The Awakening of Europe, 30. The Pilgrim Fathers

30. The Pilgrim Fathers

"Go, and in regions far such heroes bring ye forth As those from whom we came; and plant our name Under that star not known unto our north." —MICHAEL DRAYTON.

Under James I., King of England, there was a little sect of Protestants, known as Puritans, who were sorely persecuted. They were very strict in their ideas of worship. They wished everything to be more Lutheran. They thought it wrong to amuse themselves. It, was, in their eyes, a sin to hunt, a sin to put starch into a ruff, to play at chess.

At last a little band of these Puritans made up their minds to sail over to Holland, "where," they heard, "was freedom of religion for all men." They hoped in a new land, among new people, to spread their views, and, at any rate, to be left in peace. So across the sea to Holland they went, arriving at Amsterdam in the year 1608. For twelve years they lived at Leyden among the Dutch; but they lived as exiles in a strange land, and Puritanism did not spread as they had hoped. So they turned their eyes across the seas to the New World, where colonisation was now going on apace. There they might preach their Puritan gospel; there, on the shores of the New World, they might start life afresh.

Now the Dutch people had grown very fond of the English Puritans.

"These English," they said, "have lived among us for twelve years, and yet we have not anything to say against one of them." It was the summer of 1620 when the Puritans left Leyden for the New World. A crowd was waiting by the shore to see these Pilgrim Fathers off. In floods of tears the Dutch bade farewell to these people they had learnt to love, and they were not able to speak for their sorrow.

"But the tide, which stays for no man," bore the Pilgrim Fathers away, and with a fair wind the little ship reached Southampton, where two larger ships, the Mayflower and the Speedwell, awaited them. Here there were many delays, and it was late in the summer before the ships left the shores of England. The Speedwell soon put back, and only the little Mayflower, with forty-one emigrants and their families, was left to face the perils of the great Atlantic Ocean. It was not long before great gales set in, and the long swell of the Atlantic almost washed over the little ship. Still the Mayflower went forward, struggling gallantly with wind and weather. Once or twice the poor Pilgrims were tempted to turn and go home, so great was the misery of those on board. They were terribly crowded together, sea-sick, and frightened at the high waves which broke over the little ship, but still they went forward. So sixty-four days passed away on a voyage which now takes about a week, when early one November morning the Pilgrims first caught sight of America. Together they rejoiced and praised God, "that had given them once again to see the land." The low sandhills of Cape Cod seemed a very haven of rest to the poor storm-beaten Pilgrims. Their voyage, indeed, was at an end, but the prospect before them was dreary enough. The wintry wind howled through the battered little ship, and its icy blasts went through the thin frames of the old Pilgrims, worn by hardship and sickness.

Sixteen of them were put ashore to find a suitable place to settle. These landed and marched wearily about, through sandy woods, sleeping amid forests; but, finding no place for a settlement, they returned sadly to the ship. Then they explored the coast. The weather grew very cold, the salt spray of the sea froze upon their clothes, so that they seemed cased all over as in coats of iron.

At last they left Cape Cod and landed in Plymouth Bay, so called from the last place they had left in England. There was plenty of fish here, springs of water and good harbours. So, leaving the women and children on board, they began to lay out streets and houses. But the winter was on them, and they had already borne all they could.

One by one they sickened, one by one they died, till only half the little band was left.

At last the warm spring days followed the bitter winter weather, and the Pilgrims, under their stout-hearted leader Miles Standish, took fresh hope. They made friends with the Indians, they tilled the soil and planted seeds from England.

Then there came a day, nearly four months after their landing, when the Mayflower must go back to England. She had been riding at anchor in the bay, "battered and blackened and worn by all the storms of the winter." Here is the heroism of the story. Not one of the Pilgrims went home in her.

"O strong hearts and true, not one went back in the Mayflower; No, not one looked back who set his hand to the ploughing." With overflowing eyes they stood on the sea-shore watching with heavy hearts the homeward-bound ship as she bounded over the waters, leaving them alone in the desert.

"Lost in the sound of the oars was the last farewell of the Pilgrims." Months and years of hardships followed, but resolutely they worked and toiled, and slowly things grew better. A shipful of friends followed them from England. In ten years there were 300 settlers; every year the numbers grew until, forty-two years later, it became part of that State now known as Massachusetts. In that Plymouth across the seas a statue now stands marking the spot where the Pilgrim Fathers landed all these long years ago. Their heroism and perseverance were never forgotten.

"Let it not grieve you that you have broken the ice for others who come after," said their English friends. "The honour shall be yours to the world's end."

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30. The Pilgrim Fathers 这|朝圣者| 그|| |朝圣者| 30. Die Pilgerväter 30. Los Padres Peregrinos 30. Les Pères pèlerins 30. I Padri Pellegrini 30.ピルグリム・ファーザーズ 30. Os Padres Peregrinos 30. Отцы-пилигримы 30. Отці пілігрими 30. 清教徒先祖 30. 清教徒先祖

"Go, and in regions far such heroes bring ye forth As those from whom we came; and plant our name Under that star not known unto our north." ||||||||你们|||||||||||||那颗||||于||北方 가라||에서|지역||그러한||이끌어내라|you|내놓으라|그들처럼|그들|우리가 온|우리가 온|우리가|온 곳||세우다|우리의||그 별 아래||별|알려지지 않은|알려지지 않은|우리|우리의|북쪽 "Allez, et dans des régions lointaines, de tels héros vous amènent Comme ceux dont nous sommes sortis; et plantez notre nom Sous cette étoile inconnue à notre nord." "去吧，在遥远的地方培养这样的英雄，像那些我们来自的人一样；在那颗对我们北方未知的星星下种下我们的名字。" —MICHAEL DRAYTON. |德雷顿 ——迈克尔·德雷顿。

Under James I., King of England, there was a little sect of Protestants, known as Puritans, who were sorely persecuted. ||||||||||教派|||||清教徒|||严重地|受到迫害在英格兰詹姆斯一世统治时期，有一个被称为清教徒的小派系，遭受了严重的迫害。 They were very strict in their ideas of worship. |||严格|||观念|| Erano molto rigidi nelle loro idee di culto. 他们在崇拜的观念上非常严格。 They wished everything to be more Lutheran. ||||||路德宗的 Ze wilden dat alles meer luthers zou zijn. 他们希望一切都更具路德宗性质。 They thought it wrong to amuse themselves. 他们认为娱乐自己是不对的。 It, was, in their eyes, a sin to hunt, a sin to put starch into a ruff, to play at chess. |||||||||||||淀粉|||衣领|||| ||||||||||||||||フリル|||| ||||||||||||||||领子|||| Ai loro occhi, era un peccato cacciare, un peccato mettere l'amido in una gorgiera, giocare a scacchi. 在他们看来，狩猎是一种罪，给领口加淀粉是一种罪，玩国际象棋是一种罪。

At last a little band of these Puritans made up their minds to sail over to Holland, "where," they heard, "was freedom of religion for all men." Alla fine un piccolo gruppo di questi puritani decise di salpare per l'Olanda, "dove", sentirono dire, "c'era libertà di religione per tutti gli uomini". 最后，一小群这些清教徒决定航行到荷兰，“那里，”他们听说，“所有人都有宗教自由。” They hoped in a new land, among new people, to spread their views, and, at any rate, to be left in peace. ||||||||||||观点||无论如何||无论如何|||留下|| 他们希望在新土地上，与新的人们一起，传播他们的观点，至少能过上平静的生活。 So across the sea to Holland they went, arriving at Amsterdam in the year 1608. For twelve years they lived at Leyden among the Dutch; but they lived as exiles in a strange land, and Puritanism did not spread as they had hoped. ||||||莱顿||||||||流亡者||||||清教徒主义||||||| ||||||||||||||流亡者||||||清教徒主义||||||| 他们在莱顿与荷兰人生活了十二年；但他们像流亡者一样生活在陌生的土地上，清教徒主义并没有像他们所希望的那样传播。 So they turned their eyes across the seas to the New World, where colonisation was now going on apace. |||||||||||新世界|||||||迅速进行于是，他们将目光投向了大海彼岸的新世界，在那里，殖民活动正在迅速进行。 There they might preach their Puritan gospel; there, on the shores of the New World, they might start life afresh. |||传教|||福音|||||||||||||重新开始 |||||清教徒|福音||||||||||||| 在那里，他们可以传播他们的清教徒福音；在那里，在新世界的海岸，他们可以重新开始生活。

Now the Dutch people had grown very fond of the English Puritans. Ora gli olandesi si erano affezionati ai puritani inglesi. 现在荷兰人非常喜欢英格兰的清教徒。

"These English," they said, "have lived among us for twelve years, and yet we have not anything to say against one of them." |||||||||||||我们|||||说|||| "这些英格兰人，"他们说，"在我们中间生活了十二年，却没有一个人值得我们说坏话。" It was the summer of 1620 when the Puritans left Leyden for the New World. 这是1620年的夏天，当清教徒们离开莱顿前往新世界时。 A crowd was waiting by the shore to see these Pilgrim Fathers off. ||||||||||||送行 In floods of tears the Dutch bade farewell to these people they had learnt to love, and they were not able to speak for their sorrow. 在|||||||||||||||||||||||||悲伤 Inondati di lacrime, gli olandesi si congedarono da questo popolo che avevano imparato ad amare, senza riuscire a parlare del loro dolore. В потоках слез голландцы прощались с людьми, которых они научились любить, и не могли выразить свою печаль. 荷兰人泪流满面地向他们学会了爱的这些人告别，因悲伤而无法言语。

"But the tide, which stays for no man," bore the Pilgrim Fathers away, and with a fair wind the little ship reached Southampton, where two larger ships, the Mayflower and the Speedwell, awaited them. ||潮流||停留||||||||||||||||||南安普敦||||||五月花|||斯皮德威尔|| ||||||||||||||||||||||南安普敦||||||五月花||||| "Ma la marea, che non si ferma per nessuno, portò via i Padri Pellegrini e, con un vento favorevole, la piccola nave raggiunse Southampton, dove li attendevano due navi più grandi, la Mayflower e la Speedwell. Но прилив, не оставляющий никого, унес отцов-пилигримов, и с попутным ветром маленький корабль достиг Саутгемптона, где их ждали два больших судна - "Мэйфлауэр" и "Спидвелл". "但是，潮水不等人，"带走了朝圣者父母，伴着顺风，小船到达了南安普敦，那里的两艘更大的船，梅花号和速发号，正在等他们。 Here there were many delays, and it was late in the summer before the ships left the shores of England. ||||延误||||||||在……之前||||||| 在这里发生了许多延误，直到夏天晚些时候船才离开英格兰的海岸。 The Speedwell soon put back, and only the little Mayflower, with forty-one emigrants and their families, was left to face the perils of the great Atlantic Ocean. |斯皮德威尔|||||||||||||||||||||||||| La Speedwell tornò presto indietro e solo il piccolo Mayflower, con quarantuno emigranti e le loro famiglie, rimase ad affrontare i pericoli del grande Oceano Atlantico. 斯皮德威尔号不久就返回了，只有小小的梅花号带着41名移民及其家人，留在这里迎接大西洋的危险。 It was not long before great gales set in, and the long swell of the Atlantic almost washed over the little ship. |||||||||||||||Atlantiku|||||| |||||||来临|||||海浪||||||||| Non passò molto tempo prima che si scatenassero grandi burrasche e la lunga mareggiata dell'Atlantico quasi sommergesse la piccola nave. Вскоре начались сильные шторма, и длинные волны Атлантики почти накрыли маленький корабль. 没过多久，强风来袭，大西洋的长浪几乎把小船冲翻。 Still the Mayflower went forward, struggling gallantly with wind and weather. ||||||英勇地|||| ||||||勇敢地|||| 尽管如此，梅花号依然向前，勇敢地与风雨挣扎。 Once or twice the poor Pilgrims were tempted to turn and go home, so great was the misery of those on board. |||||||pokoušeni|||||||||||||| |||||朝圣者|||||||||||||||| 一两次可怜的朝圣者们受到诱惑，想要回家，因为船上的人们痛苦得太严重了。 They were terribly crowded together, sea-sick, and frightened at the high waves which broke over the little ship, but still they went forward. |||||晕船|||||||||||||||||| 他们被挤得非常紧，感到晕船，还害怕不断涌来的高波浪拍打着小船，但他们依然继续前进。 So sixty-four days passed away on a voyage which now takes about a week, when early one November morning the Pilgrims first caught sight of America. ||||过去|||||||||||||||||||||| 就这样，在一次现在需要大约一周的航程中，经过了六十四天，当一个十一月的清晨，朝圣者们第一次看到了美洲。 Together they rejoiced and praised God, "that had given them once again to see the land." ||欢欣鼓舞||||||||||||| The low sandhills of Cape Cod seemed a very haven of rest to the poor storm-beaten Pilgrims. ||沙丘||||||||||||||| ||沙丘|||||||避风港|||||||| Their voyage, indeed, was at an end, but the prospect before them was dreary enough. |||||||||前景||||| Il loro viaggio, infatti, era terminato, ma la prospettiva che si presentava loro era abbastanza tetra. The wintry wind howled through the battered little ship, and its icy blasts went through the thin frames of the old Pilgrims, worn by hardship and sickness. ||||||||||||||||||||||||艰难困苦|| Il vento invernale ululava attraverso la piccola nave malconcia e i suoi soffi gelidi attraversavano le sottili strutture dei vecchi pellegrini, logorate dagli stenti e dalle malattie. 寒风在这艘破旧的小船上呼啸而过，冰冷的风刮透了老朝圣者们由于艰辛和疾病而变得瘦弱的身躯。

Sixteen of them were put ashore to find a suitable place to settle. 他们中的十六人被放上岸去寻找一个合适的定居地点。 These landed and marched wearily about, through sandy woods, sleeping amid forests; but, finding no place for a settlement, they returned sadly to the ship. |||行走|疲惫地||||树林|||||||||||||||| 这些人登陆后疲惫地走动，在沙质森林中穿行，在森林中休息；但没有找到合适的定居地，他们悲伤地返回了船上。 Then they explored the coast. The weather grew very cold, the salt spray of the sea froze upon their clothes, so that they seemed cased all over as in coats of iron. |||||||海盐喷雾||||||||||||包裹||||||| |||||||||||||||||||包裹||||||| Il tempo si fece molto freddo, gli spruzzi salini del mare si congelarono sui loro abiti, tanto che sembravano rivestiti dappertutto come di ferro. 天气变得非常寒冷，海洋的盐雾冻结在他们的衣服上，使他们看起来像是穿上了铁制的外套。

At last they left Cape Cod and landed in Plymouth Bay, so called from the last place they had left in England. ||||||||||||所称||||||||| 最后他们离开了科德角，登陆了普利茅斯湾，这个名字来源于他们在英国最后离开的地方。 There was plenty of fish here, springs of water and good harbours. ||||||泉水||||| 这里有丰富的鱼类、泉水和良好的港口。 So, leaving the women and children on board, they began to lay out streets and houses. |||||儿童|||||||||| Così, lasciando a bordo le donne e i bambini, iniziarono a tracciare strade e case. 于是，他们把妇女和儿童留在船上，开始规划街道和房屋。 But the winter was on them, and they had already borne all they could. 但冬天来临，他们已经忍受了所有的苦难。

One by one they sickened, one by one they died, till only half the little band was left. 一个||||生病||||||||||||| ||||生病||||||||||||| 一个接一个地，他们生病，一个接一个地，他们死去，直到只剩下小团队的一半。

At last the warm spring days followed the bitter winter weather, and the Pilgrims, under their stout-hearted leader Miles Standish, took fresh hope. ||||||接踵而至||||||||||||||斯坦迪什|获得了|| ||||||||||||||||||||斯坦迪什||| 最后，温暖的春天日子取代了严寒的冬季天气，朝圣者们在他们勇敢的领袖迈尔斯·斯坦迪什的带领下重燃希望。 They made friends with the Indians, they tilled the soil and planted seeds from England. |||||||耕种||||种植||| 他们与印第安人交朋友，耕作土地，种下了来自英格兰的种子。

Then there came a day, nearly four months after their landing, when the Mayflower must go back to England. Poi arrivò il giorno, quasi quattro mesi dopo lo sbarco, in cui la Mayflower dovette tornare in Inghilterra. 然后，有一天，距他们登陆近四个月时，五月花号必须返回英国。 She had been riding at anchor in the bay, "battered and blackened and worn by all the storms of the winter." |||||||||||黑ened||||||||| |||||||||||黑ened||||||||| Era rimasta all'ancora nella baia, "malconcia, annerita e logorata da tutte le tempeste dell'inverno". 她在港湾里停泊，"在冬季的所有风暴中被击打、烧黑和磨损。" Here is the heroism of the story. 这里是故事的英雄主义。 Not one of the Pilgrims went home in her. 没有一个朝圣者跟她回家。

"O strong hearts and true, not one went back in the Mayflower; No, not one looked back who set his hand to the ploughing." ||心灵|||||||||||||||||||||犁地 "哦，强大的心与真实的心，梅花号上没有一个人回头；不，没有一个人在拿起犁时回头。" With overflowing eyes they stood on the sea-shore watching with heavy hearts the homeward-bound ship as she bounded over the waters, leaving them alone in the desert. |泪水盈眶||||||||||||||||||跃过|||||||在||沙漠他们双眼盈满泪水，站在海岸上，沉重的心情注视着归航的船只在水面上跳跃，留下他们孤独在沙漠中。

"Lost in the sound of the oars was the last farewell of the Pilgrims." ||||||vesel||||||| ||||||桨||||||| "在桨声中，失去了朝圣者最后的告别。" Months and years of hardships followed, but resolutely they worked and toiled, and slowly things grew better. 一个月|||||||坚定地||||||||| 接下来的几个月和几年是艰难的，但他们坚定地工作和劳动，慢慢地情况开始好转。 A shipful of friends followed them from England. |一船的|||||| |一船的|||||| Un gruppo di amici li ha seguiti dall'Inghilterra. Een schip vol vrienden volgde hen vanuit Engeland. 一船的朋友们从英格兰跟随他们而来。 In ten years there were 300 settlers; every year the numbers grew until, forty-two years later, it became part of that State now known as Massachusetts. |||||||||||直到||||||||||||||马萨诸塞州十年后，定居者数量达到了300人；每年人数都在增长，直到42年后，这里成为了现在被称为马萨诸塞州的一部分。 In that Plymouth across the seas a statue now stands marking the spot where the Pilgrim Fathers landed all these long years ago. 在那遥远的普利茅斯，一座雕像现在矗立在朝圣者祖先着陆的地方，经历了这么多年。 Their heroism and perseverance were never forgotten. 他们的英雄主义和毅力从未被遗忘。

"Let it not grieve you that you have broken the ice for others who come after," said their English friends. |||感到悲伤|||||||||||||||| 他们的英国朋友说："不要为你为那些在后面的人开辟道路而感到悲伤。" "The honour shall be yours to the world's end." “荣誉将属于你，直到世界的尽头。”