Eighty-eight: Company Christmas Party tám|||| Eighty-eight|||| 여든|여덟|회사|크리스마스 파티|회사 크리스마스 파티 Вісімдесят вісім|вісімдесят вісім|Компанія|Різдво|Вечірка Achtundachtzig: Firmenweihnachtsfeier Ochenta y ocho: Fiesta de Navidad de la empresa Quatre-vingt-huit : Fête de Noël de l'entreprise Ottantotto: Festa di Natale dell'azienda 88歳会社のクリスマスパーティー 여든 여덟: 회사 크리스마스 파티 Aštuoniasdešimt aštuonios: įmonės Kalėdų vakarėlis Osiemdziesiąt osiem: Firmowe przyjęcie świąteczne Oitenta e oito: Festa de Natal da empresa Восемьдесят восемь: Рождественская вечеринка компании Åttioåtta: Företagets julfest Seksen sekiz: Şirket Noel Partisi Вісімдесят вісім: Різдвяна вечірка компанії 八十八：公司圣诞晚会 八十八：公司聖誕晚會

Steve: Hello, you’re listening to EnglishLingQ Podcast. |xin chào||||| |||слухаєте||EnglishLingQ|Подкаст Стів: Привіт, ви слухаєте подкаст EnglishLingQ. Hi Jill. Jill: Hi Steve. Steve: Welcome to LingQ. |||링크에 오신 것을 환영합니다. We want you to first listen to us speak to you in our language, which is English, I think, and then we want you to sign up for a free account at LingQ.com because there you’ll get transcripts and you’ll get other learning tools that are really going to help you. ||||||||konuşmak|||||||||||||||||||||ücretsiz||||||||||ve|||||||||||yardım etmek| So, you have a chance to experience LingQ. You have a chance to experience the future of language, as we say. Jill, what are we going to talk about today the Christmas Party?

Jill: Yeah. Steve: We could. Jill: That’s a great idea. Steve: You know, the office is going to have a Christmas party and everybody is preparing some stuff and what are you preparing? Jill: Well that’s going to be a surprise. Steve: Okay. Is it a surprise dessert? ||||tráng miệng Is it a surprise main course? ¿Es un plato principal sorpresa? Jill: No, I’m just going to bring, I think, a platter with several different cheeses and some olives and some different little breads and crackers and some dips. ||||||||||Serving dish||||varieties of cheese|||olives|||||small loaves||crisp, thin biscuits|||sauces or spreads ||||||||||お皿|||||||オリーブ|||||パン||||| ||||||||||uma travessa|||||||||||||||||molhos Jill: No, sólo voy a traer, creo, un plato con varios quesos diferentes y algunas aceitunas y algunos diferentes pequeños panes y galletas y algunas salsas. Джил: Нет, я просто принесу, думаю, тарелку с несколькими видами сыра, оливки, несколько видов хлеба, крекеры и несколько соусов. I might make the dips or I might not have time and I might have to buy them. ||||ディップ||||||||||||| Я могу приготовить дипы, а могу не успеть и купить их. Steve: Okay, well that’s great. I know Kate’s husband Paul is a keen gourmet chef, so he’s going to be doing something. ||||||||ẩm thực|||||||| ||Kate is|||||||||||||| ||ケイトの||||||グルメ|||||||| ||a de Kate|||||||||||||| Jill: Some prawns. ||Shrimp ||camarões Jill: Algunas gambas. Steve: Oh, very good. Jill: Prawns wrapped with prosciutto, I think, and I think we’ve got some veggies coming and a salad and a couple of great desserts. ||||thịt xông khói||||||||||||||||||| ||||cured Italian ham|||||||||vegetables|||||||||| |エビ|||プロシュート|||||||||野菜|||||||||| |os camarões|||presunto||||||||||||||||||| Jill: Langostinos envueltos con prosciutto, creo, y creo que tenemos algunas verduras que viene y una ensalada y un par de grandes postres. Steve: Oh good. Jill: A cheesecake, a chocolate lava cake and then, of course, Carmen is going to be making the two main dishes, I think a beef dish and a salmon dish. ||dessert with cheese|||molten chocolate cake|||||||||||||||||||||||| ||チーズケーキ|||ラヴァケー|||||||||||||||||||||||| Jill: Un pastel de queso, un pastel de lava de chocolate y luego, por supuesto, Carmen va a hacer los dos platos principales, creo que un plato de carne y un plato de salmón. Джил: Чизкейк, шоколадный лавовый торт, а затем, конечно, Кармен будет готовить два основных блюда, думаю, блюдо из говядины и блюдо из лосося. Steve: Yeah and you know Carmen my wife, like she sits down and plans this thing. Steve: Sí y sabes Carmen mi esposa, como ella se sienta y planea esta cosa. She draws everything out on her pad like a little sketch. |draws|||||notebook|as if|||rough drawing ||||||||||esboço Lo dibuja todo en su libreta como si fuera un pequeño boceto. Jill: Of the food? Steve: Of the food; she has it all sketched out. ||||||||planned in detail| ||||||||描いてある| ||||||||esboçada| Steve: De la comida; lo tiene todo dibujado. Steve : De la nourriture ; elle a tout esquissé. Oh yeah, you’ll see that on Saturday. Jill: Oh wow! Steve: Yeah, so then she gets a visual sense of just what it is we’re going to have. Jill: There’s no messing around with her. |Il n'y a|pas de|||| |||brincadeira||| Jill: No se juega con ella. Jill : Il n'y a pas de problème avec elle. Джил: С ней нельзя шутить. Steve: No messing around, so that will be fun hopefully. ||fooling around||||||| Hopefully we don’t get a big snowfall or something, which makes it difficult for people to get around. ||||||heavy snowstorm||||||||||| ||||||大雪||||||||||| Esperemos que no caiga una gran nevada o algo así, que dificulte el desplazamiento de la gente. Jill: No, actually, I heard that Saturday night the party and it’s supposed to be beautiful weather for the rest of the week until Sunday and Sunday is when we’re supposed to start getting some nasty winter weather again. ||in fact|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||悪い||| Steve: Okay. Well, you know, last weekend I put up all our Christmas lights, so I’m ready now. |||先週|||||||||||| Bueno, ya sabes, el fin de semana pasado puse todas nuestras luces de Navidad, así que ya estoy lista. Eh bien, vous savez, le week-end dernier, j'ai installé toutes nos lumières de Noël, donc je suis prêt maintenant. Jill: Oh good. Steve: Okay, normally I leave it until later, but since we’re having the Christmas party at our place early this year then I had to get organized and hang up the Christmas lights. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||et||||| Steve : D'accord, normalement je laisse ça à plus tard, mais comme nous organisons la fête de Noël chez nous au début de cette année, j'ai dû m'organiser et raccrocher les lumières de Noël. Jill: It will be nice. I think everybody is looking forward to it. Creo que todo el mundo lo está deseando. Having it at your home, it’s such a nice environment there and Carmen is such a good cook, so. Steve: Well, we have a little more time. Steve : Eh bien, nous avons un peu plus de temps. When we have it at a restaurant then you don’t feel quite as at home. Quand nous l'avons dans un restaurant, vous ne vous sentez pas aussi à l'aise. I hope people don’t leave their glasses on my piano and things of that nature, but we will see what happens. J'espère que les gens ne laisseront pas leurs lunettes sur mon piano et des choses de cette nature, mais nous verrons ce qui se passera. Jill: We’re too classy for that. Jill: Somos demasiado elegante para eso. Jill : Nous sommes trop chics pour ça. Джил: Мы слишком стильные для этого. Steve: I know, I know, otherwise we wouldn’t invite them. One of the things, you know, I thought we might talk about because we have to talk about it anyway, so then I thought we’d talk about it and just, you know, we won’t be self-conscious about the fact that we’re actually talking for other people to hear. Une des choses, vous savez, j'ai pensé que nous pourrions en parler parce que nous devons en parler de toute façon, alors j'ai pensé que nous en parlerions et juste, vous savez, nous ne serons pas gênés par le fait que nous parlons en fait pour que d'autres personnes l'entendent. But one of the things we have to decide is what our categories should be in our writing correction because when people submit writing in LingQ what we do is that the corrector will highlight a phrase that is either wrong or inappropriate or not ideal and then replace that with a phrase that is proper usage. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||訂正者|||||||||||||||||||||||| Mais l'une des choses que nous devons décider est quelles devraient être nos catégories dans notre correction d'écriture parce que lorsque les gens soumettent une écriture dans LingQ, ce que nous faisons, c'est que le correcteur mettra en évidence une phrase qui est soit fausse, soit inappropriée, soit non idéale, puis la remplacera. avec une phrase qui est le bon usage. The net result is that the corrected English looks like native speaker English and, of course, we encourage our learners to import that into their system and then save words so that they can really, you know, remember how to say these things correctly. Le résultat net est que l'anglais corrigé ressemble à l'anglais de langue maternelle et, bien sûr, nous encourageons nos apprenants à l'importer dans leur système, puis à enregistrer des mots afin qu'ils puissent vraiment, vous savez, se rappeler comment dire ces choses correctement. One thing I should add too, you know, some people say they don’t like to write, it’s too much work and stuff, I think it’s important that people not put too much effort, you know, into re-editing or reworking their writing. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||revising|| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||再編集|| Une chose que je devrais ajouter aussi, vous savez, certaines personnes disent qu'elles n'aiment pas écrire, c'est trop de travail et tout, je pense qu'il est important que les gens ne mettent pas trop d'efforts, vous savez, à rééditer ou à retravailler leur l'écriture. This is not a school essay. This is not a report for your boss at work. We want to see what your problems are in using the language. Jill: So don’t spend a week on one submission trying to correct it. Steve: No and don’t correct it because the writing is like a record. Steve : Non et ne corrigez pas parce que l'écriture est comme un disque. It’s a record, a footprint, of the way you use the language and it’s one that is very easy to correct and to identify problems. ||||trace or mark|||||||||||||||||||| Es un registro, una huella, de la forma en que utilizas la lengua y es muy fácil corregirla e identificar problemas. C'est un enregistrement, une empreinte, de la façon dont vous utilisez la langue et c'est très facile à corriger et à identifier les problèmes. If you go back in and edit it and then realize all your mistakes, that’s probably not bad either, but perhaps better would be that if you just take 15-20 minutes, don’t take three hours, just write something the way you would speak and then let our corrector correct it. Si vous y retournez et que vous le modifiez, puis que vous réalisez toutes vos erreurs, ce n'est probablement pas mal non plus, mais peut-être serait-il préférable que si vous ne preniez que 15 à 20 minutes, ne prenez pas trois heures, écrivez simplement quelque chose comme vous le feriez parler et ensuite laisser notre correcteur le corriger. Jill: Well, I guess the advantage to doing that is that it’s more like how it will be when you’re speaking. Jill : Eh bien, je suppose que l'avantage de faire cela est que cela ressemble plus à ce que ce sera lorsque vous parlerez. You don’t have time to go back and reword what you just said or think about it and say it eight different ways until you get it right. ||||||||rephrase||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||言い換える||||||||||||||||||| No tienes tiempo de volver atrás y reformular lo que acabas de decir o de pensarlo y decirlo de ocho formas distintas hasta que te salga bien. Vous n'avez pas le temps de revenir en arrière et de reformuler ce que vous venez de dire ou d'y penser et de le dire de huit manières différentes jusqu'à ce que vous ayez raison. Je hebt geen tijd om terug te gaan en opnieuw te formuleren wat je net hebt gezegd of erover na te denken en het op acht verschillende manieren te zeggen totdat je het goed hebt. You have to just speak and you’re on the spot and so if you want your writing correction to reflect the corrections that we would make in your speaking then it is better not to spend a lot of time editing and revising. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||making changes Sólo tienes que hablar y estás en el acto, así que si quieres que tu corrección escrita refleje las correcciones que haríamos en tu expresión oral, entonces es mejor que no dediques mucho tiempo a editar y revisar. Vous n'avez qu'à parler et vous êtes sur place et donc si vous voulez que votre correction d'écriture reflète les corrections que nous ferions dans votre discours, il vaut mieux ne pas passer beaucoup de temps à éditer et à réviser. Steve: Exactly and for a lot of people who are studying English or some other language and who don’t live in an environment where that language is used, I mean they can talk to themselves, they can talk to the wall, but here if they write they have an opportunity to express themselves, to try to use the language, so make it as natural as possible. Jill: And also the other thing is it doesn’t have to be long. Steve: No. Jill: I always tell people who say that writing seems like such an overwhelming task and they don’t want to do it, I always just say you can just write a hundred words, you know, one paragraph, you don’t have to write a lot at a time, write a few sentences. |||||||||||||overwhelming||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Steve: But write more often. Jill: But write more often, yeah. Steve: Now the issue we’ve got to decide on is the categories because every time there’s a correction made the corrector, you know, in our system identifies it as being one or another type of mistake. Steve: Ahora el tema que tenemos que decidir son las categorías porque cada vez que se hace una corrección el corrector, ya sabes, en nuestro sistema lo identifica como que es uno u otro tipo de error. Steve : Maintenant, la question sur laquelle nous devons nous prononcer concerne les catégories, car chaque fois qu'une correction est apportée, le correcteur, vous savez, dans notre système, l'identifie comme étant un type d'erreur ou un autre. So what we have right now is we have Article because in many languages there are no articles, so it’s very difficult coming from a language where they don’t have articles to figure out when to use “the”, “a”, “and”, so problems with articles are quite frequent; it’s not a big problem. Jill: The meaning is still understood. Jill : Le sens est toujours compris. Steve: People shouldn’t get hung up on it; it’s very difficult, you know, to get right. ||||obsessed with|obsessed with|||||||||| Steve: La gente no debería obsesionarse con eso; es muy difícil, ya sabes, hacerlo bien. Steve : Les gens ne devraient pas s'accrocher à ça ; c'est très difficile, vous savez, d'avoir raison. Then we have Preposition and that’s an awfully difficult one too. Jill: Very hard. Steve: Because it’s just habit, like I live in Vancouver, at Vancouver… Steve: Porque es sólo la costumbre, como yo vivo en Vancouver, en Vancouver... Jill: …on Vancouver. Steve: Maybe, why not, you know, so I mean there are languages where the same word would be used for “in”, “on” and “at”, so Preposition is one. Punctuation - yeah, in all languages punctuation is an issue. Puntuación: sí, en todos los idiomas la puntuación es un problema. I’m sure that I would have a lot of punctuation mistakes for sure in my English, especially using colons and semicolons and commas, but Punctuation is there. ||||||||||||||||||punctuation marks||punctuation marks||punctuation marks|||| |||||||||句読点|||||||||コロン||セミコロン||コンマ|||| Singular and Plural – there are languages where plural isn’t used so, yeah, it’s difficult coming into English. Then we have Verb, of course, and Verb is a big one. So the four big fundamental grammar issues are Article, Preposition, Verb and what was the other one? |||||||||Preposition||||||| ||||||||冠詞|前置詞||||||| Jill: Singular-Plural? Steve: Maybe Singular-Plural, yeah, Singular-Plural. Now, once we get beyond that we get some tricky issues, like we have a category called Incorrect Usage. ||||past|||||||||||||| Ahora, una vez que vamos más allá, nos encontramos con algunas cuestiones complicadas, como que tenemos una categoría llamada Uso incorrecto. Maintenant, une fois que nous allons au-delà de cela, nous rencontrons des problèmes délicats, comme nous avons une catégorie appelée Utilisation incorrecte. Теперь, когда мы выходим за эти рамки, возникают некоторые сложные вопросы, например, у нас есть категория "Неправильное использование". Is that too vague? |||vague We have Unnatural Usage. Now I don’t know personally what the difference is between Incorrect and Unnatural Usage. Jill: So those are new mistake types that we added in LingQ and we didn’t use those ones in The Linguist. Jill : Ce sont donc de nouveaux types d'erreurs que nous avons ajoutés dans LingQ et nous n'avons pas utilisé ceux-là dans The Linguist. I think the reason we came up with those was that sometimes the way somebody says something is not actually incorrect, it’s grammatically correct, but it’s just unnatural because that’s not how the native speaker would say it. ||||||||||||||||||||||correctly||||||||||||||| Creo que se nos ocurrieron porque a veces la forma en que alguien dice algo no es realmente incorrecta, es gramaticalmente correcta, pero es antinatural porque no es como lo diría un hablante nativo. Steve: Right. Jill: So that’s when something would fall into Unnatural Usage; whereas, Incorrect Usage is when it’s actually wrong. Jill : C'est donc à ce moment-là que quelque chose tomberait dans l'usage non naturel ; alors que l'utilisation incorrecte est quand c'est vraiment faux. You can’t say that because it’s wrong; it’s incorrect. Steve: Right, so it’s incorrect for reasons not having to do with article or preposition or singular-plural. The other one we had some trouble with was Word Form versus… Jill: …Sorry, if I could just interrupt you. Steve: Yeah. Jill: I guess the Incorrect Usage would really boil down to choice of words, in a lot of instances. Jill: Supongo que el uso incorrecto realmente se reduciría a la elección de palabras, en muchos casos. Jill : Je suppose que l'utilisation incorrecte se résumerait vraiment au choix des mots, dans de nombreux cas. Jill: Ik denk dat het onjuiste gebruik in veel gevallen neerkomt op de woordkeuze. Steve: Alright, okay, yeah, it’s good you raised that because we have this Word Form, Word Order. Steve: Oké, oké, ja, het is goed dat je dat ter sprake hebt gebracht, want we hebben deze woordvorm, woordvolgorde. We used to have a thing called Choice of Words, which we no longer have. Nous avions une chose appelée Choix des mots, que nous n'avons plus. I was doing some corrections recently and I felt that I kept on wanting to use Choice of Words and, in fact, we found that was the biggest category that most people…yeah, they might make mistakes with articles and with prepositions and with verb tenses or verb agreements and stuff, but the biggest thing is that people use a word that they don’t really understand how it’s used or what the scope of meaning is, so I was kind of thinking we should put that one back in. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||verb concordance||||||||||||||||||||||||Range of meaning|||||||||||||||| Hace poco estaba haciendo algunas correcciones y sentí que seguía queriendo usar la elección de palabras y, de hecho, descubrimos que era la categoría más importante en la que la mayoría de la gente... sí, pueden cometer errores con artículos y con preposiciones y con tiempos verbales o acuerdos verbales y cosas así, pero lo más importante es que la gente usa una palabra que realmente no entiende cómo se usa o cuál es el alcance de su significado, así que estaba pensando que deberíamos volver a incluirla. Je faisais quelques corrections récemment et j'ai senti que je voulais continuer à utiliser le choix des mots et, en fait, nous avons trouvé que c'était la plus grande catégorie que la plupart des gens... oui, ils pourraient faire des erreurs avec des articles et avec des prépositions et avec des temps de verbe ou des accords verbaux et tout, mais le plus gros problème est que les gens utilisent un mot dont ils ne comprennent pas vraiment comment il est utilisé ou quelle est la portée du sens, alors je pensais que nous devrions remettre celui-là. Jill: We could probably… Yeah, so instead of having Incorrect Usage we would have Choice of Words. Steve: Yeah, I think that’s good because any other form of incorrect usage could be an article, it could be a verb, singular-plural. We also have an Other category. Jill: If something absolutely doesn’t fall into one of our categories you can explain it using Other. Jill : Si quelque chose ne rentre absolument pas dans l'une de nos catégories, vous pouvez l'expliquer en utilisant Autre. Steve: Well exactly, so I’d like to go back to Choice of Words because I think, you know, a big part of what we do at LingQ is helping people get a better grasp on their vocabulary and this would then show up in our statistics that someone who 40 percent, 50 percent, of their errors have to do with the words they choose to use, not necessarily the prepositions, the articles, not the grammar issue per say, but it’s just the vocabulary. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||understanding of||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Steve: Bueno, exactamente, así que me gustaría volver a la elección de palabras porque creo que, ya sabes, una gran parte de lo que hacemos en LingQ es ayudar a la gente a tener un mejor dominio de su vocabulario y esto luego se mostraría en nuestras estadísticas que alguien que 40 por ciento, 50 por ciento, de sus errores tienen que ver con las palabras que eligen utilizar, no necesariamente las preposiciones, los artículos, no la cuestión gramatical por así decirlo, pero es sólo el vocabulario. Jill: Exactly. Steve: Anything else you’d change in there? Jill: Well, some people might be a little bit confused by Word Form, for example. I think when we came up with that we were sort of thinking of examples like we hear people all the time saying “I’m very interesting in learning a second language.” Je pense que lorsque nous avons trouvé cela, nous pensions en quelque sorte à des exemples comme nous entendons tout le temps des gens dire "Je suis très intéressé par l'apprentissage d'une deuxième langue". Steve: Exactly, right. Jill: What they mean is “I’m very interested in learning a second language.” Steve: Right. Jill: So I think that was the type of mistake we were thinking of there. Steve: Right. Now, of course, if we say Word Form it suggests that he got close, but he didn’t quite get it. Ahora, por supuesto, si decimos Forma de Palabra sugiere que se acercó, pero no lo consiguió del todo. Maintenant, bien sûr, si nous disons Word Form, cela suggère qu'il s'est rapproché, mais il n'a pas tout à fait compris. Jill: And, again, something like that could still I guess fall under Choice of Words. Steve: Well that’s what I was thinking. If you say “I am interesting in music” you chose the wrong word. The word is I am “interested” in music. You know, a lot of time people confuse the adverb with the adjective or try to use, you know, a noun where they should be using an adjective, so in a sense it’s Word Form, but I’m inclined to take it out. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||inclined|||| Muchas veces la gente confunde el adverbio con el adjetivo o intenta usar un sustantivo donde debería usar un adjetivo, así que en cierto sentido es una forma de hablar, pero me inclino por quitarlo. Vous savez, souvent, les gens confondent l'adverbe avec l'adjectif ou essaient d'utiliser, vous savez, un nom là où ils devraient utiliser un adjectif, donc dans un sens, c'est Word Form, mais je suis enclin à le supprimer. There’s another reason too and that is where you have the third person singular like “He goes”. People tend to say “He go”, right? |tend||||| Jill: Of course. Steve: Right? You’ll see “I go”, “You go”, “He go”. I mean, “We go”, “You go”, “They go”, what’s with this “goes” business. But people make a lot of mistakes with the third person singular: he, she, it, eats, but if we’re talking about Word Form that’s also in a sense Word Form. Jill: But that can also fall under Verb. Steve: Under Verb, so my inclination here… I would like to suggest to our correctors, and we’ll get some feedback from them, that we remove Incorrect Usage, put back Choice of Words and remove Word Form because it’s confusing. |||||preference|||||||||||||some feedback|||||||||||||||||||| Steve : Sous Verbe, donc mon inclination ici… Je voudrais suggérer à nos correcteurs, et nous aurons des retours d'eux, que nous supprimions l'utilisation incorrecte, remettions le choix des mots et supprimions la forme des mots parce que c'est déroutant. We would leave Word Order in because I think Word Order is clearly a different issue. Nous laisserions Word Order parce que je pense que Word Order est clairement un problème différent. It is where you are placing the adjective before the noun or whatever you do along those lines, so we’re going to get some feedback from our correctors. C'est là que vous placez l'adjectif avant le nom ou quoi que vous fassiez dans ce sens, nous allons donc obtenir des commentaires de nos correcteurs. But, you know, through this podcast, and it wasn’t our intention to talk about this, but we decided we’ve got to have a conversation about it let’s make it a podcast, it would be very interesting to get feedback from people. ||||||||||intention|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| What do they find useful, you know, our members? Do they look at these categories? Do they look at their statistics? Do they notice that, you know, they make more mistakes in punctuation or in articles and does that affect what they do? ||notice||||||||||||||||||| Remarquent-ils que, vous savez, ils font plus de fautes de ponctuation ou d'articles et cela affecte-t-il ce qu'ils font ? It would be nice to get some feedback. Jill: Yeah, it would be great. Steve: Always nice to get feedback. Okay, I think we’ve covered that subject. We’re looking forward to getting feedback and, once again, a transcript is available at the LingQ site, LingQ.com. You can go there for a transcript, you can go there and join the LingQ Community and you can start increasing your word power. Thanks Jill.

Jill: Thanks Steve.