4.4 – The Battle of Stiklestad |||Stiklestad 4.4 – Die Schlacht von Stiklestad 4.4 – The Battle of Stiklestad 4.4 – La batalla de Stiklestad 4.4 – La bataille de Stiklestad 4.4 – De slag om Stiklestad 4.4 – Bitwa pod Stiklestad 4.4 – A Batalha de Stiklestad 4.4 – Битва при Стиклестаде 4.4 – Битва при Стіклестаді

Heihei!

Slaget på Stiklestad I de to forrige episodene snakka vi om vikingtida, både i Norge og vikingene utenfor Norge. The Battle|at|Stiklestad|In|In||previous|episodes|talked|we|about|the Viking Age|both|in|Norway|and the|the Vikings|outside of|in Norway Die Schlacht von Stiklestad In den beiden vorherigen Episoden haben wir über die Wikingerzeit gesprochen, sowohl in Norwegen als auch über die Wikinger außerhalb Norwegens. The Battle of Stiklestad In the two previous episodes we talked about the Viking Age, both in Norway and the Vikings outside Norway. I denne episoden skal vi gå litt framover. I|this||will||move||forward In this episode we will go a little further. I denne episoden skal vi fokusere på avslutningen av vikingtida. |this|episode|will|we|focus|on|the end|of the|the Viking Age In dieser Folge konzentrieren wir uns auf das Ende der Wikingerzeit. In this episode, we will focus on the end of the Viking Age. Vikingtida slutta da Norge blei et kristent land som resten av Europa. Viking Age|ended|when|Norway|became|a|Christian|country|like|the rest|| Die Wikingerzeit endete, als Norwegen wie der Rest Europas ein christliches Land wurde. The Viking Age ended when Norway became a Christian country like the rest of Europe. Slaget på Stiklestad var en viktig hendelse i kristninga av Norge. The Battle||Stiklestad|was||important|event|the|Christianization|of|Norway The battle of Stiklestad was an important event in the Christianization of Norway. Kristendommen begynte å virkelig spre seg i Norge på 1000-tallet. Christianity|began||truly|spread|itself||Norway||the 1000s Christianity began to really spread in Norway in the 11th century.

En av hovedpersonene i kristninga av Norge var Olav II Haraldsson. One|of|main figures|the|the Christianization|of|Norway|was|Olaf II|Saint| One of the main figures in the Christianization of Norway was Olav II Haraldsson. Olav Haraldsson var en av de viktigste personene i den tidlige kristningen av Norge. Olav Haraldsson||was|one of|of|the|most important|people||the|early|Christianization|of|Norway Olav Haraldsson was one of the most important people in the early Christianization of Norway. Han er i dag bedre kjent som Olav den hellige. He||in|today|better||known as|Olav the Saint|the|the Holy Today he is better known as Olaf the Saint. Han var konge av Norge fra 1015 til 1028. He||king|of|Norway||to He was king of Norway from 1015 to 1028. Olav den hellige gjorde kristendommen til Norges offisielle religion i 1020. Olaf the Saint|the||made|Christianity|to|Norway's|official|religion|in the year Olav the Saint made Christianity Norway's official religion in 1020.

Hvorfor ønska en norsk konge å innføre kristendommen i Norge? Why|wanted|one|Norwegian|king|to|introduce|Christianity|in| Why did a Norwegian king wish to introduce Christianity in Norway? På 1000-tallet var det fremdeles mange i Norge som trodde på de norrøne gudene. In|the 1000s|was|there|still|many|in|Norway|who|believed||the|Norse|the Norse gods In the 11th century, there were still many people in Norway who believed in the Norse gods. Den norrøne religionen levde fremdeles. The|Norse|the Norse religion|lived on|still The Norse religion was still alive. En grunn til at de norske kongene ønska å kristne Norge var at kristendommen kunne brukes til å sentralisere makta rundt kongen. |reason|to|that||Norwegian|the kings|wanted||Christianize|Norway||that|Christianity|could be|be used|to|to|centralize|power|around the|the king Ein Grund, warum die norwegischen Könige Norwegen christianisieren wollten, war, dass das Christentum genutzt werden konnte, um die Macht rund um den König zu zentralisieren. One reason why the Norwegian kings wanted to Christianize Norway was that Christianity could be used to centralize power around the king. Kristendommen kunne brukes av kongen til å øke makta si. Christianity|could be||by|the king|to||increase|power| Das Christentum könnte vom König genutzt werden, um seine Macht zu vergrößern. Christianity could be used by the king to increase his power. For eksempel kunne kongen bruke kristendommen til å minke den religiøse rollen til de lokale høvdingene. For example|for example|could|the king||Christianity|to|to|reduce|the|religious|religious role|to|the local chiefs|local|the local chiefs Beispielsweise könnte der König das Christentum nutzen, um die religiöse Rolle der örtlichen Häuptlinge zu schwächen. For example, the king could use Christianity to diminish the religious role of the local chiefs. Наприклад, король міг використовувати християнство, щоб применшити релігійну роль місцевих вождів. De lokale høvdingene ville da få mindre makt. The|the local|chiefs|would|then|have|less|power Die örtlichen Häuptlinge hätten dann weniger Macht. The local chiefs would then have less power. I tillegg kunne kristendommen være en måte å knytte Norge nærmere sammen. In addition||could|Christianity|be|a|way of|to|connect|Norway|closer together| Darüber hinaus könnte das Christentum eine Möglichkeit sein, Norwegen enger miteinander zu verbinden. In addition, Christianity could be a way of linking Norway closer together.

Kristninga av Norge var altså en viktig del av samlinga av Norge til én politisk enhet. Christianization||Norway|was|thus||important|part|of|unification||Norway|||political|political unit Die Christianisierung Norwegens war somit ein wichtiger Teil der Vereinigung Norwegens zu einer politischen Einheit. The Christianization of Norway was thus an important part of the gathering of Norway into one political entity. 因此，挪威的基督教化是挪威聚集成一个政治实体的重要组成部分。 Kongen kom til å samarbeide tett med kirka. the King|will||will|collaborate|closely|with|the church The king came to collaborate closely with the church. Kirka og kongen i Norge kom til å samarbeide slik at kongen beskytta kirka, mens kirka legitimerte kongens makt. the church||the king||Norway|came to|to|come to|collaborate|in such a way|so that|the king|protected|the church|while|the church|legitimized|the king's|power Die Kirche und der König in Norwegen arbeiteten zusammen, so dass der König die Kirche schützte, während die Kirche die Macht des Königs legitimierte. The church and the king in Norway came to cooperate so that the king protected the church, while the church legitimized the king's power.

Olav Haraldsson var en av de viktigste i å spre kristendommen i Norge. Olaf|Harald's son|was|one|of|the|most important|in|to|spread|Christianity|in|Norway Olav Haraldsson was one of the most important people in spreading Christianity in Norway. Han gjorde kristendommen til offisiell religion i Norge i 1020. He|made|Christianity|to the|official|religion|in|Norway|in He made Christianity the official religion in Norway in 1020. I tillegg brukte han vold og makt til å kristne Norge. |in addition||he|violence|and|power||to|Christianize|Norway In addition, he used violence and force to Christianize Norway. Han tvang høvdinger til å skifte religion. He|forced|chiefs|to||change|religion He forced chiefs to change their religion. Він змусив вождів змінити релігію.

Slaget på Stiklestad blir ofte kalt et vendepunkt i norsk historie. The Battle|at|Stiklestad|is often|often|called|a|Turning point|Norwegian history|Norwegian|history The Battle of Stiklestad is often called a turning point in Norwegian history. Etter slaget blei Norge et kristent land. After the|the battle|became|Norway||Christian|country After the battle, Norway became a Christian country. Dette er derimot en ganske kraftig forenkling. This||on the other hand|a|quite a|strong|simplification Allerdings handelt es sich hierbei um eine recht drastische Vereinfachung. This, on the other hand, is a fairly powerful simplification. Однак це досить кардинальне спрощення. 然而，这是一个相当大的简化。 Kanskje er slaget som myte viktigere enn det faktiske historiske slaget. Maybe||battle|that|myth or legend|more important|than|the|actual historical|historical battle|the battle Vielleicht ist die Schlacht als Mythos wichtiger als die tatsächliche historische Schlacht. Perhaps the battle as a myth is more important than the actual historical battle. 也许神话中的战斗比实际的历史战斗更重要。

Stiklestad ligger i Trøndelag, midt i Norge. Stiklestad|is located|in|Trøndelag|in the middle|in|Norway Stiklestad is located in Trøndelag, in the middle of Norway. Det ligger litt nord for Trondheim i dag. It|is located||north|||today| It is located a little north of Trondheim today. Her kjempa en hær leda av Olav Haraldsson mot en bondehær leda av kjente høvdinger og stormenn som Tore Hund og Kalv Arnesson. Here|fought|a|army|led by|led by|Olav Haraldsson||against|a|peasant army|led by|of|known|chieftains|and|chieftains||Tore Hund|Tore Hund|and|Kalv Arnesson|Arnesson Hier kämpfte eine von Olav Haraldsson angeführte Armee gegen eine Bauernarmee unter der Führung bekannter Häuptlinge und großer Männer wie Tore Hund und Kalv Arnesson. Here an army led by Olav Haraldsson fought against a peasant army led by famous chiefs and great men like Tore Hund and Kalv Arnesson. Ifølge Snorre Sturlasson, som skreiv 200 år etter Stiklestad, så bestod bondehæren av 7000 menn, mens Olav Haraldssons hær bare bestod av 3600. According to|Snorre Sturlasson|Snorri Sturluson|who|wrote|years|after|Stiklestad (1)|then|consisted|peasant army|of||while|King Olav|Haraldsson's|army||consisted|of Laut Snorre Sturlasson, der 200 Jahre nach Stiklestad schrieb, bestand die Bauernarmee aus 7.000 Mann, während Olav Haraldssons Armee nur aus 3.600 Mann bestand. According to Snorre Sturlasson, who wrote 200 years after Stiklestad, the peasant army consisted of 7000 men, while Olav Haraldsson's army only consisted of 3600. За словами Снорре Стурлассона, який писав через 200 років після Стіклестада, селянська армія складалася з 7000 чоловік, тоді як армія Олава Харальдссона складалася лише з 3600. Historikere i dag tror ikke på disse tallene. Historians today||today|believe|do not|believe in|these|the numbers Historians today do not believe these numbers. Historikere i dag tror disse tallene er altfor høye. Historians today|in|today|believe|these|the numbers|are|far too|high Historians today believe these numbers are far too high. Sannsynligvis bestod de to hærene av noen hundre mann, ikke tusener. probably|consisted of|they||the armies||some|hundred|men|not|thousands of men Probably the two armies consisted of a few hundred men, not thousands. 两军大概只有几百人，而不是几千人。

I norsk historie har slaget ofte blitt framstilt som et slag mellom kristendommen, representert av Olav Haraldsson, mot den norrøne religionen, representert av bondehæren og høvdingene. In|Norwegian|history||the battle|often|been|portrayed|as|a|battle|between|Christianity|represented by|of|Olaf Haraldsson||against||Norse|the Norse religion|represented||the peasant army||the chieftains In der norwegischen Geschichte wurde die Schlacht oft als Kampf zwischen dem Christentum, vertreten durch Olav Haraldsson, und der nordischen Religion, vertreten durch die Bauernarmee und die Häuptlinge, dargestellt. In Norwegian history, the battle has often been portrayed as a battle between Christianity, represented by Olav Haraldsson, against the Norse religion, represented by the peasant army and the chiefs. У норвезькій історії битва часто зображується як битва між християнством, представленим Олавом Гаральдссоном, проти скандинавської релігії, представленої селянською армією, і вождями. Likevel var det sannsynligvis både kristne og hedninger på begge sider av slaget. Nevertheless|was|there|probably||Christians|and|pagans|on|both|sides of|of the|the battle Nevertheless, there were probably both Christians and pagans on both sides of the battle. 尽管如此，战争双方可能都有基督徒和异教徒。 Begge hærer hadde nok kristne og hedninger. Both armies|armies|had|enough of|Christians|and|pagans Both armies had enough Christians and pagans. Slaget handla egentlig mer om politikk enn religion. The battle|was about|actually|more||politics|| The battle is really more about politics than religion.

Hva skjedde på Stiklestad i 1030? |happened|at|Stiklestad|the year Vi vet egentlig ikke så veldig mye om selve slaget, utenom at det var et slag der. |know|actually|not|that|very|a lot|about|the battle|the battle|except that|that|it|was|a|battle|where We do not really know much about the battle itself, except that it was a battle there. 我们对这场战斗本身知之甚少，只知道那里发生过一场战斗。 Det vi vet er at bondehæren vant slaget mot Olav Haraldsson. that||know|is||the peasant army|won|the battle|against|King Olav| Was wir wissen ist, dass die Bauernarmee die Schlacht gegen Olav Haraldsson gewonnen hat. What we do know is that the peasant army won the battle against Olav Haraldsson. Що ми знаємо, так це те, що селянська армія виграла битву проти Олава Гаральдссона. 我们所知道的是，农民军赢得了与奥拉夫·哈拉尔森的战斗。 I tillegg blei Olav Haraldsson drept. In addition||was|Olav Haraldsson|son of Harald|killed In addition, Olav Haraldsson was killed. Det som skjedde etter slaget og måten Olav Haraldsson blei brukt på var langt viktigere enn selve slaget på Stiklestad i 1030. The event|that|happened|after|the battle||the way|||was used|used||far|far more|more important||the battle|the battle||Stiklestad battle|in Was nach der Schlacht geschah und wie Olav Haraldsson eingesetzt wurde, war weitaus wichtiger als die tatsächliche Schlacht bei Stiklestad im Jahr 1030. What happened after the battle and the way Olav Haraldsson was used was far more important than the actual battle of Stiklestad in 1030. Те, що сталося після битви, і те, як використовувався Олав Гаральдссон, було набагато важливіше, ніж фактична битва під Стіклестадом у 1030 році. 战斗结束后发生的事情以及奥拉夫·哈拉尔森的使用方式远比 1030 年斯蒂克莱斯塔德的实际战斗重要。

Liket av Olav blei frakta til Nidaros etter slaget. The body|of|Olav the first|was|transported|to|Trondheim|after the|the battle The body of Olav was transported to Nidaros after the battle. Nidaros var navnet på byen som heter Trondheim i dag. Nidaros||the name|of||that|is called|||today Nidaros was the name of the city that is called Trondheim today. Olav blei erklært til helgen og fikk navnet Olav den hellige. Olav|was|declared||saint||received|the name|Olav the Holy|the (1st)|the holy Olav wurde zum Heiligen erklärt und erhielt den Namen Olav der Heilige. Olav was declared a saint and was named Olav the Saint. Senere blei det bygd en katedral der Olav blei gravlagt. Later|was||built|a|cathedral|where|Olaf|was|buried Later, a cathedral was built where Olav was buried. Der de gravla Olav i Trondheim står i dag Nidarosdomen, en stor og vakker katedral. There|where they|buried|Olav the Great|in||stands|today|today|Nidaros Cathedral|a|large||beautiful|cathedral An der Stelle, an der Olav in Trondheim begraben wurde, steht heute der Nidarosdom, eine große und wunderschöne Kathedrale. Where they buried Olav in Trondheim today stands Nidaros Cathedral, a large and beautiful cathedral. Olav den hellige som martyr var et viktig symbol for de norske kongene og for kirka i Norge. Olaf the Saint|the|Saint|who|martyr|as|a|important|symbol|for|the|Norwegian|the kings|and|for|the church|in|Norway Der heilige Olav war als Märtyrer ein wichtiges Symbol für die norwegischen Könige und für die Kirche in Norwegen. Saint Olav as a martyr was an important symbol for the Norwegian kings and for the church in Norway. At Olav blei drept var kanskje det viktigste som skjedde på Stiklestad i 1030. At that|Olav the Holy|was|killed|was|perhaps|the|most important|that|happened||Stiklestad|the year That Olav was killed was perhaps the most important thing that happened at Stiklestad in 1030.

I dag er slaget sannsynligvis det mest kjente slaget i norsk historie, selv om slaget i seg selv ikke var så veldig viktig. In||is|battle|probably|the|most|famous|battle|Norwegian|Norwegian|history|even|although|the battle|itself|itself|itself|not|was|that|very|important Heute ist die Schlacht wahrscheinlich die berühmteste Schlacht in der norwegischen Geschichte, auch wenn die Schlacht selbst nicht sehr wichtig war. Today, the battle is probably the most famous battle in Norwegian history, although the battle itself was not very important. Slaget var altså viktigere som myte og som symbol enn i sin politiske betydning. The Battle|was|thus|more important|as|myth|as|as|symbol|than|its|its political|political|significance The battle was thus more important as a myth and as a symbol than in its political significance. Таким чином, битва була важливішою як міф і як символ, ніж через її політичне значення.

Vocabulary:

Forrige – Previous Previous|Previous

Utenfor – Outside of Outside of|Outside of|

Resten av – The rest of the rest|of||The rest of|

Slag – Battle Battle|

Å spre seg – To be spread to|to spread|itself||be verb|to spread Verbreiten – Verbreiten

Hovedperson – Protagonist Main character|Main character

Å innføre – To introduce/to establish to|to introduce||To introduce||To establish

Fremdeles – Still Still|Still

Makt – Power Power|Power

Å minke – To reduce to|reduce||To reduce

Høvding – Chieftain Chieftain|leader

Å knytte sammen – To connect to|to connect|together||To connect

Sammarbeide – To cooperate To cooperate||

Å legitimere – To legitimize to|To legitimize||To legitimize

Å spre – To spread to|to spread||

Vold – Violence Violence|

Å skifte – To change to|to change||to change

Vendepunkt – Turning point Turning point|Turning point|

Forenkling – Simplification Simplification|Simplification

Myte – Myth Myth|Myth

Hær – Army Army|Army

Bondehær – Peasant army Peasant army|Peasant|army

Ifølge – According to according to|According|

Å bestå av – To consist of to|consist of|of||consist of|

Altfor – Way too way too||Way too

Å framstille som – To portray as to|Portray as|as||To portray as| Darstellen als – Sich darstellen als

Hedning – Pagan Heathen – Pagan|

Å handle om – To be about to|to be about|about||be|

Utenom at – Except that except|that||that Except that - Except that

Selve slaget – The battle itself itself|battle|||itself

Lik – Corpse Corpse|Corpse

Å erklære – To declare to|To declare||To declare

Gravlagt – Buried Buried|Buried