねじれた||体||性的な|体位 Contorciam-se e contorciam os seus corpos em posições sexuais.

By the authority of God, the priest demanded to know who had cursed the brides of Christ. |||||||a demandé|||||maudit||épouses|| ||||||||||||placed a curse on||brides|| ||神の権威||||神の権威によって、神父はキリストの花嫁たちを呪ったのが誰かを知り|要求した|||||呪った||花嫁||キリスト Com a autoridade de Deus, o padre exigiu saber quem tinha amaldiçoado as noivas de Cristo.

The eyes of one of the nuns rolled back into her head and a deep voice emanated from her ||||||||||||||||ausströmte|| ||||||||||||||||issued|| |目|||||修道女|||||頭|||||発せられた|| Os olhos de uma das freiras voltaram a fechar-se na sua cabeça e uma voz profunda emanou dela

mouth.

“Urban Grandier,” answered the demon. Urban||répondit|| |Urban Grandier|||demon "Urban Grandier", respondeu o demónio.

Father Urban Grandier--the clergy had been betrayed by one of their own. |||||||trahi||||| ||||Klerus|||||||| ||||religious leaders|||deceived or exposed||||| ||グランディエ|||||裏切られた||||| O Padre Urban Grandier... O clero foi traído por um dos seus. Отец Урбан Грандье - духовенство было предано одним из своих.

In 1617, Urbain Grandier was appointed the parish priest of the Church of Saint-Pierre-du-Marche |Urbain|||nommé||paroisse||||||Saint|Pierre|du|Marche |Urbain Grandier|||designated as||local church community|||||||||of the market ||||ernannt||Pfarr||||||Heiliger|||Mark |ウルバン|グランディエ||任命された||教区||||教会||サン|||

in the small town of Loudun. |||||ルドン

He made a stir when he arrived at his post. |||toute une agitation|||||| |||Aufsehen|||||| |||caused a commotion|||||| |||騒ぎ|||着いた|||職務 Fez furor quando chegou ao seu posto. Прибыв на место, он произвел фурор.

He was good looking, wealthy and well educated. ||||riche||| |||見た目が良い|裕福な|||教育を受けた Era bem-parecido, rico e bem-educado.

Over the next few years Grandier garnered quite a reputation. ||||||a obtenu||| ||||||erwarb||| ||||||gained||| |||数年||グランディエ|得た|||評判 Nos anos que se seguiram, Grandier ganhou uma grande reputação.

Despite the fact that priests were supposed to be celibate, he had secret affairs with malgré|||||||||||||liaisons| |||||||||abstaining from sex||||relationships| にもかかわらず||事実||僧侶||はず|||独身||||不倫| Apesar do facto de os padres deverem ser celibatários, teve casos secretos com

several women of the town. |町の数人の女性||| várias mulheres da cidade.

Quick witted and clever, Grandier was good at criticizing townspeople who disagreed with |d'esprit|||||||critiquer|les habitants||étaient en désaccord| |mentally sharp||||||||||| 頭の回転が速い|頭の良い||賢い|グランディエ||||批判する|町の人々||反対した| De raciocínio rápido e inteligente, Grandier era bom a criticar os habitantes da cidade que discordavam de

him.

Some felt he was sympathetic to Huguenots, Protestant Christians who believed that simple ||||sympathique||les Huguenots|protestant|chrétiens|||| ||||supportive||Protestant Christians|Protestant||||| ||||同情的||ユグノー|プロテスタント|クリスチャン||信じていた||単純な Alguns sentiram que ele simpatizava com os huguenotes, cristãos protestantes que acreditavam que o simples

devout faith was preferable in religious life than the lavish ceremonies of the Roman Catholics. la foi dévote|||||||||luxueuses|||||catholiques fromm|||||||||üppigen||||| |||more desirable||||||extravagant|rituals||||Roman Catholics 信心深い|信仰||好ましい||宗教的な||||豪華な|儀式|||ローマの|カトリック教徒 a fé devota era preferível na vida religiosa do que as cerimónias luxuosas dos católicos romanos.

There had been an ongoing power struggle between the religious sects for some time and Grandier ||||continue||||||||||| ||||||||||groups||||| ||||継続的な|権力|闘争|の間に|||宗派|||||グランディエ Desde há algum tempo que se assiste a uma luta pelo poder entre as seitas religiosas e Grandier

found himself in the middle of it. 見つけた|彼自身||||| deu por si no meio da situação.

His sexual escapades and his political beliefs made him a lot of enemies and only added fuel ||escapades|||||||||||||| ||adventures|||||||||||||| ||冒険|||政治的な|信念||||||敵|||追加した|火に油 As suas escapadelas sexuais e as suas convicções políticas fizeram-lhe muitos inimigos e só serviram para alimentar

to the fire. ||火 para o fogo.

Meanwhile, in 1626 near Loudun, the Ursuline convent was established. pendant ce temps||||||||établi その間||||||修道院||設立された

The convent quickly became a popular place to send noble daughters who couldn't be |修道院|すぐに|なった|||||送る|貴族の|娘たち||できなかった|

married off due to lack of money for a dowry or other reasons. |||||||||dot||| |||||||||Mitgift||| |||||||||bridal payment shortage||| 結婚させる|||||||||持参金|||

One of the few joys of the austere lives of the Ursuline nuns was gossiping about townspeople, ||||joies|||austères|||||||de bavarder|| ||||pleasures|||simple|||||||spreading rumors||local residents |||||||strengen||||||||| ||||喜び|||厳しい|生活||||修道女||噂話をすること||

the most popular topic being Father Grandier. |||話題|||グランディエ

After the first prioress passed away, in 1627, a new superior was appointed: Jeanne des Anges. |||prieure||||||||||des|Anges |||Priorin|||||||||Jeanne der Engel||der Engel |||female head|||||||||||of the Angels |||院長|亡くなった|||||上司||任命された||デ|アンジェ

She had been sent to the convent because her hunchback and unattractive appearance made |||||||||dos|||| |||||||||Buckeliger|||| |||||||||curved spine|||| |||送られた|||修道院|||背中の曲がり||魅力的でない|容姿|

her marriage prospects poor. ||perspectives| |結婚|見込み|悪い

Ambitious Jeanne manipulated and lied her way into being appointed mother superior. 野心的な||操った||嘘をついた|||||任命される||院長

Though the women ran the nunnery themselves, they still confessed to a male priest. bien que|||allaient||monastère|||||||| |||||female monastery||||admitted sins|||| |||||修道院||||告白した|||男性| Хотя женщины сами управляли женским монастырем, они все равно исповедовались у священника-мужчины.

Jeanne was apparently obsessed with Grandier and asked him to be the convent's chaplain. ||||||||||||Kloster|Kaplan ||||||||||||of the convent|spiritual advisor ||どうやら|夢中になっていた||グランディエ||頼んだ|||||修道院の|司祭

He declined the honor. |refused|| |辞退した||名誉 Он отказался от этой чести.

In other accounts, Grandier wanted the position, but due to his behavior he wasn't considered ||他の報告書では|グランディエ|||地位|||||行動||なかった|考慮されなかった По другим данным, Грандье хотел занять эту должность, но из-за его поведения его не рассматривали.

a suitable confessor for pure, young Brides of Christ. |suitable||||||| ||告解者||純粋な|若い|||

Either way, Father Mignon who had a sterling reputation was selected to be the confessor |||Mignon||||excellente|||choisi|||| |||Father Mignon||||excellent||||||| |||||||vorbildlich||||||| どちらの|||ミニョン||||素晴らしい|||選ばれた||||告解司祭

for the nuns of Ursuline.

In 1630, some of Grandier's critics managed to bring charges against him for immorality. |||Grandier||||||||| |||Grandier's|||||||||unethical behavior |||グランディエの|批評家|成功した||提起する|告訴|対して|||不道徳 В 1630 году некоторым критикам Грандье удалось выдвинуть против него обвинения в безнравственности.

An enemy, the bishop of Poitiers found him guilty. |||||Poitiers||| |||church official||bishop of Poitiers||| |敵||ビショップ||ポワティエ|||有罪

However, due to his connections to high political figures, Grandier was restored to full clerical ||||||||figures|||restauré|||ecclésiastique ||||||||||||||church position ||||コネ|||政治的な|人物|グランディエ||復職させられた||完全な|聖職者の No entanto, devido às suas ligações a altas personalidades políticas, Grandier foi restituído ao seu estatuto de clérigo

duties within the year. tâches||| 義務|以内||年 funções durante o ano.

Not long afterwards, the Loudun region was struck by a typhus plague. ||après|||||||||peste ||||||||||typhus plague| |||||ルドン||襲われた|||チフス| Pouco tempo depois, a região de Loudun foi atingida por uma praga de tifo.

The covent and other areas self segregated to limit exposure to sickness. ||||||s'étaient séparés|||||maladie |covenant|||||separated themselves|||||disease ||||||abgeschottet||||| |修道院|||地域||隔離した|||感染への曝露||病気 O covento e as outras zonas estão segregados para limitar a exposição a doenças. Ковент и другие помещения отделены друг от друга, чтобы ограничить возможность заражения болезнями.

While the plague mainly subsided after about 6 months, anxiety, paranoia and other mental ||||a diminué|||||||| ||||nachgelassen|||||||| ||||lessened|||||||| 1|||主に|収まった|||月|不安|偏執病|||精神的な Embora a peste tenha desaparecido após cerca de 6 meses, a ansiedade, a paranoia e outras perturbações mentais

health issues were rampant among the citizens. |||répandues||| |||verbreitet||| |||widespread||| 健康|問題||蔓延していた|の中で||市民 os problemas de saúde eram frequentes entre os cidadãos. среди граждан распространены проблемы со здоровьем.

By this time Jeanne had been prioress for about 5 years. ||||||Priorin||| ||||||head of a convent|||

She was in charge of 17 nuns with an average age of 25. |||責任を持って|||||平均|| Era responsável por 17 freiras com uma idade média de 25 anos.

For a long time, Jeanne had stewed over the fact that Father Grandier wasn't the confessor ||||||ruminait||||||||| ||||||nachgedacht||||||||| ||||||brooded||||||||| ||||||悩んでいた|||||||||告解者 Durante muito tempo, Jeanne ficou a pensar no facto de o Padre Grandier não ser o confessor Долгое время Жанна размышляла над тем, что отец Грандье не был исповедником.

for the nunnery. ||修道院

She worked herself into hallucinations or lied and claimed she was experiencing hallucinations. ||||||||a affirmé|||| ||||幻覚||||言った||||幻覚 Ela tinha alucinações ou mentia e dizia que estava a ter alucinações.

Real or not, she confessed to Father Mignon about visions of Grandier tormenting her. ||||||||||||la tourmenter| ||||||||||||quälen| ||||||||||||tormenting her| ||||告げた|||||幻影||グランディエ|苦しめる|

Father Mignon and his assistant Father Barre were not fans of Grandier; they promptly turned ||||||Barre|||fans||||rapidement|se sont retournés |Mignon|||||Barre|||||Grandier||| ||||||Barre|||||||without delay| ||||助手||バレ|||ファン||グランディエ||すぐに|向かった O Padre Mignon e o seu assistente, o Padre Barre, não eram fãs de Grandier e viraram-se imediatamente para ele.

this odd situation to their advantage. |奇妙な|状況|||利益

Later some of the nuns were to claim that Father Mignon harassed and tricked them into |||||||||||harcelait||a trompées||à |||||||||||pressured||deceived|| ||||修道女|||主張する||||嫌がらせをした||騙した|| Mais tarde, algumas das freiras viriam a afirmar que o Padre Mignon as assediou e enganou para que Позднее некоторые монахини утверждали, что отец Миньон домогался и склонял их к

being possessed.

It's possible that the Bishop of Poitiers conspired with Father Mignon to get the nuns |||||||a conspiré||||||| ||||||Poitiers|||||||| |||||||colluded||||||| ||||||ポワティエ|共謀した|||||||修道女たち É possível que o bispo de Poitiers tenha conspirado com o padre Mignon para que as freiras

to claim that Father Grandier had bewitched them. ||||||envoûté| ||||||verzaubert| ||||||cast a spell| ||||グランディエ||呪った| para dizer que o Padre Grandier os tinha enfeitiçado.

The truth is lost to history. |真実||失われている|| A verdade perdeu-se na história.

Symptoms spread throughout the nuns and soon most of the nunnery was afflicted with possession. ||||||||||||affligée|| ||||||||||||affected|| 症状|広がった|全体に||修道女||||||修道院||悩まされて||憑依

The nuns experienced everything from fits, to beatings from invisible spectres and hives. |||||crises||battements||||| |||||Anfällen|||||Gespenster||Quaddeln ||||||||||ghosts||Skin rashes |修道女たち|経験した|||発作||暴力||見えない|幽霊||蕁麻疹 As freiras experimentaram tudo, desde ataques, a espancamentos de espectros invisíveis e urticária.

Curiously some of the nuns seemed to suddenly speak foreign languages or displayed superhuman curieusement||||||||||||| 不思議なことに||||修道女|||突然||外国語|||示した|超人的な

strength, and a host of other crazy symptoms. 力|||多数|||奇妙な|症状 força, e uma série de outros sintomas loucos.

Father Mignon began holding exorcisms at the convent.

When prayed over or sprinkled with holy water, the nuns reacted, twisting their bodies into ||||aspergées|||||||tordant||| |prayed|||doused|||||||||| |祈られた|||振りかけられた|||||修道女|反応した|ねじる||| Quando rezavam ou aspergiam com água benta, as freiras reagiam, torcendo os seus corpos em

odd shapes, uttering blasphemies in deep voices and crudely propositioning the priests in ||proférant||||||grossièrement|proposant||| ||making sounds|sacrilegious remarks|||||coarsely|making advances||| |||||||||anbaggern||| |形|発している||||||粗野に|勧誘して||| formas estranhas, proferindo blasfémias em voz alta e propondo grosseiramente aos sacerdotes странные фигуры, произносящие богохульства глубокими голосами и грубо предлагающие священникам в

graphic sexual terms. graphique|| graphic sexual terms|| グラフィック||用語 termos sexuais gráficos. графические сексуальные термины.

When questioned, some of the nuns named the demons who had taken over their bodies. |尋ねられた||||修道女||||||乗っ取った|||

Others, especially Jeanne claimed that Grandier had seduced them and that he was a magician |||||||enticed||||||| 他の人々|特に||言った||グランディエ||誘惑した|||||||魔法使い Outras, nomeadamente Jeanne, afirmaram que Grandier as tinha seduzido e que era um mágico

practicing the dark arts. 闇の魔術を行う||闇|魔法

At first, Grandier was incredulous and laughed off the nuns' claims. ||||incrédule|||||| ||||ungläubig|||||| ||||disbelieving|||||| ||グランディエ||信じられない||笑った|||修道女|主張 No início, Grandier ficou incrédulo e riu-se das afirmações das freiras.

It was a foolish misculation. |||folle|erreur de calcul ||||Fehlkalkulation ||||miscalculation |||愚かな|誤算 Foi um erro de cálculo insensato. Это был глупый просчет.

The Witchcraft Act of 1604 called for the death penalty upon conviction of sorcery, |sorcellerie|||||||peine||conviction||sorcellerie |sorcery or magic|||||||||||sorcery |魔法|法|||||死|死刑|に|有罪判決||魔法 A Lei da Feitiçaria de 1604 previa a pena de morte em caso de condenação por feitiçaria,

Witchcraft, and diabolical Pact. Witchcraft||| 魔法||悪魔の|契約

As the accusations of witchcraft persisted, Grandier began to take the issue seriously ||accusations||sorcery or magic|||||||| ||告発|||続いた||||||問題|真剣に Como as acusações de bruxaria persistiam, Grandier começou a levar o assunto a sério

and mount a defense. |und eine Verteidigung aufbauen|| |establish||defense strategy |構築する||防御 e montar uma defesa.

He wrote the Archbishop of Bordeaux, who ended up sending his personal physician to examine |||archevêque||Bordeaux||||||||| |||of Bordeaux||Bordeaux|||||||doctor|| |書いた||大司教||ボルドー||最終的に||送る||個人的な|医師||診察する Escreveu ao arcebispo de Bordéus, que acabou por enviar o seu médico pessoal para examinar

the nuns. |修道女

The doctor found no evidence of true possession. |医者||||||所有

In March of 1633, the Archbishop ordered the exorcisms ceased and the convent sequestered. ||||||||cessèrent||||séquestré ||||||||aufhörten||||abgeschottet ||||||||to stop||||isolated or confined ||||大司教|命じた|||終了した||||隔離された В марте 1633 г. архиепископ приказал прекратить экзорцизм и конфисковать монастырь.

The issue died down for several months, but later in the year the hysteria returned. ||収束した|||||||||||ヒステリー|戻った

Cardinal Richelieu, who held power both in the Catholic church and as King Louis XIII's cardinal|Richelieu|||||||catholique|||||Louis|de Louis XIII Cardinal Richelieu|Cardinal Richelieu|||||||||||||Louis XIII's |Richelieu||||||||||||Ludwig|Ludwig XIII 枢機卿|リシュリュー||握っていた|||||カトリック|||||ルイ|ルイ13世の

chief minister got involved on behalf of the government. |||||au nom||| 首相|大臣||関与した||政府のために|||政府 o ministro-chefe envolveu-se em nome do governo. От имени правительства в дело включился главный министр.

Previously Richelieu and Grandier had clashed over Huguenots issues. |||||s'étaient affrontés|||questions |||||konfrontiert||| |||||conflicted, argued, disagreed||| 以前|||グランディエ||対立した||| Anteriormente, Richelieu e Grandier tinham-se desentendido sobre questões relacionadas com os huguenotes.

In November 1633, Richelieu appointed a political crony of his, Jean De Laubardemont, as leader ||||||ami|||Jean||Laubardemont|| |||designated|||trusted associate|||||Jean De Laubard|| ||||||Freundschaftsgefährte|||||Laubardemont|| |||||政治的な||||||||指導者 Em novembro de 1633, Richelieu nomeou Jean de Laubardemont, seu amigo político, como líder

of a commission to investigate if Grandier was a witch. ||||enquêter|||||sorcière |||||||||practitioner of witchcraft ||委員会||調査する||グランディエ|||魔女 de uma comissão para investigar se Grandier era uma bruxa.

As a precaution Grandier was arrested and imprisoned in the Castle of Algiers so he ||précaution|||||||||||| ||safeguard||||||||||Algiers Castle|| ||||||||||||Algiers|| ||予防策|||逮捕された||投獄された|||アルジェの城||アルジェ|| В качестве меры предосторожности Грандье был арестован и заключен в Алжирский замок, чтобы он

couldn't flee the area. |fuir|| |escape from|| |逃げる||地域

The priests resumed exorcisms, but with a twist--instead of being held at the convent, ||ont repris|||||twist||||||| ||began again|||||||||||| ||再開した|||||ひねり|||||||修道院 Os padres voltaram a fazer exorcismos, mas com uma diferença: em vez de serem feitos no convento, Священники возобновили экзорцизм, но с изюминкой - вместо того, чтобы проводить его в монастыре,

the exorcisms began being held publically. |||||in public |||||公に os exorcismos começaram a ser feitos publicamente. экзорцизмы стали проводиться публично.

In addition to Father Mignon and Father Barres, two other priests who specialized in exorcism- |||||||Barres|||||se sont spécialisés|| |||||||Barres||||||| |||||||Barres|||||||exorcism practices |の他に||||||バレス|||||専門的な||悪魔祓い

Father Tranquille, and Father Lactance- joined the proceedings. |Tranquille|||Lactance|||procédures |Ruhig|||Vater Lactance|||Verhandlungen |Father Tranquille|||Lactance||| |トランキル|||ラタンス|参加した||会議

Up to 7,000 spectators came to see the possessed nuns. ||spectateurs|||||| ||people watching|||||| ||観客|||||憑かれた|修道女

Seeing the sexual acting out of the nuns turned public opinion against Grandier. |||acte||||||||| |||行為|||||turned|世間の|世論|グランディエに対して|グランディエ O facto de as freiras se comportarem de forma sexual fez com que a opinião pública se voltasse contra Grandier. Вид сексуального поведения монахинь настроил общественное мнение против Грандье.

Also, many of the townspeople converted from Protestant to Catholicism as a result of the |||||||||catholicisme||||de| |||||||||Catholic faith||||| |||||改宗した||||カトリック教徒|||結果||

public exorcisms. |祈祷

Meanwhile, the commission questioned Grandier, adding further accusations. その間||委員会|尋問した||追加して|さらなる|告発 Entretanto, a comissão interrogou Grandier, acrescentando outras acusações.

They forced him to sign statements and denials which were then taken by Laubardemont to the |||||||déclarations|||||||| |||||||denial statements|||||||| |強制した|||署名する|声明||否認|||||||| Obrigaram-no a assinar declarações e desmentidos que foram depois levados por Laubardemont ao Они заставили его подписать заявления и отрицания, которые затем были доставлены Лобардемоном в

royal court in Paris. 王室の|宮廷||パリ

The commission also intercepted letters and petitions from Grandier's supporters. |||a intercepté|||||| |||seized|||requests||| ||||||||Grandier| A comissão também interceptou cartas e petições dos apoiantes de Grandier.

In May of 1634, Laubardemont returned to Loudun with a Decree of the Council, extending his |||||||||décret|||Conseil|prolongeant| |||||||||Dekret||||| |||||||||official order|||||

powers and prohibiting Parlement and all other judges from interfering in the matter, as ||interdire|||||||||||comme ||prohibiting|Parliament||||||intervening|||| e proibindo o Parlamento e todos os outros juízes de interferir na matéria, como

well as forbidding all parties concerned from appealing under penalty of a fine. ||interdisant|||||||sous peine||| ||prohibiting|||||appealing a decision||||| bem como a proibição de recurso a todas as partes interessadas, sob pena de coima.

In fact, several Grandier supporters chose to flee France because of fear of the authorities ||||||||||||||autorités De facto, vários apoiantes de Grandier optaram por fugir de França por medo das autoridades

denouncing them as accessory witches. les dénonçant|les||accessoires|sorcières verleumden|||| accusing|||accomplice in crime| denunciando-as como bruxas acessórias.

During the trial an alleged pact made between Grandier and the Devil was brought to light. ||procès||||||||||||| ||||angeblich||||||||||| Durante o processo, foi revelado um alegado pacto entre Grandier e o Diabo.

The pact which confirmed Grandier's wicked duplicity was said to be stolen from Lucifer's |||confirmait|||duplicité|||||||Lucifer ||||||deceitful behavior|||||||Lucifer Diz-se que o pacto que confirmava a duplicidade perversa de Grandier tinha sido roubado do Договор, подтверждающий нечестивое двуличие Грандье, как говорят, был украден у Люцифера.

cabinet of devilish agreements by one of the tormenting demons. cabinet||diaboliques||||||| ||satanic||||||| gabinete de acordos diabólicos de um dos demónios atormentadores.

The agreement allegedly written backward by Grandier in Latin and signed in Blood, outlined |accord|soi-disant||à l'envers||||||signé|||décrite ||||in reverse|||||||||described in detail O acordo, alegadamente redigido por Grandier em latim e assinado em sangue, descrevia

Grandier's duties to the Devil and the benefits he would receive in turn.

Cosigners were Satan, Beelzebub, Lucifer, ELIMI, Leviathan, and Astaroth, and it was ||Satan|Baal-Zébub|Lucifer|ELIMI|Léviathan||Astaroth||| Mitunterzeichner||||Luzifer|ELIMI|der Leviathan||Astaroth||| Joint signatories|||Lord of Flies|Lucifer|Elimi|Leviathan||Astaroth|||

notarized by “signature and mark of the chief devil, and my lords the princes of hell.” noté||signature||||||||||||| authenticated|||||||||||||nobles|| ||||Markierung||||||||||| autenticado por "assinatura e marca do chefe dos demónios, e dos meus senhores, os príncipes do inferno". нотариально заверенная "подписью и знаком главного дьявола и моих господ - князей ада".

Some nuns including Jeanne des Anges began recanting their testimonies of possession, |||||||rétracter||témoignages|| |||||||widerrufen|||| |||||||withdrawing||||

proclaiming Grandier's innocence. proclamer||

She even appeared in court with a noose around her neck, threatening to hang herself if they |||||||corde||||||||| |||||||Schlinge||||||||| |||||||suicide device||||||||| Chegou mesmo a comparecer no tribunal com uma corda à volta do pescoço, ameaçando enforcar-se se

didn't let her recant her prior lies. |||se rétracter||précédents| |||widerrufen||| |||take back||| não a deixou desmentir as suas mentiras anteriores.

Ultimately, 72 witnesses swore evidence against Grandier. |témoins|||| ||testified under oath||| No final, 72 testemunhas depuseram contra Grandier.

Forgoing normal court procedures, the Royal Commission quickly passed a sentence on August renonçant|||||||||||| Skipping|||||||||||| Sem recorrer aos procedimentos judiciais normais, a Comissão Real proferiu rapidamente uma sentença em agosto de

18, 1634.

Urbain Grandier was found guilty of sorcery and placing evil spells to cause the possession ||||||||de placer||sorts|||| ||||||||||spells||||

of the Ursuline nuns. das freiras Ursulinas.

His punishment was to be burned alive at the stake. |||||||||bûcher |||||||||Pfahl |||||||||wooden post O seu castigo foi ser queimado vivo na fogueira. Его наказанием было сожжение на костре.

However, before his execution Grandier was subjected to various tortures including the ||||||soumis||||| ||||||subjected to|||torture methods|| No entanto, antes da sua execução, Grandier foi sujeito a várias torturas, incluindo a

boot in order to force him to name his accomplices. balancer|||||||||complices Stiefel||||||||| coerce|||||||||co-conspirators para o obrigar a dizer o nome dos seus cúmplices.

Though they broke both his legs, Grandier refused to provide names. Apesar de lhe terem partido as duas pernas, Grandier recusou-se a dar nomes.

He apologized for his previous lascivious ways, but steadfastly maintained his innocence |s'est excusé|||||||ferme||| |expressed regret|||||||firmly||| ||||||||unerschütterlich||| Pediu desculpa pelas suas anteriores atitudes lascivas, mas manteve firmemente a sua inocência

of witchcraft and any contracts with the devil.

Often the condemned were allowed to make a last statement to the crowd and were compassionately ||condamné||||||||||foule|||avec compassion ||condemned prisoners|||||||||||||with compassion |||||||||||||||mit Mitgefühl Muitas vezes, os condenados eram autorizados a fazer uma última declaração à multidão e eram compassivamente Часто приговоренным разрешали выступить перед толпой с последним словом, и они с состраданием принимали его.

strangled before burning at the stake. étranglé||||| erwürgt||||| choked to death||||| estrangulado antes de ser queimado na fogueira. Задушен перед сожжением на костре.

However, Grandier was not allowed this small mercy. |||||||miséricorde No entanto, Grandier não teve direito a esta pequena misericórdia.

Once he was on the scaffold the friars deluged him with holy water, preventing him from speaking. |||||échafaud||moines|inondèrent|||||||| |||||Gerüst||Mönche|überschwemmten|||||||| |||||execution platform||religious men|drenched|||||||| Uma vez no cadafalso, os frades encheram-no de água benta, impedindo-o de falar. Как только он оказался на эшафоте, монахи облили его святой водой, не давая говорить.

Also Father Lactance lit the funeral pyre before the executioner could strangle Grandier, |||a lu|||bûcher|||bourreau||étrangler| |||||Beerdigung|Leichnam|||||| ||||||funeral pyre|||||| Também o Padre Lactance acendeu a pira funerária antes que o carrasco pudesse estrangular Grandier, Также отец Лактанс зажег погребальный костер, прежде чем палач успел задушить Грандье,

causing him to be burned alive. fazendo-o ser queimado vivo.

But Grandier had the last word. Mas Grandier tem a última palavra.

As he struggled against the flames, Grandier reportedly told Father Lactance that he would |||||||aurait|||||| |||||||it is said|||||| Enquanto se debatia contra as chamas, Grandier terá dito ao Padre Lactance que iria

see God in 30 days.

Grandier was correct; Father Lactance died within a month. Grandier tinha razão; o Padre Lactance morreu no espaço de um mês.

In fact Grandier's death seemed to unleash a curse upon several people involved with ||||||déchaîner||||||| ||||||set free||||||| De facto, a morte de Grandier parece ter lançado uma maldição sobre várias pessoas envolvidas com

the trial.Within five years, Father Tranquille, one of the trial judges, Louis Chauvet and |||||le Père||||||||Chauvet| |||||||||||||Chauvet| |||||||||||||Louis Chauvet|

Dr. Mannoury, a fraudulent physician, fell into delirium and died insane. |Mannoury||frauduleux||||délire|||fou |Mannoury||betrügerischen||||||| |Dr Mannoury||deceitful||||delirium|||

Father Barre eventually ended up being banished from the church for conspiring to accuse a ||||||banni|||||||| ||||||expelled|||||plotting||accuse| |||||||||||verschwören||| В итоге отец Барре был изгнан из церкви за заговор с целью обвинить

priest of rape on the altar. ||viol|||autel |||||altar священник, изнасилованный на алтаре.

Not long after Grandier's death, Father Jean-Joseph Surin came to Loudon to perform |||||||Joseph|Surin|||Loudon|| |||||||Joseph|Surin|||Loudon|| ||||||||Surin|||Loudon||

exorcisms.

Jeanne de Anges had flip flopped back and forth between being possessed and claiming |||||floppé||||||||affirmer |||||changed repeatedly|||||||| Жанна де Анж металась туда-сюда между одержимостью и претензиями.

that she lied.

Father Surin attempted an exorcism for her and allegedly became possessed by Jeanne's ||a tenté||||||aurait||||

devils. devils

Haunted, he went into a slow decline, eventually becoming unable to eat, dress himself, walk, Hanté||||||déclin|||incapable||||| Tormented|||||||||||||| Assombrado, entrou num lento declínio, acabando por ficar incapaz de comer, de se vestir, de andar, Призраки не давали ему покоя, и в конце концов он стал не в состоянии есть, одеваться и ходить,

read, or write.

He tried to commit suicide, but was taken in by the Jesuit College at Saintes, and was |||||||||||jésuite|||Saintes|| |||||||||||Jesuitenhochschule|||Saintes|| |||||||||||Jesuit College|||Saintes|| Tentou suicidar-se, mas foi acolhido pelo colégio jesuíta de Saintes e foi Он пытался покончить жизнь самоубийством, но был принят иезуитским колледжем в Сенте и был

slowly nursed back to health. |a ramené||| |cared for||| lentamente, a saúde foi recuperada.

However, Jeanne des Anges recovered from her malady. ||||s'est remise||| |||||||Krankheit |||||||illness No entanto, Jeanne des Anges recuperou da sua doença. Однако Жанна дез Анж оправилась от своего недуга.

She ended up travelling France displaying the curious physical sign from God that was |||||affichant|||||||| Acabou por viajar por França exibindo o curioso sinal físico de Deus que era

proof of her exorcism and supernatural healing: the names of Jesus, Mary, Joseph, and François |||||surnaturelle|guérison||||||||François ||||||||||||||Franziskus ||||||||||||||Francis prova do seu exorcismo e da sua cura sobrenatural: os nomes de Jesus, Maria, José e Francisco

de Sales miraculously and indelibly etched on her left hand. ||||indélébile|gravé|||| |Verkäufe|wunderbarerweise||unvergänglich|eingraviert|||| ||||permanently|permanently marked|||| de Sales, milagrosa e indelevelmente gravada na sua mão esquerda.

The exorcisms continued until 1637, 3 years after Grandier's death.

They had become quite the tourist attraction, twice a day except Sundays, the afflicted Tornaram-se uma verdadeira atração turística: duas vezes por dia, exceto aos domingos, os aflitos

nuns were exorcised for the titillation of the crowds. |||||titillation|||foules ||possessed|||amusement||| |||||Erregung||| As freiras eram exorcizadas para a excitação das multidões.

Finally Cardinal Richeliu cut off financial support and the shows ended. ||Richelieu|||||||| |Kardinal||||||||| ||Richelieu||||||||

Now, check out this video on an ancient torture method, the Roman Candle.: ||||||||||||bougie

The Enfield Poltergeist caused panic and fear in a small town in England. |Enfield|Poltergeist|||||||||| |Enfield|||||||||||

But what was really going on?: