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How to Win Friends And Influence People By Dale Carnegie, (I)Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Part One (1)

(I)Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Part One (1)

Part One - Fundamental Techniques In Handling People

1 "If You Want To Gather Honey, Don't Kick Over The Beehive"

On May 7, 1931, the most sensational manhunt New York City had ever known had come to its climax.

After weeks of search, "Two Gun" Crowley - the killer, the gunman who didn't smoke or drink - was at bay, trapped in his sweetheart's apartment on West End Avenue. One hundred and fifty policemen and detectives laid siege to his top floor hideway. They chopped holes in the roof; they tried to smoke out Crowley, the "cop killer," with teargas. Then they mounted their machine guns on surrounding buildings, and for more than an hour one of New York's fine residential areas reverberated with the crack of pistol fire and the rut-tat-tat of machine guns. Crowley, crouching behind an over-stuffed chair, fired incessantly at the police. Ten thousand excited people watched the battle. Nothing like it ever been seen before on the sidewalks of New York.

When Crowley was captured, Police Commissioner E. P. Mulrooney declared that the two-gun desperado was one of the most dangerous criminals ever encountered in the history of New York.

"He will kill," said the Commissioner, "at the drop of a feather." But how did "Two Gun" Crowley regard himself? We know, because while the police were firing into his apartment, he wrote a letter addressed "To whom it may concern, " And, as he wrote, the blood flowing from his wounds left a crimson trail on the paper. In this letter Crowley said: "Under my coat is a weary heart, but a kind one - one that would do nobody any harm. "

A short time before this, Crowley had been having a necking party with his girl friend on a country road out on Long Island.

Suddenly a policeman walked up to the car and said: "Let me see your license." Without saying a word, Crowley drew his gun and cut the policeman down with a shower of lead. As the dying officer fell, Crowley leaped out of the car, grabbed the officer's revolver, and fired another bullet into the prostrate body. And that was the killer who said: "Under my coat is a weary heart, but a kind one - one that would do nobody any harm. '

Crowley was sentenced to the electric chair.

When he arrived at the death house in Sing Sing, did he say, "This is what I get for killing people"? No, he said: "This is what I get for defending myself." The point of the story is this: "Two Gun" Crowley didn't blame himself for anything. Is that an unusual attitude among criminals? If you think so, listen to this: "I have spent the best years of my life giving people the lighter pleasures, helping them have a good time, and all I get is abuse, the existence of a hunted man." That's Al Capone speaking. Yes, America's most notorious Public Enemy- the most sinister gang leader who ever shot up Chicago. Capone didn't condemn himself. He actually regarded himself as a public benefactor - an unappreciated and misunderstood public benefactor.

And so did Dutch Schultz before he crumpled up under gangster bullets in Newark.

Dutch Schultz, one of New York's most notorious rats, said in a newspaper interview that he was a public benefactor. And he believed it. I have had some interesting correspondence with Lewis Lawes, who was warden of New York's infamous Sing Sing prison for many years, on this subject, and he declared that "few of the criminals in Sing Sing regard themselves as bad men. They are just as human as you and I. So they rationalize, they explain. They can tell you why they had to crack a safe or be quick on the trigger finger. Most of them attempt by a form of reasoning, fallacious or logical, to justify their antisocial acts even to themselves, consequently stoutly maintaining that they should never have been imprisoned at all. "

If Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz, and the desperate men and women behind prison walls don't blame themselves for anything - what about the people with whom you and I come in contact?

John Wanamaker, founder of the stores that bear his name, once confessed: "I learned thirty years ago that it is foolish to scold. I have enough trouble overcoming my own limitations without fretting over the fact that God has not seen fit to distribute evenly the gift of intelligence." Wanamaker learned this lesson early, but I personally had to blunder through this old world for a third of a century before it even began to dawn upon me that ninety-nine times out of a hundred, people don't criticize themselves for anything, no matter how wrong it may be.

Criticism is futile because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him strive to justify himself.

Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a person's precious pride, hurts his sense of importance, and arouses resentment. B. F. Skinner, the world-famous psychologist, proved through his experiments that an animal rewarded for good behavior will learn much more rapidly and retain what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior. Later studies have shown that the same applies to humans. By criticizing, we do not make lasting changes and often incur resentment.

Hans Selye, another great psychologist, said, "As much as we thirst for approval, we dread condemnation," The resentment that criticism engenders can demoralize employees, family members and friends, and still not correct the situation that has been condemned.

George B. Johnston of Enid, Oklahoma, is the safety coordinator for an engineering company, One of his responsibilities is to see that employees wear their hard hats whenever they are on the job in the field. He reported that whenever he came across workers who were not wearing hard hats, he would tell them with a lot of authority of the regulation and that they must comply. As a result he would get sullen acceptance, and often after he left, the workers would remove the hats. He decided to try a different approach. The next time he found some of the workers not wearing their hard hat, he asked if the hats were uncomfortable or did not fit properly. Then he reminded the men in a pleasant tone of voice that the hat was designed to protect them from injury and suggested that it always be worn on the job. The result was increased compliance with the regulation with no resentment or emotional upset.

You will find examples of the futility of criticism bristling on a thousand pages of history, Take, for example, the famous quarrel between Theodore Roosevelt and President Taft - a quarrel that split the Republican party, put Woodrow Wilson in the White House, and wrote bold, luminous lines across the First World War and altered the flow of history.

Let's review the facts quickly. When Theodore Roosevelt stepped out of the White House in 1908, he supported Taft, who was elected President. Then Theodore Roosevelt went off to Africa to shoot lions. When he returned, he exploded. He denounced Taft for his conservatism, tried to secure the nomination for a third term himself, formed the Bull Moose party, and all but demolished the G.O.P. In the election that followed, William Howard Taft and the Republican party carried only two states - Vermont and Utah. The most disastrous defeat the party had ever known. Theodore Roosevelt blamed Taft, but did President Taft blame himself? Of course not, With tears in his eyes, Taft said: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have." Who was to blame? Roosevelt or Taft? Frankly, I don't know, and I don't care. The point I am trying to make is that all of Theodore Roosevelt's criticism didn't persuade Taft that he was wrong. It merely made Taft strive to justify himself and to reiterate with tears in his eyes: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have. "

Or, take the Teapot Dome oil scandal.

It kept the newspapers ringing with indignation in the early 1920s. It rocked the nation! Within the memory of living men, nothing like it had ever happened before in American public life. Here are the bare facts of the scandal: Albert B. Fall, secretary of the interior in Harding's cabinet, was entrusted with the leasing of government oil reserves at Elk Hill and Teapot Dome - oil reserves that had been set aside for the future use of the Navy. Did secretary Fall permit competitive bidding? No sir. He handed the fat, juicy contract outright to his friend Edward L. Doheny. And what did Doheny do? He gave Secretary Fall what he was pleased to call a "loan" of one hundred thousand dollars. Then, in a high-handed manner, Secretary Fall ordered United States Marines into the district to drive off competitors whose adjacent wells were sapping oil out of the Elk Hill reserves. These competitors, driven off their ground at the ends of guns and bayonets, rushed into court - and blew the lid off the Teapot Dome scandal. A stench arose so vile that it ruined the Harding Administration, nauseated an entire nation, threatened to wreck the Republican party, and put Albert B. Fall behind prison bars.

Fall was condemned viciously - condemned as few men in public life have ever been.

Did he repent? Never! Years later Herbert Hoover intimated in a public speech that President Harding's death had been due to mental anxiety and worry because a friend had betrayed him. When Mrs. Fall heard that, she sprang from her chair, she wept, she shook her fists at fate and screamed: "What! Harding betrayed by Fall? No! My husband never betrayed anyone. This whole house full of gold would not tempt my husband to do wrong. He is the one who has been betrayed and led to the slaughter and crucified." There you are; human nature in action, wrongdoers, blaming everybody but themselves. We are all like that. So when you and I are tempted to criticize someone tomorrow, let's remember Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley and Albert Fall. Let's realize that criticisms are like homing pigeons. They always return home. Let's realize that the person we are going to correct and condemn will probably justify himself or herself, and condemn us in return; or, like the gentle Taft, will say: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have. "

On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him.

Lincoln's long body lay stretched diagonally across a sagging bed that was too short for him. A cheap reproduction of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal gas jet flickered yellow light. As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lies the most perfect ruler of men that the world has ever seen." What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealing with people? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted all of three years to writing and rewriting a book entitled Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive a study of Lincoln's personality and home life as it is possible for any being to make. I made a special study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Did he indulge in criticism? Oh, yes. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek Valley of Indiana, he not only criticized but he wrote letters and poems ridiculing people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. One of these letters aroused resentments that burned for a lifetime.

Even after Lincoln had become a practicing lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he attacked his opponents openly in letters published in the newspapers.

But he did this just once too often. In the autumn of 1842 he ridiculed a vain, pugnacious politician by the name of James Shields. Lincoln lamned him through an anonymous letter published in Springfield Journal. The town roared with laughter. Shields, sensitive and proud, boiled with indignation. He found out who wrote the letter, leaped on his horse, started after Lincoln, and challenged him to fight a duel. Lincoln didn't want to fight. He was opposed to dueling, but he couldn't get out of it and save his honor. He was given the choice of weapons. Since he had very long arms, he chose cavalry broadswords and took lessons in sword fighting from a West Point graduate; and, on the appointed day, he and Shields met on a sandbar in the Mississippi River, prepared to fight to the death; but, at the last minute, their seconds interrupted and stopped the duel.

That was the most lurid personal incident in Lincoln's life.

It taught him an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Never again did he write an insulting letter. Never again did he ridicule anyone. And from that time on, he almost never criticized anybody for anything. Time after time, during the Civil War, Lincoln put a new general at the head of the Army of the Potomac, and each one in turn - McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade - blundered tragically and drove Lincoln to pacing the floor in despair. Half the nation savagely condemned these incompetent generals, but Lincoln, "with malice toward none, with charity for all," held his peace. One of his favorite quotations was "Judge not, that ye be not judged." And when Mrs. Lincoln and others spoke harshly of the southern people, Lincoln replied: "Don't criticize them; they are just what we would be under similar circumstances. "

Yet if any man ever had occasion to criticize, surely it was Lincoln.

Let's take just one illustration: The Battle of Gettysburg was fought during the first three days of July 1863. During the night of July 4, Lee began to retreat southward while storm clouds deluged the country with rain. When Lee reached the Potomac with his defeated army, he found a swollen, impassable river in front of him, and a victorious Union Army behind him. Lee was in a trap. He couldn't escape. Lincoln saw that. Here was a golden, heaven-sent opportunity-the opportunity to capture Lee's army and end the war immediately. So, with a surge of high hope, Lincoln ordered Meade not to call a council of war but to attack Lee immediately. Lincoln telegraphed his orders and then sent a special messenger to Meade demanding immediate action. And what did General Meade do? He did the very opposite of what he was told to do. He called a council of war in direct violation of Lincoln's orders. He hesitated. He procrastinated. He telegraphed all manner of excuses. He refused point-blank to attack Lee. Finally the waters receded and Lee escaped over the Potomac with his forces. Lincoln was furious, " What does this mean? Lincoln cried to his son Robert. "Great God! What does this mean? We had them within our grasp, and had only to stretch forth our hands and they were ours; yet nothing that I could say or do could make the army move. Under the circumstances, almost any general could have defeated Lee. If I had gone up there, I could have whipped him myself. "

In bitter disappointment, Lincoln sat down and wrote Meade this letter.

And remember, at this period of his life Lincoln was extremely conservative and restrained in his phraseology. So this letter coming from Lincoln in 1863 was tantamount to the severest rebuke. My dear General, I do not believe you appreciate the magnitude of the misfortune involved in Lee's escape. He was within our easy grasp, and to have closed upon him would, in connection With our other late successes, have ended the war. As it is, the war will be prolonged indefinitely. If you could not safely attack Lee last Monday, how can you possibly do so south of the river, when you can take with you very few - no more than two-thirds of the force you then had in hand? It would be unreasonable to expect and I do not expect that you can now effect much. Your golden opportunity is gone, and I am distressed immeasurably because of it.

What do you suppose Meade did when he read the letter?

Meade never saw that letter. Lincoln never mailed it. It was found among his papers after his death. My guess is - and this is only a guess - that after writing that letter, Lincoln looked out of the window and said to himself, "Just a minute. Maybe I ought not to be so hasty. It is easy enough for me to sit here in the quiet of the White House and order Meade to attack; but if I had been up at Gettysburg, and if I had seen as much blood as Meade has seen during the last week, and if my ears had been pierced with the screams and shrieks of the wounded and dying, maybe I wouldn't be so anxious to attack either. If I had Meade's timid temperament, perhaps I would have done just what he had done. Anyhow, it is water under the bridge now. If I send this letter, it will relieve my feelings, but it will make Meade try to justify himself. It will make him condemn me. It will arouse hard feelings, impair all his further usefulness as a commander, and perhaps force him to resign from the army." So, as I have already said, Lincoln put the letter aside, for he had learned by bitter experience that sharp criticisms and rebukes almost invariably end in futility.

Theodore Roosevelt said that when he, as President, was confronted with a perplexing problem, he used to lean back and look up at a large painting of Lincoln which hung above his desk in the White House and ask himself, "What would Lincoln do if he were in my shoes?

How would he solve this problem?" The next time we are tempted to admonish somebody, /let's pull a five-dollar bill out of our pocket, look at Lincoln's picture on the bill, and ask. "How would Lincoln handle this problem if he had it?" Mark Twain lost his temper occasionally and wrote letters that turned the Paper brown. For example, he once wrote to a man who had aroused his ire: "The thing for you is a burial permit. You have only to speak and I will see that you get it." On another occasion he wrote to an editor about a proofreader's attempts to "improve my spelling and punctuation." He ordered: "Set the matter according to my copy hereafter and see that the proofreader retains his suggestions in the mush of his decayed brain." The writing of these stinging letters made Mark Twain feel better. They allowed him to blow off steam, and the letters didn't do any real harm, because Mark's wife secretly lifted them out of the mail. They were never sent.

Do you know someone you would like to change and regulate and improve?

Good! That is fine. I am all in favor of it, But why not begin on yourself? From a purely selfish standpoint, that is a lot more profitable than trying to improve others - yes, and a lot less dangerous. "Don't complain about the snow on your neighbor's roof," said Confucius, "when your own doorstep is unclean." When I was still young and trying hard to impress people, I wrote a foolish letter to Richard Harding Davis, an author who once loomed large on the literary horizon of America. I was preparing a magazine article about authors, and I asked Davis to tell me about his method of work. A few weeks earlier, I had received a letter from someone with this notation at the bottom: "Dictated but not read." I was quite impressed. I felt that the writer must be very big and busy and important. I wasn't the slightest bit busy, but I was eager to make an impression on Richard Harding Davis, so I ended my short note with the words: "Dictated but not read." He never troubled to answer the letter. He simply returned it to me with this scribbled across the bottom: "Your bad manners are exceeded only by your bad manners." True, I had blundered, and perhaps I deserved this rebuke. But, being human, I resented it. I resented it so sharply that when I read of the death of Richard Harding Davis ten years later, the one thought that still persisted in my mind - I am ashamed to admit - was the hurt he had given me.

If you and I want to stir up a resentment tomorrow that may rankle across the decades and endure until death, just let us indulge in a little stinging criticism-no matter how certain we are that it is justified.

When dealing with people, let us remember we are not dealing with creatures of logic. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity. Bitter criticism caused the sensitive Thomas Hardy, one of the finest novelists ever to enrich English literature, to give up forever the writing of fiction. Criticism drove Thomas Chatterton, the English poet, to suicide. Benjamin Franklin, tactless in his youth, became so diplomatic, so adroit at handling people, that he was made American Ambassador to France. The secret of his success? "I will speak ill of no man," he said, " . . and speak all the good I know of everybody." Any fool can criticize, condemn and complain - and most fools do. But it takes character and self-control to be under-standing and forgiving. "A great man shows his greatness," said Carlyle, "by the way he treats little men." Bob Hoover, a famous test pilot and frequent per-former at air shows, was returning to his home in Los Angeles from an air show in San Diego. As described in the magazine Flight Operations, at three hundred feet in the air, both engines suddenly stopped. By deft maneuvering he managed to land the plane, but it was badly damaged although nobody was hurt.

Hoover's first act after the emergency landing was to inspect the airplane's fuel.

Just as he suspected, the World War II propeller plane he had been flying had been fueled with jet fuel rather than gasoline. Upon returning to the airport, he asked to see the mechanic who had serviced his airplane. The young man was sick with the agony of his mistake. Tears streamed down his face as Hoover approached. He had just caused the loss of a very expensive plane and could have caused the loss of three lives as well. You can imagine Hoover's anger. One could anticipate the tongue - lashing that this proud and precise pilot would unleash for that carelessness. But Hoover didn't scold the mechanic; he didn't even criticize him. Instead, he put his big arm around the man's shoulder and said, "To show you I'm sure that you'll never do this again, I want you to service my F-51 tomorrow." Often parents are tempted to criticize their children. You would expect me to say "don't." But I will not, I am merely going to say, "Before you criticize them, read one of the classics of American journalism, 'Father Forgets.' " It originally appeared as an editorial in the People's Home Journal. We are reprinting it here with the author's permission, as condensed in the Reader's Digest: "Father Forgets" is one of those little pieces which-dashed of in a moment of sincere feeling - strikes an echoing chord in so many readers as to become a perenial reprint favorite. Since its first appearance, "Father Forgets" has been reproduced, writes the author, W, Livingston Larned, "in hundreds of magazines and houseorgans, and in newspapers the country over. It has been reprinted almost as extensively in many foreign languages. I have given personal permission to thousands who wished to read it from school,church, and lecture platforms. It has been 'on the air' on countless occasions and programs. Oddly enough, college periodicals have used it, and high-school magazines. Sometimes a little piece seems mysteriously to 'click.' This one certainly did. "

FATHER FORGETS W. Livingston Larned

Listen, son: I am saying this as you lie asleep, one little paw crumpled under your cheek and the blond curls stickily wet on your damp forehead.

I have stolen into your room alone. Just a few minutes ago, as I sat reading my paper in the library, a stifling wave of remorse swept over me. Guiltily I came to your bedside. There are the things I was thinking, son: I had been cross to you. I scolded you as you were dressing for school because you gave your face merely a dab with a towel. I took you to task for not cleaning your shoes. I called out angrily when you threw some of your things on the floor. At breakfast I found fault, too. You spilled things. You gulped down your food. You put your elbows on the table. You spread butter too thick on your bread. And as you started off to play and I made for my train, you turned and waved a hand and called, "Goodbye, Daddy!" and I frowned, and said in reply, "Hold your shoulders back!" Then it began all over again in the late afternoon. As I came up the road I spied you, down on your knees, playing marbles. There were holes in your stockings. I humiliated you before your boyfriends by marching you ahead of me to the house. Stockings were expensive - and if you had to buy them you would be more careful! Imagine that, son, from a father!

Do you remember, later, when I was reading in the library, how you came in timidly, with a sort of hurt look in your eyes?

When I glanced up over my paper, impatient at the interruption, you hesitated at the door. "What is it you want?" I snapped. You said nothing, but ran across in one tempestuous plunge, and threw your arms around my neck and kissed me, and your small arms tightened with an affection that God had set blooming in your heart and which even neglect could not wither. And then you were gone, pattering up the stairs. Well, son, it was shortly afterwards that my paper slipped from my hands and a terrible sickening fear came over me. What has habit been doing to me? The habit of finding fault, of reprimanding - this was my reward to you for being a boy. It was not that I did not love you; it was that I expected too much of youth. I was measuring you by the yardstick of my own years. And there was so much that was good and fine and true in your character. The little heart of you was as big as the dawn itself over the wide hills. This was shown by your spontaneous impulse to rush in and kiss me good night. Nothing else matters tonight, son. I have come to your bed-side in the darkness, and I have knelt there, ashamed!

It is a feeble atonement; I know you would not understand these things if I told them to you during your waking hours.

But tomorrow I will be a real daddy! I will chum with you, and suffer when you suffer, and laugh when you laugh. I will bite my tongue when impatient words come. I will keep saying as if it were a ritual: "He is nothing but a boy - a little boy!" I am afraid I have visualized you as a man. Yet as I see you now, son, crumpled and weary in your cot, I see that you are still a baby. Yesterday you were in your mother's arms, your head on her shoulder. I have asked too much, too much. Instead of condemning people, let's try to understand them. Let's try to figure out why they do what they do. That's a lot more profitable and intriguing than criticism; and it breeds sympathy, tolerance and kindness. "To know all is to forgive all." As Dr. Johnson said: "God himself, sir, does not propose to judge man until the end of his days. "

Why should you and I?

· Principle 1 - Don't criticize, condemn or complain.

2 - The Big Secret Of Dealing With People

There is only one way under high heaven to get anybody to do anything.

Did you ever stop to think of that? Yes, just one way. And that is by making the other person want to do it. Remember, there is no other way. Of course, you can make someone want to give you his watch by sticking a revolver in his ribs. YOU can make your employees give you cooperation - until your back is turned - by threatening to fire them. You can make a child do what you want it to do by a whip or a threat. But these crude methods have sharply undesirable repercussions. The only way I can get you to do anything is by giving you what you want. What do you want? Sigmund Freud said that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great. John Dewey, one of America's most profound philosophers, phrased it a bit differently. Dr. Dewey said that the deepest urge in human nature is "the desire to be important." Remember that phrase: "the desire to be important." It is significant. You are going to hear a lot about it in this book. What do you want? Not many things, but the few that you do wish, you crave with an insistence that will not be denied. Some of the things most people want include: 1. Health and the preservation of life. 2. Food. 3. Sleep. 4. Money and the things money will buy. 5. Life in the hereafter. 6. Sexual gratification. 7. The well-being of our children. 8. A feeling of importance. Almost all these wants are usually gratified-all except one. But there is one longing - almost as deep, almost as imperious, as the desire for food or sleep - which is seldom gratified. It is what Freud calls "the desire to be great." It is what Dewey calls the "desire to be important." Lincoln once began a letter saying: "Everybody likes a compliment." William James said: "The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated." He didn't speak, mind you, of the "wish" or the "desire" or the "longing" to be appreciated. He said the "craving" to be appreciated.

Here is a gnawing and unfaltering human hunger, and the rare individual who honestly satisfies this heart hunger will hold people in the palm of his or her hand and "even the undertaker will be sorry when he dies.

" The desire for a feeling of importance is one of the chief distinguishing differences between mankind and the animals. To illustrate: When I was a farm boy out in Missouri, my father bred fine Duroc-Jersey hogs and . pedigreed white - faced cattle. We used to exhibit our hogs and white-faced cattle at the country fairs and live - stock shows throughout the Middle West. We won first prizes by the score. My father pinned his blue ribbons on a sheet of white muslin, and when friends or visitors came to the house, he would get out the long sheet of muslin. He would hold one end and I would hold the other while he exhibited the blue ribbons. The hogs didn't care about the ribbons they had won. But Father did. These prizes gave him a feeling of importance. If our ancestors hadn't had this flaming urge for a feeling of importance, civilization would have been impossible. Without it, we should have been just about like animals. It was this desire for a feeling of importance that led an uneducated, poverty-stricken grocery clerk to study some law books he found in the bottom of a barrel of household plunder that he had bought for fifty cents. You have probably heard of this grocery clerk. His name was Lincoln.

It was this desire for a feeling of importance that inspired Dickens to write his immortal novels.

This desire inspired Sir Christoper Wren to design his symphonies in stone. This desire made Rockefeller amass millions that he never spent! And this same desire made the richest family in your town build a house far too large for its requirements. This desire makes you want to wear the latest styles, drive the latest cars, and talk about your brilliant children. It is this desire that lures many boys and girls into joining gangs and engaging in criminal activities. The average young criminal, according to E. P. Mulrooney, onetime police commissioner of New York, is filled with ego, and his first request after arrest is for those lurid newspapers that make him out a hero. The disagreeable prospect of serving time seems remote so long as he can gloat over his likeness sharing space with pictures of sports figures, movie and TV stars and politicians. If you tell me how you get your feeling of importance, I'll tell you what you are. That determines your character. That is the most significant thing about you. For example, John D. Rockefeller got his feeling of importance by giving money to erect a modern hospital in Peking, China, to care for millions of poor people whom he had never seen and never would see. Dillinger, on the other hand, got his feeling of importance by being a bandit, a bank robber and killer. When the FBI agents were hunting him, he dashed into a farmhouse up in Minnesota and said, "I'm Dillinger!" He was proud of the fact that he was Public Enemy Number One. "I'm not going to hurt you, but I'm Dillinger!" he said. Yes, the one significant difference between Dillinger and Rockefeller is how they got their feeling of importance. History sparkles with amusing examples of famous people struggling for a feeling of importance. Even George Washington wanted to be called "His Mightiness, the President of the United States"; and Columbus pleaded for the title "Admiral of the Ocean and Viceroy of India." Catherine the Great refused to open letters that were not addressed to "Her Imperial Majesty"; and Mrs. Lincoln, in the White House, turned upon Mrs. Grant like a tigress and shouted, "How dare you be seated in my presence until I invite you! "

Our millionaires helped finance Admiral Byrd's expedition to the Antarctic in 1928 with the understanding that ranges of icy mountains would be named after them; and Victor Hugo aspired to have nothing less than the city of Paris renamed in his honor.

Even Shakespeare, mightiest of the mighty, tried to add luster to his name by procuring a coat of arms for his family. People sometimes became invalids in order to win sympathy and attention, and get a feeling of importance. For example, take Mrs. McKinley. She got a feeling of importance by forcing her husband, the President of the United States, to neglect important affairs of state while he reclined on the bed beside her for hours at a time, his arm about her, soothing her to sleep. She fed her gnawing desire for attention by insisting that he remain with her while she was having her teeth fixed, and once created a stormy scene when he had to leave her alone with the dentist while he kept an appointment with John Hay, his secretary of state. The writer Mary Roberts Rinehart once told me of a bright, vigorous young woman who became an invalid in order to get a feeling of importance. "One day," said Mrs. Rinehart, "this woman had been obliged to face something, her age perhaps. The lonely years were stretching ahead and there was little left for her to anticipate. "She took to her bed; and for ten years her old mother traveled to the third floor and back, carrying trays, nursing her. Then one day the old mother, weary with service, lay down and died. For some weeks, the invalid languished; then she got up, put on her clothing, and resumed living again. "

Some authorities declare that people may actually go insane in order to find, in the dreamland of insanity, the feeling of importance that has been denied them in the harsh world of reality.

There are more patients suffering from mental diseases in the United States than from all other diseases combined. What is the cause of insanity? Nobody can answer such a sweeping question, but we know that certain diseases, such as syphilis, break down and destroy the brain cells and result in insanity. In fact, about one-half of all mental diseases can be attributed to such physical causes as brain lesions, alcohol, toxins and injuries. But the other half - and this is the appalling part of the story - the other half of the people who go insane apparently have nothing organically wrong with their brain cells. In post-mortem examinations, when their brain tissues are studied under the highest-powered microscopes, these tissues are found to be apparently just as healthy as yours and mine. Why do these people go insane? I put that question to the head physician of one of our most important psychiatric hospitals. This doctor, who has received the highest honors and the most coveted awards for his knowledge of this subject, told me frankly that he didn't know why people went insane. Nobody knows for sure But he did say that many people who go insane find in insanity a feeling of importance that they were unable to achieve in the world of reality. Then he told me this story: "I have a patient right now whose marriage proved to be a tragedy. She wanted love, sexual gratification, children and social prestige, but life blasted all her hopes. Her husband didn't love her. He refused even to eat with her and forced her to serve his meals in his room upstairs. She had no children, no social standing. She went insane; and, in her imagination, she divorced her husband and resumed her maiden name.

She now believes she has married into English aristocracy, and she insists on being called Lady Smith.

"And as for children, she imagines now that she has had a new child every night. Each time I call on her she says: 'Doctor, I had a baby last night.' " Life once wrecked all her dream ships on the sharp rocks of reality; but in the sunny, fantasy isles of insanity, all her barkentines race into port with canvas billowing and winds singing through the masts. " Tragic? Oh, I don't know. Her physician said to me: If I could stretch out my hand and restore her sanity, I wouldn't do it. She's much happier as she is." If some people are so hungry for a feeling of importance that they actually go insane to get it, imagine what miracle you and I can achieve by giving people honest appreciation this side of insanity. One of the first people in American business to be paid a salary of over a million dollars a year (when there was no income tax and a person earning fifty dollars a week was considered well off) was Charles Schwab, He had been picked by Andrew Carnegie to become the first president of the newly formed United States Steel Company in 1921, when Schwab was only thirty-eight years old. (Schwab later left U.S. Steel to take over the then-troubled Bethlehem Steel Company, and he rebuilt it into one of the most profitable companies in America.) Why did Andrew Carnegie pay a million dollars a year, or more than three thousand dollars a day, to Charles Schwab? Why? Because Schwab was a genius? No. Because he knew more about the manufacture of steel than other people? Nonsense. Charles Schwab told me himself that he had many men working for him who knew more about the manufacture of steel than he did. Schwab says that he was paid this salary largely because of his ability to deal with people. I asked him how he did it.

Here is his secret set down in his own words - words that ought to be cast in eternal bronze and hung in every home and school, every shop and office in the land - words that children ought to memorize instead of wasting their time memorizing the conjugation of Latin verbs or the amount of the annual rainfall in Brazil - words that will all but transform your life and mine if we will only live them: "I consider my ability to arouse enthusiasm among my people," said Schwab, "the greatest asset I possess, and the way to develop the best that is in a person is by appreciation and encouragement "There is nothing else that so kills the ambitions of a person as criticisms from superiors.

I never criticize any-one. I believe in giving a person incentive to work. So I am anxious to praise but loath to find fault. If I like anything, I am hearty in my approbation and lavish in my praise. " That is what Schwab did. But what do average people do? The exact opposite. If they don't like a thing, they bawl out their subordinates; if they do like it, they say nothing. As the old couplet says: "Once I did bad and that I heard ever/Twice I did good, but that I hear never." "In my wide association in life, meeting with many and great people in various parts of the world," Schwab declared, "I have yet to find the person, however great or exalted his station, who did not do better work and put forth greater effort under a spirit of approval than he would ever do under a spirit of criticism." That he said, frankly, was one of the outstanding reasons for the phenomenal success of Andrew Carnegie. Carnegie praised his associates publicly as well as privately. Carnegie wanted to praise his assistants even on his tombstone. He wrote an epitaph for himself which read: "Here lies one who knew how to get around him men who were cleverer than himself:" Sincere appreciation was one of the secrets of the first John D. Rockefeller's success in handling men. For example, when one of his partners, Edward T. Bedford, lost a million dollars for the firm by a bad buy in South America, John D. might have criticized; but he knew Bedford had done his best - and the incident was closed. So Rockefeller found something to praise; he congratulated Bedford because he had been able to save 60 percent of the money he had invested. "That's splendid," said Rockefeller. "We don't always do as well as that upstairs." I have among my clippings a story that I know never happened, but it illustrates a truth, so I'll repeat it: According to this silly story, a farm woman, at the end of a heavy day's work, set before her menfolks a heaping pile of hay.

And when they indignantly demanded whether she had gone crazy, she replied: "Why, how did I know you'd notice?

I've been cooking for you men for the last twenty years and in all that time I ain't heard no word to let me know you wasn't just eating hay." When a study was made a few years ago on runaway wives, what do you think was discovered to be the main reason wives ran away? It was "lack of appreciation." And I'd bet that a similar study made of runaway husbands would come out the same way. We often take our spouses so much for granted that we never let them know we appreciate them. A member of one of our classes told of a request made by his wife. She and a group of other women in her church were involved in a self-improvement program. She asked her husband to help her by listing six things he believed she could do to help her become a better wife. He reported to the class: "I was surprised by such a request. Frankly, it would have been easy for me to list six things I would like to change about her - my heavens, she could have listed a thousand things she would like to change about me - but I didn't. I said to her, 'Let me think about it and give you an answer in the morning.' "The next morning I got up very early and called the florist and had them send six red roses to my wife with a note saying: 'I can't think of six things I would like to change about you. I love you the way you are.' "When I arrived at home that evening, who do you think greeted me at the door: That's right. My wife! She was almost in tears. Needless to say, I was extremely glad I had not criticized her as she had requested. "The following Sunday at church, after she had reported the results of her assignment, several women with whom she had been studying came up to me and said, 'That was the most considerate thing I have ever heard.' It was then I realized the power of appreciation." Florenz Ziegfeld, the most spectacular producer who ever dazzled Broadway, gained his reputation by his subtle ability to "glorify the American girl. "

Time after time, he took drab little creatures that no one ever looked at twice and transformed them on the stage into glamorous visions of mystery and seduction.

Knowing the value of appreciation and confidence, he made women feel beautiful by the sheer power of his gallantry and consideration. He was practical: he raised the salary of chorus girls from thirty dollars a week to as high as one hundred and seventy-five. And he was also chivalrous; on opening night at the Follies, he sent telegrams to the stars in the cast, and he deluged every chorus girl in the show with American Beauty roses. I once succumbed to the fad of fasting and went for six days and nights without eating. It wasn't difficult. I was less hungry at the end of the sixth day than I was at the end of the second. Yet I know, as you know, people who would think they had committed a crime if they let their families or employees go for six days without food; but they will let them go for six days, and six weeks, and sometimes sixty years without giving them the hearty appreciation that they crave almost as much as they crave food. When Alfred Lunt, one of the great actors of his time, played the leading role in Reunion in Vienna, he said, "There is nothing I need so much as nourishment for my self-esteem." We nourish the bodies of our children and friends and employees, but how seldom do we nourish their selfesteem? We provide them with roast beef and potatoes to build energy, but we neglect to give them kind words of appreciation that would sing in their memories for years like the music of the morning stars.

Paul Harvey, in one of his radio broadcasts, "The Rest of the Story," told how showing sincere appreciation can change a person's life.

He reported that years ago a teacher in Detroit asked Stevie Morris to help her find a mouse that was lost in the classroom. You see, she appreciated the fact that nature had given Stevie something no one else in the room had. Nature had given Stevie a remarkable pair of ears to compensate for his blind eyes. But this was really the first time Stevie had been shown appreciation for those talented ears. Now, years later, he says that this act of appreciation was the beginning of a new life. You see, from that time on he developed his gift of hearing and went on to become, under the stage name of Stevie Wonder, one of the great pop singers and and songwriters of the seventies. * Some readers are saying right now as they read these lines: "Oh, phooey! Flattery! Bear oil! I've tried that stuff. It doesn't work - not with intelligent people." Of course flattery seldom works with discerning people. It is shallow, selfish and insincere. It ought to fail and it usually does. True, some people are so hungry, so thirsty, for appreciation that they will swallow anything, just as a starving man will eat grass and fishworms. Even Queen Victoria was susceptible to flattery. Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli confessed that he put it on thick in dealing with the Queen. To use his exact words, he said he "spread it on with a trowel." But Disraeli was one of the most polished, deft and adroit men who ever ruled the far-flung British Empire. He was a genius in his line. What would work for him wouldn't necessarily work for you and me. In the long run, flattery will do you more harm than good. Flattery is counterfeit, and like counterfeit money, it will eventually get you into trouble if you pass it to someone else. The difference between appreciation and flattery? That is simple. One is sincere and the other insincere. One comes from the heart out; the other from the teeth out. One is unselfish; the other selfish. One is universally admired; the other universally condemned. I recently saw a bust of Mexican hero General Alvaro Obregon in the Chapultepec palace in Mexico City. Below the bust are carved these wise words from General Obregon's philosophy: "Don't be afraid of enemies who attack you. Be afraid of the friends who flatter you." No! No! No! I am not suggesting flattery! Far from it. I'm talking about a new way of life. Let me repeat. I am talking about a new way of life. King George V had a set of six maxims displayed on the walls of his study at Buckingham Palace. One of these maxims said: "Teach me neither to proffer nor receive cheap praise." That's all flattery is - cheap praise. I once read a definition of flattery that may be worth repeating: "Flattery is telling the other person precisely what he thinks about himself." "Use what language you will," said Ralph Waldo Emerson, "you can never say anything but what you are ." If all we had to do was flatter, everybody would catch on and we should all be experts in human relations. When we are not engaged in thinking about some definite problem, we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves. Now, if we stop thinking about ourselves for a while and begin to think of the other person's good points, we won't have to resort to flattery so cheap and false that it can be spotted almost before it is out of the mouth, One of the most neglected virtues of our daily existence is appreciation, Somehow, we neglect to praise our son or daughter when he or she brings home a good report card, and we fail to encourage our children when they first succeed in baking a cake or building a birdhouse. Nothing pleases children more than this kind of parental interest and approval. The next time you enjoy filet mignon at the club, send word to the chef that it was excellently prepared, and when a tired salesperson shows you unusual courtesy, please mention it. Every minister, lecturer and public speaker knows the discouragement of pouring himself or herself out to an audience and not receiving a single ripple of appreciative comment. What applies to professionals applies doubly to workers in offices, shops and factories and our families and friends. In our interpersonal relations we should never forget that all our associates are human beings and hunger for appreciation. It is the legal tender that all souls enjoy. Try leaving a friendly trail of little sparks of gratitude on your daily trips. You will be surprised how they will set small flames of friendship that will be rose beacons on your next visit. Pamela Dunham of New Fairfield, Connecticut, had among her responsibilities on her job the supervision of a janitor who was doing a very poor job.

The other employees would jeer at him and litter the hallways to show him what a bad job he was doing.

It was so bad, productive time was being lost in the shop. Without success, Pam tried various ways to motivate this person. She noticed that occasionally he did a particularly good piece of work. She made a point to praise him for it in front of the other people. Each day the job he did all around got better, and pretty soon he started doing all his work efficiently. Now he does an excellent job and other people give him appreciation and recognition. Honest appreciation got results where criticism and ridicule failed. Hurting people not only does not change them, it is never called for. There is an old saying that I have cut out and pasted on my mirror where I cannot help but see it every day: I shall pass this way but once; any good, therefore, that I can do or any kindness that I can show to any human being, let me do it now. Let me not defer nor neglect it, for I shall not pass this way again. Emerson said: "Every man I meet is my superior in some way, In that, I learn of him." If that was true of Emerson, isn't it likely to be a thousand times more true of you and me? Let's cease thinking of our accomplishments, our wants. Let's try to figure out the other person's good points. Then forget flattery. Give honest, sincere appreciation. Be "hearty in your approbation and lavish in your praise," and people will cherish your words and treasure them and repeat them over a lifetime - repeat them years after you have forgotten them.

• Principle 2 Give honest and sincere appreciation.


(I)Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Part One (1) (1) التقنيات الأساسية في التعامل مع الأشخاص الجزء الأول (1) (I)Grundlegende Techniken im Umgang mit Menschen Teil eins (1) (I)Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Part One (1) (I)Técnicas fundamentales en el trato con las personas Primera parte (1) (I) Techniques fondamentales de gestion des personnes, première partie (1) (I) Tecniche fondamentali nel trattamento delle persone Parte prima (1) （I）人を扱うための基本的なテクニックパート1（1） (I)사람을 대하는 기본 기법 1부 (1) (I)Podstawowe techniki postępowania z ludźmi, część pierwsza (1) (I)Técnicas Fundamentais para Lidar com Pessoas Parte Um (1) (I) Фундаментальные приемы обращения с людьми, часть первая (1) (I)İnsanlarla Başa Çıkmada Temel Teknikler Birinci Bölüm (1) （一）为人处事的基本技巧（一） （一）待人接物基本技巧第一部（一）

Part One - Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Erster Teil - Grundlegende Techniken im Umgang mit Menschen Part One - Fundamental Techniques In Handling People Primera parte - Técnicas fundamentales para tratar con la gente Première partie - Techniques fondamentales de la gestion des personnes 第1部 - 人を扱う際の基本的なテクニック Część pierwsza - podstawowe techniki postępowania z ludźmi Parte I - Técnicas Fundamentais no Tratamento de Pessoas Часть первая - фундаментальные методы обращения с людьми

1 "If You Want To Gather Honey, Don't Kick Over The Beehive" 1 "Wenn Sie Honig sammeln möchten, treten Sie nicht über den Bienenstock 1 "If You Want To Gather Honey, Don't Kick Over The Beehive" 1 "Si quieres recolectar miel, no patees la colmena" 1 "اگر می خواهید عسل جمع کنید ، از روی کندوی لگد لگد نزنید" 1 "Si vous voulez récolter du miel, ne bousillez pas la ruche" 1 "Ha mézet akarsz gyűjteni, ne rúgd át a méhkasat" 1 "Se vuoi raccogliere il miele, non calciare oltre l'alveare" 1「蜜を集めたいならば、蜂の巣を蹴ってはいけない」 1 "Jeśli chcesz zebrać miód, nie kopnij w ulu" 1 "Se você quer colher mel, não chute a colméia" 1 «Если вы хотите собрать мед, не пейте над улей»

On May 7, 1931, the most sensational manhunt New York City had ever known had come to its climax. Am 7. Mai 1931 hatte die sensationellste Menschenjagd, die New York City je erlebt hatte, ihren Höhepunkt erreicht. El 7 de mayo de 1931, la cacería humana más sensacional que había conocido la ciudad de Nueva York había llegado a su punto culminante. Le 7 mai 1931, la chasse à l'homme la plus sensationnelle jamais connue à New York avait atteint son apogée. 1931\. május 7-én elérte a csúcspontját New York City valaha ismert legszenzációsabb üldözése. 1931年5月7日、ニューヨーク市が今まで知っていた最も驚異的なマンハッタンがクライマックスに達しました。 7 maja 1931 r. Najbardziej sensacyjna obława, jaką kiedykolwiek obrał Nowy Jork, osiągnęła punkt kulminacyjny. Em 7 de maio de 1931, a mais sensacional caçada que Nova York conheceu chegara ao seu clímax. 7 мая 1931 года самый сенсационный мэр, который когда-либо знал Нью-Йорк, достиг своего апогея. 7 Mayıs 1931'de New York City'nin gördüğü en sansasyonel insan avı doruğa ulaştı.

After weeks of search, "Two Gun" Crowley - the killer, the gunman who didn't smoke or drink - was at bay, trapped in his sweetheart's apartment on West End Avenue. Po týdnech hledání byl „Dva pistole“ Crowley - zabiják, střelec, který nekouřil ani nepil - uvězněn v pasti v bytě svého miláka na West End Avenue. Nach wochenlanger Suche war "Two Gun" Crowley - der Mörder, der Bewaffnete, der weder rauchte noch trank - in der Wohnung, in der Wohnung seines Schatzes in der West End Avenue. After weeks of search, "Two Gun" Crowley - the killer, the gunman who didn't smoke or drink - was at bay, trapped in his sweetheart's apartment on West End Avenue. Después de semanas de búsqueda, "Two Gun" Crowley, el asesino, el pistolero que no fumaba ni bebía, estaba acorralado, atrapado en el apartamento de su amada en West End Avenue. Après des semaines de recherches, "Two Gun" Crowley - le tueur, le tireur qui ne fumait pas et ne buvait pas - était aux abois, pris au piège dans l'appartement de son amour sur West End Avenue. Hetek óta tartó keresés után "Két fegyver" Crowley - a gyilkos, a fegyveres, aki nem dohányzott és nem ivott - öbölben volt, csapdába esett kedvesének a West End Avenue-i lakásában. Dopo settimane di ricerche, "Two Gun" Crowley - l'assassino, l'uomo armato che non fumava né beveva - era a bada, intrappolato nell'appartamento della sua fidanzata in West End Avenue. 何週間もの探索の後、 "Two Gun" Crowley - たばこを吸ったり飲んだりしなかった殺人者 - が湾にいて、West End Avenueの恋人のアパートに閉じ込められていた。 수 주간의 조사 끝에, 담배를 피우거나 마시지 않은 총잡이 살인범 인 "두 건"크로울리는 웨스트 엔드 애비뉴에있는 연인의 아파트에 갇혀있었습니다. Depois de semanas de busca, "Two Gun" Crowley - o assassino, o atirador que não fumava nem bebia - estava preso no apartamento de sua namorada na West End Avenue. После нескольких недель поиска «Два пистолета» Кроули - убийца, боевик, который не курил и не пил, был в страхе, запертый в квартире его возлюбленной на проспекте Уэст-Энда. 经过数周的搜寻，“两枪”克劳利-杀手，不吸烟或不喝酒的枪手-被困在海湾，被困在他位于西区大街的甜心公寓里。 One hundred and fifty policemen and detectives laid siege to his top floor hideway. Einhundertfünfzig Polizisten und Detektive belagerten sein Versteck im obersten Stockwerk. Ciento cincuenta policías y detectives sitiaron su escondite en el último piso. Cent cinquante policiers et détectives ont assiégé son dernier étage. Centocinquanta poliziotti e investigatori assediarono il suo nascondiglio all'ultimo piano. 150人の警官と刑事が最上階の廊下に包囲された。 Cento e cinquenta policiais e detetives cercaram seu esconderijo no último andar. Сто пятьдесят полицейских и детективов осадили его верхнюю половину. 一百五十名警察和侦探围困在他顶层的走廊上。 They chopped holes in the roof; they tried to smoke out Crowley, the "cop killer," with teargas. Sie schlugen Löcher in das Dach; sie versuchten, Crowley, den »Cop-Killer«, mit Tränengas auszuräuchern. Hicieron agujeros en el techo; intentaron fumar a Crowley, el "asesino de policías", con gas lacrimógeno. Hanno fatto dei buchi nel tetto; hanno cercato di fumare Crowley, il "assassino della polizia", con i gas lacrimogeni. 彼らは屋根の穴を切った。彼らは催涙ガスで "警察の殺人者"であるクローリーを煙草で煙を出そうとしました。 Eles cortaram buracos no telhado; eles tentaram fumar Crowley, o "policial assassino", com gás lacrimogêneo. Они нарезали отверстия в крыше; они пытались выкурить Кроули, «убийцу полицейского», с слезоточивым газом. 他们在屋顶上凿了洞；他们试图用催泪瓦斯熏出“警察杀手”克劳利。 Then they mounted their machine guns on surrounding buildings, and for more than an hour one of New York's fine residential areas reverberated with the crack of pistol fire and the rut-tat-tat of machine guns. ثم نصبوا بنادقهم الآلية على المباني المحيطة، ولأكثر من ساعة ترددت أصداء نيران المسدسات وأصوات المدافع الرشاشة في إحدى المناطق السكنية الجميلة في نيويورك. Dann richteten sie ihre Maschinengewehre auf die umliegenden Gebäude, und mehr als eine Stunde lang hallte in einem der schönen Wohnviertel von New York das Knacken von Pistolenfeuer und das Durcheinander von Maschinengewehren wider. Then they mounted their machine guns on surrounding buildings, and for more than an hour one of New York's fine residential areas reverberated with the crack of pistol fire and the rut-tat-tat of machine guns. Luego montaron sus ametralladoras en los edificios circundantes, y durante más de una hora una de las mejores zonas residenciales de Nueva York retumbó con el chasquido de los disparos de pistola y el rut-tat-tat de las ametralladoras. Poi montarono le loro mitragliatrici sugli edifici circostanti e per più di un'ora una delle belle aree residenziali di New York risuonò del crepitio delle pistole e del rut-tat-tat delle mitragliatrici. それから彼らは彼らの機関銃を周囲の建物に据え付けました、そして1時間以上の間ニューヨークの素晴らしい住宅地の1つはピストルの火の亀裂と機関銃のわだちびとに反響しました。 Em seguida, montaram suas metralhadoras nos prédios ao redor e, por mais de uma hora, uma das belas áreas residenciais de Nova York reverberou com o estalo do fogo da pistola e a rotina das metralhadoras. Затем они установили свои пулеметы на окружающие здания, и более часа один из прекрасных жилых районов Нью-Йорка отразился на трещине пистолетного огня и рутило-тат-пулеметы. 然后他们将机枪安装在周围的建筑物上，一个多小时后，纽约的一个优良住宅区被手枪火的开裂和机枪的ru碰碰声所回荡。 Crowley, crouching behind an over-stuffed chair, fired incessantly at the police. أطلق كراولي، الذي كان يجلس القرفصاء خلف كرسي محشو، النار بشكل متواصل على الشرطة. Crowley, der hinter einem überfüllten Stuhl hockte, feuerte unaufhörlich auf die Polizisten. Crowley, agachado detrás de una silla demasiado mullida, disparaba incesantemente a la policía. Crowley, accovacciato dietro una sedia troppo imbottita, sparò incessantemente alla polizia. クローリーは、詰め過ぎた椅子の後ろにしゃがみ、絶え間なく警察に発砲した。 Crowley, agachado atrás de uma cadeira recheada, disparou incessantemente contra a polícia. Кроули, присевший за переполненным стулом, беспрестанно стрелял в полицию. 克劳利蹲伏在塞满了椅子的椅子后面，不停地向警察开枪。 Ten thousand excited people watched the battle. Zehntausende begeisterte Menschen verfolgten die Schlacht. Diez mil personas emocionadas presenciaron la batalla. 1万人の興奮した人々が戦いを見ました。 Dez mil pessoas animadas assistiram a batalha. Десять тысяч возбужденных людей наблюдали за битвой. 一万激动的人观看了这场战斗。 Nothing like it ever been seen before on the sidewalks of New York. So etwas hat man noch nie auf den Gehsteigen von New York gesehen. Nunca antes se había visto nada parecido en las aceras de Nueva York. Niente di simile mai visto prima sui marciapiedi di New York. ニューヨークの歩道でこれまで見たことのないようなものはありません。 Nada como nunca foi visto antes nas calçadas de Nova York. На тротуарах Нью-Йорка ничего подобного не было. 在纽约的人行道上从未见过这样的事物。

When Crowley was captured, Police Commissioner E. P. Mulrooney declared that the two-gun desperado was one of the most dangerous criminals ever encountered in the history of New York. Als Crowley gefangen genommen wurde, erklärte Polizeikommissar EP Mulrooney, dass der Zwei-Waffen-Desperado einer der gefährlichsten Kriminellen in der Geschichte New Yorks war. Cuando Crowley fue capturado, el comisario de policía E. P. Mulrooney declaró que el forajido de las dos pistolas era uno de los criminales más peligrosos que se habían encontrado en la historia de Nueva York. Lorsque Crowley a été capturé, le commissaire de police E. P. Mulrooney a déclaré que le desperado aux deux pistolets était l'un des criminels les plus dangereux jamais rencontrés dans l'histoire de New York. Amikor Crowley-t elfogták, Mulrooney EP rendőrbiztos kijelentette, hogy a kétfegyveres desperádó az egyik legveszélyesebb bűnöző, akivel valaha találkoztak New York történetében. Crowleyが捕獲されたとき、警察長官EP Mulrooneyは2銃のdesperadoがこれまでニューヨークの歴史の中で遭遇した最も危険な犯罪者のうちの1人であると宣言しました。 Quando Crowley foi capturado, o comissário de polícia EP Mulrooney declarou que o desesperado com duas armas era um dos criminosos mais perigosos já encontrados na história de Nova York. Когда Кроули был схвачен, комиссар полиции Э. П. Малруни заявил, что отчаянный преступник с двумя пистолетами был одним из самых опасных преступников, с которыми когда-либо сталкивались в истории Нью-Йорка. 克劳利被捕时，警察局长EP穆罗尼（EP Mulrooney）宣布，两枪的绝望者是纽约历史上遇到的最危险的罪犯之一。

"He will kill," said the Commissioner, "at the drop of a feather." "Er wird töten", sagte der Kommissar, "im Handumdrehen." "Matará", dijo el Comisario, "a la caída de una pluma". - Meg fog ölni - mondta a biztos -, egy tollcseppnél. "Ucciderà", ha detto il commissario, "in un batter d'occhio". 「彼は殺します」と、コミッショナーは言いました、「羽の一滴で」。 "깃털이 떨어졌을 때 그는 죽일 것이다." "Ele vai matar", disse o comissário, "na queda de uma pena". «Он убьет, - сказал комиссар, - по капле из пера». 专员说：“他会杀人的。” But how did "Two Gun" Crowley regard himself? Aber wie betrachtete sich "Two Gun" Crowley? Pero, ¿cómo se consideraba "Two Gun" Crowley a sí mismo? De hogyan tekintett önmagára a "Két ágyú" Crowley? しかし、 "Two Gun" Crowleyはどうやって自分を考えていたのでしょうか。 Mas como "Two Gun" Crowley se considera? Но как относился к себе «Два пистолета» Кроули? 但“双枪”克劳利如何看待自己呢？ We know, because while the police were firing into his apartment, he wrote a letter addressed "To whom it may concern, " And, as he wrote, the blood flowing from his wounds left a crimson trail on the paper. Wir wissen, denn während die Polizei in seine Wohnung schoss, schrieb er einen Brief an die Adresse "Wen es betrifft", und wie er schrieb, hinterließ das Blut, das aus seinen Wunden floss, eine purpurrote Spur auf dem Papier. Lo sabemos porque, mientras la policía disparaba contra su apartamento, escribió una carta dirigida "A quien corresponda". Y, mientras escribía, la sangre que manaba de sus heridas dejaba un rastro carmesí en el papel. Tudjuk, mert amíg a rendőrök a lakásába lőttek, levelet írt "Kinek vonatkozhat", és mint írta, a sebeiből áramló vér bíbor nyomot hagyott a papíron. Lo sappiamo, perché mentre la polizia sparava nel suo appartamento, ha scritto una lettera indirizzata "A chi può interessare" e, come ha scritto, il sangue che scorreva dalle sue ferite ha lasciato una traccia cremisi sulla carta. 彼が書いたように、彼の書いたように、彼の傷から流れる血が紙の上に深紅色の跡を残したので、警察が彼のアパートに発砲している間、彼は知っています。 Nós sabemos, porque enquanto a polícia estava atirando em seu apartamento, ele escreveu uma carta dirigida "A quem possa interessar", e, como ele escreveu, o sangue que flui de suas feridas deixou uma trilha carmesim no papel. Мы знаем, потому что, пока полиция обстреливала его квартиру, он написал письмо на имя «Кого это может касаться». И, как он писал, кровь, текущая из его ран, оставляла на бумаге малиновый след. 我们之所以知道，是因为当警察向他的公寓开枪时，他写了一封信，写给“可能涉及的人”，正如他所写的那样，从他的伤口流出的血在纸上留下了深红色的痕迹。 In this letter Crowley said: "Under my coat is a weary heart, but a kind one - one that would do nobody any harm. " In diesem Brief sagte Crowley: "Unter meinem Mantel ist ein müdes Herz, aber ein freundliches - eines, das niemandem Schaden zufügen würde." En esta carta Crowley dijo: "Bajo mi abrigo hay un corazón cansado, pero bondadoso - uno que no le haría daño a nadie. " この手紙の中でクロウリーは言った：「私の上着の下には疲れ果てた心がありますが、優しい心は誰にも害を及ぼさないでしょう」 Nesta carta, Crowley disse: "Sob o meu casaco há um coração cansado, mas gentil - um que não faria mal a ninguém". В этом письме Кроули сказал: «Под моим пальто утомленное сердце, но доброе, которое никому не причинит вреда». 克劳利在这封信中说道：“在我的外衣下，是一颗疲惫的心，但却是一颗善良的心——一颗不会伤害任何人的心。”

A short time before this, Crowley had been having a necking party with his girl friend on a country road out on Long Island. Kurz zuvor hatte Crowley mit seiner Freundin auf einer Landstraße auf Long Island eine Necking-Party veranstaltet. Poco antes, Crowley había estado de juerga con su novia en una carretera rural de Long Island. Röviddel ez előtt Crowley nyakkivágást szervezett lány barátjával egy országúton, Long Islanden. Poco tempo prima, Crowley aveva organizzato una festa di sballo con la sua ragazza su una strada di campagna a Long Island. その少し前に、CrowleyはLong Islandの田舎道でガールフレンドとのネッキングパーティーを開いていました。 Pouco antes disso, Crowley estava dando uma festa de beijos com sua namorada em uma estrada rural em Long Island. Незадолго до этого Кроули устроил вечеринку со своей девушкой на проселочной дороге на Лонг-Айленде. 在此之前不久，克劳利（Crowley）与他的女朋友在长岛的一条乡间小路上开了一场缩颈派对。

Suddenly a policeman walked up to the car and said: "Let me see your license." Plötzlich trat ein Polizist an das Auto heran und sagte: "Zeigen Sie mir Ihren Führerschein." De repente, un policía se acercó al coche y dijo: "Déjeme ver su licencia". 突然警官が車に向かって歩いて行き、「あなたの免許証を見せてください」と言った。 De repente, um policial caminhou até o carro e disse: "Deixe-me ver sua licença." Внезапно к машине подошел милиционер и сказал: «Дайте мне посмотреть ваши права». 突然，一名警察走上汽车，对他说：“让我看看你的驾照。” Without saying a word, Crowley drew his gun and cut the policeman down with a shower of lead. Ohne ein Wort zu sagen, zog Crowley seine Waffe und hieb den Polizisten mit einem Schuss Blei nieder. Sin decir una palabra, Crowley desenfundó su pistola y redujo al policía con una lluvia de plomo. Sans dire un mot, Crowley sortit son arme et abattit le policier d'une pluie de plomb. Senza dire una parola, Crowley estrasse la pistola e abbatté il poliziotto con una pioggia di piombo. 一言も言わずに、クローリーは銃を引き、鉛のシャワーで警官を倒した。 Crowley는 한마디도하지 않고 총을 뽑아 경찰관을 납치했습니다. Sem dizer uma palavra, Crowley sacou a arma e cortou o policial com uma chuva de chumbo. Не говоря ни слова, Кроули вытащил пистолет и срезал полицейского ливнем свинца. 克劳利一言不发，拔了枪，用铅水把警察砍了下来。 As the dying officer fell, Crowley leaped out of the car, grabbed the officer's revolver, and fired another bullet into the prostrate body. Als der sterbende Offizier fiel, sprang Crowley aus dem Wagen, packte den Revolver des Offiziers und feuerte eine weitere Kugel in den niedergestreckten Körper. Mientras el agente moribundo caía, Crowley saltó del coche, cogió el revólver del agente y disparó otra bala contra el cuerpo postrado. 死にゆく将校が倒れると、クローリーは車から飛び降り、将校のリボルバーをつかみ、別の弾丸を土台の体に発射した。 Quando o oficial moribundo caiu, Crowley saltou do carro, pegou o revólver do oficial e disparou outra bala no corpo prostrado. Когда умирающий офицер упал, Кроули выскочил из машины, схватил револьвер офицера и выстрелил еще одной пулей в распростертое тело. 当垂死的军官摔倒时，克劳利跳下车，抓住了军官的左轮手枪，并向子弹击中了另一枚子弹。 And that was the killer who said: "Under my coat is a weary heart, but a kind one - one that would do nobody any harm. ' Y ese fue el asesino que dijo: "Bajo mi abrigo hay un corazón cansado, pero bondadoso, uno que no le haría mal a nadie". ' E quello è stato l'assassino che ha detto: "Sotto il mio cappotto c'è un cuore stanco, ma gentile, uno che non farebbe del male a nessuno". そしてそれは、「私のコートの下には疲れた心がありますが、親切なものであり、誰にも害を及ぼさないものです」と言った殺人者でした。 E esse foi o assassino que disse: "Sob o meu casaco há um coração cansado, mas um tipo que não faria mal a ninguém". И это был убийца, который сказал: «Под моим плащом сердце усталое, но доброе — такое, которое никому не причинит вреда». 那是那个杀手，他说：“我的外衣下是疲惫的心，却是一颗善良的心，不会伤害任何人。”

Crowley was sentenced to the electric chair. Crowley wurde zum elektrischen Stuhl verurteilt. Crowley fue condenado a la silla eléctrica. Crowley foi condenado à cadeira elétrica. Кроули приговорили к электрическому стулу. 克劳利被判处电椅。

When he arrived at the death house in Sing Sing, did he say, "This is what I get for killing people"? Als er im Todeshaus in Sing Sing ankam, sagte er: "Das bekomme ich, um Leute zu töten"? Cuando llegó al corredor de la muerte de Sing Sing, ¿dijo: "Esto me pasa por matar gente"? 彼がシンシンの死の家に到着したとき、彼は「これは私が人々を殺すために得るものです」と言いましたか？ Quando ele chegou na casa da morte em Sing Sing, ele disse: "Isso é o que eu ganho por matar pessoas"? Когда он прибыл в дом смерти в Синг-Синге, он сказал: «Вот что я получаю за убийство людей»? 当他到达新新的死亡之家时，他有没有说：“这就是我杀人所得到的报应”？ 他到新新死宅的時候，有沒有說“這就是我殺人所得”？ No, he said: "This is what I get for defending myself." No, dijo: "Esto es lo que me pasa por defenderme". いいえ、彼は言った：「これは私が自分自身を守るために得るものです。」 Não, ele disse: "Isso é o que eu ganho por me defender". Нет, он сказал: «Это то, что я получаю за то, что защищаюсь». The point of the story is this: "Two Gun" Crowley didn't blame himself for anything. Der Sinn der Geschichte ist: "Two Gun" Crowley hat sich für nichts verantwortlich gemacht. El punto de la historia es este: "Two Gun" Crowley no se culpó a sí mismo por nada. 物語の要点はこれです：「2つの銃」クロウリーは何のためにも彼自身を責めませんでした。 O ponto da história é este: "Two Gun" Crowley não se culpou por nada. Суть истории такова: «Два пистолета» Кроули ни в чем себя не винил. 故事的重点是：“两枪”克劳利没有为任何事情自责。 Is that an unusual attitude among criminals? Ist das eine ungewöhnliche Einstellung unter Kriminellen? ¿Es esa una actitud inusual entre los delincuentes? それは犯罪者の間で異常な態度ですか？ Isso é uma atitude incomum entre os criminosos? 这是罪犯中不寻常的态度吗？ If you think so, listen to this: "I have spent the best years of my life giving people the lighter pleasures, helping them have a good time, and all I get is abuse, the existence of a hunted man." Wenn Sie so denken, hören Sie sich das an: "Ich habe die besten Jahre meines Lebens damit verbracht, den Menschen die leichteren Freuden zu schenken, ihnen zu helfen, eine gute Zeit zu haben, und alles, was ich bekomme, ist Missbrauch, die Existenz eines gejagten Mannes." Si lo crees, escucha esto: "He pasado los mejores años de mi vida dando a la gente los placeres más ligeros, ayudándoles a pasar un buen rato, y lo único que obtengo es el abuso, la existencia de un hombre perseguido". Ha úgy gondolja, hallgassa meg ezt: "Életem legjobb éveit töltöttem azzal, hogy könnyebb örömöket adjak az embereknek, segítsek nekik jól érezni magukat, és csak a bántalmazást kapom, a levadászott ember létét." もしそうなら、これに耳を傾けてください：「私は人生で最高の年を人々に軽快な喜びを与え、彼らが楽しい時間を過ごすのを手伝いました。 당신이 그렇게 생각한다면, "나는 사람들에게 더 가벼운 즐거움을주고, 좋은 시간을 보내도록 도와 주었고, 내가받는 모든 것은 학대, 사냥꾼의 존재라는 것입니다." Se você pensa assim, ouça isso: "Passei os melhores anos da minha vida dando às pessoas os prazeres mais leves, ajudando-os a se divertirem, e tudo que consigo é abuso, a existência de um homem caçado". Если вы так думаете, послушайте это: «Я провел лучшие годы своей жизни, даря людям легкие удовольствия, помогая им хорошо провести время, и все, что я получаю, - это оскорбления, существование человека, на которого охотятся». 如果你这么认为，请听听这句话：“我一生中最美好的岁月都花在给人们轻松的快乐上，帮助他们度过美好时光，而我得到的只是虐待，一个被追捕的人的存在。” That's Al Capone speaking. Habla Al Capone. Isso é Al Capone falando. Al Capone在说。 Yes, America's most notorious Public Enemy- the most sinister gang leader who ever shot up Chicago. Ja, Amerikas berüchtigster öffentlicher Feind - der düsterste Bandenführer, der jemals Chicago erschossen hat. Sí, el enemigo público más notorio de Estados Unidos, el líder de pandillas más siniestro que jamás haya disparado en Chicago. Igen, Amerika leghírhedtebb közellensége - a legbűnözőbb bandavezér, aki valaha lelőtt Chicagót. Sì, il nemico pubblico più famoso d'America, il capobanda più sinistro che abbia mai sparato a Chicago. はい、アメリカで最も悪名高い公の敵-これまでシカゴを撃った最も不吉なギャングリーダー。 Sim, o mais famoso Public Enemy da América - o líder de gangue mais sinistro que já subiu em Chicago. 是的，是美国最臭名昭著的公共敌人-曾经袭击芝加哥的最邪恶的帮派头目。 Capone didn't condemn himself. Capone verurteilte sich nicht. Capone no se condenó a sí mismo. Capone nem ítélte el magát. カポネは自分を非難しなかった。 Capone não se condenou. 卡彭并没有谴责自己。 He actually regarded himself as a public benefactor - an unappreciated and misunderstood public benefactor. Er betrachtete sich selbst als öffentlichen Wohltäter - ein nicht gewürdigter und missverstandener öffentlicher Wohltäter. De hecho, se consideraba a sí mismo como un benefactor público, un benefactor público despreciado e incomprendido. 彼は実際、自分を公の恩人、つまり評価されず誤解された公の恩人と見なしていました。 Ele realmente se considerava um benfeitor público - um benfeitor público não reconhecido e mal compreendido.

And so did Dutch Schultz before he crumpled up under gangster bullets in Newark. Und Dutch Schultz auch, bevor er in Newark unter Gangstergeschossen zusammenbrach. Y lo mismo hizo Dutch Schultz antes de que se derrumbara bajo las balas de los gánsteres en Newark. E così ha fatto Dutch Schultz prima di accartocciarsi sotto i proiettili dei gangster a Newark. そして、彼がニューアークでギャングの弾丸の下でくしゃくしゃになる前に、オランダのシュルツもそうでした。 E o mesmo fez Dutch Schultz antes de desabar sob as balas de gângster em Newark. Как и голландец Шульц, прежде чем он скомкал под гангстерскими пулями в Ньюарке. 达奇·舒尔茨 (Dutch Schultz) 也是如此，后来他在纽瓦克被歹徒的子弹击倒。

Dutch Schultz, one of New York's most notorious rats, said in a newspaper interview that he was a public benefactor. Dutch Schultz, eine der berüchtigtsten Ratten New Yorks, sagte in einem Zeitungsinterview, er sei ein öffentlicher Wohltäter. Dutch Schultz, una de las ratas más notorias de Nueva York, dijo en una entrevista con un periódico que era un benefactor público. Holland Schultz, New York egyik leghírhedtebb patkánya egy újsági interjúban elmondta, hogy közhasznú. Dutch Schultz, uno dei topi più famosi di New York, ha dichiarato in un'intervista a un giornale di essere un benefattore pubblico. ニューヨークで最も悪名高いネズミの一人であるダッチ・シュルツは、新聞のインタビューで、彼は公的な恩人だと言った。 Dutch Schultz, um dos ratos mais famosos de Nova York, disse em uma entrevista a um jornal que era um benfeitor público. And he believed it. Y él lo creyó. Et il y croyait. E ele acreditou. I have had some interesting correspondence with Lewis Lawes, who was warden of New York's infamous Sing Sing prison for many years, on this subject, and he declared that "few of the criminals in Sing Sing regard themselves as bad men. Ich hatte einen interessanten Briefwechsel mit Lewis Lawes, der viele Jahre lang Wärter des berüchtigten New Yorker Gefängnisses Sing Sing war, zu diesem Thema, und er erklärte, dass "nur wenige der Kriminellen in Sing Sing sich selbst als schlechte Menschen betrachten. He tenido correspondencia interesante con Lewis Lawes, quien fue director de la infame prisión de Sing Sing de Nueva York durante muchos años, sobre este tema, y declaró que "pocos de los criminales de Sing Sing se consideran malos. Érdekes levelezésem volt Lewis Lawes-szal, aki évek óta New York hírhedt Sing Sing börtönének volt az őrizője, és kijelentette, hogy "a Sing Sing bűnözői közül kevesen tartják rossz embernek magukat. ニューヨークの悪名高いシンシング刑務所の長年にわたって監護していたルイス・ロウズとこの件について興味深いやり取りをしており、彼は「シングシングの犯罪者のなかには自分を悪い男と見なす人はほとんどいない」と宣言した。 Eu tive uma correspondência interessante com Lewis Lawes, que foi diretor da infame prisão Sing Sing de Nova York por muitos anos, sobre esse assunto, e ele declarou que "poucos criminosos em Sing Sing se consideram maus homens". 我与刘易斯·劳斯（Lewis Lawes）有一些有趣的往来，后者在这个问题上被纽约臭名昭著的辛格监狱（Sing Sing）监管了很多年。 They are just as human as you and I. So they rationalize, they explain. Sie sind genauso menschlich wie du und ich. Also rationalisieren sie, erklären sie. Son tan humanos como tú y yo. Así que racionalizan, explican. Ils sont tout aussi humains que vous et moi. Alors ils rationalisent, expliquent-ils. Éppolyan emberek, mint te és én. Tehát racionalizálnak, magyaráznak. 彼らはあなたと私と同じくらい人間的です。だから彼らは合理化し、彼らは説明します。 Eles são tão humanos quanto você e eu. Então, eles racionalizam, eles explicam. 他们和你我一样人性化。 They can tell you why they had to crack a safe or be quick on the trigger finger. Sie können Ihnen sagen, warum sie einen Safe knacken oder schnell am Abzug sein mussten. They can tell you why they had to crack a safe or be quick on the trigger finger. Pueden decirle por qué tuvieron que romper una caja fuerte o ser rápidos en el dedo del gatillo. Ils peuvent vous dire pourquoi ils ont dû casser un coffre-fort ou être rapide sur la détente. Possono dirti perché hanno dovuto rompere una cassaforte o essere veloci sul grilletto. 彼らは、なぜ金庫を割る必要があるのか、人差し指を素早く動かす必要があるのかを教えてくれます。 Eles podem dizer por que tiveram que abrir um cofre ou ser rápido no gatilho. Они могут рассказать вам, почему им пришлось взломать сейф или быть быстрым на спусковом пальце. 他们可以告诉您为什么必须打开保险柜或快速扳动扳机。 Most of them attempt by a form of reasoning, fallacious or logical, to justify their antisocial acts even to themselves, consequently stoutly maintaining that they should never have been imprisoned at all. " Die meisten von ihnen versuchen durch falsche oder logische Argumente, ihre asozialen Handlungen sogar vor sich selbst zu rechtfertigen, und behaupten konsequent, dass sie niemals hätten eingesperrt werden dürfen. " Most of them attempt by a form of reasoning, fallacious or logical, to justify their antisocial acts even to themselves, consequently stoutly maintaining that they should never have been imprisoned at all. " La mayoría de ellos intentan mediante una forma de razonamiento, falaz o lógico, justificar sus actos antisociales incluso ante sí mismos, por lo que sostienen con firmeza que nunca deberían haber sido encarcelados. " La maggior parte di loro tenta con una forma di ragionamento, fallace o logico, di giustificare i propri atti antisociali anche a se stessi, sostenendo di conseguenza fermamente che non avrebbero mai dovuto essere imprigionati. " 彼らのほとんどは、自分自身に対してさえ反社会的行為を正当化しようと、ある種の推論、虚偽または論理によって試みます。 」 대부분의 사람들은 자신의 반사회적 행동을 정당화하기 위해 추론 적이거나 논리적으로 추론의 형태로 시도하며, 결과적으로 결코 투옥되어서는 안된다는 것을 굳게 유지한다. " A maioria deles tenta, por meio de uma forma de raciocínio, falaciosa ou lógica, justificar seus atos anti-sociais até para si mesmos, conseqüentemente sustentando firmemente que nunca deveriam ter sido presos. " 他们中的大多数人都试图以某种谬论或逻辑推理来证明自己的反社会行为甚至是对自己的辩护，因此坚决主张永远不要将他们囚禁。 ”

If Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz, and the desperate men and women behind prison walls don't blame themselves for anything - what about the people with whom you and I come in contact? Wenn Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz und die verzweifelten Männer und Frauen hinter Gefängnismauern sich nichts zuschulden kommen lassen - was ist dann mit den Menschen, mit denen Sie und ich in Kontakt kommen? If Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz, and the desperate men and women behind prison walls don't blame themselves for anything - what about the people with whom you and I come in contact? Si Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz y los hombres y mujeres desesperados detrás de los muros de la prisión no se culpan por nada, ¿qué pasa con las personas con las que usted y yo entramos en contacto? アル・カポネ、「ツー・ガン」クローリー、ダッチ・シュルツ、そして刑務所の壁の向こうにいる絶望的な男性と女性が何も自分のせいにしないなら、あなたと私が接触する人々はどうですか？ Se Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley, Dutch Schultz e os homens e mulheres desesperados atrás dos muros da prisão não se culpam por nada - o que dizer das pessoas com quem você e eu entramos em contato? 如果Al Capone，“两枪”克劳利，荷兰人Schultz和在监狱墙后面绝望的男人和女人不为任何事情怪罪自己-与您和我接触的人呢？

John Wanamaker, founder of the stores that bear his name, once confessed: "I learned thirty years ago that it is foolish to scold. John Wanamaker, der Gründer der Geschäfte, die seinen Namen tragen, gestand einmal: "Ich habe vor dreißig Jahren gelernt, dass es töricht ist, zu schimpfen. John Wanamaker, fundador de las tiendas que llevan su nombre, confesó una vez: “Hace treinta años aprendí que es una tontería regañar. 彼の名前を冠した店の創設者であるジョン・ワナメーカーはかつて次のように告白しました。 John Wanamaker, fundador das lojas que levam seu nome, certa vez confessou: "Aprendi há trinta anos que é tolice repreender. Джон Уонамейкер, основатель магазинов, носящих его имя, однажды признался: «Тридцать лет назад я узнал, что ругать глупо. 以他的名字命名的商店的创始人约翰·沃纳梅克 (John Wanamaker) 曾坦言：“三十年前我就知道责骂是愚蠢的。 I have enough trouble overcoming my own limitations without fretting over the fact that God has not seen fit to distribute evenly the gift of intelligence." Ich habe genug Mühe, meine eigenen Grenzen zu überwinden, ohne mich darüber aufzuregen, dass Gott es nicht für angebracht gehalten hat, die Gabe der Intelligenz gleichmäßig zu verteilen." Ya tengo suficientes problemas para superar mis propias limitaciones sin preocuparme por el hecho de que Dios no ha considerado adecuado distribuir equitativamente el don de la inteligencia". Elég gondom van saját korlátaim legyőzésével anélkül, hogy aggódnék azon a tényen, hogy Isten nem látta indokoltnak az intelligencia ajándékának egyenletes elosztását. " 神が知性の賜物を均等に分配するのにふさわしくないという事実を心配することなく、自分の限界を克服するのに十分な苦労があります。」 나는 하나님 께서 지능의 선물을 골고루 분배하기에 적합하지 않다는 사실을 염려하지 않고 내 자신의 한계를 극복하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있습니다. " Já tenho problemas suficientes para superar minhas próprias limitações sem me preocupar com o fato de que Deus não achou por bem distribuir igualmente o dom da inteligência. " У меня достаточно проблем, чтобы преодолеть свои собственные ограничения, не беспокоясь о том, что Бог не счел нужным равномерно распределять дар разума ». 在克服自己的局限性的同时，我有足够的麻烦而又不担心上帝认为不合适分配智力的礼物这一事实。” Wanamaker learned this lesson early, but I personally had to blunder through this old world for a third of a century before it even began to dawn upon me that ninety-nine times out of a hundred, people don't criticize themselves for anything, no matter how wrong it may be. Wanamaker hat diese Lektion früh gelernt, aber ich persönlich musste ein Dritteljahrhundert lang durch diese alte Welt stolpern, bevor mir überhaupt dämmerte, dass man sich in neunundneunzig von hundert Fällen nicht selbst für irgendetwas kritisiert, ganz gleich, wie falsch es sein mag. Wanamaker aprendió esta lección temprano, pero yo personalmente tuve que dar vueltas en este viejo mundo durante un tercio de siglo antes de que comenzara a darme cuenta de que el noventa y nueve de cada cien veces, la gente no se critica a sí misma por nada, no. importa lo equivocado que pueda estar. Wanamaker korán megtanulta ezt a leckét, de nekem személy szerint egy évszázadon keresztül végig kellett vicsorítanom ezt a régi világot, mire az eszembe jutott, hogy százból kilencvenkilencszer az emberek semmit sem kritizálnak, nem akármilyen tévedés is lehet. Wanamaker ha imparato presto questa lezione, ma personalmente ho dovuto vagare in questo vecchio mondo per un terzo di secolo prima ancora che cominciasse a rendermi conto che novantanove volte su cento le persone non si criticano per niente, no importa quanto possa essere sbagliato. ワナメーカーはこのレッスンを早く学びましたが、私は個人的にこの古い世界を3世紀間失敗しなければなりませんでした。どんなに間違っているかもしれません。 와나 메이커 (Wanamaker)는이 교훈을 일찍 배웠지 만, 개인적으로이 구세계를 3 세기 동안 실수로 몰아 치기 시작했습니다. 그것이 얼마나 잘못되었을 수 있습니다. Wanamaker aprendeu esta lição cedo, mas eu pessoalmente tive que tropeçar neste velho mundo por um terço de século antes mesmo de começar a perceber que noventa e nove em cem vezes, as pessoas não se criticam por nada, não importa o quão errado possa ser. Ванамейкер рано усвоил этот урок, но мне лично пришлось провалиться в этом старом мире за треть столетия, прежде чем он даже начал осознавать, что в девяносто девяти случаях из ста люди не критикуют себя ни за что, Неважно, как это неправильно.

Criticism is futile because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him strive to justify himself. Kritik ist zwecklos, weil sie einen Menschen in die Defensive drängt und ihn meist dazu bringt, sich zu rechtfertigen. La crítica es inútil porque pone a la persona a la defensiva y suele hacer que se esfuerce por justificarse. A kritika hiábavaló, mert védekezésbe helyezi az embert, és általában arra törekszik, hogy igazolja önmagát. 批判は無防備です。なぜなら、それは人を防御的にさせ、通常は自分を正当化しようと努力させるからです。 A crítica é fútil porque coloca a pessoa na defensiva e geralmente a faz se esforçar para se justificar. 批评是徒劳的，因为它使一个人处于防御状态，通常会使他努力为自己辩护。

Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a person's precious pride, hurts his sense of importance, and arouses resentment. Kritik ist gefährlich, weil sie den kostbaren Stolz eines Menschen verletzt, sein Gefühl der Wichtigkeit verletzt und Ressentiments hervorruft. La crítica es peligrosa, porque hiere el preciado orgullo de una persona, lastima su sentido de la importancia y despierta resentimiento. A kritika veszélyes, mert megsebesíti az ember értékes büszkeségét, sérti fontosságát és neheztelést vált ki. 批判は危険です。なぜなら、それは人の貴重なプライドを傷つけ、彼の重要性を傷つけ、resを引き起こすからです。 A crítica é perigosa porque fere o precioso orgulho da pessoa, fere seu senso de importância e desperta ressentimento. B. F. Skinner, the world-famous psychologist, proved through his experiments that an animal rewarded for good behavior will learn much more rapidly and retain what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior. B. F. Skinner, der weltberühmte Psychologe, bewies durch seine Experimente, dass ein Tier, das für gutes Verhalten belohnt wird, viel schneller lernt und das Gelernte viel besser behält als ein Tier, das für schlechtes Verhalten bestraft wird. B. F. Skinner, the world-famous psychologist, proved through his experiments that an animal rewarded for good behavior will learn much more rapidly and retain what it learns far more effectively than an animal punished for bad behavior. B. F. Skinner, el psicólogo más famoso del mundo, demostró mediante sus experimentos que un animal recompensado por su buen comportamiento aprenderá mucho más rápido y retendrá lo aprendido de forma mucho más eficaz que un animal castigado por su mal comportamiento. 世界的に有名な心理学者であるBFスキナーは、良い行動に報いる動物は、悪い行動で罰する動物よりもはるかに迅速に学習し、学んだことをはるかに効果的に保持することを実験で証明しました。 BF Skinner, o psicólogo mundialmente famoso, provou por meio de seus experimentos que um animal recompensado por bom comportamento aprenderá muito mais rapidamente e reterá o que aprende com muito mais eficácia do que um animal punido por mau comportamento. Later studies have shown that the same applies to humans. Estudios posteriores han demostrado que lo mismo ocurre con los seres humanos. Későbbi vizsgálatok kimutatták, hogy ugyanez vonatkozik az emberekre is. 後の研究では、同じことが人間にも当てはまることが示されています。 Estudos posteriores mostraram que o mesmo se aplica a humanos. By criticizing, we do not make lasting changes and often incur resentment. Wenn wir kritisieren, bewirken wir keine dauerhaften Veränderungen und rufen oft Unmut hervor. Criticando no conseguimos cambios duraderos y a menudo provocamos resentimiento. Kritikával nem hajtunk végre tartós változásokat, és gyakran neheztelünk. 批判することで、私たちは永続的な変更を加えず、しばしばresみを抱きます。 Ao criticar, não fazemos mudanças duradouras e muitas vezes incorremos em ressentimentos. Критикуя, мы не делаем долгосрочных изменений и часто подвергаемся обиде. 通过批评，我们不会做出持久的改变，并且经常引起怨恨。

Hans Selye, another great psychologist, said, "As much as we thirst for approval, we dread condemnation," The resentment that criticism engenders can demoralize employees, family members and friends, and still not correct the situation that has been condemned. Hans Selye, ein weiterer großer Psychologe, sagte: "So sehr wir uns nach Anerkennung sehnen, so sehr fürchten wir die Verurteilung". Der Groll, den die Kritik hervorruft, kann Mitarbeiter, Familienmitglieder und Freunde demoralisieren, ohne dass die Situation, die verurteilt wurde, verbessert wird. Hans Selye, otro gran psicólogo, dijo: "Por mucho que tengamos sed de aprobación, tememos la condena". El resentimiento que engendra la crítica puede desmoralizar a empleados, familiares y amigos, y aun así no corregir la situación condenada. 別の偉大な心理学者のハンス・セリーは、「私たちは承認を渇望するのと同じくらい、非難を恐れます」と批判しました。 Hans Selye, outro grande psicólogo, disse: "Por mais que tenhamos sede de aprovação, tememos a condenação". O ressentimento que a crítica gera pode desmoralizar funcionários, familiares e amigos, e ainda assim não corrigir a situação que foi condenada. Ханс Селье, другой великий психолог, сказал: «Столько, сколько мы жаждем одобрения, мы боимся осуждения». Обида, которую вызывает критика, может деморализовать сотрудников, членов семьи и друзей, и все же не исправить ситуацию, которая была осуждена.

George B. Johnston of Enid, Oklahoma, is the safety coordinator for an engineering company, One of his responsibilities is to see that employees wear their hard hats whenever they are on the job in the field. George B. Johnston aus Enid, Oklahoma, ist Sicherheitskoordinator eines Ingenieurbüros. Zu seinen Aufgaben gehört es, dafür zu sorgen, dass die Mitarbeiter ihre Schutzhelme tragen, wenn sie im Außendienst tätig sind. George B. Johnston, de Enid (Oklahoma), es coordinador de seguridad de una empresa de ingeniería. Una de sus responsabilidades es asegurarse de que los empleados lleven puesto el casco siempre que trabajen sobre el terreno. オクラホマ州イーニッドのジョージB.ジョンストンは、エンジニアリング会社の安全コーディネーターです。彼の責任の1つは、現場で仕事をしているときは常に従業員がヘルメットをかぶっていることを確認することです。 George B. Johnston, de Enid, Oklahoma, é o coordenador de segurança de uma empresa de engenharia. Uma de suas responsabilidades é fazer com que os funcionários usem seu capacete sempre que estiverem trabalhando no campo. He reported that whenever he came across workers who were not wearing hard hats, he would tell them with a lot of authority of the regulation and that they must comply. Informó de que siempre que se cruzaba con trabajadores que no llevaban casco, les informaba con mucha autoridad de la normativa y de que debían cumplirla. 彼は、ヘルメットをかぶっていない労働者に出会ったときはいつでも、規制の多くの権限を彼らに伝え、彼らは従わなければならないと報告した。 Ele relatou que sempre que encontrava trabalhadores que não usavam capacete, dizia-lhes com muita autoridade sobre o regulamento e que eles deveriam cumprir. 他报告说，每当遇到不戴安全帽的工人时，他都会告诉他们该法规有很多权威，他们必须遵守。 As a result he would get sullen acceptance, and often after he left, the workers would remove the hats. Como resultado, obtenía una aceptación hosca y, a menudo, cuando se marchaba, los trabajadores le quitaban los sombreros. その結果、彼は不機嫌に受け入れられ、しばしば彼が去った後、労働者は帽子を外しました。 Como resultado, ele obteria uma aceitação taciturna e, muitas vezes, depois de partir, os trabalhadores removiam os chapéus. В результате его принимали угрюмо, и часто после его ухода рабочие снимали шляпы. 结果，他会得到闷闷不乐的接受，而且常常在他离开后，工人们会把帽子摘掉。 He decided to try a different approach. Decidió probar un enfoque diferente. Ele decidiu tentar uma abordagem diferente. The next time he found some of the workers not wearing their hard hat, he asked if the hats were uncomfortable or did not fit properly. Als er das nächste Mal feststellte, dass einige der Arbeiter ihren Schutzhelm nicht trugen, fragte er, ob die Hüte unbequem seien oder nicht richtig säßen. La siguiente vez que vio que alguno de los trabajadores no llevaba puesto el casco, le preguntó si los cascos le resultaban incómodos o no le quedaban bien. 次に、労働者の何人かがハード帽子をかぶっていないのを見つけたとき、彼は帽子が不快であるか適切に合わないかを尋ねました。 Na próxima vez que ele encontrou alguns dos trabalhadores sem seus capacetes, perguntou se os chapéus eram desconfortáveis ou não cabiam corretamente. Then he reminded the men in a pleasant tone of voice that the hat was designed to protect them from injury and suggested that it always be worn on the job. Luego recordó a los hombres con un tono de voz agradable que el sombrero estaba diseñado para protegerles de lesiones y sugirió que lo llevaran siempre en el trabajo. それから彼は、帽子が怪我から保護するために設計されていることを男性の心地よい声で思い出させ、常に仕事で着用することを提案しました。 Em seguida, ele lembrou aos homens, em um tom de voz agradável, que o chapéu foi projetado para protegê-los de ferimentos e sugeriu que sempre fosse usado no trabalho. The result was increased compliance with the regulation with no resentment or emotional upset. El resultado fue un mayor cumplimiento de la normativa sin resentimientos ni alteraciones emocionales. その結果、regulationみや感情的な動揺のない規制へのコンプライアンスが向上しました。 O resultado foi uma maior conformidade com o regulamento, sem ressentimento ou perturbação emocional.

You will find examples of the futility of criticism bristling on a thousand pages of history, Take, for example, the famous quarrel between Theodore Roosevelt and President Taft - a quarrel that split the Republican party, put Woodrow Wilson in the White House, and wrote bold, luminous lines across the First World War and altered the flow of history. Beispiele für die Vergeblichkeit der Kritik finden Sie auf tausend Seiten der Geschichte. Nehmen Sie zum Beispiel den berühmten Streit zwischen Theodore Roosevelt und Präsident Taft - ein Streit, der die republikanische Partei spaltete, Woodrow Wilson ins Weiße Haus brachte, den Ersten Weltkrieg mit kühnen, leuchtenden Linien überschrieb und den Lauf der Geschichte veränderte. You will find examples of the futility of criticism bristling on a thousand pages of history, Take, for example, the famous quarrel between Theodore Roosevelt and President Taft - a quarrel that split the Republican party, put Woodrow Wilson in the White House, and wrote bold, luminous lines across the First World War and altered the flow of history. Encontrará ejemplos de la inutilidad de la crítica erizados en mil páginas de la historia. Tomemos, por ejemplo, la famosa disputa entre Theodore Roosevelt y el Presidente Taft, una disputa que dividió al partido republicano, puso a Woodrow Wilson en la Casa Blanca y escribió líneas audaces y luminosas sobre la Primera Guerra Mundial y alteró el curso de la historia. Você encontrará exemplos da futilidade da crítica eriçadas em mil páginas de história. Tomemos, por exemplo, a famosa disputa entre Theodore Roosevelt e o presidente Taft - uma disputa que dividiu o Partido Republicano, colocou Woodrow Wilson na Casa Branca e escreveu linhas ousadas e luminosas ao longo da Primeira Guerra Mundial e alteraram o fluxo da história. Вы найдете примеры бесполезности критики, изобилующей тысячами страниц истории. Возьмите, например, знаменитую ссору между Теодором Рузвельтом и президентом Тафтом - ссору, которая расколола Республиканскую партию, посадили Вудро Вильсона в Белый дом и написали смелые, светящиеся линии через Первую мировую войну и изменили ход истории. 您可以在一千多年的历史中找到批评无济于事的例子，例如，西奥多·罗斯福与塔夫脱总统之间的著名争吵-分裂共和党的争吵，把伍德罗·威尔逊放在白宫，并写了第一次世界大战中大胆，发光的线条改变了历史的流向。

Let's review the facts quickly. Repasemos rápidamente los hechos. 事実をすぐに確認しましょう。 Vamos rever os fatos rapidamente. When Theodore Roosevelt stepped out of the White House in 1908, he supported Taft, who was elected President. Cuando Theodore Roosevelt abandonó la Casa Blanca en 1908, apoyó a Taft, que fue elegido Presidente. Quando Theodore Roosevelt saiu da Casa Branca em 1908, ele apoiou Taft, que foi eleito presidente. Then Theodore Roosevelt went off to Africa to shoot lions. Luego Theodore Roosevelt se fue a África a cazar leones. その後、セオドア・ルーズベルトはライオンを撃つためにアフリカに出かけました。 Então Theodore Roosevelt foi para a África para atirar em leões. 然后西奥多·罗斯福前往非洲射杀狮子。 When he returned, he exploded. Cuando volvió, explotó. 彼が戻ったとき、彼は爆発した。 Quando voltou, explodiu. Когда он вернулся, он взорвался. 当他回来时，他爆炸了。 He denounced Taft for his conservatism, tried to secure the nomination for a third term himself, formed the Bull Moose party, and all but demolished the G.O.P. Er verurteilte Taft wegen seines Konservatismus, versuchte, sich selbst die Nominierung für eine dritte Amtszeit zu sichern, gründete die Bull Moose-Partei und zerstörte die GOP so gut wie Denunció a Taft por su conservadurismo, intentó asegurarse él mismo la nominación para un tercer mandato, formó el partido Bull Moose y prácticamente demolió el G.O.P. 彼は保守主義のためにタフトを非難し、自分自身で3期目の指名を確保しようとし、ブルムース党を結成し、GOPをほとんど破壊した Ele denunciou Taft por seu conservadorismo, tentou ele mesmo garantir a indicação para um terceiro mandato, formou o partido Bull Moose e quase demoliu o Partido Republicano Он осудил Тафта за его консерватизм, попытался сам выдвинуть кандидатуру на третий срок, сформировал партию Булл-лося и почти снес сул 他谴责塔夫脱的保守主义，试图自己获得第三个任期的提名，组建了布尔穆斯党，几乎摧毁了共和党 In the election that followed, William Howard Taft and the Republican party carried only two states - Vermont and Utah. En las elecciones siguientes, William Howard Taft y el Partido Republicano sólo ganaron en dos estados: Vermont y Utah. その後の選挙で、ウィリアム・ハワード・タフトと共和党は、バーモント州とユタ州の2州のみを運んだ。 Na eleição que se seguiu, William Howard Taft e o partido Republicano conquistaram apenas dois estados - Vermont e Utah. На последующих выборах Уильям Ховард Тафт и Республиканская партия имели только два штата - Вермонт и Юта. 在随后的选举中，威廉·霍华德·塔夫脱和共和党只赢得了两个州——佛蒙特州和犹他州。 The most disastrous defeat the party had ever known. La derrota más desastrosa que el partido había conocido. 党がこれまでに知っていた最も悲惨な敗北。 A derrota mais desastrosa que o partido já conheceu. Theodore Roosevelt blamed Taft, but did President Taft blame himself? Theodore Roosevelt culpó a Taft, pero ¿se culpó el presidente Taft a sí mismo? Theodore Roosevelt culpou Taft, mas será que o presidente Taft culpou a si mesmo? Of course not, With tears in his eyes, Taft said: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have." Por supuesto que no, con lágrimas en los ojos, Taft dijo: "No veo cómo podría haber hecho algo diferente de lo que he hecho". もちろんそうではありません。彼の目に涙を浮かべて、タフトはこう言いました。 Claro que não. Com lágrimas nos olhos, Taft disse: "Não vejo como poderia ter feito algo diferente do que fiz." Who was to blame? ¿Quién tuvo la culpa? 誰が非難するのですか？ Quem foi o culpado? Roosevelt or Taft? ¿Roosevelt o Taft? Frankly, I don't know, and I don't care. Francamente, no lo sé y no me importa. 率直に言って、私は知りません、私は気にしません。 Francamente, não sei e não me importo. The point I am trying to make is that all of Theodore Roosevelt's criticism didn't persuade Taft that he was wrong. Lo que intento decir es que todas las críticas de Theodore Roosevelt no persuadieron a Taft de que estaba equivocado. 私がやろうとしているのは、セオドア・ルーズベルトの批判のすべてが、タフトが間違っていると説得したわけではないということです。 O que estou tentando enfatizar é que todas as críticas de Theodore Roosevelt não persuadiram Taft de que ele estava errado. 我想说的一点是，西奥多·罗斯福的所有批评并没有让塔夫脱相信他错了。 It merely made Taft strive to justify himself and to reiterate with tears in his eyes: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have. " Das brachte Taft nur dazu, sich zu rechtfertigen und mit Tränen in den Augen zu wiederholen: "Ich wüsste nicht, wie ich etwas anderes hätte tun können als das, was ich getan habe. " Sólo hizo que Taft se esforzara por justificarse y reiterara con lágrimas en los ojos: "No veo cómo podría haber hecho algo diferente de lo que he hecho. " タフトは自分を正当化し、彼の目に涙を浮かべて繰り返そうと努力しただけです。 Isso simplesmente fez Taft se esforçar para se justificar e reiterar com lágrimas nos olhos: "Não vejo como poderia ter feito algo diferente do que fiz." Это просто заставило Тафта попытаться оправдать себя и повторить со слезами на глазах: «Я не понимаю, как я мог бы поступить иначе, чем я» 这仅仅是让塔夫脱努力为自己辩护，并在眼里含着泪重申：“我看不出我能做些什么与我所拥有的有所不同。”

Or, take the Teapot Dome oil scandal. O, por ejemplo, el escándalo petrolífero de Teapot Dome. Ou encore, prenez le scandale de l'huile de théière Dome. または、ティーポットドームオイルスキャンダルを取ります。 Ou veja o escândalo do óleo do Teapot Dome. Или возьмем нефтяной скандал с Teapot Dome.

It kept the newspapers ringing with indignation in the early 1920s. Es ließ die Zeitungen Anfang der 1920er Jahre vor Empörung klingeln. A principios de los años veinte, la indignación resonaba en los periódicos. Au début des années 1920, les journaux sonnaient avec indignation. 1920年代初頭、新聞はinりに満ちていました。 Isso manteve os jornais vibrando de indignação no início dos anos 1920. В начале 1920-х годов газеты продолжали звонить с негодованием. It rocked the nation! Das hat die Nation erschüttert! Conmocionó a la nación. Ça a secoué la nation! それは国を揺るがしました！ Isso abalou a nação! Это потрясло нацию! 它震撼了整个国家！ Within the memory of living men, nothing like it had ever happened before in American public life. Seit Menschengedenken war so etwas im öffentlichen Leben der USA noch nie vorgekommen. Que recuerden los hombres vivos, nunca había ocurrido nada parecido en la vida pública estadounidense. Dans la mémoire des hommes vivants, rien de tel n’était jamais arrivé auparavant dans la vie publique américaine. 生きている男性の記憶の中で、アメリカの公的生活でこれまでに起こったことはありませんでした。 Na memória dos homens vivos, nada como jamais acontecera antes na vida pública americana. 在活着的人们的记忆中，没有像美国公共生活中发生过的那样的事情。 Here are the bare facts of the scandal: Albert B. Fall, secretary of the interior in Harding's cabinet, was entrusted with the leasing of government oil reserves at Elk Hill and Teapot Dome - oil reserves that had been set aside for the future use of the Navy. Hier sind die nackten Fakten des Skandals: Albert B. Fall, Innenminister in Hardings Kabinett, war mit der Verpachtung der staatlichen Ölreserven in Elk Hill und Teapot Dome betraut - Ölreserven, die für die künftige Nutzung durch die Marine vorgesehen waren. He aquí los hechos escuetos del escándalo: Albert B. Fall, secretario del Interior en el gabinete de Harding, recibió el encargo de arrendar las reservas de petróleo del gobierno en Elk Hill y Teapot Dome, reservas de petróleo que se habían reservado para el futuro uso de la Marina. Albert B. Fall, secrétaire de l’Intérieur du cabinet Harding, a été chargé de la location des réserves de pétrole du gouvernement à Elk Hill et à Teapot Dome - des réserves de pétrole réservées à l’utilisation future de la marine. スキャンディングの裸の事実は次のとおりです。アルバートB.フォール、ハーディングの内閣の秘書は、エルクヒルとティーポットドームでの政府の石油埋蔵のリースを委託されました。海軍。 Aqui estão os fatos do escândalo: Albert B. Fall, secretário do interior do gabinete de Harding, foi encarregado do arrendamento das reservas de petróleo do governo em Elk Hill e Teapot Dome - reservas de petróleo que haviam sido reservadas para uso futuro de a Marinha. 以下是该丑闻的全部事实：哈丁内阁内政部长阿尔伯特·B·法尔受命租赁Elk Hill和Teapot Dome的政府石油储备，这些石油已被留作将来使用海军。 Did secretary Fall permit competitive bidding? Hat Sekretärin Fall Ausschreibungen erlaubt? ¿Permitió el secretario Fall una licitación competitiva? La secrétaire Fall at-elle permis les enchères concurrentielles? 秋の秘書は競争入札を許可しましたか？ O secretário Fall permitiu licitações? Разрешил ли секретарь Fall конкурсные торги? No sir. No, señor. He handed the fat, juicy contract outright to his friend Edward L. Doheny. Er überreichte den fetten, saftigen Vertrag direkt seinem Freund Edward L. Doheny. Entregó el jugoso contrato a su amigo Edward L. Doheny. Il a remis le contrat gros et juteux à son ami Edward L. Doheny. 彼は彼の友人であるエドワード・L・ドヘニーに太くてジューシーな契約を完全に手渡しました。 Ele entregou o contrato gordo e suculento imediatamente a seu amigo Edward L. Doheny. Он передал толстый, сочный контракт прямо своему другу Эдварду Л. Доэни. 他把丰厚多汁的合同直接交给了他的朋友爱德华·多尼（Edward L. Doheny）。 And what did Doheny do? ¿Y qué hizo Doheny? Et qu'a fait Doheny? そして、ドヘニーは何をしましたか？ E o que Doheny fez? He gave Secretary Fall what he was pleased to call a "loan" of one hundred thousand dollars. Er gab Sekretär Fall, was er gerne als „Darlehen“ von hunderttausend Dollar bezeichnete. Le dio al Secretario Fall lo que se complació en llamar un "préstamo" de cien mil dólares. Il a donné au secrétaire Fall ce qu’il a eu le plaisir d’appeler un «prêt» de cent mille dollars. 彼はフォール長官に、10万ドルの「ローン」と呼んでうれしいことを伝えました。 Ele deu ao secretário Fall o que teve o prazer de chamar de "empréstimo" de cem mil dólares. Он дал секретарю Фоллу то, что он с удовольствием назвал «займом» в сто тысяч долларов. 他向法尔部长提供了他乐意称之为“贷款”的十万美元。 Then, in a high-handed manner, Secretary Fall ordered United States Marines into the district to drive off competitors whose adjacent wells were sapping oil out of the Elk Hill reserves. Dann befahl Sekretärin Fall selbstherrlich den US-Marines, in den Distrikt einzudringen, um Konkurrenten zu vertreiben, deren benachbarte Bohrlöcher Öl aus den Reserven von Elk Hill schöpften. Luego, de forma prepotente, el secretario Fall ordenó a los marines de Estados Unidos que entraran en el distrito para ahuyentar a los competidores cuyos pozos adyacentes estaban extrayendo petróleo de las reservas de Elk Hill. Ensuite, le secrétaire américain Fall a ordonné aux Marines des États-Unis d'entrer dans le district afin de chasser les concurrents dont les puits adjacents saperaient le pétrole des réserves d'Elk Hill. その後、フォール長官は、米海兵隊にエルクヒル保護区から隣接する井戸から石油を採掘している競合他社を追い払うよう、アメリカ海兵隊に命令しました。 그런 다음, 낙타 장관은 미국 해병대를 지구로 파견하여 인근 우물이 엘크 힐 매장지에서 기름을 쏟아 부은 경쟁 업체를 몰아 내라고 명령했습니다. Então, de maneira arrogante, o secretário Fall ordenou que os fuzileiros navais dos Estados Unidos entrassem no distrito para expulsar os concorrentes cujos poços adjacentes estavam minando o petróleo das reservas de Elk Hill. Затем госсекретарь Фолл властно приказал морским пехотинцам Соединенных Штатов войти в район, чтобы отогнать конкурентов, чьи соседние скважины высасывали нефть из запасов Элк-Хилл. 然后，法尔部长以高压的方式命令美国海军陆战队进入该地区，驱逐邻近油井正在榨取麋鹿山储备石油的竞争对手。 These competitors, driven off their ground at the ends of guns and bayonets, rushed into court - and blew the lid off the Teapot Dome scandal. Diese Konkurrenten, die mit Gewehren und Bajonetten aus dem Boden gestampft wurden, stürmten vor Gericht - und brachten den Teapot-Dome-Skandal ans Tageslicht. Estos competidores, expulsados de su terreno a punta de fusil y bayoneta, se precipitaron a los tribunales y destaparon el escándalo de la Teapot Dome. Ces concurrents, chassés du sol par les armes et les baïonnettes, se sont précipités vers le tribunal - et ont mis le feu aux poudres du scandale Teapot Dome. 銃と銃剣の端で地面から追い出されたこれらの競技者は法廷に駆け込み、ティーポットドームスキャンダルの蓋を吹き飛ばした。 이 경쟁자들은 총과 총검의 끝에서 자신의 땅을 벗어 났고, 법정으로 달려 가서 주전자 돔 스캔들에서 뚜껑을 날려 버렸습니다. Esses concorrentes, lançados fora de seu terreno com armas e baionetas, correram para o tribunal - e explodiram o escândalo do Teapot Dome. 这些竞争者被枪和刺刀逼离了阵地，冲进法庭，揭露了茶壶穹顶丑闻。 A stench arose so vile that it ruined the Harding Administration, nauseated an entire nation, threatened to wreck the Republican party, and put Albert B. Fall behind prison bars. Ein so widerlicher Gestank stieg auf, dass er die Harding-Administration ruinierte, einer ganzen Nation Übelkeit bereitete, drohte, die Republikanische Partei zu ruinieren, und Albert B. Fall hinter Gitter brachte. Surgió un hedor tan vil que arruinó la Administración Harding, provocó náuseas a toda una nación, amenazó con hundir el partido republicano y puso a Albert B. Fall entre rejas. Une odeur nauséabonde est apparue au point de ruiner l’administration Harding, de provoquer la nausée de toute une nation, de menacer de détruire le parti républicain et de placer Albert B. Fall derrière les barreaux de la prison. 悪臭がひどく発生したため、ハーディング政権を破滅させ、全国民を吐き出し、共和党を破壊すると脅し、アルバートBを刑務所の裏に追いやった。 Um fedor subiu tão horrível que arruinou a administração Harding, enjoou uma nação inteira, ameaçou destruir o Partido Republicano e colocar Albert B. Fall atrás das grades.

Fall was condemned viciously - condemned as few men in public life have ever been. Der Sturz wurde brutal verurteilt – verurteilt, wie es nur wenige Männer im öffentlichen Leben je waren. Fall fue condenado vilmente - condenado como pocos hombres en la vida pública lo han sido jamás. 秋は悪質に非難されました-公生活でこれまでにほとんど男性がいなかったとして非難されました。 가을은 악의적으로 정죄되었습니다. Fall foi condenado cruelmente - condenado como poucos homens na vida pública o foram. Падение было осуждено жестоко — осуждено так мало людей в общественной жизни.

Did he repent? ¿Se arrepintió? Ele se arrependeu? 他悔改了吗？ Never! ¡Nunca! Nunca! Years later Herbert Hoover intimated in a public speech that President Harding's death had been due to mental anxiety and worry because a friend had betrayed him. Jahre später deutete Herbert Hoover in einer öffentlichen Rede an, dass der Tod von Präsident Harding auf geistige Angst und Sorge zurückzuführen sei, weil ein Freund ihn verraten habe. Años más tarde, Herbert Hoover insinuó en un discurso público que la muerte del presidente Harding se había debido a ansiedad mental y preocupación porque un amigo le había traicionado. 数年後、ハーバート・フーバーは、ハーディング大統領の死は友人が彼を裏切ったために精神的な不安と心配が原因であったと公開スピーチで親しんだ。 Anos mais tarde, Herbert Hoover deu a entender em um discurso público que a morte do presidente Harding fora devido à ansiedade mental e à preocupação porque um amigo o havia traído. When Mrs. Fall heard that, she sprang from her chair, she wept, she shook her fists at fate and screamed: "What! Als Frau Fall das hörte, sprang sie von ihrem Stuhl auf, weinte, schlug mit den Fäusten auf das Schicksal ein und schrie: "Was! Cuando la señora Fall oyó eso, saltó de su silla, lloró, sacudió los puños contra el destino y gritó: "¡Qué! フォール夫人がそれを聞いたとき、彼女は椅子から飛び出し、泣き、運命に拳を振り、叫んだ。 Quando a Sra. Fall ouviu isso, ela pulou da cadeira, ela chorou, ela balançou os punhos para o destino e gritou: "O quê! 当Fall太太听到这一消息时，她从椅子上跳了起来，哭了，她的拳头因命运而摇了摇，然后尖叫：“什么！ Harding betrayed by Fall? ¿Harding traicionado por Fall? 秋に裏切られたハーディング？ Harding traído pelo outono? No! ¡No! My husband never betrayed anyone. Mi marido nunca traicionó a nadie. Meu marido nunca traiu ninguém. This whole house full of gold would not tempt my husband to do wrong. Toda esta casa llena de oro no tentaría a mi marido a hacer el mal. 금으로 가득 찬이 온 집은 남편이 잘못하려고 유혹하지 않을 것입니다. Esta casa inteira cheia de ouro não tentaria meu marido a cometer erros. He is the one who has been betrayed and led to the slaughter and crucified." Er ist derjenige, der verraten, zur Schlachtbank geführt und gekreuzigt wurde." Él es el que ha sido traicionado, llevado al matadero y crucificado". C'est lui qui a été trahi et conduit à la tuerie et crucifié. " 彼は裏切られて虐殺され、十字架につけられた人です。」 Ele é aquele que foi traído e levado ao massacre e crucificado. " There you are; human nature in action, wrongdoers, blaming everybody but themselves. Ahí está: la naturaleza humana en acción, los malhechores, culpando a todo el mundo menos a sí mismos. Te voilà; la nature humaine en action, les malfaiteurs, blâmant tout le monde sauf eux-mêmes. そこにあります。行動中の人間性、不正行為、自分以外のすべての人のせいにします。 Aí está você; natureza humana em ação, malfeitores, culpando a todos menos a si mesmos. 你在这;人性的行动，做错事的人，责备所有人，除了自己。 We are all like that. Wir sind alle so. Todos somos así. 私たちは皆そうです。 Todos nós somos assim. So when you and I are tempted to criticize someone tomorrow, let's remember Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley and Albert Fall. Así que cuando usted y yo tengamos la tentación de criticar a alguien mañana, recordemos a Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley y Albert Fall. Alors, quand vous et moi sommes tentés de critiquer quelqu'un demain, souvenons-nous d'Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley et Albert Fall. Então, quando você e eu ficarmos tentados a criticar alguém amanhã, vamos nos lembrar de Al Capone, "Two Gun" Crowley e Albert Fall. Let's realize that criticisms are like homing pigeons. Machen wir uns bewusst, dass Kritik wie Brieftauben ist. Démonos cuenta de que las críticas son como las palomas mensajeras. Réalisons que les critiques sont comme des pigeons voyageurs. 批判は伝書鳩のようなものであることを理解しましょう。 Vamos perceber que as críticas são como pombos-correio. Давайте поймем, что критика подобна почтовым голубям. They always return home. Siempre vuelven a casa. Let's realize that the person we are going to correct and condemn will probably justify himself or herself, and condemn us in return; or, like the gentle Taft, will say: "I don't see how I could have done any differently from what I have. " Wir sollten uns darüber im Klaren sein, dass die Person, die wir korrigieren und verurteilen wollen, sich wahrscheinlich rechtfertigen und uns im Gegenzug verurteilen wird; oder, wie der sanfte Taft, sagen wird: "Ich wüsste nicht, wie ich etwas anderes hätte tun können als das, was ich getan habe. " Démonos cuenta de que la persona a la que vamos a corregir y condenar probablemente se justificará y nos condenará a su vez; o, como el gentil Taft, dirá: "No veo cómo podría haber hecho algo diferente de lo que he hecho. " Réalisons que la personne que nous allons corriger et condamner se justifiera probablement et nous condamnera en retour; ou, comme le gentil Taft, dira: "Je ne vois pas comment j'aurais pu faire autrement que ce que j'ai." Vamos perceber que a pessoa que vamos corrigir e condenar provavelmente se justificará e nos condenará em troca; ou, como o gentil Taft, dirá: "Não vejo como poderia ter feito algo diferente do que fiz." 让我们认识到，我们要纠正和谴责的人可能会为自己辩护，并反过来谴责我们；或者，像温柔的塔夫脱一样，他会说：“我不明白我还能做些什么与我现在所做的不同的事情。”

On the morning of April 15, 1865, Abraham Lincoln lay dying in a hall bedroom of a cheap lodging house directly across the street from Ford's Theater, where John Wilkes Booth had shot him. En la mañana del 15 de abril de 1865, Abraham Lincoln agonizaba en la habitación del vestíbulo de una pensión barata situada justo enfrente del Teatro Ford, donde John Wilkes Booth le había disparado. Le matin du 15 avril 1865, Abraham Lincoln était en train de mourir dans la chambre à coucher d'un hôtel pas cher, juste en face du théâtre Ford, où John Wilkes Booth l'avait abattu. 1865年4月15日の朝、エイブラハム・リンカーンはジョン・ウィルクス・ブースが彼を撃ったフォードの劇場から通りを渡ってすぐ向かいの安い宿屋の寝室で死んで横たわっていた。 Na manhã de 15 de abril de 1865, Abraham Lincoln estava morrendo em um quarto no corredor de uma pensão barata do outro lado da rua do Ford's Theatre, onde John Wilkes Booth o havia atirado. 1865 年 4 月 15 日早晨，亚伯拉罕·林肯 (Abraham Lincoln) 躺在福特剧院 (John Wilkes Booth) 枪杀他的福特剧院 (Ford's Theater) 街对面的一间廉价旅馆的大厅卧室里，生命垂危。

Lincoln's long body lay stretched diagonally across a sagging bed that was too short for him. El largo cuerpo de Lincoln yacía estirado en diagonal sobre una cama hundida que le quedaba demasiado corta. Le long corps de Lincoln était allongé en diagonale sur un lit affaissé trop court pour lui. O longo corpo de Lincoln estava estendido diagonalmente sobre uma cama flácida que era curta demais para ele. A cheap reproduction of Rosa Bonheur's famous painting The Horse Fair hung above the bed, and a dismal gas jet flickered yellow light. Sobre la cama colgaba una reproducción barata del famoso cuadro de Rosa Bonheur La feria de los caballos, y un lúgubre surtidor de gas parpadeaba con luz amarilla. Une reproduction à bon marché du célèbre tableau de Rosa Bonheur, La foire des chevaux, était suspendue au-dessus du lit, et un triste jet de gaz scintillait de lumière jaune. ローザ・ボヌールの有名な絵画「ホース・フェア」の安価な複製がベッドの上に掛けられ、陰気なガスジェットが黄色い光をちらつきました。 Rosa Bonheur의 유명한 그림 인 The Horse Fair의 싼 재현은 침대 위에 걸려 있었고, 어두운 가스 제트가 노란 빛을 깜빡 거 렸습니다. Uma reprodução barata da famosa pintura de Rosa Bonheur, A Feira do Cavalo, estava pendurada acima da cama e um jato de gás sombrio tremeluzia a luz amarela. Над кроватью висела дешевая репродукция знаменитой картины Розы Бонёр «Конная ярмарка», а желтым светом мерцал унылый газовый баллончик. 罗莎·邦海尔（Rosa Bonheur）着名画作《马展》（The Horse Fair）的廉价复制品悬挂在床的上方，令人沮丧的气体射流闪烁了黄光。 As Lincoln lay dying, Secretary of War Stanton said, "There lies the most perfect ruler of men that the world has ever seen." Mientras Lincoln agonizaba, el Secretario de Guerra Stanton dijo: "Ahí yace el más perfecto gobernante de hombres que el mundo haya visto". Alors que Lincoln était en train de mourir, le secrétaire à la Guerre, Stanton, a déclaré: "C'est le souverain le plus parfait des hommes que le monde ait jamais vu." Enquanto Lincoln morria, o Secretário da Guerra Stanton disse: "Lá está o governante mais perfeito entre os homens que o mundo já viu". Когда Линкольн умирал, военный министр Стэнтон сказал: «Это самый совершенный правитель людей, которого когда-либо видел мир». 林肯弥留之际，战争部长斯坦顿说道：“躺着的是世界上最完美的统治者。” What was the secret of Lincoln's success in dealing with people? ¿Cuál era el secreto del éxito de Lincoln en el trato con la gente? リンカーンが人々に対処することに成功した秘secretは何ですか？ Qual foi o segredo do sucesso de Lincoln em lidar com pessoas? I studied the life of Abraham Lincoln for ten years and devoted all of three years to writing and rewriting a book entitled Lincoln the Unknown. Estudié la vida de Abraham Lincoln durante diez años y dediqué tres a escribir y reescribir un libro titulado Lincoln, el desconocido. 私はアブラハムリンカーンの生活を10年間研究し、3年間すべてを「リンカーンの未知」という本の執筆と書き直しに費やしました。 Estudei a vida de Abraham Lincoln por dez anos e dediquei todos os três anos para escrever e reescrever um livro intitulado Lincoln the Unknown. I believe I have made as detailed and exhaustive a study of Lincoln's personality and home life as it is possible for any being to make. Creo que he realizado un estudio tan detallado y exhaustivo de la personalidad y la vida familiar de Lincoln como es posible para cualquier ser. Je crois avoir fait une étude aussi détaillée et exhaustive de la personnalité de Lincoln que de la vie à la maison. 私は、リンカーンの人格と家庭生活について、どんな人でも作ることが可能な限り詳細かつ徹底的に研究したと信じています。 나는 링컨의 성격과 가정 생활에 대해 어떤 것이 든 가능한 한 자세하고 철저한 연구를했다고 생각합니다. Acredito ter feito um estudo tão detalhado e exaustivo da personalidade e da vida doméstica de Lincoln quanto possível para qualquer ser. I made a special study of Lincoln's method of dealing with people. Estudié especialmente el método de Lincoln para tratar con la gente. 私はリンカーンの人々への対処方法について特別な研究をしました。 Fiz um estudo especial do método de Lincoln para lidar com as pessoas. Did he indulge in criticism? Hat er sich der Kritik hingegeben? ¿Se permitía criticar? At-il se livrer à la critique? 彼は批判にふけっていましたか？ Ele se entregou à crítica? 他沉迷于批评吗？ Oh, yes. Ah, sí. As a young man in the Pigeon Creek Valley of Indiana, he not only criticized but he wrote letters and poems ridiculing people and dropped these letters on the country roads where they were sure to be found. De joven, en el valle Pigeon Creek de Indiana, no sólo criticaba, sino que escribía cartas y poemas ridiculizando a la gente y dejaba caer estas cartas por los caminos rurales, donde seguro que las encontraban. インディアナ州ピジョンクリークバレーの若者として、彼は批判するだけでなく、人々を笑する手紙や詩を書き、それらが見つかると確信している田舎道にこれらの手紙を落としました。 Quando jovem no Vale de Pigeon Creek em Indiana, ele não apenas criticou, mas escreveu cartas e poemas ridicularizando as pessoas e jogou essas cartas nas estradas rurais onde com certeza seriam encontradas. 作为印第安纳州鸽子溪谷的一个年轻人，他不仅批评别人，还写信和诗歌来嘲笑人们，并将这些信件扔在乡间小路上，肯定会被发现。 One of these letters aroused resentments that burned for a lifetime. Einer dieser Briefe weckte Ressentiments, die ein Leben lang brannten. Una de estas cartas despertó resentimientos que ardieron durante toda una vida. Une de ces lettres a suscité des ressentiments qui ont brûlé toute une vie. これらの手紙の1つは、一生燃えるresりを引き起こしました。 Uma dessas cartas despertou ressentimentos que duraram a vida toda. 其中一封信引起了终生的怨恨。

Even after Lincoln had become a practicing lawyer in Springfield, Illinois, he attacked his opponents openly in letters published in the newspapers. Incluso después de convertirse en abogado en Springfield, Illinois, Lincoln atacó abiertamente a sus oponentes en cartas publicadas en los periódicos. リンカーンがイリノイ州スプリングフィールドで実務弁護士になった後でも、新聞に掲載された手紙で公然と敵を攻撃した。 Mesmo depois de Lincoln ter se tornado advogado em Springfield, Illinois, ele atacou seus oponentes abertamente em cartas publicadas nos jornais. 甚至在林肯成为伊利诺斯州斯普林菲尔德的一名执业律师之后，他还是在报纸上发表的公开信中公开抨击了他的对手。

But he did this just once too often. Pero lo hizo demasiadas veces. Mais il l'a fait juste une fois de trop. しかし、彼はこれを一度だけ頻繁に行いました。 Mas ele fez isso apenas uma vez com muita frequência. 但是他这样做太频繁了。 In the autumn of 1842 he ridiculed a vain, pugnacious politician by the name of James Shields. En el otoño de 1842 ridiculizó a un político vanidoso y pendenciero llamado James Shields. À l'automne de 1842, il ridiculisa un politicien vaniteux et pugnace du nom de James Shields. 1842年の秋、彼はジェームズシールズという名の無駄で、利己的な政治家を笑しました。 No outono de 1842, ele ridicularizou um político vaidoso e combativo chamado James Shields. Lincoln lamned him through an anonymous letter published in Springfield Journal. Lincoln lo criticó a través de una carta anónima publicada en Springfield Journal. リンカーンは、Springfield Journalに掲載された匿名の手紙で彼を非難しました。 Lincoln o repreendeu por meio de uma carta anônima publicada no Springfield Journal. The town roared with laughter. El pueblo rugía de risa. La ville éclata de rire. 町は笑い声でroえました。 A cidade caiu na gargalhada. 小镇上大笑起来。 Shields, sensitive and proud, boiled with indignation. Shields, sensibel und stolz, kochte vor Empörung. Shields, sensible y orgullosa, hervía de indignación. Les boucliers, sensibles et fiers, bouillaient d'indignation. 繊細で誇りのある盾はinりに沸きました。 Escudos, sensíveis e orgulhosos, ferviam de indignação. 盾牌敏感而自豪，满腹愤慨。 He found out who wrote the letter, leaped on his horse, started after Lincoln, and challenged him to fight a duel. Averiguó quién había escrito la carta, montó a caballo, persiguió a Lincoln y le retó a batirse en duelo. 彼は誰が手紙を書き、馬に飛び乗って、リンカーンの後に始まり、決闘と戦うように彼に挑戦したことを知りました。 Ele descobriu quem escreveu a carta, pulou no cavalo, começou a perseguir Lincoln e o desafiou a lutar em um duelo. Lincoln didn't want to fight. Lincoln não queria lutar. He was opposed to dueling, but he couldn't get out of it and save his honor. Se oponía al duelo, pero no podía librarse de él y salvar su honor. 彼は決闘に反対しましたが、彼はそれから抜け出すことができず、彼の名誉を救うことができませんでした。 Ele se opunha ao duelo, mas não poderia escapar e salvar sua honra. 他反对决斗，但他无法摆脱决斗并挽救自己的荣誉。 He was given the choice of weapons. Se le dio a elegir las armas. 彼は武器の選択を与えられました。 Ele teve a escolha de armas. Since he had very long arms, he chose cavalry broadswords and took lessons in sword fighting from a West Point graduate; and, on the appointed day, he and Shields met on a sandbar in the Mississippi River, prepared to fight to the death; but, at the last minute, their seconds interrupted and stopped the duel. Como tenía brazos muy largos, eligió espadas de caballería y recibió lecciones de lucha con espadas de un graduado de West Point; y, en el día señalado, él y Shields se encontraron en un banco de arena en el río Mississippi, preparados para luchar a muerte; pero, en el último minuto, sus segundos interrumpieron y detuvieron el duelo. Comme il avait de très longs bras, il choisit des armes larges pour la cavalerie et suivit des cours de combat au sabre avec un diplômé de West Point; et, le jour fixé, Shields et lui se sont rencontrés sur un banc de sable dans le Mississippi, prêts à se battre jusqu'à la mort; mais, à la dernière minute, leurs secondes s'interrompirent et arrêtèrent le duel. 彼は非常に長い腕を持っていたため、騎兵の幅広剣を選び、ウェストポイントの卒業生から剣の戦いのレッスンを受けました。そして、任命された日に、彼とシールズはミシシッピ川の砂州で会い、死と戦う準備をしました。しかし、土壇場で、彼らの秒は中断し、決闘を止めました。 Como ele possuía armas muito compridas, ele escolheu espadas de cavalaria e teve aulas de luta com espadas de um graduado em West Point; e, no dia marcado, ele e Shields se encontraram em um banco de areia no rio Mississippi, preparado para lutar até a morte; mas, no último minuto, seus segundos interromperam e pararam o duelo.

That was the most lurid personal incident in Lincoln's life. Das war der reißerischste persönliche Vorfall im Leben von Lincoln. Ese fue el incidente personal más escabroso en la vida de Lincoln. Ce fut l'incident personnel le plus sinistre de la vie de Lincoln. それはリンカーンの人生で最もつまらない個人的な出来事でした。 Esse foi o incidente pessoal mais lúgubre da vida de Lincoln. 这是林肯一生中最耸人听闻的个人事件。

It taught him an invaluable lesson in the art of dealing with people. Le enseñó una lección inestimable sobre el arte de tratar con la gente. Cela lui a appris une précieuse leçon sur l'art de traiter avec les gens. それは彼に、人々を扱う技術のかけがえのない教訓を教えてくれました。 Ensinou-lhe uma lição valiosa na arte de lidar com as pessoas. 这在与人打交道的艺术方面给了他宝贵的一课。 Never again did he write an insulting letter. Nunca más escribió una carta insultante. Ele nunca mais escreveu uma carta insultuosa. Never again did he ridicule anyone. Ele nunca mais ridicularizou ninguém. And from that time on, he almost never criticized anybody for anything. Y a partir de entonces, casi nunca criticó a nadie por nada. Et à partir de ce moment-là, il n'a presque jamais critiqué personne pour quoi que ce soit. そして、その時から、彼は誰に対しても何も批判しませんでした。 E a partir desse momento, ele quase nunca criticou ninguém por nada. Time after time, during the Civil War, Lincoln put a new general at the head of the Army of the Potomac, and each one in turn - McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade - blundered tragically and drove Lincoln to pacing the floor in despair. Während des Bürgerkriegs setzte Lincoln immer wieder einen neuen General an die Spitze der Potomac-Armee, und jeder von ihnen - McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade - machte tragische Fehler und trieb Lincoln dazu, verzweifelt auf dem Boden auf und ab zu gehen. Una y otra vez, durante la Guerra de Secesión, Lincoln puso a un nuevo general al frente del Ejército del Potomac, y cada uno de ellos -McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade- cometió un trágico error que llevó a Lincoln a pasearse por el suelo desesperado. À maintes reprises, pendant la guerre civile, Lincoln a mis un nouveau général à la tête de l'Armée du Potomac, et chacun à son tour - McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade - a gâché tragiquement et a poussé Lincoln à faire les cent pas désespoir. リンカーンは南北戦争中に何度もポトマック軍の長に新しい将軍を配置し、それぞれが順番にマクレラン、教皇、バーンサイド、フッカー、ミード-悲劇的に失策し、リンカーンを追い詰めて床を歩き回らせました絶望。 Vez após vez, durante a Guerra Civil, Lincoln colocou um novo general à frente do Exército do Potomac, e cada um por sua vez - McClellan, Pope, Burnside, Hooker, Meade - errou trágico e levou Lincoln a andar no chão. desespero. Half the nation savagely condemned these incompetent generals, but Lincoln, "with malice toward none, with charity for all," held his peace. Die halbe Nation verurteilte diese inkompetenten Generäle aufs Schärfste, doch Lincoln, "mit Böswilligkeit gegen niemanden, mit Nächstenliebe für alle", blieb ruhig. La mitad de la nación condenó salvajemente a estos generales incompetentes, pero Lincoln, "sin malicia hacia nadie, con caridad para todos", mantuvo la calma. La moitié de la nation a condamné sauvagement ces généraux incompétents, mais Lincoln, "sans malice envers personne, avec charité pour tous", a maintenu sa paix. 国の半分はこれらの無能な将軍を野に非難したが、リンカーンは「誰に対しても悪意はなく、すべての人に慈善を」と彼の平和を保持した。 Metade da nação condenou ferozmente esses generais incompetentes, mas Lincoln, "com malícia para ninguém, com caridade para todos", manteve sua paz. One of his favorite quotations was "Judge not, that ye be not judged." Una de sus citas favoritas era "No juzguéis, para que no seáis juzgados". Une de ses citations préférées était "Ne jugez pas, ne soyez pas jugés". 彼のお気に入りの引用の1つは、「裁いてはいけない、あなたがたは裁かれない」でした。 Uma de suas citações favoritas era "Não julgue, para que não sejais julgados". And when Mrs. Lincoln and others spoke harshly of the southern people, Lincoln replied: "Don't criticize them; they are just what we would be under similar circumstances. " Y cuando la Sra. Lincoln y otros hablaban duramente de los sureños, Lincoln respondía: "No los critiquen; son justo lo que nosotros seríamos en circunstancias similares. " Et quand Mme Lincoln et d’autres parlèrent durement des gens du Sud, Lincoln répondit: "Ne les critiquez pas, ils sont ce que nous serions dans des circonstances similaires." そして、リンカーン夫人と他の人たちが南部の人々を厳しく語ったとき、リンカーンは答えた：「彼らを批判しないでください。彼らは私たちが同じような状況の下にいるだけです。」 E quando a Sra. Lincoln e outros falaram duramente do povo do sul, Lincoln respondeu: "Não os critique; eles são exatamente o que seríamos em circunstâncias semelhantes."

Yet if any man ever had occasion to criticize, surely it was Lincoln. Sin embargo, si algún hombre tuvo alguna vez ocasión de criticar, sin duda fue Lincoln. しかし、もし誰かが批判する機会があったなら、それは確かにリンカーンでした。 No entanto, se alguém já teve ocasião de criticar, certamente era Lincoln. 然而，如果有人有机会提出批评的话，那肯定是林肯。

Let's take just one illustration: The Battle of Gettysburg was fought during the first three days of July 1863. Tomemos sólo un ejemplo: La batalla de Gettysburg se libró durante los tres primeros días de julio de 1863. Prenons une illustration: la bataille de Gettysburg s’est déroulée au cours des trois premiers jours de juillet 1863. 1つだけ例を挙げましょう。ゲティスバーグの戦いは、1863年7月の最初の3日間に行われました。 Vamos dar apenas uma ilustração: a Batalha de Gettysburg foi travada durante os primeiros três dias de julho de 1863. During the night of July 4, Lee began to retreat southward while storm clouds deluged the country with rain. Durante la noche del 4 de julio, Lee comenzó a retirarse hacia el sur mientras las nubes de tormenta inundaban el país de lluvia. Dans la nuit du 4 juillet, Lee commença à se retirer vers le sud pendant que des nuages d'orage noyaient le pays sous la pluie. 7月4日の夜、リーは南に後退し始めたが、嵐の雲が雨で国を襲った。 Durante a noite de 4 de julho, Lee começou a recuar para o sul, enquanto nuvens de tempestade inundavam o país com chuva. When Lee reached the Potomac with his defeated army, he found a swollen, impassable river in front of him, and a victorious Union Army behind him. Cuando Lee llegó al Potomac con su ejército derrotado, se encontró con un río crecido e infranqueable frente a él, y un victorioso ejército de la Unión detrás. Lorsque Lee atteignit le Potomac avec son armée vaincue, il trouva devant lui une rivière gonflée et infranchissable et une armée victorieuse de l'Union. リーが敗北した軍隊とともにポトマックに到着したとき、彼は彼の前に腫れた、通過できない川と彼の後ろに勝利した北軍を見つけました。 Quando Lee chegou ao Potomac com seu exército derrotado, encontrou um rio inchado e intransitável à sua frente e um vitorioso exército da União atrás dele. Lee was in a trap. Lee estaba en una trampa. Lee était dans un piège. リーはtrapに陥っていた。 Lee estava em uma armadilha. 李陷入了陷阱。 He couldn't escape. No podía escapar. Ele não podia escapar. Lincoln saw that. Lincoln lo vio. Lincoln viu isso. Here was a golden, heaven-sent opportunity-the opportunity to capture Lee's army and end the war immediately. Esta era una oportunidad de oro, enviada por el cielo, la oportunidad de capturar al ejército de Lee y poner fin a la guerra inmediatamente. C'était une occasion en or, envoyée par le ciel - l'occasion de capturer l'armée de Lee et de mettre fin à la guerre immédiatement. ここは、天国から送られた黄金の機会であり、リーの軍隊を占領し、すぐに戦争を終わらせる機会でした。 Aqui estava uma oportunidade dourada enviada do céu - a oportunidade de capturar o exército de Lee e terminar a guerra imediatamente. So, with a surge of high hope, Lincoln ordered Meade not to call a council of war but to attack Lee immediately. Así que, con una oleada de grandes esperanzas, Lincoln ordenó a Meade que no convocara un consejo de guerra, sino que atacara a Lee inmediatamente. Alors, avec un élan de grand espoir, Lincoln ordonna à Meade de ne pas convoquer de conseil de guerre, mais d'attaquer immédiatement Lee. そのため、リンカーンは希望の高まりとともに、ミードに戦争評議会を召集せず、直ちにリーを攻撃するよう命じた。 Então, com uma onda de grande esperança, Lincoln ordenou que Meade não convocasse um conselho de guerra, mas atacasse Lee imediatamente. 因此，怀着极大的希望，林肯命令米德不要召集战争委员会，而是立即攻击李。 Lincoln telegraphed his orders and then sent a special messenger to Meade demanding immediate action. Lincoln telegrafió sus órdenes y luego envió un mensajero especial a Meade exigiendo acción inmediata. Lincoln télégraphia ses ordres puis envoya un messager spécial à Meade exigeant une action immédiate. リンカーンは彼の命令を電信で送り、即座の行動を要求する特別なメッセンジャーをミードに送りました。 Lincoln telegrafou suas ordens e então enviou um mensageiro especial a Meade exigindo ação imediata. And what did General Meade do? ¿Y qué hizo el general Meade? ミード将軍は何をしましたか？ E o que o General Meade fez? He did the very opposite of what he was told to do. Hizo justo lo contrario de lo que le dijeron que hiciera. Il a fait le contraire de ce qu'on lui avait demandé de faire. 彼は、言われたことと正反対のことをしました。 Ele fez exatamente o oposto do que lhe foi dito para fazer. 他的做法与他被告知的相反。 He called a council of war in direct violation of Lincoln's orders. Er berief in direkter Verletzung von Lincolns Befehlen einen Kriegsrat ein. Ele convocou um conselho de guerra em violação direta das ordens de Lincoln. 他直接违反了林肯的命令，召集了战争委员会。 He hesitated. Er zögerte. Vaciló. Il a hésité 彼はitした。 Ele hesitou. 他犹豫了。 He procrastinated. Lo dejó para más tarde. Il a tergiversé. 彼は先延ばしにした。 Ele procrastinou. 他拖延了。 He telegraphed all manner of excuses. Er telegrafierte alle möglichen Ausreden. Telegrafió todo tipo de excusas. Il a télégraphié toutes sortes d'excuses. Ele telegrafou todo tipo de desculpas. He refused point-blank to attack Lee. Se negó a quemarropa a atacar a Lee. Il a refusé catégoriquement d'attaquer Lee. Ele se recusou à queima-roupa para atacar Lee. 他断然拒绝攻击李。 Finally the waters receded and Lee escaped over the Potomac with his forces. Finalement, les eaux se retirèrent et Lee s’échappa avec ses forces sur le Potomac. Finalmente as águas baixaram e Lee escapou pelo Potomac com suas forças. Lincoln was furious, " What does this mean? リンカーンは激怒しました、「これはどういう意味ですか？ Lincoln ficou furioso: "O que isso significa? Lincoln cried to his son Robert. Lincoln rief seinen Sohn Robert an. リンカーンは息子のロバートに泣いた。 Lincoln chorou para seu filho Robert. "Great God! "¡Gran Dios! "Bom Deus! What does this mean? We had them within our grasp, and had only to stretch forth our hands and they were ours; yet nothing that I could say or do could make the army move. ¿Qué significa esto? Los teníamos a nuestro alcance, y sólo teníamos que extender nuestras manos y eran nuestros; sin embargo, nada de lo que yo pudiera decir o hacer podría hacer que el ejército se moviera. これは何を意味するのでしょうか？私たちはそれらを手に入れ、手を伸ばすだけで、彼らは私たちのものでした。それでも、私が言うこともできることも、軍隊を動かすことはできませんでした。 O que isto significa? Nós os tínhamos ao nosso alcance, e tivemos apenas que estender nossas mãos e elas eram nossas; no entanto, nada que eu pudesse dizer ou fazer poderia fazer o exército se mover. Under the circumstances, almost any general could have defeated Lee. Dadas las circunstancias, casi cualquier general podría haber derrotado a Lee. Nous les avions à portée de main et nous n'avions qu'à étendre nos mains et elles étaient à nous; mais rien que je puisse dire ou faire ne puisse faire bouger l'armée. 状況下では、ほとんどすべての将軍がリーを破ったかもしれません。 Nessas circunstâncias, quase qualquer general poderia ter derrotado Lee. If I had gone up there, I could have whipped him myself. " Si yo hubiera subido, podría haberle azotado yo mismo. " Dans les circonstances, presque n'importe quel général aurait pu vaincre Lee. もし私がそこに行っていたら、私は彼を自分で鞭打ちできたでしょう。 」 Se eu tivesse subido lá, poderia tê-lo chicoteado eu mesma. " 如果我去了那里，我自己就能鞭打他了。 ”

In bitter disappointment, Lincoln sat down and wrote Meade this letter. Con amarga decepción, Lincoln se sentó y escribió a Meade esta carta. Si j'étais allé là-bas, j'aurais pu le fouetter moi-même. " Desapontado, Lincoln sentou-se e escreveu a Meade esta carta.

And remember, at this period of his life Lincoln was extremely conservative and restrained in his phraseology. Y recuerde, en este periodo de su vida Lincoln era extremadamente conservador y comedido en su fraseología. Dans une amère déception, Lincoln s'assit et écrivit cette lettre à Meade. E lembre-se, neste período de sua vida, Lincoln era extremamente conservador e contido em sua fraseologia. So this letter coming from Lincoln in 1863 was tantamount to the severest rebuke. Así que esta carta de Lincoln en 1863 equivalía a la reprimenda más severa. Et rappelez-vous, à cette période de sa vie, Lincoln était extrêmement conservateur et modéré dans sa phraséologie. したがって、1863年にリンカーンから届いたこの手紙は、最も厳しい非難に匹敵しました。 Portanto, esta carta vinda de Lincoln em 1863 foi equivalente à mais severa repreensão. My dear General, I do not believe you appreciate the magnitude of the misfortune involved in Lee's escape. Mein lieber General, ich glaube nicht, dass Sie das Ausmaß des Unglücks erkennen, das mit Lees Flucht verbunden ist. Mi querido General, no creo que usted aprecie la magnitud de la desgracia involucrada en el escape de Lee. Donc, cette lettre de Lincoln en 1863 équivalait à la plus sévère réprimande. 親愛なる将軍、リーの脱出に伴う不幸の大きさを感謝しているとは思わない。 친애하는 장군님, 이씨의 탈출과 관련된 불행의 정도에 감사드립니다. Meu caro general, não acredito que você aprecie a magnitude do infortúnio envolvido na fuga de Lee. 亲爱的将军，我不相信您会欣赏李逃脱带来的不幸。 He was within our easy grasp, and to have closed upon him would, in connection With our other late successes, have ended the war. Er war für uns leicht zu erreichen, und ihn zu erreichen, hätte in Verbindung mit unseren anderen späten Erfolgen den Krieg beendet. Lo teníamos al alcance de la mano, y si lo hubiéramos alcanzado, en combinación con nuestros otros éxitos recientes, habríamos terminado la guerra. Mon cher général, je ne crois pas que vous appréciiez l'ampleur du malheur impliqué dans la fuite de Lee. 彼は私たちの容易な把握の範囲内であり、彼に近づいたことは、私たちの他の遅い成功に関連して、戦争を終わらせたでしょう。 Ele estava ao nosso alcance, e tê-lo fechado teria, em conexão com nossos outros sucessos tardios, encerrado a guerra. 我们很容易就能抓住他，如果能接近他，再加上我们最近取得的其他胜利，战争就结束了。 As it is, the war will be prolonged indefinitely. So wie es aussieht, wird sich der Krieg auf unbestimmte Zeit verlängern. Así las cosas, la guerra se prolongará indefinidamente. Il était à notre portée facile et le fermer nous aurait mis un terme à la guerre, en liaison avec nos autres succès récents. そのまま、戦争は無期限に延長されます。 Do jeito que está, a guerra será prolongada indefinidamente. If you could not safely attack Lee last Monday, how can you possibly do so south of the river, when you can take with you very few - no more than two-thirds of the force you then had in hand? Wenn Sie Lee am vergangenen Montag nicht sicher angreifen konnten, wie können Sie es dann südlich des Flusses tun, wenn Sie nur sehr wenig mitnehmen können - nicht mehr als zwei Drittel der Truppen, die Sie damals zur Verfügung hatten? Si no pudo atacar con seguridad a Lee el lunes pasado, ¿cómo podrá hacerlo al sur del río, cuando puede llevar consigo muy pocos efectivos, no más de dos tercios de los que tenía entonces? En l'état actuel des choses, la guerre se prolongera indéfiniment. Se você não pôde atacar Lee com segurança na segunda-feira passada, como poderá fazê-lo ao sul do rio, quando pode levar com você muito poucos - não mais do que dois terços da força que então tinha em mãos? 如果上周一你不能安全地攻击李，那么当你能带的兵力很少——不超过你当时掌握的兵力的三分之二时，你怎么可能在河以南攻击呢？ It would be unreasonable to expect and I do not expect that you can now effect much. Es wäre unvernünftig zu erwarten, und ich erwarte nicht, dass Sie jetzt viel bewirken können. No sería razonable esperar y no espero que ahora pueda hacer mucho. Si vous ne pouviez pas attaquer Lee en toute sécurité lundi dernier, comment pouvez-vous le faire au sud de la rivière, alors que vous pouvez emporter très peu de personnes - pas plus des deux tiers de la force que vous aviez alors en main? Não seria razoável esperar e não espero que agora você possa efetuar muito. 期望是不合理的，而且我不希望您现在会产生很大的影响。 Your golden opportunity is gone, and I am distressed immeasurably because of it. Su oportunidad de oro se ha ido, y estoy angustiado inconmensurablemente por ello. Il serait déraisonnable de s'attendre et je ne m'attends pas à ce que vous puissiez maintenant obtenir beaucoup d'effet. A vossa oportunidade de ouro foi-se, e eu estou imensamente angustiado por causa disso.

What do you suppose Meade did when he read the letter? ¿Qué crees que hizo Meade cuando leyó la carta? Votre occasion en or est partie, et je suis affligée incommensurablement à cause de cela. O que você acha que Meade fez quando leu a carta?

Meade never saw that letter. Meade nunca vio esa carta. Meade nunca viu essa carta. Lincoln never mailed it. Lincoln nunca lo envió por correo. Lincoln nunca o enviou. It was found among his papers after his death. Se encontró entre sus papeles después de su muerte. Foi encontrado entre seus papéis após sua morte. My guess is - and this is only a guess - that after writing that letter, Lincoln looked out of the window and said to himself, "Just a minute. Mi suposición es - y esto es sólo una suposición - que después de escribir esa carta, Lincoln miró por la ventana y se dijo a sí mismo, "Sólo un minuto. Meu palpite é - e este é apenas um palpite - que, depois de escrever aquela carta, Lincoln olhou pela janela e disse a si mesmo: "Só um minuto. Maybe I ought not to be so hasty. Quizá no debería precipitarme. たぶん私はそんなに急いではいけません。 Talvez eu não deva ser tão apressado. It is easy enough for me to sit here in the quiet of the White House and order Meade to attack; but if I had been up at Gettysburg, and if I had seen as much blood as Meade has seen during the last week, and if my ears had been pierced with the screams and shrieks of the wounded and dying, maybe I wouldn't be so anxious to attack either. Es ist leicht genug für mich, hier in der Stille des Weißen Hauses zu sitzen und Meade den Angriff zu befehlen; aber wenn ich in Gettysburg gewesen wäre und so viel Blut gesehen hätte, wie Meade in der letzten Woche gesehen hat, und wenn meine Ohren von den Schreien und dem Gekreische der Verwundeten und Sterbenden durchdrungen gewesen wären, wäre ich vielleicht auch nicht so erpicht darauf, anzugreifen. Es bastante fácil para mí sentarme aquí en la tranquilidad de la Casa Blanca y ordenarle a Meade que ataque; pero si hubiera estado en Gettysburg, y si hubiera visto tanta sangre como Meade ha visto durante la última semana, y si mis oídos hubieran sido perforados por los gritos y alaridos de los heridos y moribundos, tal vez tampoco estaría tan ansioso por atacar. Peut-être que je ne devrais pas être si pressé. É muito fácil para mim sentar-me aqui no silêncio da Casa Branca e ordenar que Meade ataque; mas se eu estivesse em Gettysburg, e se tivesse visto tanto sangue quanto Meade viu durante a semana passada, e se minhas orelhas tivessem sido perfuradas com os gritos e guinchos dos feridos e moribundos, talvez eu não estaria tão ansioso para atacar também. If I had Meade's timid temperament, perhaps I would have done just what he had done. Si yo tuviera el temperamento tímido de Meade, tal vez habría hecho lo mismo que él. Se eu tivesse o temperamento tímido de Meade, talvez tivesse feito exatamente o que ele fez. Anyhow, it is water under the bridge now. En cualquier caso, ya es agua pasada. Si j'avais le tempérament timide de Meade, j'aurais peut-être fait exactement ce qu'il avait fait. De qualquer forma, agora é água sob a ponte. 无论如何，现在是桥下的水。 If I send this letter, it will relieve my feelings, but it will make Meade try to justify himself. Wenn ich diesen Brief schicke, wird das meine Gefühle beruhigen, aber Meade wird versuchen, sich zu rechtfertigen. Si envío esta carta, aliviará mis sentimientos, pero hará que Meade intente justificarse. De toute façon, il y a de l'eau sous le pont maintenant. Se eu enviar esta carta, isso aliviará meus sentimentos, mas fará com que Meade tente se justificar. It will make him condemn me. Hará que me condene. Isso o fará me condenar. It will arouse hard feelings, impair all his further usefulness as a commander, and perhaps force him to resign from the army." Despertará rencores, mermará toda su utilidad ulterior como comandante y quizá le obligue a dimitir del ejército." Isso vai despertar ressentimentos, prejudicar toda a sua utilidade futura como comandante e talvez forçá-lo a renunciar ao exército. " So, as I have already said, Lincoln put the letter aside, for he had learned by bitter experience that sharp criticisms and rebukes almost invariably end in futility. Wie ich bereits sagte, legte Lincoln den Brief beiseite, denn er hatte aus bitterer Erfahrung gelernt, dass scharfe Kritik und Tadel fast immer ins Leere laufen. Así que, como ya he dicho, Lincoln dejó la carta a un lado, pues había aprendido por amarga experiencia que las críticas y las reprimendas agudas acaban casi siempre en futilidad. Assim, como já disse, Lincoln deixou a carta de lado, pois havia aprendido por amarga experiência que críticas e repreensões agudas quase invariavelmente terminam em futilidade.

Theodore Roosevelt said that when he, as President, was confronted with a perplexing problem, he used to lean back and look up at a large painting of Lincoln which hung above his desk in the White House and ask himself, "What would Lincoln do if he were in my shoes? Theodore Roosevelt contaba que cuando él, como Presidente, se enfrentaba a un problema desconcertante, solía reclinarse y mirar un gran cuadro de Lincoln que colgaba sobre su escritorio en la Casa Blanca y preguntarse: "¿Qué haría Lincoln si estuviera en mi lugar? Theodore Roosevelt disse que quando ele, como presidente, era confrontado com um problema desconcertante, ele costumava se inclinar para trás e olhar para uma grande pintura de Lincoln pendurada acima de sua mesa na Casa Branca e se perguntar: "O que Lincoln faria se ele estava no meu lugar?

How would he solve this problem?" ¿Cómo resolvería este problema?" Como ele resolveria este problema? " 他将如何解决这个问题？” The next time we are tempted to admonish somebody, /let's pull a five-dollar bill out of our pocket, look at Lincoln's picture on the bill, and ask. La próxima vez que tengamos la tentación de amonestar a alguien, /saquemos un billete de cinco dólares del bolsillo, miremos la foto de Lincoln en el billete y preguntemos. Da próxima vez que formos tentados a advertir alguém, / vamos tirar uma nota de cinco dólares do bolso, olhar a foto de Lincoln na nota e perguntar. "How would Lincoln handle this problem if he had it?" "¿Cómo manejaría Lincoln este problema si lo tuviera?" "Como Lincoln lidaria com esse problema se ele o tivesse?" Mark Twain lost his temper occasionally and wrote letters that turned the Paper brown. Mark Twain perdía los estribos de vez en cuando y escribía cartas que volvían marrón el Papel. "Comment Lincoln gèrerait-il ce problème s'il l'avait?" Mark Twain perdia a paciência ocasionalmente e escrevia cartas que deixavam o Paper marrom. 马克·吐温偶尔会发脾气，并写了封信，使报纸变成褐色。 For example, he once wrote to a man who had aroused his ire: "The thing for you is a burial permit. So schrieb er beispielsweise einmal an einen Mann, der seinen Zorn erregt hatte: „Das Ding für Sie ist eine Bestattungserlaubnis. Por ejemplo, una vez escribió a un hombre que había despertado su ira: "Lo suyo es un permiso de enterramiento. Mark Twain a parfois perdu son sang-froid et a écrit des lettres qui ont rendu le papier brun. Por exemplo, uma vez ele escreveu a um homem que havia despertado sua ira: "A coisa para você é uma permissão de enterro. 例如，他曾经写信给一个激怒他的人：“给你的东西是埋葬许可证。 You have only to speak and I will see that you get it." Du musst nur sprechen und ich werde dafür sorgen, dass du es verstehst." Sólo tienes que hablar y yo me encargaré de que lo consigas". Par exemple, il a écrit une fois à un homme qui avait suscité sa colère: "Ce qui vous importe, c’est un permis de sépulture. Você só tem que falar e eu vou ver se você entende. " 您只需要发言，我就会明白您的意思。” On another occasion he wrote to an editor about a proofreader's attempts to "improve my spelling and punctuation." Bei einer anderen Gelegenheit schrieb er einem Lektor über die Versuche eines Korrektors, „meine Rechtschreibung und Zeichensetzung zu verbessern“. En otra ocasión escribió a un editor sobre los intentos de un corrector de "mejorar mi ortografía y puntuación". Vous n'avez qu'à parler et je vais voir que vous l'obtenez. " Em outra ocasião, ele escreveu a um editor sobre as tentativas de um revisor de "melhorar minha ortografia e pontuação". He ordered: "Set the matter according to my copy hereafter and see that the proofreader retains his suggestions in the mush of his decayed brain." Er befahl: "Stellen Sie die Sache nach meinem nachstehenden Exemplar ein und sehen Sie zu, dass der Korrektor seine Vorschläge im Brei seines verfallenen Gehirns behält." Ordenó: "Arregla el asunto de acuerdo a mi copia de aquí en adelante y ve que el corrector retenga sus sugerencias en la papilla de su cerebro decaído." À une autre occasion, il a écrit à un rédacteur en chef à propos des tentatives d'un correcteur d'épreuves pour «améliorer mon orthographe et ma ponctuation». 그는 "나의 사본에 따라이 문제를 정하고 교정자가 그의 부패한 뇌의 허쉬 속에 자신의 제안을 유지하는 것을 본다"고 명령했다. Ele ordenou: "Defina o assunto de acordo com minha cópia a seguir e providencie para que o revisor retenha suas sugestões na massa de seu cérebro deteriorado." Emir verdi: "Konuyu bundan sonra benim kopyama göre düzenleyin ve redaktörün önerilerini çürümüş beyninin lapasında sakladığını görün." 他下令：“此后按照我的副本安排，并确保校对员保留了他腐烂的大脑中的建议。” The writing of these stinging letters made Mark Twain feel better. La redacción de estas mordaces cartas hizo que Mark Twain se sintiera mejor. Il a ordonné: "Réglez l'affaire d'après mon exemplaire ci-après et veillez à ce que le relecteur conserve ses suggestions dans la bouillie de son cerveau en décomposition." Escrever essas cartas pungentes fez Mark Twain se sentir melhor. Он приказал: «Поставь вопрос в соответствии с моей копией ниже и посмотри, что корректор сохраняет свои предположения в каши его разложившегося мозга». They allowed him to blow off steam, and the letters didn't do any real harm, because Mark's wife secretly lifted them out of the mail. Le permitían desahogarse, y las cartas no hacían ningún daño real, porque la mujer de Mark las sacaba en secreto del correo. Eles permitiram que ele desabafasse, e as cartas não causaram nenhum dano real, porque a esposa de Mark secretamente as tirou do correio. They were never sent. Sie wurden nie abgeschickt. Nunca se enviaron. Eles nunca foram enviados.

Do you know someone you would like to change and regulate and improve? Kennen Sie jemanden, den Sie gerne verändern, regulieren und verbessern würden? ¿Conoces a alguien a quien te gustaría cambiar, regular y mejorar? Você conhece alguém que gostaria de mudar, regular e melhorar? 您知道您想改变，调节和改善的人吗？

Good! ¡Bien! That is fine. Está bien. Está bem. I am all in favor of it, But why not begin on yourself? Ich bin dafür, aber warum nicht bei sich selbst anfangen? I am all in favor of it, But why not begin on yourself? Estoy a favor de ello, pero ¿por qué no empezar por uno mismo? Sou totalmente a favor disso, mas por que não começar por você mesmo? Ben de bundan yanayım, ama neden kendinizden başlamıyorsunuz? From a purely selfish standpoint, that is a lot more profitable than trying to improve others - yes, and a lot less dangerous. Vom rein egoistischen Standpunkt aus gesehen ist das viel profitabler als der Versuch, andere zu verbessern - ja, und viel weniger gefährlich. Desde un punto de vista puramente egoísta, eso es mucho más rentable que intentar mejorar a los demás... sí, y mucho menos peligroso. Do ponto de vista puramente egoísta, isso é muito mais lucrativo do que tentar melhorar os outros - sim, e muito menos perigoso. "Don't complain about the snow on your neighbor's roof," said Confucius, "when your own doorstep is unclean." "Beschwere dich nicht über den Schnee auf dem Dach deines Nachbarn", sagte Konfuzius, "wenn deine eigene Türschwelle unsauber ist." "No te quejes de la nieve en el tejado de tu vecino", decía Confucio, "cuando tu propia puerta está sucia". "Não reclame da neve no telhado do seu vizinho", disse Confúcio, "quando a sua porta está suja." When I was still young and trying hard to impress people, I wrote a foolish letter to Richard Harding Davis, an author who once loomed large on the literary horizon of America. Als ich noch jung war und mich bemühte, Menschen zu beeindrucken, schrieb ich einen dummen Brief an Richard Harding Davis, einen Autor, der einst am literarischen Horizont Amerikas eine große Rolle spielte. Cuando aún era joven y me esforzaba por impresionar a la gente, escribí una carta insensata a Richard Harding Davis, un autor que antaño ocupaba un lugar destacado en el horizonte literario de Estados Unidos. Quando eu ainda era jovem e me esforçava para impressionar as pessoas, escrevi uma carta tola para Richard Harding Davis, um autor que outrora se destacou no horizonte literário da América. 当我还很小的时候，就想给人们留下深刻的印象时，我写了一封愚蠢的信给理查德·哈丁·戴维斯（Richard Harding Davis），他曾经在美国文学界遥遥领先。 I was preparing a magazine article about authors, and I asked Davis to tell me about his method of work. Quand j'étais encore jeune et que j'essayais d'impressionner les gens, j'ai écrit une lettre idiote à Richard Harding Davis, un auteur qui a déjà dominé l'horizon littéraire de l'Amérique. Estava a preparar um artigo para uma revista sobre autores e pedi a Davis que me falasse do seu método de trabalho. A few weeks earlier, I had received a letter from someone with this notation at the bottom: "Dictated but not read." Einige Wochen zuvor hatte ich einen Brief von jemandem mit diesem Vermerk am Ende erhalten: "Diktiert, aber nicht gelesen". Unas semanas antes, había recibido una carta de alguien con esta anotación al pie: "Dictada pero no leída". Algumas semanas antes, recebi uma carta de alguém com a seguinte anotação: "Ditado, mas não lido". 几周前，我收到了一封信的底部写有一封信：“听写但不读。” I was quite impressed. Ich war ziemlich beeindruckt. Me impresionó bastante. Quelques semaines plus tôt, j'avais reçu une lettre de quelqu'un avec cette mention au bas de la lettre: "dicté mais pas lu." Fiquei bastante impressionado. I felt that the writer must be very big and busy and important. Me pareció que el escritor debía de ser muy grande, ocupado e importante. Eu senti que o escritor deve ser muito grande, ocupado e importante. I wasn't the slightest bit busy, but I was eager to make an impression on Richard Harding Davis, so I ended my short note with the words: "Dictated but not read." Ich war nicht im Geringsten beschäftigt, aber ich wollte unbedingt Eindruck bei Richard Harding Davis machen, also beendete ich meine kurze Notiz mit den Worten: "Diktiert, aber nicht gelesen." Eu não estava nem um pouco ocupado, mas estava ansioso para impressionar Richard Harding Davis, então terminei minha breve nota com as palavras: "Ditado, mas não lido". He never troubled to answer the letter. Er hat sich nie die Mühe gemacht, den Brief zu beantworten. Nunca se molestó en responder a la carta. Ele nunca se preocupou em responder à carta. He simply returned it to me with this scribbled across the bottom: "Your bad manners are exceeded only by your bad manners." Er schickte es mir einfach zurück, auf den Boden gekritzelt: „Deine schlechten Manieren werden nur von deinen schlechten Manieren übertroffen.“ Simplemente me lo devolvió con esto garabateado en la parte inferior: "Tus malos modales sólo son superados por tus malos modales". Il n'a jamais pris la peine de répondre à la lettre. 그는 바닥에 무언가를 적어 놓고 저에게 돌려주었습니다. Ele simplesmente me devolveu com isto rabiscado na parte inferior: "Suas más maneiras são superadas apenas por suas más maneiras." Altına bir şeyler karalayarak bana geri verdi: "Kötü davranışların, sadece kötü davranışlarından daha fazla." 他只是简单地把它还给我，上面有this草的写着：“只有你的不良举止才可以超越你的不良举止。” True, I had blundered, and perhaps I deserved this rebuke. Es stimmt, ich hatte einen Fehler gemacht, und vielleicht hatte ich diese Zurechtweisung verdient. Cierto, había metido la pata, y tal vez merecía esta reprimenda. Il me l'a simplement retourné avec le texte gravé en bas: "Vos mauvaises manières ne sont dépassées que par vos mauvaises manières." É verdade que cometi um erro grave e talvez mereça essa repreensão. But, being human, I resented it. Aber als Mensch ärgerte ich mich darüber. Pero, como soy humano, me molestaba. Certes, j'avais gaffé et peut-être que je méritais ce reproche. Mas, sendo humano, eu me ressentia disso. I resented it so sharply that when I read of the death of Richard Harding Davis ten years later, the one thought that still persisted in my mind - I am ashamed to admit - was the hurt he had given me. Ich habe es mir so sehr verübelt, dass, als ich zehn Jahre später vom Tod von Richard Harding Davis las, der einzige Gedanke, der mir noch im Kopf blieb - ich schäme mich, das zuzugeben - der Schmerz war, den er mir zugefügt hatte. Mais, étant humain, je le ressentais. Fiquei tão ressentido com isso que, quando li sobre a morte de Richard Harding Davis dez anos depois, o único pensamento que ainda persistia em minha mente - tenho vergonha de admitir - era a dor que ele havia me causado.

If you and I want to stir up a resentment tomorrow that may rankle across the decades and endure until death, just let us indulge in a little stinging criticism-no matter how certain we are that it is justified. Wenn Sie und ich morgen einen Groll schüren wollen, der über Jahrzehnte wütet und bis zum Tode andauert, dann lassen Sie uns einfach ein wenig scharfe Kritik schwelgen – egal, wie sicher wir uns dessen sind, dass sie berechtigt ist. Si usted y yo queremos suscitar mañana un resentimiento que pueda durar décadas y perdurar hasta la muerte, permítanos una crítica mordaz, por muy seguros que estemos de que está justificada. J'avais tellement mal au cœur que dix ans plus tard, lorsque j'ai appris le décès de Richard Harding Davis, la seule pensée qui persistait encore dans mon esprit - j'ai honte de l'avouer - était le mal qu'il m'avait infligé. Se você e eu queremos despertar um ressentimento amanhã que pode persistir ao longo das décadas e durar até a morte, apenas vamos nos permitir uma pequena crítica pungente - não importa o quanto tenhamos certeza de que é justificada. Eğer siz ve ben yarın on yıllar boyunca ve ölene kadar sürecek bir kızgınlık yaratmak istiyorsak, haklı olduğundan ne kadar emin olursak olalım, biraz sert eleştiri yapmamıza izin verin. 如果您和我明天要激起一种可能持续数十年并持续到死亡的怨恨，那就让我们沉迷于一点刺痛的批评中，无论我们是否确信这是合理的。

When dealing with people, let us remember we are not dealing with creatures of logic. Wenn wir es mit Menschen zu tun haben, sollten wir daran denken, dass wir es nicht mit Wesen der Logik zu tun haben. Cuando tratemos con personas, recordemos que no estamos tratando con criaturas lógicas. Si vous et moi voulons susciter un ressentiment demain qui résonnera au fil des décennies et durera jusqu'à la mort, laissez-nous nous livrer à une petite critique cinglante, quelle que soit notre certitude que cela soit justifié. Ao lidar com pessoas, vamos lembrar que não estamos lidando com criaturas lógicas. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity. Wir haben es mit Gefühlswesen zu tun, mit Vorurteilen gespickt und von Stolz und Eitelkeit getrieben. Estamos lidando com criaturas de emoção, criaturas eriçadas de preconceitos e motivadas por orgulho e vaidade. Bitter criticism caused the sensitive Thomas Hardy, one of the finest novelists ever to enrich English literature, to give up forever the writing of fiction. Bittere Kritik veranlasste den sensiblen Thomas Hardy, einen der besten Romanautoren, der jemals die englische Literatur bereichert hat, das Schreiben von Belletristik für immer aufzugeben. Las amargas críticas hicieron que el sensible Thomas Hardy, uno de los mejores novelistas que jamás haya enriquecido la literatura inglesa, abandonara para siempre la escritura de ficción. Críticas amargas levaram o sensível Thomas Hardy, um dos melhores romancistas a enriquecer a literatura inglesa, a desistir para sempre de escrever ficção. 苦涩的批评使敏感的托马斯·哈迪（Thomas Hardy）永远放弃了小说的写作，他是有史以来最丰富的英语文学家之一。 Criticism drove Thomas Chatterton, the English poet, to suicide. Las críticas llevaron al suicidio al poeta inglés Thomas Chatterton. Les critiques acerbes ont poussé le sensible Thomas Hardy, l'un des meilleurs romanciers à avoir enrichi la littérature anglaise, à renoncer pour toujours à l'écriture de fiction. A crítica levou Thomas Chatterton, o poeta inglês, ao suicídio. Benjamin Franklin, tactless in his youth, became so diplomatic, so adroit at handling people, that he was made American Ambassador to France. Les critiques ont conduit Thomas Chatterton, le poète anglais, au suicide. Benjamin Franklin, sem tato na juventude, tornou-se tão diplomático, tão hábil no trato com as pessoas, que foi nomeado embaixador americano na França. The secret of his success? ¿El secreto de su éxito? Benjamin Franklin, sans tact dans sa jeunesse, devint si diplomate, si adroit dans le traitement des gens, qu'il fut nommé ambassadeur des États-Unis en France. O segredo de seu sucesso? "I will speak ill of no man," he said, " . "I will speak ill of no man," he said, " . "No hablaré mal de nadie", dijo, " . "Não vou falar mal de ninguém", disse ele, ". "Kimse hakkında kötü konuşmayacağım," dedi, " . . and speak all the good I know of everybody." "Je ne parlerai de personne d'aucun homme", a-t-il déclaré. . e falar tudo de bom que eu sei de todos. " Any fool can criticize, condemn and complain - and most fools do. Jeder Narr kann kritisieren, verurteilen und sich beschweren – und die meisten Narren tun das. Any fool can criticize, condemn and complain - and most fools do. Cualquier tonto puede criticar, condenar y quejarse, y la mayoría de los tontos lo hacen. Qualquer tolo pode criticar, condenar e reclamar - e a maioria dos tolos o faz. But it takes character and self-control to be under-standing and forgiving. Pero se necesita carácter y autocontrol para ser comprensivo y perdonar. Tout imbécile peut critiquer, condamner et se plaindre - et la plupart des imbéciles le font. Mas é preciso caráter e autocontrole para entender e perdoar. 但是要理解和宽容就需要品格和自我控制。 "A great man shows his greatness," said Carlyle, "by the way he treats little men." "Ein großer Mann zeigt seine Größe", sagte Carlyle, "durch die Art und Weise, wie er kleine Leute behandelt". "Un gran hombre demuestra su grandeza", dijo Carlyle, "por la forma en que trata a los hombres pequeños". Mais il faut du caractère et de la maîtrise de soi pour être compréhensif et pardonner. "Um grande homem mostra sua grandeza", disse Carlyle, "pela maneira como trata os homenzinhos." 卡莱尔说：“一个伟人表现出了他的伟大，他对待小矮人的方式。” Bob Hoover, a famous test pilot and frequent per-former at air shows, was returning to his home in Los Angeles from an air show in San Diego. Bob Hoover, famoso piloto de pruebas y participante habitual en exhibiciones aéreas, regresaba a su casa de Los Ángeles de una exhibición aérea en San Diego. "Un grand homme montre sa grandeur", a déclaré Carlyle, "par la façon dont il traite les petits hommes." Bob Hoover, um famoso piloto de testes e ator frequente em shows aéreos, estava voltando para sua casa em Los Angeles de um show aéreo em San Diego. As described in the magazine Flight Operations, at three hundred feet in the air, both engines suddenly stopped. Como se describe en la revista Flight Operations, a trescientos pies de altura, ambos motores se pararon de repente. Bob Hoover, célèbre pilote d'essai et habitué des spectacles aériens, rentrait chez lui à Los Angeles après un spectacle aérien à San Diego. Como descrito na revista Flight Operations, a trezentos pés de altitude, os dois motores pararam subitamente. By deft maneuvering he managed to land the plane, but it was badly damaged although nobody was hurt. Mediante hábiles maniobras consiguió aterrizar el avión, pero éste resultó gravemente dañado aunque nadie resultó herido. Com manobras hábeis, ele conseguiu pousar o avião, mas ficou muito danificado, embora ninguém se machucasse.

Hoover's first act after the emergency landing was to inspect the airplane's fuel. El primer acto de Hoover tras el aterrizaje de emergencia fue inspeccionar el combustible del avión. En manœuvrant habilement, il a réussi à faire atterrir l'avion, mais celui-ci a été gravement endommagé bien que personne n'ait été blessé. O primeiro ato de Hoover após o pouso de emergência foi inspecionar o combustível do avião.

Just as he suspected, the World War II propeller plane he had been flying had been fueled with jet fuel rather than gasoline. Tal y como sospechaba, el avión de hélice de la Segunda Guerra Mundial que pilotaba había sido abastecido con combustible para reactores en lugar de gasolina. Le premier acte de Hoover après l'atterrissage d'urgence consistait à inspecter le carburant de l'avion. Assim como ele suspeitava, o avião a hélice da Segunda Guerra Mundial que ele pilotava havia sido abastecido com combustível de aviação, em vez de gasolina. 正如他所怀疑的那样，他所驾驶的第二次世界大战螺旋桨飞机是用喷气燃料而不是汽油作为燃料的。 Upon returning to the airport, he asked to see the mechanic who had serviced his airplane. Al volver al aeropuerto, pidió ver al mecánico que había revisado su avión. Comme il le soupçonnait, l'avion à hélices de la Seconde Guerre mondiale qu'il pilotait était alimenté au carburéacteur plutôt qu'à l'essence. Ao retornar ao aeroporto, ele pediu para ver o mecânico que havia feito a manutenção de seu avião. The young man was sick with the agony of his mistake. Der junge Mann war krank vor Kummer über seinen Fehler. El joven estaba enfermo por la agonía de su error. O jovem estava doente com a agonia de seu erro. Tears streamed down his face as Hoover approached. Tränen liefen über sein Gesicht, als Hoover sich näherte. Las lágrimas corrían por su rostro cuando Hoover se acercó. Lágrimas escorreram por seu rosto quando Hoover se aproximou. He had just caused the loss of a very expensive plane and could have caused the loss of three lives as well. Ele acabara de causar a perda de um avião muito caro e poderia ter causado a perda de três vidas também. You can imagine Hoover's anger. Puedes imaginarte el enfado de Hoover. Você pode imaginar a raiva de Hoover. One could anticipate the tongue - lashing that this proud and precise pilot would unleash for that carelessness. Man konnte die Zungenhiebe erwarten, die dieser stolze und präzise Pilot für diese Nachlässigkeit entfesseln würde. One could anticipate the tongue - lashing that this proud and precise pilot would unleash for that carelessness. Uno podía anticiparse a los latigazos que este orgulloso y preciso piloto soltaría por ese descuido. Pode-se antecipar a chicotada na língua que esse piloto orgulhoso e preciso desencadearia por esse descuido. But Hoover didn't scold the mechanic; he didn't even criticize him. Pero Hoover no regañó al mecánico; ni siquiera lo criticó. On pouvait anticiper les coups de langue que ce pilote fier et précis lâcherait pour cette imprudence. Mas Hoover não repreendeu o mecânico, nem sequer o criticou. Instead, he put his big arm around the man's shoulder and said, "To show you I'm sure that you'll never do this again, I want you to service my F-51 tomorrow." En lugar de eso, puso su gran brazo alrededor del hombro del hombre y le dijo: "Para demostrarte que estoy seguro de que no volverás a hacerlo, quiero que mañana hagas el mantenimiento de mi F-51". Mais Hoover n'a pas grondé le mécanicien; il ne l'a même pas critiqué. Em vez disso, ele colocou seu grande braço em volta do ombro do homem e disse: "Para lhe mostrar que tenho certeza de que você nunca mais fará isso, quero que faça a manutenção em meu F-51 amanhã." Often parents are tempted to criticize their children. A menudo los padres sienten la tentación de criticar a sus hijos. Freqüentemente, os pais são tentados a criticar os filhos. You would expect me to say "don't." Sie würden von mir erwarten, dass ich "nicht" sage. Esperarías que dijera "no lo hagas". Você esperaria que eu dissesse "não". But I will not, I am merely going to say, "Before you criticize them, read one of the classics of American journalism, 'Father Forgets.' Pero no lo haré, simplemente voy a decir: "Antes de criticarles, lean uno de los clásicos del periodismo estadounidense, 'El padre olvida'. Mas não vou, vou apenas dizer: "Antes de criticá-los, leia um dos clássicos do jornalismo americano, 'Pai Esquece'." 但是我不会，我只是说：“在批评他们之前，请阅读美国新闻经典之一，《父亲忘了》。 " It originally appeared as an editorial in the People's Home Journal. " Apareció originalmente como editorial en el People's Home Journnl. "Ele apareceu originalmente como um editorial no People's Home Journnl. We are reprinting it here with the author's permission, as condensed in the Reader's Digest: "Father Forgets" is one of those little pieces which-dashed of in a moment of sincere feeling - strikes an echoing chord in so many readers as to become a perenial reprint favorite. Wir drucken es hier mit Erlaubnis des Autors in der im Reader's Digest zusammengefassten Fassung ab: "Father Forgets" ist eines jener kleinen Stücke, die - in einem Moment aufrichtigen Gefühls aufgeschnappt - bei so vielen Lesern einen Widerhall finden, dass sie zu den Favoriten unter den Nachdrucken gehören. Lo reproducimos aquí con el permiso del autor, tal como aparece condensado en el Reader's Digest: "El padre olvida" es una de esas pequeñas piezas que, lanzadas en un momento de sincero sentimiento, tocan la fibra sensible de tantos lectores como para convertirse en un favorito de las reimpresiones perennes. Estamos reimprimindo-o aqui com a permissão do autor, conforme condensado no Reader's Digest: "Father Forgets" é uma daquelas peças que, frustradas em um momento de sincero sentimento, tocam um tom de eco em tantos leitores que se tornam um reimpressão perenial favorita. Reader's Digest'te özetlendiği şekliyle yazarın izniyle burada yeniden yayınlıyoruz: "Babam Unutuyor", samimi bir duygu anında kaleme alınan ve pek çok okuyucuda yankı uyandırarak yeniden basımların favorisi haline gelen küçük parçalardan biridir. 我们在这里经作者许可转载，摘自《读者文摘》：“父亲遗忘”是在真挚的感受中破灭的那些小片段之一-引起了众多读者的共鸣，成为多年生转载的最爱。 Since its first appearance, "Father Forgets" has been reproduced, writes the author, W, Livingston Larned, "in hundreds of magazines and houseorgans, and in newspapers the country over. Desde su primera aparición, "El padre olvida" ha sido reproducido, escribe su autor, W. Livingston Larned, "en cientos de revistas y órganos domésticos, y en periódicos de todo el país". Desde o seu primeiro aparecimento, "Father Forgets" foi reproduzido, escreve o autor, W, Livingston Larned, "em centenas de revistas e houseorgans e em jornais de todo o país. It has been reprinted almost as extensively in many foreign languages. Se ha reimpreso casi con la misma profusión en muchas lenguas extranjeras. Foi reimpresso quase tão extensivamente em muitas línguas estrangeiras. I have given personal permission to thousands who wished to read it from school,church, and lecture platforms. Ich habe Tausenden, die es lesen wollten, persönlich die Erlaubnis erteilt, es in Schulen, Kirchen und auf Vortragsplattformen zu lesen. He dado permiso personal a miles de personas que deseaban leerlo en la escuela, la iglesia y en conferencias. Dei permissão pessoal a milhares que desejam lê-lo na escola, na igreja e em plataformas de palestras. It has been 'on the air' on countless occasions and programs. Ha estado "en el aire" en innumerables ocasiones y programas. Esteve 'no ar' em inúmeras ocasiões e programas. 它在无数场合和节目中“播放”。 Oddly enough, college periodicals have used it, and high-school magazines. Curiosamente, lo han utilizado publicaciones periódicas universitarias y revistas de secundaria. Curiosamente, periódicos universitários o usaram, e revistas do ensino médio. Sometimes a little piece seems mysteriously to 'click.' Manchmal scheint es auf geheimnisvolle Weise 'klick' zu machen. A veces, una pequeña pieza parece hacer misteriosamente "clic". Às vezes, um pequeno pedaço parece misteriosamente 'clicar'. This one certainly did. " Este sí que lo hizo. " Este certamente o fez. "

FATHER FORGETS W. Livingston Larned EL PADRE OLVIDA A W. Livingston Larned

Listen, son: I am saying this as you lie asleep, one little paw crumpled under your cheek and the blond curls stickily wet on your damp forehead. Escucha, hijo: Te lo digo mientras duermes, con una patita arrugada bajo la mejilla y los rizos rubios pegajosamente mojados sobre la frente húmeda. Escute, filho: estou dizendo isso enquanto você dorme, uma patinha amassada sob sua bochecha e os cachos loiros pegajosos e molhados em sua testa úmida.

I have stolen into your room alone. Ich habe mich allein in dein Zimmer geschlichen. He entrado solo en tu habitación. Entrei no seu quarto sozinho. Just a few minutes ago, as I sat reading my paper in the library, a stifling wave of remorse swept over me. Als ich vor wenigen Minuten in der Bibliothek saß und meine Zeitung las, überkam mich eine Welle von Gewissensbissen. Hace unos minutos, mientras leía mi periódico en la biblioteca, me invadió una sofocante oleada de remordimientos. Apenas alguns minutos atrás, enquanto eu estava lendo meu jornal na biblioteca, uma onda sufocante de remorso tomou conta de mim. Guiltily I came to your bedside. Culpable, fui a tu cabecera. Culpado, vim para o seu lado There are the things I was thinking, son: I had been cross to you. Esas son las cosas que estaba pensando, hijo: Me había cruzado contigo. Há coisas que eu estava pensando, filho: eu estava zangado com você. I scolded you as you were dressing for school because you gave your face merely a dab with a towel. Ich habe dich ausgeschimpft, als du dich für die Schule angezogen hast, weil du dein Gesicht nur mit einem Handtuch abgetupft hast. Te regañé mientras te vestías para ir al colegio porque te diste un simple toque en la cara con la toalla. Il y a des choses auxquelles je pensais, mon fils: j'avais été mécontent de toi. Repreendi você enquanto se vestia para a escola, porque você apenas esfregou o rosto com uma toalha. I took you to task for not cleaning your shoes. Ich habe dich zur Rede gestellt, weil du deine Schuhe nicht geputzt hast. Te tomé la palabra por no limpiarte los zapatos. Je vous ai grondé alors que vous vous habilliez pour l'école parce que vous ne donniez à votre visage qu'un petit coup avec une serviette. Repreendi você por não limpar seus sapatos. 我带你去不洗鞋子的任务。 I called out angrily when you threw some of your things on the floor. Je vous ai pris à partie pour ne pas nettoyer vos chaussures. Gritei com raiva quando você jogou algumas de suas coisas no chão. At breakfast I found fault, too. Beim Frühstück habe ich auch etwas bemängelt. En el desayuno también encontré fallos. J'ai appelé avec colère lorsque vous avez jeté certaines de vos affaires par terre. No café da manhã, também encontrei falhas. You spilled things. Du hast Sachen verschüttet. Derramaste cosas. Au petit déjeuner, j'ai aussi trouvé des défauts. Você derramou coisas. You gulped down your food. Te tragaste la comida. Vous avez renversé des choses. Você engoliu sua comida. You put your elbows on the table. Pones los codos sobre la mesa. Vous avez avalé votre nourriture. Você coloca os cotovelos na mesa. You spread butter too thick on your bread. Sie haben Butter zu dick auf Ihr Brot gestrichen. Você espalhou manteiga demais no pão. And as you started off to play and I made for my train, you turned and waved a hand and called, "Goodbye, Daddy!" Und als du anfingst zu spielen und ich auf meinen Zug zuging, drehtest du dich um, winktest mit der Hand und riefst: "Auf Wiedersehen, Daddy!" Y cuando te ibas a jugar y yo me dirigía a mi tren, te volvías, agitabas una mano y decías: "¡Adiós, papá!". E quando você começou a tocar e eu fui para o meu trem, você se virou, acenou com a mão e disse: "Adeus, papai!" and I frowned, and said in reply, "Hold your shoulders back!" y yo fruncí el ceño, y dije en respuesta: "¡Mantén los hombros hacia atrás!". Et comme vous avez commencé à jouer et que je me suis dirigé vers mon train, vous avez tourné la main et vous avez appelé: "Au revoir, papa!" e eu franzi a testa e disse em resposta: "Mantenha seus ombros para trás!" Then it began all over again in the late afternoon. Luego volvió a empezar al final de la tarde. Então tudo começou de novo no final da tarde. As I came up the road I spied you, down on your knees, playing marbles. Als ich die Straße hinaufkam, sah ich dich auf den Knien, wie du mit Murmeln gespielt hast. Cuando subía por la carretera te vi, de rodillas, jugando a las canicas. Quando subi a estrada, vi você de joelhos, jogando bolinha de gude. There were holes in your stockings. Había agujeros en tus medias. Alors que je montais sur la route, je vous ai aperçu, à genoux, en train de jouer aux billes. Suas meias estavam furadas. I humiliated you before your boyfriends by marching you ahead of me to the house. Ich habe dich vor deinen Freunden gedemütigt, indem ich dich vor mir zum Haus geführt habe. Te humillé ante tus novios haciéndote marchar delante de mí hasta la casa. Eu humilhava você antes de seus namorados, marchando com você antes de mim para a casa. Stockings were expensive - and if you had to buy them you would be more careful! Las medias eran caras y, si tenías que comprarlas, ¡tenías más cuidado! Je t'ai humilié devant tes amis en te faisant marcher devant moi jusqu'à la maison. As meias eram caras - e se você tivesse que comprá-las, seria mais cuidadoso! Imagine that, son, from a father! ¡Imagínate, hijo, de un padre! Les bas étaient chers - et si vous deviez les acheter, vous feriez plus attention! Imagine só, filho, de pai!

Do you remember, later, when I was reading in the library, how you came in timidly, with a sort of hurt look in your eyes? Erinnerst du dich, wie du später, als ich in der Bibliothek las, schüchtern hereinkamst, mit einer Art verletztem Blick in deinen Augen? ¿Recuerdas, más tarde, cuando estaba leyendo en la biblioteca, cómo entraste tímidamente, con una especie de mirada herida en los ojos? Você se lembra, mais tarde, quando eu estava lendo na biblioteca, como você entrou timidamente, com uma expressão meio magoada nos olhos?

When I glanced up over my paper, impatient at the interruption, you hesitated at the door. Cuando levanté la vista por encima de mi periódico, impaciente por la interrupción, vacilaste en la puerta. Vous souvenez-vous, plus tard, quand je lisais dans la bibliothèque, comment vous êtes entré timidement, avec une sorte de regard blessé dans les yeux? Quando olhei por cima do jornal, impaciente com a interrupção, você hesitou na porta. "What is it you want?" "¿Qué es lo que quieres?" "O que é que você quer?" I snapped. Ich schnappte zu. Eu agarrei. You said nothing, but ran across in one tempestuous plunge, and threw your arms around my neck and kissed me, and your small arms tightened with an affection that God had set blooming in your heart and which even neglect could not wither. Du sagtest nichts, sondern ranntest in einem stürmischen Sprung hinüber, warfst deine Arme um meinen Hals und küsste mich, und deine kleinen Arme strafften sich mit einer Zuneigung, die Gott in deinem Herzen zum Blühen gebracht hatte und die auch durch Vernachlässigung nicht verwelken konnte. No dijiste nada, pero corriste hacia mí en una tempestuosa zambullida, me echaste los brazos al cuello y me besaste, y tus pequeños brazos se estrecharon con un afecto que Dios había hecho florecer en tu corazón y que ni siquiera la negligencia podía marchitar. J'ai craqué. Você não disse nada, mas correu em um mergulho tempestuoso, e jogou seus braços em volta do meu pescoço e me beijou, e seus braços pequenos se apertaram com uma afeição que Deus fez florescer em seu coração e que nem mesmo a negligência poderia murchar. 你什么也没说，但是突然跌跌撞撞地跳了起来，双臂抱住我的脖子，吻了我，小臂紧紧地抱住了上帝已经绽放在你心中的感情，即使忽略了也不会凋谢。 And then you were gone, pattering up the stairs. Y luego te fuiste, subiendo las escaleras. Tu n'as rien dit, mais tu as couru dans un plongeon tumultueux, jeté tes bras autour de mon cou et m'a embrassé, et tes petits bras se sont serrés avec une affection que Dieu avait mise dans ton cœur et que même la négligence ne pouvait dépérir. E então você se foi, subindo as escadas. Well, son, it was shortly afterwards that my paper slipped from my hands and a terrible sickening fear came over me. Pues bien, hijo, fue poco después cuando el periódico se me resbaló de las manos y me invadió un terrible miedo nauseabundo. Et puis vous étiez parti, grimpant les escaliers. Bem, filho, foi pouco depois que meu jornal escorregou de minhas mãos e um medo terrível e nauseante tomou conta de mim. What has habit been doing to me? Was hat die Gewohnheit mit mir gemacht? ¿Qué me ha estado haciendo el hábito? O que o hábito está fazendo comigo? The habit of finding fault, of reprimanding - this was my reward to you for being a boy. El hábito de encontrar faltas, de reprender - esta fue mi recompensa para ti por ser un niño. Qu'est-ce que l'habitude m'a fait? O hábito de criticar, de repreender - essa foi minha recompensa por você ser um menino. It was not that I did not love you; it was that I expected too much of youth. No es que no te quisiera; es que esperaba demasiado de la juventud. Não que eu não te amasse; era que eu esperava muito da juventude. I was measuring you by the yardstick of my own years. Te estaba midiendo con el rasero de mis propios años. Eu estava medindo você pelo padrão de meus anos. And there was so much that was good and fine and true in your character. Y había tanto que era bueno y fino y verdadero en tu carácter. E havia muitas coisas boas, boas e verdadeiras em seu personagem. The little heart of you was as big as the dawn itself over the wide hills. Tu pequeño corazón era tan grande como el mismo amanecer sobre las amplias colinas. Seu pequeno coração era tão grande quanto o próprio amanhecer sobre as colinas largas. This was shown by your spontaneous impulse to rush in and kiss me good night. Así lo demostró su impulso espontáneo de precipitarse y darme un beso de buenas noches. Isso foi demonstrado pelo seu impulso espontâneo de entrar correndo e me dar um beijo de boa noite. Nothing else matters tonight, son. Nichts anderes zählt heute Nacht, mein Sohn. Nada más importa esta noche, hijo. I have come to your bed-side in the darkness, and I have knelt there, ashamed! He venido a tu lecho en la oscuridad, y me he arrodillado allí, avergonzado. Eu vim para o seu lado da cama na escuridão e me ajoelhei lá, envergonhado!

It is a feeble atonement; I know you would not understand these things if I told them to you during your waking hours. Es una débil expiación; sé que no entenderías estas cosas si te las contara durante tus horas de vigilia. É uma expiação débil; Sei que você não entenderia essas coisas se eu contasse a você durante as horas de vigília.

But tomorrow I will be a real daddy! ¡Pero mañana seré papá de verdad! C'est une faible expiation; Je sais que vous ne comprendriez pas ces choses si je vous les disais pendant vos heures de réveil. Mas amanhã serei um papai de verdade! I will chum with you, and suffer when you suffer, and laugh when you laugh. Seré tu amigo, sufriré cuando sufras y reiré cuando rías. Vou ser amigo de você e sofrer quando você sofrer e rir quando você rir. I will bite my tongue when impatient words come. Me morderé la lengua cuando vengan palabras impacientes. Vou morder minha língua quando palavras impacientes vierem. 不耐烦的话到时我会咬我的舌头。 I will keep saying as if it were a ritual: "He is nothing but a boy - a little boy!" Ich werde immer wieder sagen, als wäre es ein Ritual: "Er ist nichts als ein Junge - ein kleiner Junge!" Seguiré diciendo como si fuera un ritual: "No es más que un niño, ¡un niño pequeño!". Vou continuar dizendo como se fosse um ritual: "Ele não é nada além de um menino - um menino!" I am afraid I have visualized you as a man. Me temo que te he visualizado como un hombre. Receio ter visualizado você como um homem. Yet as I see you now, son, crumpled and weary in your cot, I see that you are still a baby. Sin embargo, al verte ahora, hijo, arrugado y cansado en tu cuna, veo que todavía eres un bebé. J'ai bien peur de vous avoir imaginé en tant qu'homme. No entanto, ao vê-lo agora, filho, amarrotado e cansado em seu berço, vejo que ainda é um bebê. Yesterday you were in your mother's arms, your head on her shoulder. Ayer estabas en brazos de tu madre, con la cabeza apoyada en su hombro. Pourtant, alors que je te vois maintenant, fils froissé et fatigué dans ton berceau, je vois que tu es toujours un bébé. Ontem você estava nos braços de sua mãe, com a cabeça apoiada no ombro dela. I have asked too much, too much. Ich habe zu viel verlangt, zu viel. He pedido demasiado, demasiado. Eu pedi muito, muito. Instead of condemning people, let's try to understand them. En lugar de condenar a la gente, intentemos comprenderla. Em vez de condenar as pessoas, vamos tentar entendê-las. Let's try to figure out why they do what they do. Intentemos averiguar por qué hacen lo que hacen. Au lieu de condamner les gens, essayons de les comprendre. Vamos tentar descobrir por que eles fazem o que fazem. That's a lot more profitable and intriguing than criticism; and it breeds sympathy, tolerance and kindness. Eso es mucho más provechoso e intrigante que la crítica; y genera simpatía, tolerancia y amabilidad. Isso é muito mais lucrativo e intrigante do que crítica; e gera simpatia, tolerância e bondade. "To know all is to forgive all." "Alles wissen heißt alles vergeben". "Conocerlo todo es perdonarlo todo". C'est beaucoup plus rentable et intriguant que la critique; et cela engendre la sympathie, la tolérance et la gentillesse. "Saber tudo é perdoar a todos." “知道一切就是宽恕一切。” As Dr. Johnson said: "God himself, sir, does not propose to judge man until the end of his days. " Como dijo el Dr. Johnson: "Dios mismo, señor, no se propone juzgar al hombre hasta el fin de sus días. " "Tout savoir, c'est tout pardonner." Como disse o Dr. Johnson: "O próprio Deus, senhor, não se propõe a julgar o homem até o fim de seus dias."

Why should you and I? Porque é que eu e tu deveríamos?

· Principle 1 - Don't criticize, condemn or complain. - Principio 1 - No critiques, condenes ni te quejes. · Princípio 1 - Não critique, condene ou reclame.

2 - The Big Secret Of Dealing With People 2 - El gran secreto del trato con la gente 2 - O grande segredo para lidar com pessoas

There is only one way under high heaven to get anybody to do anything. Es gibt nur einen Weg unter dem Himmel, jemanden dazu zu bringen, etwas zu tun. Sólo hay una manera bajo el cielo de conseguir que alguien haga algo. Sob o céu só existe uma maneira de fazer com que alguém faça alguma coisa.

Did you ever stop to think of that? ¿Alguna vez te has parado a pensarlo? Você já parou para pensar nisso? Yes, just one way. Sí, sólo de una manera. Sim, apenas uma maneira. And that is by making the other person want to do it. Und zwar, indem man die andere Person dazu bringt, es zu wollen. Y eso es haciendo que la otra persona quiera hacerlo. E isso é fazendo com que a outra pessoa queira fazer isso. Remember, there is no other way. Recuerda, no hay otra manera. Lembre-se de que não há outra maneira. Of course, you can make someone want to give you his watch by sticking a revolver in his ribs. Por supuesto, puedes hacer que alguien quiera darte su reloj clavándole un revólver en las costillas. Claro, você pode fazer alguém querer lhe dar seu relógio enfiando um revólver nas costelas. 当然，您可以通过将左轮手枪插入肋骨来使某人想要给您手表。 YOU can make your employees give you cooperation - until your back is turned - by threatening to fire them. TÚ puedes hacer que tus empleados te presten su colaboración -hasta que les des la espalda- amenazándoles con despedirles. VOCÊ pode fazer seus funcionários lhe darem cooperação - até que você dê as costas - ameaçando demiti-los. You can make a child do what you want it to do by a whip or a threat. Puedes hacer que un niño haga lo que quieres que haga mediante un látigo o una amenaza. Você pode fazer uma criança fazer o que você quer com um chicote ou uma ameaça. But these crude methods have sharply undesirable repercussions. Diese groben Methoden haben jedoch sehr unerwünschte Auswirkungen. Pero estos métodos rudimentarios tienen repercusiones marcadamente indeseables. Mas esses métodos rudes têm repercussões indesejáveis. The only way I can get you to do anything is by giving you what you want. La única forma de conseguir que hagas algo es dándote lo que quieres. A única maneira de fazer com que você faça alguma coisa é dando o que você quer. What do you want? ¿Qué es lo que quieres? La seule façon pour vous de faire quoi que ce soit est de vous donner ce que vous voulez. Sigmund Freud said that everything you and I do springs from two motives: the sex urge and the desire to be great. Sigmund Freud sagte, dass alles, was Sie und ich tun, zwei Motiven entspringt: dem Sextrieb und dem Wunsch, großartig zu sein. Sigmund Freud dijo que todo lo que usted y yo hacemos surge de dos motivos: el impulso sexual y el deseo de ser grande. Sigmund Freud disse que tudo que você e eu fazemos surge de dois motivos: o desejo sexual e o desejo de ser grande. John Dewey, one of America's most profound philosophers, phrased it a bit differently. John Dewey, uno de los filósofos más profundos de Estados Unidos, lo expresó de forma algo diferente. Sigmund Freud a déclaré que tout ce que vous faites et moi-même découle de deux motifs: l'envie de sexe et le désir d'être grand. John Dewey, um dos filósofos mais profundos da América, expressou isso de maneira um pouco diferente. Dr. Dewey said that the deepest urge in human nature is "the desire to be important." El Dr. Dewey decía que el impulso más profundo de la naturaleza humana es "el deseo de ser importante". O Dr. Dewey disse que o desejo mais profundo da natureza humana é "o desejo de ser importante". Remember that phrase: "the desire to be important." Denken Sie an diesen Satz: „Der Wunsch, wichtig zu sein.“ Recuerda esa frase: "el deseo de ser importante". Lembre-se dessa frase: "o desejo de ser importante". It is significant. Es significativo. É significativo. You are going to hear a lot about it in this book. Vas a oír hablar mucho de ello en este libro. Você vai ouvir muito sobre isso neste livro. What do you want? Not many things, but the few that you do wish, you crave with an insistence that will not be denied. Was willst du? Nicht viele Dinge, aber die wenigen, die du dir wünschst, sehnst du dich mit einer Beharrlichkeit, die nicht geleugnet werden kann. ¿Qué deseas? No muchas cosas, pero las pocas que deseas, las anhelas con una insistencia que no te será negada. O que você quer? Não muitas coisas, mas as poucas que você deseja, você almeja com uma insistência que não será negada. Some of the things most people want include: 1. Zu den Dingen, die sich die meisten Menschen wünschen, gehören: 1. Algunas de las cosas que la mayoría de la gente quiere son 1. Algumas das coisas que a maioria das pessoas deseja incluem: 1. Health and the preservation of life. La salud y la preservación de la vida. Peu de choses, mais le peu que vous souhaitez, vous désirez avec une insistance qui ne sera pas niée. Saúde e preservação da vida. 健康与保存生命。 2\\. 2\\. 2 \\\\. Food. Comida. Comida. 3\\. Sleep. Duerme. 4\\. 4\\. Money and the things money will buy. Geld und die Dinge, die Geld kaufen wird. El dinero y las cosas que el dinero compra. O dinheiro e as coisas que o dinheiro compra. 5\\. Life in the hereafter. Leben im Jenseits. La vida en el más allá. Vida no além. 以后的生活。 6\\. Sexual gratification. Gratificación sexual. Gratificação sexual. 7\\. The well-being of our children. Das Wohl unserer Kinder. El bienestar de nuestros hijos. O bem-estar de nossos filhos. 8\\. A feeling of importance. Un sentimiento de importancia. Um sentimento de importância. Almost all these wants are usually gratified-all except one. Fast alle diese Bedürfnisse werden in der Regel befriedigt - bis auf eines. Casi todos estos deseos suelen satisfacerse, excepto uno. Quase todos esses desejos são geralmente satisfeitos - todos, exceto um. But there is one longing - almost as deep, almost as imperious, as the desire for food or sleep - which is seldom gratified. Aber es gibt eine Sehnsucht – fast so tief, fast so gebieterisch wie das Verlangen nach Nahrung oder Schlaf – die selten befriedigt wird. Pero hay un anhelo -casi tan profundo, casi tan imperioso, como el deseo de comer o de dormir- que rara vez se satisface. Mas existe um desejo - quase tão profundo, quase tão imperioso quanto o desejo de comer ou dormir - que raramente é satisfeito. It is what Freud calls "the desire to be great." Es ist das, was Freud „den Wunsch, groß zu sein“ nennt. Presque tous ces besoins sont généralement satisfaits - tous sauf un. É o que Freud chama de "desejo de ser grande". It is what Dewey calls the "desire to be important." Es lo que Dewey llama el "deseo de ser importante". Mais il existe un désir - presque aussi profond, presque aussi impérieux, que le désir de manger ou de dormir - qui est rarement gratifié. É o que Dewey chama de "desejo de ser importante". Lincoln once began a letter saying: "Everybody likes a compliment." C'est ce que Freud appelle "le désir d'être grand". Lincoln certa vez começou uma carta dizendo: "Todo mundo gosta de elogios". William James said: "The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated." William James dijo: "El principio más profundo de la naturaleza humana es el ansia de ser apreciado". William James disse: "O princípio mais profundo da natureza humana é o desejo de ser apreciado." He didn't speak, mind you, of the "wish" or the "desire" or the "longing" to be appreciated. Wohlgemerkt, er sprach nicht von dem „Wunsch“ oder dem „Verlangen“ oder der „Sehnsucht“, geschätzt zu werden. No habló, eso sí, del "deseo" o el "anhelo" de ser apreciado. Ele não falou, veja bem, do "desejo" ou do "desejo" ou do "anseio" de ser apreciado. He said the "craving" to be appreciated. Er sagte, das „Verlangen“, geschätzt zu werden. Dijo que el "ansia" de ser apreciado. William James a déclaré: "Le principe le plus profond de la nature humaine est le désir ardent d'être apprécié." Ele disse que o "desejo" de ser apreciado.

Here is a gnawing and unfaltering human hunger, and the rare individual who honestly satisfies this heart hunger will hold people in the palm of his or her hand and "even the undertaker will be sorry when he dies. Hier ist ein nagender und unerschütterlicher menschlicher Hunger, und der seltene Mensch, der diesen Herzenshunger ehrlich stillt, wird die Menschen in seiner oder ihrer Hand halten und „selbst der Bestatter wird es bereuen, wenn er stirbt. Aquí hay un hambre humana persistente e inquebrantable, y el raro individuo que satisfaga honestamente esta hambre del corazón tendrá a la gente en la palma de su mano y "hasta el enterrador se arrepentirá cuando muera". Aqui está uma fome humana persistente e persistente, e o raro indivíduo que satisfaz honestamente essa fome do coração terá as pessoas na palma de sua mão e "até mesmo o agente funerário ficará arrependido quando morrer. 这是一种不休，坚定不移的人类饥饿，而诚实地满足这种心饥饿感的稀有个体会将人们握在他或她的手掌中，“即使承办人死了，他也会感到抱歉。

" The desire for a feeling of importance is one of the chief distinguishing differences between mankind and the animals. „Der Wunsch nach Wichtigkeit ist einer der Hauptunterschiede zwischen Mensch und Tier. " El deseo de sentirse importante es una de las principales diferencias entre el hombre y los animales. “O desejo por um sentimento de importância é uma das principais diferenças que distinguem entre a humanidade e os animais. To illustrate: When I was a farm boy out in Missouri, my father bred fine Duroc-Jersey hogs and . Zur Veranschaulichung: Als ich ein Bauernjunge in Missouri war, züchtete mein Vater feine Duroc-Jersey-Schweine und . Para ilustrarlo: Cuando era granjero en Missouri, mi padre criaba cerdos Duroc-Jersey y... Une faim humaine rongeante et inébranlable, et le rare individu qui satisfait honnêtement ce coeur-faim tiendra les gens dans la paume de sa main et "même l’entrepreneur de pompes funèbres sera désolé quand il mourra. Para ilustrar: Quando eu era garoto de fazenda no Missouri, meu pai criava porcos finos de Duroc-Jersey e. pedigreed white - faced cattle. reinrassige, weißgesichtige Rinder. ganado de raza blanca. gado de raça branca com pedigree. We used to exhibit our hogs and white-faced cattle at the country fairs and live - stock shows throughout the Middle West. Solíamos exponer nuestros cerdos y ganado vacuno de cara blanca en las ferias rurales y exposiciones de ganado vivo de todo el Medio Oeste. Costumávamos expor nossos porcos e gado de cara branca nas feiras do país e shows ao vivo em todo o Oriente Médio. We won first prizes by the score. Wir haben die ersten Preise durch die Punktzahl gewonnen. Ganamos los primeros premios por goleada. Ganhamos os primeiros prêmios pelo placar. 我们以分数赢得了第一名。 My father pinned his blue ribbons on a sheet of white muslin, and when friends or visitors came to the house, he would get out the long sheet of muslin. Mein Vater steckte seine blauen Bänder auf ein weißes Musselintuch, und wenn Freunde oder Besucher ins Haus kamen, holte er das lange Musselintuch heraus. Mi padre prendía sus cintas azules en una sábana de muselina blanca y, cuando venían amigos o visitas a casa, sacaba la larga sábana de muselina. Meu pai prendeu suas fitas azuis em uma folha de musselina branca e, quando amigos ou visitantes chegavam à casa, ele pegava a longa folha de musselina. 父亲把他的蓝丝带绑在一张白色的平纹细布上，当朋友或来访者到屋子时，他会拿出长长的一张平纹细布。 He would hold one end and I would hold the other while he exhibited the blue ribbons. Él sujetaba un extremo y yo el otro mientras exhibía las cintas azules. Ele segurava uma ponta e eu segurava a outra enquanto ele exibia as fitas azuis. The hogs didn't care about the ribbons they had won. A los cerdos no les importaban las cintas que habían ganado. Os porcos não se importavam com as fitas que haviam ganhado. But Father did. Mas papai sim. These prizes gave him a feeling of importance. Estos premios le dieron una sensación de importancia. Les porcs se moquaient des rubans qu'ils avaient gagnés. Esses prêmios deram a ele um sentimento de importância. If our ancestors hadn't had this flaming urge for a feeling of importance, civilization would have been impossible. Hätten unsere Vorfahren nicht diesen flammenden Drang nach Wichtigkeit gehabt, wäre die Zivilisation unmöglich gewesen. Si nuestros antepasados no hubieran tenido ese ardiente deseo de sentirse importantes, la civilización habría sido imposible. Se nossos ancestrais não tivessem esse desejo ardente de um sentimento de importância, a civilização teria sido impossível. Without it, we should have been just about like animals. Ohne sie wären wir fast wie Tiere gewesen. Sin ella, seríamos como animales. Sem ele, seríamos quase como animais. It was this desire for a feeling of importance that led an uneducated, poverty-stricken grocery clerk to study some law books he found in the bottom of a barrel of household plunder that he had bought for fifty cents. Es war dieser Wunsch nach Bedeutung, der einen ungebildeten, von Armut geplagten Lebensmittelkaufmann dazu veranlasste, einige Gesetzesbücher zu studieren, die er auf dem Boden eines Fasses mit Haushaltsbeute fand, das er für fünfzig Cent gekauft hatte. Fue este deseo de sentirse importante lo que llevó a un empleado de ultramarinos sin educación y sumido en la pobreza a estudiar unos libros de derecho que encontró en el fondo de un barril de botín doméstico que había comprado por cincuenta céntimos. Si nos ancêtres n'avaient pas eu ce désir ardent de ressentir de l'importance, la civilisation aurait été impossible. Foi esse desejo de um sentimento de importância que levou um balconista sem educação e atingido pela pobreza a estudar alguns livros de direito que encontrou no fundo de um barril de pilhagem que comprou por cinquenta centavos. 正是这种对一种重要感觉的渴望促使一个没有受过教育的，贫穷的杂货店店员研究了他在以50美分购买的一桶家庭掠夺活动的底部发现的一些法律书籍。 You have probably heard of this grocery clerk. Seguro que has oído hablar de este dependiente de supermercado. Você provavelmente já ouviu falar deste balconista. His name was Lincoln. C’est ce désir de ressentir de l’importance qui a poussé un commis d’épicerie peu éduqué et sans ressources à étudier des livres de droit qu’il avait trouvés au fond d’un tonneau de butin de ménage qu’il avait acheté pour cinquante cents.

It was this desire for a feeling of importance that inspired Dickens to write his immortal novels. Fue este deseo de sentirse importante lo que inspiró a Dickens a escribir sus inmortales novelas. Foi esse desejo de um sentimento de importância que inspirou Dickens a escrever seus romances imortais.

This desire inspired Sir Christoper Wren to design his symphonies in stone. Este deseo inspiró a Sir Christoper Wren para diseñar sus sinfonías en piedra. Esse desejo inspirou Sir Christoper Wren a projetar suas sinfonias em pedra. This desire made Rockefeller amass millions that he never spent! Dieser Wunsch ließ Rockefeller Millionen anhäufen, die er nie ausgab! Este deseo hizo que Rockefeller amasara millones que nunca gastó. Esse desejo fez Rockefeller acumular milhões que ele nunca gastou! And this same desire made the richest family in your town build a house far too large for its requirements. Und genau dieser Wunsch hat die reichste Familie in Ihrer Stadt dazu gebracht, ein Haus zu bauen, das viel zu groß für ihre Anforderungen ist. Y este mismo deseo hizo que la familia más rica de su ciudad construyera una casa demasiado grande para sus necesidades. E esse mesmo desejo fez com que a família mais rica da sua cidade construísse uma casa grande demais para suas necessidades. This desire makes you want to wear the latest styles, drive the latest cars, and talk about your brilliant children. Esse desejo faz você querer usar os estilos mais recentes, dirigir os carros mais recentes e falar sobre seus filhos brilhantes. It is this desire that lures many boys and girls into joining gangs and engaging in criminal activities. Es este deseo el que atrae a muchos chicos y chicas a unirse a bandas y participar en actividades delictivas. É esse desejo que atrai muitos meninos e meninas para ingressar em gangues e se envolver em atividades criminosas. The average young criminal, according to E. P. Mulrooney, onetime police commissioner of New York, is filled with ego, and his first request after arrest is for those lurid newspapers that make him out a hero. El joven delincuente medio, según E. P. Mulrooney, antiguo comisario de policía de Nueva York, está lleno de ego, y su primera petición tras el arresto son esos periódicos escabrosos que lo convierten en un héroe. O jovem criminoso médio, de acordo com EP Mulrooney, ex-comissário de polícia de Nova York, está cheio de ego, e seu primeiro pedido após a prisão é para os jornais chocantes que o tornam um herói. The disagreeable prospect of serving time seems remote so long as he can gloat over his likeness sharing space with pictures of sports figures, movie and TV stars and politicians. Die unangenehme Aussicht, Zeit zu verbüßen, scheint weit entfernt, solange er sich über sein Ebenbild freuen kann, das den Raum mit Bildern von Sportlern, Film- und Fernsehstars und Politikern teilt. La desagradable perspectiva de cumplir condena parece remota mientras pueda regodearse en que su imagen comparta espacio con fotos de figuras del deporte, estrellas del cine y la televisión y políticos. A perspectiva desagradável de cumprir o tempo parece remota, desde que ele possa se gabar de sua aparência compartilhando espaço com fotos de figuras esportivas, estrelas de cinema e TV e políticos. If you tell me how you get your feeling of importance, I'll tell you what you are. Wenn du mir sagst, woher du dein Gefühl der Wichtigkeit nimmst, sage ich dir, was du bist. Si me dices cómo consigues tu sentimiento de importancia, te diré lo que eres. Selon EP Mulrooney, ancien commissaire de police de New York, le jeune criminel moyen est rempli d’ego, et sa première demande, après son arrestation, concerne les journaux sournois qui font de lui un héros. Se você me disser como consegue seu sentimento de importância, direi o que você é. That determines your character. Das bestimmt deinen Charakter. Eso determina tu carácter. La perspective désagréable de purger sa peine semble lointaine tant qu'il peut admirer son identité, partageant l'espace avec des images de personnalités sportives, de stars de cinéma et de télévision et de politiciens. Isso determina seu caráter. That is the most significant thing about you. Das ist das Wichtigste an dir. Essa é a coisa mais importante em si. For example, John D. Rockefeller got his feeling of importance by giving money to erect a modern hospital in Peking, China, to care for millions of poor people whom he had never seen and never would see. Por ejemplo, John D. Rockefeller consiguió su sentimiento de importancia dando dinero para erigir un moderno hospital en Pekín, China, para atender a millones de pobres a los que nunca había visto ni vería. Por exemplo, John D. Rockefeller teve seu sentimento de importância ao dar dinheiro para construir um hospital moderno em Pequim, China, para cuidar de milhões de pessoas pobres que ele nunca tinha visto e nunca veria. Dillinger, on the other hand, got his feeling of importance by being a bandit, a bank robber and killer. Dillinger, por su parte, consiguió su sentimiento de importancia siendo un bandido, un atracador de bancos y un asesino. Dillinger, por outro lado, adquiriu seu sentimento de importância por ser um bandido, um ladrão de banco e assassino. When the FBI agents were hunting him, he dashed into a farmhouse up in Minnesota and said, "I'm Dillinger!" Als die FBI-Agenten ihn jagten, stürzte er in ein Farmhaus in Minnesota und sagte: "Ich bin Dillinger!" Cuando los agentes del FBI le perseguían, entró corriendo en una granja de Minnesota y dijo: "¡Soy Dillinger!". Par exemple, John D. Rockefeller a obtenu son sentiment d’importance en donnant de l’argent pour la construction d’un hôpital moderne à Pékin, en Chine, afin de soigner des millions de pauvres qu’il n’avait jamais vus et ne verrait jamais. Quando os agentes do FBI o estavam caçando, ele entrou correndo em uma casa de fazenda em Minnesota e disse: "Meu nome é Dillinger!" He was proud of the fact that he was Public Enemy Number One. Estaba orgulloso de ser el enemigo público número uno. Orgulhava-se do facto de ser o Inimigo Público Número Um. "I'm not going to hurt you, but I'm Dillinger!" "¡No voy a hacerte daño, pero soy Dillinger!" Alors que les agents du FBI le recherchaient, il se précipita dans une ferme du Minnesota et dit: "Je suis Dillinger!" "Eu não te vou magoar, mas eu sou o Dillinger!" he said. dijo. Yes, the one significant difference between Dillinger and Rockefeller is how they got their feeling of importance. Sí, la única diferencia significativa entre Dillinger y Rockefeller es cómo consiguieron su sentimiento de importancia. Sim, a única diferença significativa entre Dillinger e Rockefeller é como eles adquiriram seu sentimento de importância. History sparkles with amusing examples of famous people struggling for a feeling of importance. Die Geschichte glänzt mit amüsanten Beispielen berühmter Persönlichkeiten, die um ein Gefühl der Bedeutung kämpfen. La historia brilla con divertidos ejemplos de personajes famosos que luchan por sentirse importantes. A história está repleta de exemplos divertidos de pessoas famosas que lutam por um sentimento de importância. 历史上闪耀着许多著名人物在奋力争取重要地位的有趣例子。 Even George Washington wanted to be called "His Mightiness, the President of the United States"; and Columbus pleaded for the title "Admiral of the Ocean and Viceroy of India." Incluso George Washington quiso ser llamado "Su Alteza, el Presidente de los Estados Unidos"; y Colón abogó por el título de "Almirante del Océano y Virrey de la India". Oui, la différence importante entre Dillinger et Rockefeller réside dans le sentiment d’importance qu’ils ressentent. Até George Washington queria ser chamado de "Seu Poderoso, o Presidente dos Estados Unidos"; e Colombo pleiteou o título de "Almirante do Oceano e Vice-Rei da Índia". Catherine the Great refused to open letters that were not addressed to "Her Imperial Majesty"; and Mrs. Lincoln, in the White House, turned upon Mrs. Grant like a tigress and shouted, "How dare you be seated in my presence until I invite you! " Katharina die Große weigerte sich, Briefe zu öffnen, die nicht an "Ihre kaiserliche Majestät" adressiert waren, und Mrs. Lincoln stürzte sich im Weißen Haus wie eine Tigerin auf Mrs. Grant und schrie: "Wie können Sie es wagen, sich in meiner Gegenwart zu setzen, bevor ich Sie nicht eingeladen habe! " Catarina, a Grande, recusou-se a abrir cartas que não fossem endereçadas a "Sua Majestade Imperial"; e a Sra. Lincoln, na Casa Branca, voltou-se para a Sra. Grant como uma tigresa e gritou: "Como se atreve a sentar-se na minha presença até que eu a convide!" 凯瑟琳大帝拒绝公开未写给“女王Imperial下”的信件；林肯夫人在白宫里像母老虎一样对格兰特夫人大喊，“你怎么敢坐在我面前直到我邀请你！”

Our millionaires helped finance Admiral Byrd's expedition to the Antarctic in 1928 with the understanding that ranges of icy mountains would be named after them; and Victor Hugo aspired to have nothing less than the city of Paris renamed in his honor. Nuestros millonarios ayudaron a financiar la expedición del almirante Byrd a la Antártida en 1928, en el entendimiento de que las cordilleras de montañas heladas llevarían su nombre; y Victor Hugo aspiraba a que nada menos que la ciudad de París fuera rebautizada en su honor. Nossos milionários ajudaram a financiar a expedição do almirante Byrd à Antártica em 1928 com o entendimento de que cadeias de montanhas geladas receberiam seu nome; e Victor Hugo aspirava ter nada menos do que a cidade de Paris rebatizada em sua homenagem. 我们的百万富翁为1938年伯德海军上将远征南极之旅提供了资金，但他们的理解是冰山山脉将以它们命名。维克多·雨果（Victor Hugo）渴望拥有无数的东西，以他的荣誉更名巴黎市。

Even Shakespeare, mightiest of the mighty, tried to add luster to his name by procuring a coat of arms for his family. Sogar Shakespeare, der Mächtigste der Mächtigen, versuchte, seinem Namen Glanz zu verleihen, indem er seiner Familie ein Wappen verschaffte. Incluso Shakespeare, el más poderoso de los poderosos, intentó dar lustre a su nombre procurándose un escudo de armas para su familia. Catherine la Grande a refusé d'ouvrir des lettres qui n'étaient pas adressées à "Sa Majesté Impériale"; et Mme Lincoln, à la Maison Blanche, se tourna vers Mme Grant comme une tigresse et cria: "Comment osez-vous être assis devant moi jusqu'à ce que je vous invite!" Até Shakespeare, o mais poderoso dos poderosos, tentou adicionar brilho ao seu nome adquirindo um brasão para sua família. 即使是最强大的莎士比亚，也试图通过为他的家人购置徽章来为他的名字增光添彩。 People sometimes became invalids in order to win sympathy and attention, and get a feeling of importance. A veces la gente se convertía en inválida para ganar simpatía y atención, y conseguir una sensación de importancia. As pessoas às vezes se tornavam inválidas para ganhar simpatia e atenção e obter um sentimento de importância. For example, take Mrs. McKinley. Por ejemplo, la Sra. McKinley. Même Shakespeare, le plus puissant des puissants, a essayé d'ajouter du lustre à son nom en procurant un blason à sa famille. Por exemplo, veja a Sra. McKinley. She got a feeling of importance by forcing her husband, the President of the United States, to neglect important affairs of state while he reclined on the bed beside her for hours at a time, his arm about her, soothing her to sleep. Sie verschaffte sich ein Gefühl der Wichtigkeit, indem sie ihren Mann, den Präsidenten der Vereinigten Staaten, dazu zwang, wichtige Staatsgeschäfte zu vernachlässigen, während er stundenlang neben ihr auf dem Bett lag, den Arm um sie legte und sie in den Schlaf wiegte. Consiguió sentirse importante obligando a su marido, el Presidente de los Estados Unidos, a desatender importantes asuntos de Estado mientras él se reclinaba en la cama a su lado durante horas enteras, con el brazo sobre ella, calmándola hasta que se dormía. Les gens sont parfois devenus des invalides afin de gagner la sympathie et l'attention, et de se sentir importants. Ela teve um sentimento de importância ao forçar o marido, o Presidente dos Estados Unidos, a negligenciar assuntos importantes do estado, enquanto ele se reclinava na cama ao lado dela por horas seguidas, o braço em volta dela, acalmando-a para dormir. She fed her gnawing desire for attention by insisting that he remain with her while she was having her teeth fixed, and once created a stormy scene when he had to leave her alone with the dentist while he kept an appointment with John Hay, his secretary of state. Sie nährte ihren nagenden Wunsch nach Aufmerksamkeit, indem sie darauf bestand, dass er bei ihr blieb, während sie ihre Zähne reparieren ließ, und sorgte einmal für eine stürmische Szene, als er sie beim Zahnarzt allein lassen musste, während er einen Termin mit John Hay, seiner Sekretärin, wahrnahm Zustand. Alimentó su ansia de atención insistiendo en que se quedara con ella mientras le arreglaban los dientes, y una vez montó una escena tormentosa cuando tuvo que dejarla a solas con el dentista mientras acudía a una cita con John Hay, su secretario de Estado. Ela alimentou seu desejo crescente de atenção, insistindo que ele ficasse com ela enquanto ela estava fazendo os dentes, e certa vez criou uma cena tempestuosa quando ele teve que deixá-la sozinha com o dentista enquanto ele tinha uma consulta com John Hay, sua secretária de Estado. The writer Mary Roberts Rinehart once told me of a bright, vigorous young woman who became an invalid in order to get a feeling of importance. Die Schriftstellerin Mary Roberts Rinehart erzählte mir einmal von einer aufgeweckten, energischen jungen Frau, die Invalide wurde, um sich ein Gefühl von Wichtigkeit zu verschaffen. La escritora Mary Roberts Rinehart me habló una vez de una joven brillante y vigorosa que se convirtió en inválida para sentirse importante. Elle a eu un sentiment d’importance en forçant son mari, le président des États-Unis, à négliger d’importantes affaires d’État, alors qu’il restait allongé sur le lit à côté d’elle pendant des heures, le bras autour de lui, pour l’endormir. A escritora Mary Roberts Rinehart me falou uma vez de uma jovem brilhante e vigorosa que se tornou inválida para obter um sentimento de importância. "One day," said Mrs. Rinehart, "this woman had been obliged to face something, her age perhaps. „Eines Tages“, sagte Mrs. Rinehart, „war diese Frau gezwungen, sich etwas zu stellen, vielleicht in ihrem Alter. Elle a nourri son désir d'attirer l'attention en insistant sur le fait qu'il restait avec elle alors que ses dents étaient réparées. Etat. “Um dia,” disse a Sra. Rinehart, “esta mulher foi obrigada a enfrentar algo, sua idade talvez. 里内哈特夫人说：“有一天，这个女人不得不面对一些事情，也许是她的年龄。 The lonely years were stretching ahead and there was little left for her to anticipate. Die einsamen Jahre lagen vor ihr und es gab wenig, mit dem sie rechnen konnte. Los años de soledad se alargaban y le quedaba poco por anticipar. Os anos solitários estavam se estendendo e ela não tinha muito o que esperar. "She took to her bed; and for ten years her old mother traveled to the third floor and back, carrying trays, nursing her. „Sie legte sich ins Bett, und zehn Jahre lang reiste ihre alte Mutter in den dritten Stock und zurück, trug Tabletts und pflegte sie. "Se acostó en su cama; y durante diez años su anciana madre viajó hasta el tercer piso y de vuelta, llevando bandejas, cuidándola. "Ela se deitou e, durante dez anos, sua velha mãe viajou até o terceiro andar e voltou, carregando bandejas, cuidando dela. Then one day the old mother, weary with service, lay down and died. Dann legte sich eines Tages die alte Mutter, müde vom Dienst, hin und starb. Un día, la anciana madre, cansada del servicio, se acostó y murió. Então, um dia, a velha mãe, cansada do serviço, deitou-se e morreu. For some weeks, the invalid languished; then she got up, put on her clothing, and resumed living again. " Einige Wochen lang schmachtete der Invalide; dann stand sie auf, zog ihre Kleider an und lebte wieder weiter. " Durante algunas semanas, la inválida languideció; luego se levantó, se vistió y reanudó su vida. " Por algumas semanas, o inválido permaneceu; então ela se levantou, vestiu as roupas e voltou a viver novamente. " 几个星期来，无效者陷入困境。然后她起身，穿上衣服，然后重新开始生活。 ”

Some authorities declare that people may actually go insane in order to find, in the dreamland of insanity, the feeling of importance that has been denied them in the harsh world of reality. Einige Autoritäten erklären, dass Menschen tatsächlich verrückt werden können, um im Traumland des Wahnsinns das Gefühl der Bedeutung zu finden, das ihnen in der harten Welt der Realität verweigert wurde. Algumas autoridades afirmam que as pessoas podem até enlouquecer para encontrar, na terra dos sonhos da insanidade, o sentimento de importância que lhes foi negado no mundo cruel da realidade.

There are more patients suffering from mental diseases in the United States than from all other diseases combined. In den Vereinigten Staaten gibt es mehr Patienten, die an psychischen Krankheiten leiden, als an allen anderen Krankheiten zusammen. Pendant quelques semaines, le malade languissait; puis elle s'est levée, a mis ses vêtements et a recommencé à vivre. " Existem mais pacientes que sofrem de doenças mentais nos Estados Unidos do que todas as outras doenças combinadas. What is the cause of insanity? ¿Cuál es la causa de la locura? Certaines autorités déclarent que des personnes peuvent en fait devenir fous pour retrouver, dans le pays de rêve de la folie, le sentiment d'importance qui leur a été refusé dans le dur monde de la réalité. Qual é a causa da insanidade? Nobody can answer such a sweeping question, but we know that certain diseases, such as syphilis, break down and destroy the brain cells and result in insanity. Nadie puede responder a una pregunta tan general, pero sabemos que ciertas enfermedades, como la sífilis, descomponen y destruyen las células cerebrales y provocan locura. Aux États-Unis, il y a plus de patients souffrant de maladies mentales que de toutes les autres maladies combinées. Ninguém pode responder a uma pergunta tão abrangente, mas sabemos que certas doenças, como a sífilis, quebram e destroem as células cerebrais e resultam em insanidade. In fact, about one-half of all mental diseases can be attributed to such physical causes as brain lesions, alcohol, toxins and injuries. De hecho, aproximadamente la mitad de todas las enfermedades mentales pueden atribuirse a causas físicas como lesiones cerebrales, alcohol, toxinas y lesiones. Na verdade, cerca de metade de todas as doenças mentais pode ser atribuída a causas físicas como lesões cerebrais, álcool, toxinas e lesões. But the other half - and this is the appalling part of the story - the other half of the people who go insane apparently have nothing organically wrong with their brain cells. Pero la otra mitad -y ésta es la parte terrible de la historia- la otra mitad de las personas que se vuelven locas aparentemente no tienen nada orgánicamente mal en sus neuronas. Mas a outra metade - e esta é a parte assustadora da história - a outra metade das pessoas que enlouquecem aparentemente não tem nada de errado com suas células cerebrais. In post-mortem examinations, when their brain tissues are studied under the highest-powered microscopes, these tissues are found to be apparently just as healthy as yours and mine. En las autopsias, cuando se estudian sus tejidos cerebrales con los microscopios más potentes, se comprueba que están aparentemente tan sanos como los suyos y los míos. En fait, environ la moitié de toutes les maladies mentales peuvent être attribuées à des causes physiques telles que lésions cérébrales, alcool, toxines et blessures. Em exames post-mortem, quando seus tecidos cerebrais são estudados em microscópios de alta potência, esses tecidos são considerados aparentemente tão saudáveis quanto os seus e os meus. Why do these people go insane? ¿Por qué esta gente se vuelve loca? Mais l’autre moitié - et c’est la partie épouvantable de l’histoire -, l’autre moitié des personnes qui deviennent fous n’auraient apparemment aucun problème organique avec leurs cellules cérébrales. Por que essas pessoas ficam loucas? I put that question to the head physician of one of our most important psychiatric hospitals. Hice esa pregunta al médico jefe de uno de nuestros hospitales psiquiátricos más importantes. Eu fiz essa pergunta ao médico-chefe de um de nossos hospitais psiquiátricos mais importantes. This doctor, who has received the highest honors and the most coveted awards for his knowledge of this subject, told me frankly that he didn't know why people went insane. Este médico, que ha recibido los más altos honores y los más codiciados premios por sus conocimientos sobre este tema, me dijo francamente que no sabía por qué la gente se volvía loca. Esse médico, que recebeu as mais altas honrarias e os mais cobiçados prêmios por seu conhecimento do assunto, disse-me francamente que não sabia por que as pessoas enlouqueciam. 这位医生由于对这一主题的了解而获得了最高荣誉和最令人垂涎的奖项，他坦率地告诉我他不知道人们为什么疯了。 Nobody knows for sure But he did say that many people who go insane find in insanity a feeling of importance that they were unable to achieve in the world of reality. Nadie lo sabe con certeza Pero sí dijo que muchas personas que se vuelven locas encuentran en la locura un sentimiento de importancia que no pudieron alcanzar en el mundo de la realidad. Ninguém sabe ao certo. Mas ele disse que muitas pessoas que enlouquecem encontram na loucura um sentimento de importância que não foram capazes de alcançar no mundo da realidade. Then he told me this story: "I have a patient right now whose marriage proved to be a tragedy. Entonces me contó esta historia: "Tengo un paciente en este momento cuyo matrimonio resultó ser una tragedia. Então ele me contou esta história: "Tenho um paciente agora cujo casamento se revelou uma tragédia. She wanted love, sexual gratification, children and social prestige, but life blasted all her hopes. Quería amor, satisfacción sexual, hijos y prestigio social, pero la vida echó por tierra todas sus esperanzas. Ela queria amor, gratificação sexual, filhos e prestígio social, mas a vida destruiu todas as suas esperanças. Her husband didn't love her. Su marido no la quería. O marido não a amava. He refused even to eat with her and forced her to serve his meals in his room upstairs. Se negaba incluso a comer con ella y la obligaba a servirle la comida en su habitación de arriba. Elle voulait de l'amour, de la gratification sexuelle, des enfants et du prestige social, mais la vie lui dévorait tous ses espoirs. Ele se recusou até a comer com ela e a forçou a servir suas refeições em seu quarto no andar de cima. She had no children, no social standing. No tenía hijos, ni posición social. Ela não tinha filhos, nenhuma posição social. She went insane; and, in her imagination, she divorced her husband and resumed her maiden name. Se volvió loca y, en su imaginación, se divorció de su marido y retomó su apellido de soltera. Ela ficou louca; e, em sua imaginação, ela se divorciou do marido e retomou o nome de solteira.

She now believes she has married into English aristocracy, and she insists on being called Lady Smith. Ahora cree que se ha casado con un miembro de la aristocracia inglesa e insiste en que la llamen Lady Smith. Ela agora acredita que se casou com alguém da aristocracia inglesa e insiste em ser chamada de Lady Smith.

"And as for children, she imagines now that she has had a new child every night. "Y en cuanto a los niños, ahora se imagina que ha tenido un niño nuevo cada noche. “E quanto aos filhos, ela imagina agora que tem um filho novo todas as noites. Each time I call on her she says: 'Doctor, I had a baby last night.' Cada vez que la llamo me dice: 'Doctor, anoche tuve un bebé'. Cada vez que a chamo, ela diz: 'Doutor, tive um bebê ontem à noite.' " Life once wrecked all her dream ships on the sharp rocks of reality; but in the sunny, fantasy isles of insanity, all her barkentines race into port with canvas billowing and winds singing through the masts. " " Das Leben hat einst all seine Traumschiffe an den scharfen Felsen der Realität zerschmettert; aber auf den sonnigen, phantasievollen Inseln des Wahnsinns laufen all ihre Barkentinen mit wehenden Segeln und singendem Wind in den Hafen ein. " " La vida una vez hizo naufragar todos sus barcos de ensueño en las afiladas rocas de la realidad; pero en las soleadas y fantasiosas islas de la locura, todas sus barquichuelas corren hacia el puerto con las lonas ondeando y los vientos cantando a través de los mástiles. " "A vida uma vez destruiu todos os seus navios de sonho nas rochas afiadas da realidade; mas nas ilhas ensolaradas e fantasiosas da insanidade, todos os seus barkentines correm para o porto com a lona ondulando e os ventos cantando através dos mastros." Tragic? ¿Trágico? Trágico? Oh, I don't know. No lo sé. "La vie a jadis détruit tous les navires de ses rêves sur les rochers tranchants de la réalité; mais sous les îles fantastiques et ensoleillées de la folie, tous ses barkentins se dirigent vers le port avec des toiles flottantes et des vents chantant à travers les mâts." Her physician said to me: If I could stretch out my hand and restore her sanity, I wouldn't do it. Ihr Arzt sagte zu mir: Wenn ich meine Hand ausstrecken und sie wieder gesund machen könnte, würde ich es nicht tun. Su médico me dijo: Si pudiera extender mi mano y devolverle la cordura, no lo haría. Seu médico me disse: Se eu pudesse estender minha mão e restaurar sua sanidade, não o faria. She's much happier as she is." Es mucho más feliz así". Ela está muito mais feliz do jeito que está. " If some people are so hungry for a feeling of importance that they actually go insane to get it, imagine what miracle you and I can achieve by giving people honest appreciation this side of insanity. Si algunas personas están tan hambrientas de un sentimiento de importancia que se vuelven locas para conseguirlo, imagina qué milagro podemos conseguir tú y yo dando a la gente un aprecio honesto a este lado de la locura. Son médecin m'a dit: Si je pouvais tendre la main et lui redonner la santé mentale, je ne le ferais pas. Se algumas pessoas estão tão famintas por um sentimento de importância que realmente enlouquecem para obtê-lo, imagine o milagre que você e eu podemos realizar dando às pessoas uma apreciação honesta deste lado da insanidade. One of the first people in American business to be paid a salary of over a million dollars a year (when there was no income tax and a person earning fifty dollars a week was considered well off) was Charles Schwab, He had been picked by Andrew Carnegie to become the first president of the newly formed United States Steel Company in 1921, when Schwab was only thirty-eight years old. Una de las primeras personas del mundo empresarial estadounidense que cobró un sueldo de más de un millón de dólares al año (cuando no existía el impuesto sobre la renta y una persona que ganaba cincuenta dólares a la semana se consideraba acomodada) fue Charles Schwab. Había sido elegido por Andrew Carnegie para convertirse en el primer presidente de la recién creada United States Steel Company en 1921, cuando Schwab sólo tenía treinta y ocho años. Uma das primeiras pessoas no mundo dos negócios americanos a receber um salário de mais de um milhão de dólares por ano (quando não havia imposto de renda e uma pessoa que ganhava cinquenta dólares por semana era considerada bem de vida) foi Charles Schwab. Ele foi escolhido por Andrew Carnegie se tornaria o primeiro presidente da recém-formada United States Steel Company em 1921, quando Schwab tinha apenas trinta e oito anos. (Schwab later left U.S. (Schwab abandonó posteriormente U.S. Si certaines personnes ont tellement soif d'un sentiment d'importance qu'elles deviennent folles pour l'obtenir, imaginez le miracle que vous et moi pouvons réaliser en donnant aux gens une appréciation honnête de cet aspect de la folie. (Mais tarde, Schwab deixou a U.S. Steel to take over the then-troubled Bethlehem Steel Company, and he rebuilt it into one of the most profitable companies in America.) Steel para hacerse cargo de la entonces en apuros Bethlehem Steel Company, y la reconstruyó hasta convertirla en una de las empresas más rentables de Estados Unidos). Steel para assumir a então problemática Bethlehem Steel Company, e ele a reconstruiu em uma das empresas mais rentáveis da América.) Why did Andrew Carnegie pay a million dollars a year, or more than three thousand dollars a day, to Charles Schwab? ¿Por qué pagaba Andrew Carnegie un millón de dólares al año, o más de tres mil dólares al día, a Charles Schwab? Por que Andrew Carnegie pagava um milhão de dólares por ano, ou mais de três mil dólares por dia, a Charles Schwab? Why? ¿Por qué? Because Schwab was a genius? ¿Porque Schwab era un genio? No. Because he knew more about the manufacture of steel than other people? Porque ele sabia mais sobre o fabrico de aço do que as outras pessoas? Nonsense. Tonterías. Não faz sentido. Charles Schwab told me himself that he had many men working for him who knew more about the manufacture of steel than he did. El propio Charles Schwab me dijo que tenía muchos hombres trabajando para él que sabían más que él sobre la fabricación del acero. O próprio Charles Schwab me disse que tinha muitos homens a trabalhar para ele que sabiam mais sobre o fabrico de aço do que ele. Schwab says that he was paid this salary largely because of his ability to deal with people. Schwab dice que le pagaban ese sueldo en gran parte por su habilidad para tratar con la gente. I asked him how he did it. Le pregunté cómo lo había hecho. Eu perguntei a ele como ele fez isso.

Here is his secret set down in his own words - words that ought to be cast in eternal bronze and hung in every home and school, every shop and office in the land - words that children ought to memorize instead of wasting their time memorizing the conjugation of Latin verbs or the amount of the annual rainfall in Brazil - words that will all but transform your life and mine if we will only live them: "I consider my ability to arouse enthusiasm among my people," said Schwab, "the greatest asset I possess, and the way to develop the best that is in a person is by appreciation and encouragement "There is nothing else that so kills the ambitions of a person as criticisms from superiors. He aquí su secreto expresado en sus propias palabras, palabras que deberían fundirse en bronce eterno y colgarse en cada hogar y escuela, en cada tienda y oficina del país, palabras que los niños deberían memorizar en lugar de perder el tiempo memorizando la conjugación de los verbos latinos o la cantidad de lluvia anual en Brasil, palabras que transformarán tu vida y la mía si las vivimos: Considero que mi capacidad para despertar el entusiasmo entre mi gente", dijo Schwab, "es el mayor activo que poseo, y la forma de desarrollar lo mejor que hay en una persona es mediante el aprecio y el estímulo" "No hay nada que mate tanto las ambiciones de una persona como las críticas de los superiores. Aqui está seu segredo estabelecido em suas próprias palavras - palavras que deveriam ser fundidas em bronze eterno e penduradas em cada casa e escola, cada loja e escritório no país - palavras que as crianças deveriam memorizar em vez de perder tempo memorizando a conjugação de verbos latinos ou a quantidade de chuva anual no Brasil - palavras que quase transformarão a sua vida e a minha se apenas as vivermos: "Considero minha capacidade de despertar entusiasmo entre meu povo", disse Schwab, "o maior bem Eu possuo, e a maneira de desenvolver o que há de melhor em uma pessoa é por meio da apreciação e do encorajamento “Nada mais mata as ambições de uma pessoa do que as críticas dos superiores.

I never criticize any-one. Nunca critico a nadie. Eu nunca critico ninguém. I believe in giving a person incentive to work. Ich glaube daran, einer Person einen Anreiz zu geben, zu arbeiten. Creo que hay que incentivar a las personas para que trabajen. Acredito que se deve incentivar uma pessoa a trabalhar. So I am anxious to praise but loath to find fault. Also bin ich bestrebt zu loben, aber ich hasse es, Fehler zu finden. Así que estoy ansioso por elogiar pero me resisto a encontrar defectos. Je ne critique jamais personne. Portanto, estou ansioso para elogiar, mas detesto encontrar defeitos. If I like anything, I am hearty in my approbation and lavish in my praise. " Wenn mir etwas gefällt, bin ich herzlich in meinem Beifall und überschwänglich in meinem Lob. " Si algo me gusta, soy sincero en mi aprobación y pródigo en mi alabanza. " Je crois qu'il faut inciter une personne à travailler. Se gosto de alguma coisa, sou entusiasta em minha aprovação e pródiga em meus elogios. " 如果我喜欢什么，我会很高兴得到我的赞赏，并会慷慨地赞美我。 ” That is what Schwab did. Eso es lo que hizo Schwab. Donc, je suis désireux de louer, mais répugne à trouver une faute. Isso é o que Schwab fez. But what do average people do? Aber was machen Durchschnittsmenschen? Pero, ¿qué hace la gente corriente? Si quelque chose me plaît, je suis généreux dans mon approbation et prodigue dans mes louanges. " Mas o que as pessoas comuns fazem? The exact opposite. Todo lo contrario. Exatamente o oposto. If they don't like a thing, they bawl out their subordinates; if they do like it, they say nothing. Wenn ihnen etwas nicht gefällt, schimpfen sie mit ihren Untergebenen; wenn es ihnen gefällt, sagen sie nichts. Se eles não gostam de nada, eles gritam com seus subordinados; se gostam, não dizem nada. As the old couplet says: "Once I did bad and that I heard ever/Twice I did good, but that I hear never." Wie der alte Couplet sagt: "Einmal tat ich schlecht und das hörte ich nie / Zweimal tat ich gut, aber das höre ich nie." Como dice la vieja copla: "Una vez hice el mal y eso lo oí siempre/ Dos veces hice el bien, pero eso no lo oí nunca". Como diz o velho dístico: "Uma vez eu fiz mal e ouvi sempre / duas vezes fiz bem, mas que nunca ouço". 正如老对联所说：“一旦我做得不好，我曾经听过/曾经两次做过，但是我从未听过。” "In my wide association in life, meeting with many and great people in various parts of the world," Schwab declared, "I have yet to find the person, however great or exalted his station, who did not do better work and put forth greater effort under a spirit of approval than he would ever do under a spirit of criticism." „In meiner breiten Lebensgemeinschaft, in der ich viele und großartige Menschen in verschiedenen Teilen der Welt getroffen habe“, erklärte Schwab, „habe ich noch keine Person gefunden, wie groß oder erhaben ihre Stufe auch sein mag, die keine bessere Arbeit geleistet und sich hervorgetan hat größere Anstrengung im Geiste der Zustimmung, als er es je im Geiste der Kritik tun würde." "En mi amplia asociación en la vida, reuniéndome con muchas y grandes personas en diversas partes del mundo", declaró Schwab, "aún no he encontrado a la persona, por grande o exaltada que sea su posición, que no haya hecho mejor trabajo y puesto mayor empeño bajo un espíritu de aprobación de lo que jamás haría bajo un espíritu de crítica." "Em minha ampla associação na vida, encontro com muitas e grandes pessoas em várias partes do mundo", declarou Schwab, "ainda não encontrei a pessoa, por maior que tenha sido ou exaltou sua posição, que não fez um trabalho melhor e apresentou maior esforço sob um espírito de aprovação do que ele jamais faria sob um espírito de crítica ". That he said, frankly, was one of the outstanding reasons for the phenomenal success of Andrew Carnegie. Eso dijo, francamente, fue una de las razones sobresalientes del fenomenal éxito de Andrew Carnegie. Comme le dit le vieux couplet: "Une fois que j'ai mal agi et que j'ai entendu jamais / Deux fois j'ai bien agi, mais que je n'entends jamais." O que ele disse, francamente, foi uma das razões mais importantes para o sucesso fenomenal de Andrew Carnegie. 坦白地说，这是安德鲁·卡内基取得巨大成功的主要原因之一。 Carnegie praised his associates publicly as well as privately. Carnegie lobte seine Mitarbeiter sowohl öffentlich als auch privat. Carnegie elogiaba a sus socios tanto en público como en privado. "Dans ma grande association dans la vie, rencontrant de nombreuses et grandes personnes dans diverses parties du monde", a déclaré Schwab, "je n'ai pas encore trouvé la personne, quelle que soit sa qualité ou son excellence, qui n'a pas fait un meilleur travail et a avancé un plus grand effort sous un esprit d'approbation qu'il ne le ferait jamais sous un esprit de critique. " Carnegie elogiou seus associados tanto em público quanto em privado. Carnegie wanted to praise his assistants even on his tombstone. Carnegie quería elogiar a sus ayudantes incluso en su lápida. Carnegie queria elogiar seus assistentes até mesmo em sua lápide. He wrote an epitaph for himself which read: "Here lies one who knew how to get around him men who were cleverer than himself:" Sincere appreciation was one of the secrets of the first John D. Rockefeller's success in handling men. Er schrieb für sich selbst ein Epitaph mit der Aufschrift: „Hier liegt einer, der wusste, wie er Männer umgehen konnte, die klüger waren als er selbst.“ Aufrichtige Wertschätzung war eines der Geheimnisse des Erfolgs des ersten John D. Rockefeller im Umgang mit Männern. Escribió un epitafio para sí mismo que decía: "Aquí yace alguien que supo reunir a su alrededor a hombres más inteligentes que él:" El aprecio sincero fue uno de los secretos del éxito del primer John D. Rockefeller en el manejo de los hombres. Carnegie a félicité ses associés publiquement et favorablement. Ele escreveu um epitáfio para si mesmo que dizia: "Aqui está aquele que soube contornar homens que eram mais espertos do que ele:" A apreciação sincera foi um dos segredos do sucesso do primeiro John D. Rockefeller em lidar com os homens. 他为自己写了一个墓志铭文，上面写着：“这里躺着一个人，他懂得如何比那些比他聪明的人绕开他。”真诚的欣赏是约翰·洛克菲勒（John D. Rockefeller）第一个成功处理男人的秘诀之一。 For example, when one of his partners, Edward T. Bedford, lost a million dollars for the firm by a bad buy in South America, John D. might have criticized; but he knew Bedford had done his best - and the incident was closed. Als zum Beispiel einer seiner Partner, Edward T. Bedford, durch einen Fehlkauf in Südamerika eine Million Dollar für die Firma verlor, hätte John D. vielleicht kritisiert; aber er wusste, dass Bedford sein Bestes gegeben hatte – und der Vorfall war abgeschlossen. Por ejemplo, cuando uno de sus socios, Edward T. Bedford, hizo perder a la empresa un millón de dólares por una mala compra en Sudamérica, John D. podría haber criticado; pero sabía que Bedford había hecho todo lo posible, y el incidente se cerró. Carnegie a voulu louer ses assistants même sur sa pierre tombale. Por exemplo, quando um de seus sócios, Edward T. Bedford, perdeu um milhão de dólares para a empresa por uma má compra na América do Sul, John D. poderia ter criticado; mas ele sabia que Bedford havia feito o seu melhor - e o incidente foi encerrado. So Rockefeller found something to praise; he congratulated Bedford because he had been able to save 60 percent of the money he had invested. Así que Rockefeller encontró algo que alabar; felicitó a Bedford porque había sido capaz de ahorrar el 60% del dinero que había invertido. Então Rockefeller encontrou algo para elogiar; ele parabenizou Bedford porque conseguiu economizar 60% do dinheiro que havia investido. "That's splendid," said Rockefeller. "Es espléndido", dijo Rockefeller. "We don't always do as well as that upstairs." "No siempre nos va tan bien arriba". "Nem sempre fazemos tão bem quanto isso no andar de cima". “我们在楼上的情况并不总是那么好。” I have among my clippings a story that I know never happened, but it illustrates a truth, so I'll repeat it: According to this silly story, a farm woman, at the end of a heavy day's work, set before her menfolks a heaping pile of hay. Ich habe unter meinen Zeitungsausschnitten eine Geschichte, von der ich weiß, dass sie nie passiert ist, aber sie illustriert eine Wahrheit, also wiederhole ich sie: Nach dieser albernen Geschichte stellt sich eine Bäuerin am Ende eines schweren Arbeitstages ihren Männern vor Haufen Heu. Tengo entre mis recortes una historia que sé que nunca sucedió, pero ilustra una verdad, así que la repetiré: Según esta tonta historia, una granjera, al final de un pesado día de trabajo, puso ante sus hombres un montón de heno. Tenho entre meus recortes uma história que sei que nunca aconteceu, mas ilustra uma verdade, por isso vou repeti-la: De acordo com essa história boba, uma camponesa, no final de um dia pesado de trabalho, diante de seus homens um amontoando pilha de feno.

And when they indignantly demanded whether she had gone crazy, she replied: "Why, how did I know you'd notice? Und als sie empört fragten, ob sie verrückt geworden sei, antwortete sie: „Warum, woher wusste ich, dass du es merken würdest? Y cuando le preguntaron indignados si se había vuelto loca, respondió: "¿Por qué, cómo iba a saber que te darías cuenta? "Nous ne faisons pas toujours aussi bien que ça en haut." E quando eles indignados exigiram que ela tivesse enlouquecido, ela respondeu: "Por que, como eu sabia que você notaria?

I've been cooking for you men for the last twenty years and in all that time I ain't heard no word to let me know you wasn't just eating hay." Ich habe die letzten zwanzig Jahre für euch Männer gekocht und in all dieser Zeit habe ich kein Wort gehört, das mich wissen ließ, dass ihr nicht nur Heu gegessen habt." Llevo veinte años cocinando para vosotros y en todo ese tiempo no he oído ni una palabra que me hiciera saber que no sólo comíais heno". J'ai dans mes coupures de presse une histoire qui, je le sais, ne s'est jamais produite, mais elle illustre une vérité, alors je la répète: selon cette histoire idiote, une agricultrice, à la fin d'une journée de travail pénible, placée devant ses men tas de foin. Eu cozinho para vocês, homens, nos últimos vinte anos e, durante todo esse tempo, não ouvi nenhuma palavra para me avisar que você não estava apenas comendo feno. When a study was made a few years ago on runaway wives, what do you think was discovered to be the main reason wives ran away? Cuando hace unos años se hizo un estudio sobre las esposas fugitivas, ¿cuál crees que se descubrió que era la principal razón por la que las esposas se fugaban? Et quand ils ont demandé avec indignation si elle était devenue folle, elle a répondu: "Pourquoi, comment ai-je su que vous le remarqueriez? Quando um estudo foi realizado, há alguns anos, sobre esposas fugitivas, qual você acha que foi o principal motivo pelo qual as esposas fugiram? It was "lack of appreciation." Fue "falta de aprecio". Je cuisine pour vous, les hommes, depuis vingt ans et depuis tout ce temps, je n'ai entendu aucun mot me dire que vous ne mangiez pas seulement du foin. " Foi "falta de apreciação". And I'd bet that a similar study made of runaway husbands would come out the same way. Y apostaría a que un estudio similar hecho sobre maridos fugados saldría igual. Quand une étude a été faite il y a quelques années sur les femmes en fuite, quelle a été selon vous la principale raison pour laquelle les femmes se sont enfuies? E eu apostaria que um estudo semelhante feito com maridos em fuga sairia da mesma maneira. We often take our spouses so much for granted that we never let them know we appreciate them. A menudo damos a nuestros cónyuges tanto por sentado que nunca les hacemos saber que les apreciamos. C'était "manque d'appréciation". Muitas vezes tomamos nossos cônjuges tão garantidos que nunca deixamos que eles saibam que os apreciamos. A member of one of our classes told of a request made by his wife. Un miembro de una de nuestras clases contó una petición que le hizo su esposa. Um membro de uma de nossas aulas contou sobre um pedido feito por sua esposa. She and a group of other women in her church were involved in a self-improvement program. Ella y un grupo de mujeres de su iglesia participaban en un programa de superación personal. Ela e um grupo de outras mulheres de sua igreja estavam envolvidas em um programa de autoaperfeiçoamento. She asked her husband to help her by listing six things he believed she could do to help her become a better wife. Le pidió a su marido que la ayudara enumerando seis cosas que él creía que podía hacer para ayudarla a ser mejor esposa. Un membre de l'une de nos classes a été informé d'une demande de sa femme. Pediu ao marido que a ajudasse, enumerando seis coisas que ele achava que ela podia fazer para a ajudar a tornar-se uma esposa melhor. He reported to the class: "I was surprised by such a request. Informó a la clase: "Me sorprendió tal petición. Elle et un groupe d'autres femmes de son église ont participé à un programme d'amélioration personnelle. Ele relatou à classe: “Fiquei surpreso com tal pedido. Frankly, it would have been easy for me to list six things I would like to change about her - my heavens, she could have listed a thousand things she would like to change about me - but I didn't. Francamente, me habría resultado fácil enumerar seis cosas que me gustaría cambiar de ella -cielos, ella podría haber enumerado mil cosas que le gustaría cambiar de mí-, pero no lo hice. Francamente, teria sido fácil para mim listar seis coisas que gostaria de mudar sobre ela - meus céus, ela poderia ter listado milhares de coisas que gostaria de mudar sobre mim - mas não o fiz. I said to her, 'Let me think about it and give you an answer in the morning.' Le dije: 'Déjame pensarlo y te daré una respuesta por la mañana'. Eu disse a ela: 'Deixe-me pensar e dar uma resposta de manhã'. "The next morning I got up very early and called the florist and had them send six red roses to my wife with a note saying: 'I can't think of six things I would like to change about you. "A la mañana siguiente me levanté muy temprano y llamé a la floristería para que le enviaran seis rosas rojas a mi mujer con una nota que decía: 'No se me ocurren seis cosas que me gustaría cambiar de ti'. Franchement, il aurait été facile pour moi d’énumérer six choses que j’aimerais changer chez elle - mon Dieu, elle aurait pu énumérer mille choses qu’elle aimerait changer chez moi - mais je ne l’ai pas fait. "Na manhã seguinte, levantei-me muito cedo, liguei para a florista e mandei que mandassem seis rosas vermelhas para minha esposa com um bilhete dizendo: 'Não consigo pensar em seis coisas que gostaria de mudar sobre você. I love you the way you are.' Te quiero tal y como eres'. Eu te amo do jeito que você é. ' "When I arrived at home that evening, who do you think greeted me at the door: That's right. "Cuando llegué a casa aquella noche, ¿quién crees que me recibió en la puerta? Así es. "Quando cheguei em casa naquela noite, quem você acha que me recebeu na porta: Está certo. My wife! ¡Mi mujer! She was almost in tears. Casi estaba llorando. "Quand je suis arrivé à la maison ce soir-là, qui pensez-vous m'a accueilli à la porte? C'est vrai. Ela estava quase chorando. Needless to say, I was extremely glad I had not criticized her as she had requested. Ni que decir tiene que me alegré mucho de no haberla criticado como me había pedido. Desnecessário dizer que fiquei extremamente feliz por não tê-la criticado como ela havia pedido. "The following Sunday at church, after she had reported the results of her assignment, several women with whom she had been studying came up to me and said, 'That was the most considerate thing I have ever heard.' "El domingo siguiente en la iglesia, después de que ella informara de los resultados de su tarea, varias mujeres con las que había estado estudiando se acercaron a mí y me dijeron: 'Eso ha sido lo más considerado que he oído nunca'. "No domingo seguinte na igreja, depois que ela relatou os resultados de sua missão, várias mulheres com quem ela estudava vieram até mim e disseram: 'Essa foi a coisa mais atenciosa que eu já ouvi.' It was then I realized the power of appreciation." Fue entonces cuando me di cuenta del poder del agradecimiento". Foi então que percebi o poder da apreciação. " Florenz Ziegfeld, the most spectacular producer who ever dazzled Broadway, gained his reputation by his subtle ability to "glorify the American girl. " Florenz Ziegfeld, el productor más espectacular que ha deslumbrado Broadway, se ganó su reputación por su sutil habilidad para "glorificar a la chica americana". " "Le dimanche suivant à l'église, après qu'elle eut rendu compte des résultats de son travail, plusieurs femmes avec lesquelles elle avait étudié étudiaient et me disaient:" C'est la chose la plus attentionnée que j'ai jamais entendue. " Florenz Ziegfeld, o produtor mais espetacular que já deslumbrou a Broadway, ganhou reputação por sua habilidade sutil de "glorificar a garota americana".

Time after time, he took drab little creatures that no one ever looked at twice and transformed them on the stage into glamorous visions of mystery and seduction. Una y otra vez, tomaba criaturas monótonas a las que nadie miraba dos veces y las transformaba en el escenario en glamurosas visiones de misterio y seducción. Vez após vez, ele pegou pequenas criaturas monótonas que ninguém jamais olhou duas vezes e as transformou no palco em visões glamourosas de mistério e sedução.

Knowing the value of appreciation and confidence, he made women feel beautiful by the sheer power of his gallantry and consideration. Conocedor del valor del aprecio y la confianza, hacía que las mujeres se sintieran bellas por el puro poder de su galantería y consideración. Sabendo do valor da apreciação e da confiança, ele fazia as mulheres se sentirem bonitas pelo puro poder de sua bravura e consideração. 知道赞赏和自信的价值，他凭着他勇敢和深思熟虑的巨大力量使女人感到美丽。 He was practical: he raised the salary of chorus girls from thirty dollars a week to as high as one hundred and seventy-five. Er war praktisch: Er erhöhte das Gehalt der Chormädchen von dreißig Dollar pro Woche auf bis zu einhundertfünfundsiebzig. Era práctico: subió el sueldo de las coristas de treinta dólares semanales a ciento setenta y cinco. À maintes reprises, il prenait des petites créatures ternes que personne ne regardait jamais et les transformait sur la scène en visions fascinantes de mystère et de séduction. Ele era prático: aumentava o salário das coristas de trinta dólares por semana para até cento e setenta e cinco. And he was also chivalrous; on opening night at the Follies, he sent telegrams to the stars in the cast, and he deluged every chorus girl in the show with American Beauty roses. Y también era caballeroso: la noche del estreno de Follies, envió telegramas a las estrellas del reparto y colmó de rosas American Beauty a todas las coristas del espectáculo. E ele também era cavalheiresco; na noite de estréia no Follies, ele enviou telegramas para as estrelas do elenco e inundou todas as coristas do show com rosas da American Beauty. I once succumbed to the fad of fasting and went for six days and nights without eating. Una vez sucumbí a la moda del ayuno y pasé seis días y seis noches sin comer. Il était pratique: il augmentait le salaire des filles du choeur de trente dollars par semaine à cent soixante quinze. Certa vez, sucumbi à moda do jejum e fiquei seis dias e noites sem comer. It wasn't difficult. No fue difícil. Et il était aussi chevaleresque; lors de la soirée d’ouverture aux Follies, il a envoyé des télégrammes aux stars du casting et il a inondé toutes les filles du choeur de la série avec des roses American Beauty. Não foi difícil. I was less hungry at the end of the sixth day than I was at the end of the second. Al final del sexto día tenía menos hambre que al final del segundo. Une fois, j’ai succombé à la mode du jeûne et suis resté six jours et six nuits sans manger. Eu estava com menos fome no final do sexto dia do que no final do segundo. Yet I know, as you know, people who would think they had committed a crime if they let their families or employees go for six days without food; but they will let them go for six days, and six weeks, and sometimes sixty years without giving them the hearty appreciation that they crave almost as much as they crave food. Sin embargo, conozco, como ustedes saben, a personas que pensarían que han cometido un crimen si dejan que sus familias o empleados pasen seis días sin comer; pero les dejan pasar seis días, y seis semanas, y a veces sesenta años sin darles el sincero aprecio que anhelan casi tanto como la comida. No entanto, conheço, como você sabe, pessoas que pensariam que cometeram um crime se deixassem suas famílias ou funcionários passarem seis dias sem comer; mas eles vão deixá-los ir por seis dias e seis semanas, e às vezes sessenta anos, sem dar-lhes o reconhecimento sincero de que desejam quase tanto quanto desejam comer. When Alfred Lunt, one of the great actors of his time, played the leading role in Reunion in Vienna, he said, "There is nothing I need so much as nourishment for my self-esteem." Cuando Alfred Lunt, uno de los grandes actores de su época, interpretó el papel protagonista de Reunión en Viena, dijo: "No hay nada que necesite tanto como alimento para mi amor propio". Quando Alfred Lunt, um dos grandes atores de seu tempo, desempenhou o papel principal em Reunion, em Viena, ele disse: "Não há nada que eu precise tanto quanto alimento para minha auto-estima". We nourish the bodies of our children and friends and employees, but how seldom do we nourish their selfesteem? Alimentamos el cuerpo de nuestros hijos, amigos y empleados, pero ¿cuán pocas veces alimentamos su autoestima? Pourtant, comme vous le savez, je sais que des gens qui penseraient avoir commis un crime s’ils laissent leur famille ou leurs employés partir pendant six jours sans manger; mais ils les laisseront partir pendant six jours et six semaines, et parfois soixante ans, sans leur donner la sincère appréciation d’avoir presque autant envie de nourriture que de nourriture. Nutrimos os corpos de nossos filhos, amigos e funcionários, mas com que raridade nutrimos a autoestima deles? We provide them with roast beef and potatoes to build energy, but we neglect to give them kind words of appreciation that would sing in their memories for years like the music of the morning stars. Les damos carne asada y patatas para que se llenen de energía, pero nos olvidamos de darles palabras amables de agradecimiento que canten en su memoria durante años como la música de las estrellas del alba. Nós fornecemos a eles rosbife e batatas para gerar energia, mas deixamos de lhes dar palavras gentis de agradecimento que cantariam em suas memórias por anos como a música das estrelas da manhã.

Paul Harvey, in one of his radio broadcasts, "The Rest of the Story," told how showing sincere appreciation can change a person's life. Paul Harvey, en uno de sus programas de radio, "El resto de la historia", contaba cómo mostrar un agradecimiento sincero puede cambiar la vida de una persona. Paul Harvey, em uma de suas transmissões de rádio, "The Rest of the Story", disse como mostrar apreciação sincera pode mudar a vida de uma pessoa.

He reported that years ago a teacher in Detroit asked Stevie Morris to help her find a mouse that was lost in the classroom. Contó que hace años una profesora de Detroit pidió a Stevie Morris que le ayudara a encontrar un ratón que se había perdido en clase. Ele relatou que, anos atrás, uma professora em Detroit pediu a Stevie Morris que a ajudasse a encontrar um rato que estava perdido na sala de aula. You see, she appreciated the fact that nature had given Stevie something no one else in the room had. Apreciaba el hecho de que la naturaleza le hubiera dado a Stevie algo que nadie más en la sala tenía. Veja, ela gostou do fato de que a natureza deu a Stevie algo que ninguém mais na sala deu. Nature had given Stevie a remarkable pair of ears to compensate for his blind eyes. La naturaleza había dotado a Stevie de un notable par de orejas para compensar sus ojos ciegos. A natureza deu a Stevie um notável par de orelhas para compensar seus olhos cegos. But this was really the first time Stevie had been shown appreciation for those talented ears. Pero esta era realmente la primera vez que Stevie se mostraba agradecido por esos talentosos oídos. Mas esta foi realmente a primeira vez que Stevie demonstrou apreciação por aqueles ouvidos talentosos. Now, years later, he says that this act of appreciation was the beginning of a new life. Ahora, años después, dice que este acto de agradecimiento fue el comienzo de una nueva vida. La nature avait donné à Stevie une remarquable paire d’oreilles pour compenser ses yeux aveugles. Agora, anos depois, ele diz que esse ato de agradecimento foi o início de uma nova vida. You see, from that time on he developed his gift of hearing and went on to become, under the stage name of Stevie Wonder, one of the great pop singers and and songwriters of the seventies. A partir de entonces, desarrolló su don del oído y se convirtió, bajo el nombre artístico de Stevie Wonder, en uno de los grandes cantantes y compositores pop de los setenta. Veja bem, a partir de então ele desenvolveu seu dom de ouvir e tornou-se, sob o nome artístico de Stevie Wonder, um dos grandes cantores pop e compositores dos anos setenta. * Some readers are saying right now as they read these lines: "Oh, phooey! * Einige Leser sagen jetzt, während sie diese Zeilen lesen: "Oh, pfui! * Algunos lectores están diciendo ahora mismo mientras leen estas líneas: "¡Oh, phooey! * Alguns leitores estão dizendo agora, enquanto lêem estas linhas: "Oh, phooey! Flattery! Schmeichelei! ¡Halagos! Bajulação! Bear oil! Bärenöl! ¡Aceite de oso! Óleo de urso! I've tried that stuff. Ich habe das Zeug ausprobiert. He probado esas cosas. Flatterie! Eu tentei isso. It doesn't work - not with intelligent people." No funciona, no con gente inteligente". Huile d'ours! Não funciona - não com pessoas inteligentes. " Of course flattery seldom works with discerning people. Natürlich funktionieren Schmeicheleien selten bei anspruchsvollen Menschen. Por supuesto, los halagos rara vez funcionan con personas exigentes. É claro que a bajulação raramente funciona com pessoas exigentes. It is shallow, selfish and insincere. Es ist oberflächlich, egoistisch und unaufrichtig. Es superficial, egoísta y poco sincero. É superficial, egoísta e insincero. It ought to fail and it usually does. Es sollte fehlschlagen und das tut es normalerweise. Debería fallar y suele hacerlo. Bien sûr, la flatterie travaille rarement avec des personnes perspicaces. Deveria falhar e geralmente falha. True, some people are so hungry, so thirsty, for appreciation that they will swallow anything, just as a starving man will eat grass and fishworms. Es stimmt, manche Menschen sind so hungrig und durstig nach Anerkennung, dass sie alles schlucken, so wie ein Verhungernder Gras und Fischwürmer isst. Es cierto, algunas personas tienen tanta hambre, tanta sed, de aprecio que se tragan cualquier cosa, igual que un muerto de hambre come hierba y gusanos de pescado. C'est peu profond, égoïste et peu sincère. É verdade que algumas pessoas estão com tanta fome, tanta sede de apreciação que engolirão qualquer coisa, assim como um homem faminto comeria grama e minhocas. Even Queen Victoria was susceptible to flattery. Incluso la reina Victoria era susceptible a los halagos. Cela devrait échouer et c'est généralement le cas. Até a rainha Victoria era suscetível à bajulação. Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli confessed that he put it on thick in dealing with the Queen. Premier Benjamin Disraeli gestand, dass er im Umgang mit der Queen dick aufgelegt habe. El Primer Ministro Benjamin Disraeli confesó que se lo ponía difícil al tratar con la Reina. Il est vrai que certaines personnes ont tellement faim et soif qu’elles avalent quoi que ce soit, tout comme un homme affamé mangera de l’herbe et des vers de poissons. O primeiro-ministro Benjamin Disraeli confessou que se esforçou muito ao lidar com a rainha. To use his exact words, he said he "spread it on with a trowel." Um seine genauen Worte zu verwenden, sagte er, er habe es "mit einer Kelle aufgetragen". Para usar sus palabras exactas, dijo que "lo extendió con una paleta". Même la reine Victoria était sensible à la flatterie. Para usar suas palavras exatas, ele disse que "a espalhou com uma espátula". 用他的确切话来说，他说他“用抹子把它涂上了”。 But Disraeli was one of the most polished, deft and adroit men who ever ruled the far-flung British Empire. Aber Disraeli war einer der geschliffensten, geschicktesten und gewandtesten Männer, die jemals das weit verzweigte britische Empire regiert haben. Pero Disraeli fue uno de los hombres más pulidos, hábiles y diestros que jamás gobernaron el lejano Imperio Británico. Le Premier ministre Benjamin Disraeli a avoué qu'il s'en était occupé avec la reine. Disraeli, porém, foi um dos homens mais refinados, hábeis e hábeis que já governou o longínquo Império Britânico. He was a genius in his line. Er war ein Genie in seiner Branche. Era un genio en lo suyo. Pour utiliser ses mots exacts, il a dit qu'il "l'étalait avec une truelle". Ele era um gênio em sua linha. What would work for him wouldn't necessarily work for you and me. Was für ihn funktioniert, muss für Sie und mich nicht unbedingt funktionieren. Lo que funcionaría para él no necesariamente funcionaría para ti y para mí. Mais Disraeli était l’un des hommes les plus raffinés, habiles et adroits qui ait jamais dirigé l’empire britannique lointain. O que funcionaria para ele não funcionaria necessariamente para você e para mim. In the long run, flattery will do you more harm than good. Schmeicheleien werden Ihnen auf Dauer mehr schaden als nützen. A la larga, los halagos te harán más mal que bien. Il était un génie dans sa ligne. A longo prazo, a bajulação lhe fará mais mal do que bem. Flattery is counterfeit, and like counterfeit money, it will eventually get you into trouble if you pass it to someone else. Schmeichelei ist Fälschung, und wie Falschgeld bringt sie Sie irgendwann in Schwierigkeiten, wenn Sie sie an jemand anderen weitergeben. La adulación es falsa y, al igual que el dinero falso, acabará metiéndote en problemas si se la pasas a otra persona. A bajulação é falsificada e, como o dinheiro falsificado, acabará criando problemas se você o passar para outra pessoa. Dalkavukluk sahtedir ve sahte para gibi, başka birine verirseniz sonunda başınızı belaya sokar. The difference between appreciation and flattery? ¿La diferencia entre aprecio y adulación? That is simple. Eso es sencillo. One is sincere and the other insincere. Uno es sincero y el otro insincero. Um é sincero e o outro insincero. One comes from the heart out; the other from the teeth out. Uno sale del corazón; el otro, de los dientes. Um sai do coração; o outro dos dentes para fora. One is unselfish; the other selfish. Uno es altruista; el otro, egoísta. Um é altruísta; o outro é egoísta. One is universally admired; the other universally condemned. Man wird allgemein bewundert; der andere allgemein verurteilt. Uno es universalmente admirado; el otro, universalmente condenado. I recently saw a bust of Mexican hero General Alvaro Obregon in the Chapultepec palace in Mexico City. Kürzlich habe ich im Chapultepec-Palast in Mexiko-Stadt eine Büste des mexikanischen Helden General Alvaro Obregon gesehen. Hace poco vi un busto del héroe mexicano general Álvaro Obregón en el palacio de Chapultepec de Ciudad de México. Vi recentemente um busto do herói mexicano General Alvaro Obregon no palácio de Chapultepec, na Cidade do México. Below the bust are carved these wise words from General Obregon's philosophy: "Don't be afraid of enemies who attack you. Debajo del busto están grabadas estas sabias palabras de la filosofía del general Obregón: "No temas a los enemigos que te atacan. Abaixo do busto, estão esculpidas estas sábias palavras da filosofia do general Obregon: "Não tenha medo dos inimigos que o atacam. Be afraid of the friends who flatter you." Habt Angst vor den Freunden, die euch schmeicheln." Teme a los amigos que te adulan". Tenha medo dos amigos que te bajulam. " No! No! No! I am not suggesting flattery! Nein! Nein! Nein! Ich schlage keine Schmeichelei vor! ¡No! ¡No! ¡No! ¡No estoy sugiriendo adulación! Não! Não! Não! Não estou a sugerir lisonja! Far from it. Ni mucho menos. Longe disso. I'm talking about a new way of life. Hablo de una nueva forma de vida. Let me repeat. Permítanme repetirlo. I am talking about a new way of life. Hablo de una nueva forma de vida. King George V had a set of six maxims displayed on the walls of his study at Buckingham Palace. König George V. ließ sechs Maximen an den Wänden seines Arbeitszimmers im Buckingham Palace aufhängen. El Rey Jorge V tenía un conjunto de seis máximas expuestas en las paredes de su estudio en el Palacio de Buckingham. O Rei George V tinha um conjunto de seis máximas exibidas nas paredes de seu escritório no Palácio de Buckingham. One of these maxims said: "Teach me neither to proffer nor receive cheap praise." Eine dieser Maximen lautete: "Lehre mich, billiges Lob weder anzubieten noch anzunehmen." Una de estas máximas decía: "Enséñame a no ofrecer ni recibir alabanzas baratas". Uma dessas máximas dizia: "Ensina-me a não oferecer nem a receber elogios baratos". That's all flattery is - cheap praise. Das ist alles, was Schmeichelei ist - billiges Lob. Eso es lo que son los halagos: alabanzas baratas. Isso é tudo que é bajulação - elogio barato. I once read a definition of flattery that may be worth repeating: "Flattery is telling the other person precisely what he thinks about himself." Ich habe einmal eine Definition von Schmeichelei gelesen, die es wert ist, wiederholt zu werden: „Schmeichelei bedeutet, der anderen Person genau zu sagen, was sie über sich selbst denkt.“ Una vez leí una definición de adulación que quizá merezca la pena repetir: "Adular es decir a la otra persona precisamente lo que piensa de sí misma". Uma vez li uma definição de bajulação que pode valer a pena repetir: "Bajulação é dizer à outra pessoa precisamente o que ela pensa sobre si mesma." "Use what language you will," said Ralph Waldo Emerson, "you can never say anything but what you are ." "Benutze die Sprache, die du willst", sagte Ralph Waldo Emerson, "du kannst nie etwas anderes sagen als das, was du bist". "Utiliza el lenguaje que quieras", dijo Ralph Waldo Emerson, "nunca podrás decir otra cosa que lo que eres". "Use o idioma que quiser", disse Ralph Waldo Emerson, "você nunca pode dizer nada além do que é." If all we had to do was flatter, everybody would catch on and we should all be experts in human relations. Wenn wir nur schmeicheln müssten, würde das jeder kapieren, und wir wären alle Experten für menschliche Beziehungen. Si todo lo que tuviéramos que hacer fuera adular, todo el mundo lo entendería y todos seríamos expertos en relaciones humanas. Se tudo o que tivéssemos que fazer fosse mais plano, todos entenderiam e todos deveríamos ser especialistas em relações humanas. When we are not engaged in thinking about some definite problem, we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves. Wenn wir nicht damit beschäftigt sind, über ein bestimmtes Problem nachzudenken, verbringen wir normalerweise etwa 95 Prozent unserer Zeit damit, über uns selbst nachzudenken. Cuando no estamos ocupados pensando en algún problema concreto, solemos pasar cerca del 95 por ciento de nuestro tiempo pensando en nosotros mismos. Une de ces maximes disait: "Apprends-moi à ne pas proférer ni recevoir des éloges à bon marché." Quando não estamos empenhados em pensar sobre algum problema definido, geralmente passamos cerca de 95% do nosso tempo pensando em nós mesmos. 当我们不思考某个确定的问题时，我们通常会花费大约95％的时间来思考自己。 Now, if we stop thinking about ourselves for a while and begin to think of the other person's good points, we won't have to resort to flattery so cheap and false that it can be spotted almost before it is out of the mouth, One of the most neglected virtues of our daily existence is appreciation, Somehow, we neglect to praise our son or daughter when he or she brings home a good report card, and we fail to encourage our children when they first succeed in baking a cake or building a birdhouse. Agora, se pararmos de pensar em nós mesmos por um tempo e começarmos a pensar nos pontos positivos da outra pessoa, não teremos que recorrer à bajulação tão barata e falsa que ela pode ser vista quase antes de sair da boca. Uma das virtudes mais negligenciadas de nossa existência diária é a apreciação. De alguma forma, deixamos de elogiar nosso filho ou filha quando ele traz para casa um bom boletim e deixamos de incentivar nossos filhos quando eles conseguem assar um bolo ou construir uma casa de passarinho. Nothing pleases children more than this kind of parental interest and approval. Une fois, j’ai lu une définition de la flatterie qui méritait d’être répétée: "La flatterie dit à l’autre ce qu’il pense de lui-même". Nada agrada mais as crianças do que esse tipo de interesse e aprovação dos pais. The next time you enjoy filet mignon at the club, send word to the chef that it was excellently prepared, and when a tired salesperson shows you unusual courtesy, please mention it. Da próxima vez que você degustar filé mignon no clube, diga ao chef que ele foi preparado de maneira excelente e, quando um vendedor cansado mostrar uma cortesia incomum, mencione. Every minister, lecturer and public speaker knows the discouragement of pouring himself or herself out to an audience and not receiving a single ripple of appreciative comment. Jeder Pfarrer, Dozent und öffentliche Redner kennt die Entmutigung, wenn er oder sie sich vor einem Publikum ausschüttet und keinen einzigen anerkennenden Kommentar erhält. Si tout ce que nous devions faire était plat, tout le monde comprendrait et nous devrions tous être des experts en relations humaines. Todo ministro, conferencista e orador público conhece o desânimo de se entregar a uma audiência e não receber uma única onda de comentário apreciativo. What applies to professionals applies doubly to workers in offices, shops and factories and our families and friends. Was für Berufstätige gilt, gilt doppelt für Arbeitnehmer in Büros, Geschäften und Fabriken sowie für unsere Familien und Freunde. Lorsque nous ne réfléchissons pas à un problème précis, nous passons généralement environ 95% de notre temps à penser à nous-mêmes. O que se aplica aos profissionais se aplica duplamente aos trabalhadores de escritórios, lojas e fábricas e às nossas famílias e amigos. In our interpersonal relations we should never forget that all our associates are human beings and hunger for appreciation. Em nossas relações interpessoais, nunca devemos esquecer que todos os nossos associados são seres humanos e têm fome de valorização. It is the legal tender that all souls enjoy. Es ist das gesetzliche Zahlungsmittel, das alle Seelen genießen. Rien ne plaît plus aux enfants que ce type d’intérêt et d’approbation parentaux. É a moeda com curso legal que todas as almas desfrutam. 这是所有人灵魂所享受的法律温柔。 Try leaving a friendly trail of little sparks of gratitude on your daily trips. Versuchen Sie, auf Ihren täglichen Ausflügen eine freundliche Spur aus kleinen Funken der Dankbarkeit zu hinterlassen. La prochaine fois que vous dégusterez un filet mignon au club, faites savoir au chef qu'il est préparé de manière excellente. Si un vendeur fatigué vous montre une courtoisie inhabituelle, veuillez le mentionner. Experimente deixar um rastro amigável de pequenas centelhas de gratidão em suas viagens diárias. You will be surprised how they will set small flames of friendship that will be rose beacons on your next visit. Sie werden überrascht sein, wie sie kleine Freundschaftsflammen entfachen werden, die bei Ihrem nächsten Besuch zu rosa Leuchtfeuern werden. Chaque ministre, conférencier et orateur sait qu'il est décourageant de se livrer à un auditoire et de ne recevoir aucune vague de commentaires élogieux. Você ficará surpreso como eles irão acender pequenas chamas de amizade que serão faróis de rosas em sua próxima visita. Pamela Dunham of New Fairfield, Connecticut, had among her responsibilities on her job the supervision of a janitor who was doing a very poor job. Pamela Dunham aus New Fairfield, Connecticut, war an ihrem Arbeitsplatz unter anderem für die Überwachung eines Hausmeisters zuständig, der sehr schlechte Arbeit leistete. Pamela Dunham, de New Fairfield, Connecticut, tinha entre suas responsabilidades em seu trabalho a supervisão de um zelador que estava fazendo um trabalho muito ruim.

The other employees would jeer at him and litter the hallways to show him what a bad job he was doing. Die anderen Angestellten verhöhnten ihn und verteilten sich auf den Fluren, um ihm zu zeigen, wie schlecht er seine Arbeit machte. Os outros funcionários zombavam dele e enchiam os corredores para mostrar a ele o trabalho ruim que ele estava fazendo.

It was so bad, productive time was being lost in the shop. C'est le cours légal que toutes les âmes apprécient. Era tão ruim que perdia tempo produtivo na loja. Without success, Pam tried various ways to motivate this person. Essayez de laisser une trace amicale de petites étincelles de gratitude lors de vos voyages quotidiens. She noticed that occasionally he did a particularly good piece of work. Vous serez surpris de la façon dont ils allumeront de petites flammes d’amitié qui se lèveront lors de votre prochaine visite. Ela percebeu que ocasionalmente ele fazia um trabalho particularmente bom. She made a point to praise him for it in front of the other people. Sie legte großen Wert darauf, ihn dafür vor den anderen Leuten zu loben. Pamela Dunham de New Fairfield, dans le Connecticut, avait parmi ses responsabilités la supervision d’un concierge qui faisait un très mauvais travail. Ela fez questão de elogiá-lo por isso na frente das outras pessoas. Each day the job he did all around got better, and pretty soon he started doing all his work efficiently. Les autres employés se moquaient de lui et jonchaient les couloirs pour lui montrer son mauvais travail. A cada dia o trabalho que ele fazia melhorava e logo ele começou a fazer todo o seu trabalho com eficiência. Now he does an excellent job and other people give him appreciation and recognition. C'était tellement pénible que du temps productif se perdait dans le magasin. Agora ele faz um excelente trabalho e outras pessoas lhe agradecem e reconhecem. Honest appreciation got results where criticism and ridicule failed. Ehrliche Wertschätzung brachte Ergebnisse, wo Kritik und Spott versagten. A apreciação honesta obteve resultados onde a crítica e o ridículo falharam. Hurting people not only does not change them, it is never called for. Menschen zu verletzen, verändert sie nicht nur nicht, es ist auch nicht nötig. Ferir as pessoas não apenas não as muda, como nunca é necessário. 伤害人们不仅不会改变他们，而且从来没有要求过。 There is an old saying that I have cut out and pasted on my mirror where I cannot help but see it every day: I shall pass this way but once; any good, therefore, that I can do or any kindness that I can show to any human being, let me do it now. Es gibt ein altes Sprichwort, das ich ausgeschnitten und auf meinen Spiegel geklebt habe, wo ich nicht anders kann, als es jeden Tag zu sehen: Ich werde diesen Weg nur einmal passieren; alles Gute also, das ich tun kann, oder jede Freundlichkeit, die ich einem Menschen erweisen kann, lasst es mich jetzt tun. Há um velho ditado que recortei e colei em meu espelho onde não posso deixar de vê-lo todos os dias: Passarei por aqui apenas uma vez; qualquer bem, portanto, que eu possa fazer ou qualquer gentileza que eu possa mostrar a qualquer ser humano, deixe-me fazê-lo agora. Let me not defer nor neglect it, for I shall not pass this way again. Ich will es weder aufschieben noch vernachlässigen, denn ich werde diesen Weg nicht mehr gehen. Não me deixe adiar nem negligenciar, pois não passarei por aqui novamente. Emerson said: "Every man I meet is my superior in some way, In that, I learn of him." Emerson disse: "Cada homem que encontro é meu superior de alguma forma, e nisso, aprendo com ele." If that was true of Emerson, isn't it likely to be a thousand times more true of you and me? Se isso era verdade para Emerson, não é provável que seja mil vezes mais verdadeiro para você e eu? Let's cease thinking of our accomplishments, our wants. Hören wir auf, an unsere Errungenschaften, unsere Wünsche zu denken. Blesser les gens non seulement ne les change pas, il n’est jamais réclamé. Vamos parar de pensar em nossas realizações, em nossos desejos. Let's try to figure out the other person's good points. Il y a un vieux dicton que j'ai découpé et collé sur mon miroir où je ne peux pas m'empêcher de le voir tous les jours: je ne passerai que par ce chemin une fois; tout bien que je peux faire ou toute gentillesse que je peux montrer à un être humain, laissez-moi le faire maintenant. Vamos tentar descobrir os pontos positivos da outra pessoa. Then forget flattery. Dann vergessen Sie Schmeicheleien. Permettez-moi de ne pas différer ni négliger cela, car je ne reviendrai plus dans cette voie. Então esqueça a bajulação. Give honest, sincere appreciation. Geben Sie ehrliche, aufrichtige Wertschätzung. Emerson a déclaré: "Chaque homme que je rencontre est mon supérieur d'une manière ou d'une autre. En cela, j'apprends de lui." Agradecer de forma honesta e sincera. Be "hearty in your approbation and lavish in your praise," and people will cherish your words and treasure them and repeat them over a lifetime - repeat them years after you have forgotten them. Seien Sie "herzhaft in Ihrer Anerkennung und verschwenderisch in Ihrem Lob", und die Menschen werden Ihre Worte schätzen und schätzen und sie ein Leben lang wiederholen - wiederholen Sie sie Jahre, nachdem Sie sie vergessen haben. Sejam "calorosos na vossa aprovação e pródigos no vosso louvor", e as pessoas estimarão as vossas palavras, guardá-las-ão e repeti-las-ão ao longo da vida - repeti-las-ão anos depois de as terem esquecido.

• Principle 2 Give honest and sincere appreciation. • Grundsatz 2 Geben Sie ehrliche und aufrichtige Wertschätzung. Cessons de penser à nos réalisations, à nos besoins. - Princípio 2 Agradecer de forma honesta e sincera.