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French History for English Children, 07. The Carlovingians

07. The Carlovingians

CHAPTER VII. The Carlovingians (741-768)

I said that at this time the bishops and other clergy had grown idle and selfish, and taught the people nothing. The chief teachers of the people were the monks. These were men who shut themselves up in a house by themselves, called a monastery, and spent most of their time in praying. They were not allowed to marry, and they never saw their friends, or went to shows or amusements of any kind. They wore a plain dress, usually brown or black, hanging loose round their feet, and their hair was shaven. In each monastery there was a chief man chosen by the monks from among themselves, and called an abbot, whom they all obeyed.

These monks did not always live in the monastery; sometimes the abbot would send out one or two to preach in a particular town, or in some savage country, such as Saxony, where the people had not yet learned to be Christians. In the east of Europe the monks often joined in disturbances that rose in the cities, and excited the people to join together against some emperor or pope, but the western monks were far more quiet and peaceable, and taught the people only to know and to do what was right, according to their own ideas.

Many of the monks who did not go out to teach the heathen, but stayed in the convent, studied, read books or wrote them, and copied out books that had been written, or old songs; for as neither printing nor paper had at that time been invented, anything that people wanted their children and grandchildren to remember had to be written down on parchment and kept in a great roll, and as the writing it down was often a long business, and the monks had plenty of time to spare, copying out writings of all kinds came to be one of their chief employments. They did it very beautifully, with little pictures or patterns, called illuminations, at the beginnings and ends of lines and chapters.

The monks were very much respected because of their knowledge, their virtue, and their industry. Men who were tired of their life, who had been disappointed or defeated, or who repented of wrong things they had done, often made themselves monks. Sometimes children were put into monasteries by their relations to prevent them from becoming kings or chiefs, or great men in any way, for no monk could ever come out into the world again. Sometimes, also, men who had led good and happy lives thought that they should be better and happier in a monastery than in their homes or kingdoms.

In the time of Charles Martel several kings became monks. An English monk named Winfrid had been sent by the Pope and by Charles Martel to preach to the Saxons. He persuaded thousands of them to be baptized, and the king, as a reward, made him a bishop, and afterwards an archbishop. But Winfrid would not be satisfied while there were still ignorant people to be taught; he gave his bishopric to a friend, and went to teach in a wild part of the country, where many people were persuaded by him to agree to be baptized. On the morning when they were all assembled for the baptism, a body of heathens attacked them, and killed Winfrid, with the whole assembly. Winfrid is also called Boniface, and you may sometimes hear him spoken of as St. Boniface.

There was one person in Europe whom all the monks and abbots considered as their head in whatever country they lived, and whom they all obeyed absolutely, and that was the Bishop of Rome, called the Pope. As Rome had been the most powerful city in the world, and even at this time was one of the most important, so the Bishop of Rome had more power than the bishop of any other city, and was called pope or father. Many of the other bishops obeyed him and imitated him in all that he did; all monks and abbots obeyed him, and even kings and princes always tried to please him, because it was considered that he could give, subjects leave to disobey their kings, or to turn them out of their kingdoms; so they all wished to have the Pope for their friend.

A Pope died in Rome just at the same time as Charles Martel, Duke of the Franks, and the chief clergy chose a new Pope called Zacharias.

The elder of Karl's two sons, after ruling well and prosperously for six years over half of the land his father left, went into a monastery and made over all his lands to his younger brother Pepin. He joined an Italian monastery, and lived there peacefully for some years. But at that time many Frankish chiefs made journeys to Rome, and their road passed near the monastery of the Duke of the Franks, so that they thought it only proper to pay him a visit on their way; till at last he was so much disturbed by the number of his visitors, and their talk about wars and battles, and all the affairs of the kingdom, that he went away to another monastery out of the reach of all travellers, and lived there in quiet and contentment for the rest of his life. When his elder brother became a monk, Pepin, the second son of Charles Martel, became the only duke of the Franks. He is known as Pepin le Bref, or the Short. He was not long duke, for by this time every one began to think it absurd that one set of men should have the name of kings, while another set had all the power. One Merovingian king after another had led the same lazy useless life; at this time there was one called Hilderik. Pepin asked the Pope whether he might make himself king and turn out Hilderik.

Zacharias wished to make friends with Pepin, who was, strong and warlike, and would, Zacharias hoped, help him against some of his enemies. So the answer of the Pope was: "He who has the power, ought also to have the name, of king." The Pope having agreed to this change, all the Franks did the same. Hilderik's long flowing locks, the sign of his being a king, were cut off, and he was shut up in a monastery. He died two years afterwards, and was the last of the Merovingian kings.

Pepin was crowned by Winfrid, whom I mentioned before, and he was the first of another line of kings called the Carlovingians, from Carolus, Latin for Charles, which was the name of Pepin's father, and of his still greater son.

Pepin, who owed his crown to the Pope, did him good service in return for it. He marched into Italy to defend Rome and its bishop against some fierce Italian enemies called the Lombards. He drove back the Lombards, took from them some of the land which they had conquered from other enemies, and though it was not his to give, made a present of it to the Pope, who till then had had no land. But from this time Pepin's gift was handed down from one Pope to another, and by degrees they conquered more, and became masters of a kingdom in Italy.

Pepin had, like his father, to fight against the Saxons, but he was not able to conquer them, though he kept them out of France. He besieged a town in Southern Gaul belonging to the Arabs for seven years, and at last took it, and drove the last remaining Arabs over the Pyrenees and back into Spain. Pepin reigned for sixteen years; he then fell ill and died, dividing his kingdom between his two sons.

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07. The Carlovingians |Каролинги 07. Die Carlovingianer 07. The Carlovingians 07. Les Carlovingiens 07. I Carlovingi 07.ザ・カルロヴィンジアン 07. Os Carlovingianos 07. Carlovingianlar 07. Карловінги 07\. 加洛文尼亚人 07. 卡洛林王朝 07. 卡洛林王朝

CHAPTER VII. |ГЛАВА VII The Carlovingians (741-768) |Karolenjler

I said that at this time the bishops and other clergy had grown idle and selfish, and taught the people nothing. |||||||епископы|||духовенство|||праздными||эгоистичными||||| ||||||||||||étaient devenus|oisifs||égoïstes||||| ||||||||||رجال الدين|||كسالى||||||| |||||||piskoposlar|ve||din adamları|||tembel||||||| ||||||||||religious leaders|||inactive and lazy||||||| قلت إن الأساقفة ورجال الدين الآخرين كانوا قد تراخوا وأصبحوا أنانيين في هذا الوقت، ولم يعلموا الناس شيئًا. J'ai dit qu'à cette époque, les évêques et les autres membres du clergé étaient devenus oisifs et égoïstes, et qu'ils n'enseignaient rien au peuple. 我说此时的主教和其他神职人员变得无所事事和自私,什么都没有教给人民。 The chief teachers of the people were the monks. ||||||||الرهبان |başlıca||||halkın|||rahipler كان رهبان الشيوخ هم المعلمون الرئيسيون للناس. Les principaux enseignants du peuple étaient les moines. 人民的主要老师是和尚。 These were men who shut themselves up in a house by themselves, called a monastery, and spent most of their time in praying. ||||||||||||||||||||||молитвах ||||enfermaient|||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||دير|||||||| |||kimler|||||||||||||||||zamanlarını||dua etme كان هؤلاء رجالًا يعيشون بأنفسهم في منزل معزول، يسمى ديرًا، وقضوا معظم وقتهم في الصلاة. Il s'agissait d'hommes qui s'enfermaient dans une maison isolée, appelée monastère, et qui passaient le plus clair de leur temps à prier. 这些人把自己关在一个叫做修道院的房子里,大部分时间都花在祈祷上。 They were not allowed to marry, and they never saw their friends, or went to shows or amusements of any kind. |||||||||||||||||развлечения||| |||||||||||||||||وسائل الترفيه||| |||izin verilmedi||||||||||gitmediler||||eğlenceler||| لم يسمح لهم بالزواج، ولم يروا أصدقائهم أبدًا، أو ذهبوا إلى العروض أو التسلية من أي نوع. They wore a plain dress, usually brown or black, hanging loose round their feet, and their hair was shaven. |носили|||||||||||||||||выбриты волосы |||||||||tombant|ample||||||||rasée |ارتدوا||بسيط||||||مُنسَدِلَة|فضفاض||||||||مُحَلَّق |||sade||||||aşağıda sarkan|gevşek||||||||traş edilmiş كانوا يرتدون ثوبًا بسيطًا، عادةً باللون البني أو الأسود، يتدلى بحرية حول أقدامهم، وكان شعرهم محلوقًا. Elles portaient une robe simple, généralement brune ou noire, qui pendait librement autour de leurs pieds, et leurs cheveux étaient rasés. In each monastery there was a chief man chosen by the monks from among themselves, and called an abbot, whom they all obeyed. ||||||||||||||||||аббат||||подчинялись |||هناك|||||||||||أنفسهم||||رئيس الدير|الذي أطاعوه||| |||||||baş adam||||||aralarından||||bir|başrahip|ona|||itaat ettiler في كل دير كان يوجد رجل رئيسي يتم اختياره من بين الرهبان، ويُسمى بالراهب، الذي يطاعهم جميعًا.

These monks did not always live in the monastery; sometimes the abbot would send out one or two to preach in a particular town, or in some savage country, such as Saxony, where the people had not yet learned to be Christians. |||||||||||||||||||проповедовать||||||||дикой||||Саксония|||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||يبشرون||||||||||||ساكسونيا|||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||deliver sermons|||||||||||||||||||||| لم يعيش هؤلاء الرهبان دائمًا في الدير؛ في بعض الأحيان كان رئيس الدير يرسل واحدًا أو اثنين ليلقي الخطب في بلدة معينة، أو في بعض البلدان الوحشية مثل سكسونيا، حيث لم يتعلم الناس بعد كيفية أن يكونوا مسيحيين. In the east of Europe the monks often joined in disturbances that rose in the cities, and excited the people to join together against some emperor or pope, but the western monks were far more quiet and peaceable, and taught the people only to know and to do what was right, according to their own ideas. ||||||||||беспорядки|||||||||||||||||||||||||||миролюбивые|||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||troubles||s'élevaient|||||||||||||||||||||||||pacifiques||||||||||||||selon|||| ||||||||||الاضطرابات||نشأت|||||||||||||||البابا|||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||doğu|||||||||||||||||||||||imparator|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||unrest||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| في شرق أوروبا، كان الرهبان غالبًا ما يشاركون في الاضطرابات التي تثور في المدن، ويحثون الناس على التحدّي سويًا ضد الإمبراطور أو البابا، لكن الرهبان الغربيين كانوا أكثر هدوءًا وسلمية بكثير، وكانوا يعلمون الناس فقط لمعرفة الصواب وفعله، وفق أفكارهم الخاصة.

Many of the monks who did not go out to teach the heathen, but stayed in the convent, studied, read books or wrote them, and copied out books that had been written, or old songs; for as neither printing nor paper had at that time been invented, anything that people wanted their children and grandchildren to remember had to be written down on parchment and kept in a great roll, and as the writing it down was often a long business, and the monks had plenty of time to spare, copying out writings of all kinds came to be one of their chief employments. ||||||||||||язычники|||||монастырь||||||||переписывали|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||внуки|||||||||пергамент|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||тексты|||||||||||занятий ||||||||||||païens|||||couvent||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||parchemin||||||rouleau|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||non-believers|||||monastery||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||animal skin||||||||||||||||||||||||||to spare|||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||il pergamena|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||putperestler|||||manastır|çalıştılar||||||||||||||||||||||||||||icat edilmişti||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||الوثنيين|||||الدير||||||||||||||||||||لا ... ولا|الطباعة|||||||||||||||||||||||||الرقّ||||||||||كتابة النصوص||تدوينها||||||||||||الوقت المتاح|إلى|يَفْضُل|||||||||||||| كثير من الرهبان الذين لم يذهبوا لتعليم الوثنيين، بل بقوا في الدير، كانوا يدرسون، ويقرأون الكتب أو يكتبونها، وينسخون الكتب التي كُتبت، أو الأغاني القديمة؛ لأنه لم يكن حينذاك توجد الطباعة ولا الورق، كان يتوجب كتابة أي شيء يرغب الناس في أن يتذكره أولادهم وأحفادهم على الرق، ويُحتفظ به في لفة كبيرة، وحيث كانت عملية الكتابة طويلة في كثير من الأحيان، وكان لدى الرهبان الكثير من الوقت الفارغ، أصبحت نسخ الكتب من جميع الأنواع أحد أنشطتهم الرئيسية. 许多僧侣不是出外教异教徒,而是留在修道院里学习,读书或写书,并抄写已写的书或旧歌。因为当时还没有发明印刷和纸张,所以人们希望他们的子孙纪念的任何东西都必须写在羊皮纸上,并且要整齐地卷起来,因为写下来往往是一件漫长的事,和尚有充裕的时间,抄袭各种著作成为他们的主要工作之一。 They did it very beautifully, with little pictures or patterns, called illuminations, at the beginnings and ends of lines and chapters. ||||очень красиво|||||||иллюстрации|||||||||главы |||||||||||الزخارف المضيئة||||||||| قاموا بذلك بشكل جميل للغاية، مع صور صغيرة أو أنماط، تسمى الإضاءات، في بدايات ونهايات الأسطر والفصول. 他们做得非常漂亮,在线条和章节的开头和结尾处几乎没有图片或图案,称为照明。

The monks were very much respected because of their knowledge, their virtue, and their industry. |||||||||||добродетель||| |||||||||||vertu|||labeur |||||||||||فضيلتهم|||اجتهادهم كان الرهبان محترمين جدًا بسبب علمهم وفضيلتهم وجدارتهم. 僧侣因其知识,美德和勤奋而备受尊敬。 Men who were tired of their life, who had been disappointed or defeated, or who repented of wrong things they had done, often made themselves monks. ||||||||||разочарованы в жизни||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||se repentaient|||||||||| |||||||||||||||تابوا عن|||||||||| ||||hayatlarından bıkkın||||||hayal kırıklığına uğramış||yenilmiş|||pişman oldular||||||||kendilerini|| الرجال الذين شعروا بالتعب من حياتهم، أو الذين كانوا خابوا آمالهم أو تعرضوا للهزيمة، أو الذين ندموا على الأشياء السيئة التي ارتكبوها، غالبًا ما كانوا يصبحون رهبانًا. Les hommes qui étaient fatigués de leur vie, qui avaient été déçus ou vaincus, ou qui se repentaient des mauvaises actions qu'ils avaient commises, se faisaient souvent moines. Sometimes children were put into monasteries by their relations to prevent them from becoming kings or chiefs, or great men in any way, for no monk could ever come out into the world again. ||||||||||empêcher||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||rahip|||||||| أحيانًا يتم وضع الأطفال في الأديرة من قبل ذويهم لمنعهم من أن يصبحوا ملوكًا أو رؤساء، أو رجال عظماء بأي شكل من الأشكال، لأن أي راهب لن يستطيع الخروج مرة أخرى إلى العالم. Parfois, les enfants étaient placés dans des monastères par leurs parents pour les empêcher de devenir des rois, des chefs ou des grands hommes, car aucun moine ne pouvait plus jamais sortir du monde. Sometimes, also, men who had led good and happy lives thought that they should be better and happier in a monastery than in their homes or kingdoms. |||||قادوا|||||فكروا|||||||||||||منازلهم||| Bazen|||||önderlik etmiş|||mutlu||||||||||||manastırda||||||krallıklarında وأحيانًا أيضًا، كان الرجال الذين عاشوا حياة جيدة وسعيدة يعتقدون أنهم سيكونون أفضل وأكثر سعادة في الأديرة من في منازلهم أو ممالكهم. Parfois aussi, des hommes qui avaient mené une vie bonne et heureuse pensaient qu'ils seraient mieux et plus heureux dans un monastère que dans leur maison ou leur royaume.

In the time of Charles Martel several kings became monks. في زمن تشارلز مارتيل أصبح عدة ملوك رهبانًا. An English monk named Winfrid had been sent by the Pope and by Charles Martel to preach to the Saxons. ||||||||||||||||يبشر||| ||||||||||||||||vaaz vermek||| ||||||||||||||||to preach||| كان هناك راهب إنجليزي يدعى وينفريد قد أرسله البابا وتشارلز مارتل ليبشر السكسونيين. He persuaded thousands of them to be baptized, and the king, as a reward, made him a bishop, and afterwards an archbishop. |||||||عُمِّدُوا||||||||||أسقف||||رئيس الأساقفة أقنع الآلاف منهم بأن يتعمدوا، وبمكافأة جعله الملك أسقفًا، ثم بعد ذلك رئيس أساقفةً. But Winfrid would not be satisfied while there were still ignorant people to be taught; he gave his bishopric to a friend, and went to teach in a wild part of the country, where many people were persuaded by him to agree to be baptized. ||||||||||||||||||évêché||||||||||sauvage|||||||||||||||| |||||راضٍ|||||||||||||أبرشية||||||||||||||||||||||||||تعمدوا لكن وينفريد لم يكف عن التعليم طالما كان هناك أشخاص جهلاء بحاجة لتعليمهم؛ فقدم أسقفيته لصديق وذهب ليعلم في منطقة برية من البلاد، حيث تمت إقناع العديد من الناس بأن يوافقوا على المعمودية بناءً على إقناعهم. On the morning when they were all assembled for the baptism, a body of heathens attacked them, and killed Winfrid, with the whole assembly. ||||||||||معمودية||||الوثنيين||||||||| في الصباح الذي كانوا جميعًا مجتمعين لحفل التعميد، هاجمهم جماعة من الوثنيين وقتلوا وينفريد مع الجماعة بأكملها. 在他们全都参加洗礼的早晨,一群异教徒袭击了他们,并在整个集会中杀死了Winfrid。 Winfrid is also called Boniface, and you may sometimes hear him spoken of as St. ||||بونيفاسيوس|||||||||| ويُطلق عليه وينفريد أيضًا اسم بونيفاس، وقد تسمع أحيانًا الناس يتحدثون عنه كقديس. Boniface. بونيفاس.

There was one person in Europe whom all the monks and abbots considered as their head in whatever country they lived, and whom they all obeyed absolutely, and that was the Bishop of Rome, called the Pope. |||||||||||abbés||||||quel que soit|||||||||absolument|||||||||| ||||||الذي|||||رؤساء الأديرة||||||||||||||||||||||||| كان هناك شخص واحد في أوروبا يعتبره جميع الرهبان والأباء كرئيس لهم في أي بلد يعيشون فيه، والذين كانوا يطيعونه جميعًا، وهو أسقف روما المعروف بالبابا. Il y avait en Europe une personne que tous les moines et abbés considéraient comme leur chef, quel que soit le pays où ils vivaient, et à laquelle ils obéissaient de manière absolue : c'était l'évêque de Rome, appelé le pape. As Rome had been the most powerful city in the world, and even at this time was one of the most important, so the Bishop of Rome had more power than the bishop of any other city, and was called pope or father. |Rome|avait été||le|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| وكما كانت روما أقوى مدينة في العالم، وحتى في ذلك الوقت كانت واحدة من أهم المدن، لذلك كان لأسقف روما المزيد من السلطة مقارنة بأساقفة أي مدينة أخرى، وكان يُطلق عليه البابا أو الأب. Many of the other bishops obeyed him and imitated him in all that he did; all monks and abbots obeyed him, and even kings and princes always tried to please him, because it was considered that he could give, subjects leave to disobey their kings, or to turn them out of their kingdoms; so they all wished to have the Pope for their friend. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||faire plaisir à||||||||||sujets|||désobéir à||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||رؤساء الأديرة|أطاعوه||||||||||||||||||||الرعايا|إذن العصيان|||||||يُطيح بهم|هم||||||||||||||| كان العديد من الأساقفة الآخرين يطيعونه وكانوا يقلده في كل ما فعله. كان يطيعه جميع الرهبان والأباء، وحتى الملوك والأمراء كانوا دائمًا يحاولون إرضائه، لأنه كان يعتبر أنه يمكنه أن يمنح الرعايا إذنًا بعدم طاعة ملوكهم، أو أن يطردهم من ممالكهم؛ لذلك كان الجميع يتمنون أن يكون البابا صديقهم. Beaucoup d'autres évêques lui obéissaient et l'imitaient dans tout ce qu'il faisait ; tous les moines et les abbés lui obéissaient, et même les rois et les princes cherchaient toujours à lui plaire, car on considérait qu'il pouvait donner à leurs sujets la permission de désobéir à leurs rois ou de les chasser de leurs royaumes ; aussi souhaitaient-ils tous avoir le pape pour ami. 其他许多主教服从他,并且在他所做的一切中都效法他。所有的僧侣和住持都听从他的话,甚至国王和王子也总是试图取悦他,因为据认为他可以给予,臣民离开以背叛他们的国王,或将他们拒之国外。所以他们都希望有教皇为他们的朋友。

A Pope died in Rome just at the same time as Charles Martel, Duke of the Franks, and the chief clergy chose a new Pope called Zacharias. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||زكريا توفي بابا في روما تمامًا في نفس الوقت الذي توفي فيه تشارلز مارتيل، دوق الفرنجة، واختار كبار رجال الدين باباً جديداً اسمه زكريا.

The elder of Karl's two sons, after ruling well and prosperously for six years over half of the land his father left, went into a monastery and made over all his lands to his younger brother Pepin. |||||||حكم||و|بنجاح|||||||||||||||||تنازل عن||||||||| تولّى الابن الأكبر لكارل، بعد حكمه بنجاح وازدهار لست سنوات على نصف الأرض التي تركها والده، دخل الدير ونقل جميع أراضيه إلى شقيقه الأصغر بيبين. L'aîné des deux fils de Karl, après avoir régné pendant six ans sur la moitié des terres laissées par son père, s'est retiré dans un monastère et a cédé toutes ses terres à son jeune frère Pépin. He joined an Italian monastery, and lived there peacefully for some years. انضم إلى دير في إيطاليا، وعاش هناك بسلام لبضع سنوات. But at that time many Frankish chiefs made journeys to Rome, and their road passed near the monastery of the Duke of the Franks, so that they thought it only proper to pay him a visit on their way; till at last he was so much disturbed by the number of his visitors, and their talk about wars and battles, and all the affairs of the kingdom, that he went away to another monastery out of the reach of all travellers, and lived there in quiet and contentment for the rest of his life. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||dérangé|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||portée||||||||||sérénité|||||| ||||||||رحلات|||||||||دير|||||||||||||من اللائق||يؤدوا له|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||متناول||||||||||الرضا|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||appropriate|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||satisfaction|||||| À cette époque, de nombreux chefs francs se rendaient à Rome, et leur route passait près du monastère du duc des Francs, si bien qu'ils jugèrent bon de lui rendre visite en chemin. Finalement, il fut tellement troublé par le nombre de ses visiteurs et par leurs discussions sur les guerres et les batailles, et sur toutes les affaires du royaume, qu'il se retira dans un autre monastère, hors de portée de tous les voyageurs, et y vécut dans le calme et la satisfaction jusqu'à la fin de sa vie. When his elder brother became a monk, Pepin, the second son of Charles Martel, became the only duke of the Franks. |||||||||||||||ال||||| عندما أصبح شقيقه الأكبر راهباً، أصبح بيبين، الابن الثاني لشارلمان المرتل، الدوق الوحيد للفرنجة. He is known as Pepin le Bref, or the Short. ||||||القصير||| يُعرف باسم بيبين لابريف، أو القصير. He was not long duke, for by this time every one began to think it absurd that one set of men should have the name of kings, while another set had all the power. |||||||||||||||سخيفاً|||||||||||||||||| لم يكن دوقًا لفترة طويلة، لأنه في هذا الوقت بدأ الجميع في التفكير في أنه من غير المعقول أن يكون مجموعة واحدة من الرجال لديها اسم الملوك، بينما تمتلك مجموعة أخرى كل السلطة. Il ne resta pas longtemps duc, car à cette époque tout le monde commençait à trouver absurde qu'un groupe d'hommes porte le nom de roi, tandis qu'un autre groupe détient tout le pouvoir. 他不是公爵,因为此时每个人都开始认为一套人应该拥有国王的名字而另一套人拥有所有权力才是荒谬的。 One Merovingian king after another had led the same lazy useless life; at this time there was one called Hilderik. ||||||قاد|||كسول|||||||||| قاد كل ملك ميروفينجي بعد الآخر نفس الحياة الكسولة البلا جدوى؛ في ذلك الوقت كان هناك واحد يدعى هيلدريك. Les rois mérovingiens se succédaient et menaient la même vie inutile et paresseuse ; à cette époque, l'un d'entre eux s'appelait Hilderik. Pepin asked the Pope whether he might make himself king and turn out Hilderik. ||||ما إذا||||||||| سأل بيبين البابا ما إذا كان يمكنه أن يصبح ملكًا ويطرد هيلدريك. Pépin demanda au pape s'il pouvait se faire roi et chasser Hildérik.

Zacharias wished to make friends with Pepin, who was, strong and warlike, and would, Zacharias hoped, help him against some of his enemies. |||||||||||belliqueux||||||||||| |||||||||||محارب||||أمل||||||| |||||||||||military-minded||||||||||| كان زكرياس يرغب في التصالح مع بيبين، الذي كان قويًا وحربيًا، وكان يأمل زكرياس أن يساعده ضد بعض أعدائه. So the answer of the Pope was: "He who has the power, ought also to have the name, of king." ||||||||||||devrait||||||| ||||||||||||يجب عليه||||||| إجابة البابا كانت: "من لديه القوة ، يجب أيضًا أن يكون لديه اسم الملك." La réponse du pape fut donc la suivante : "Celui qui a le pouvoir doit aussi avoir le nom de roi". The Pope having agreed to this change, all the Franks did the same. بعد أن وافق البابا على هذا التغيير ، قام جميع الفرنجة بالشيء نفسه. Hilderik's long flowing locks, the sign of his being a king, were cut off, and he was shut up in a monastery. ||flottants|cheveux longs|||||||||||||||||| ||المتدفقة|خصلات شعر|||||||||||||||||| |||hair|||||||||||||||||| Hilderik's|lunghe|lunghe|locks|||||||||||||||||| جرى قص شعر هلديريك الطويل الجارف ، الذي يدل على كونه ملكًا ، وتم إحتجازه في دير. Les longues mèches de Hilderik, signe de son statut de roi, sont coupées et il est enfermé dans un monastère. 希尔德瑞克(Hilderik)长长的锁被切断,这是他成为国王的标志,他被关在修道院中。 He died two years afterwards, and was the last of the Merovingian kings. توفي بعد سنتين، وكان آخر ملوك الميروفنجيين.

Pepin was crowned by Winfrid, whom I mentioned before, and he was the first of another line of kings called the Carlovingians, from Carolus, Latin for Charles, which was the name of Pepin's father, and of his still greater son. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||plus grand| ||تُوِّجَ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| تم تتويج بيبين من قبل وينفريد، الذي ذكرته من قبل، وكان أول ملك في سلالة جديدة تسمى الكارولنجيين، نسبة إلى كارولوس، اللاتينية لتشارلز، والتي كانت اسم والد بيبين، واسم ابنه الأعظم. 佩平被温弗里德(Winfrid)加冕,我之前提到过,他是卡洛维安王朝中另一位国王中的第一个,来自拉丁语的加洛鲁(Carolus)代表查尔斯(Charpe),父亲是佩平的父亲和他的大儿子。

Pepin, who owed his crown to the Pope, did him good service in return for it. ||devait||||||||||||| ||مدين|||||||||خدمة|||| بيبين، الذي كان ملكًا بفضل البابا، قدم له خدمة جيدة كرد فعل عليها. Pépin, qui devait sa couronne au pape, lui rendit de bons services en échange. He marched into Italy to defend Rome and its bishop against some fierce Italian enemies called the Lombards. |سار|||||||||||||||| سار إلى إيطاليا للدفاع عن روما وأسقفها ضد بعض الأعداء الإيطاليين الشرساء المعروفين باللومبارد. He drove back the Lombards, took from them some of the land which they had conquered from other enemies, and though it was not his to give, made a present of it to the Pope, who till then had had no land. |a repoussé|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |أبعد|||||||||||||||||||رغم أن|ذلك|كان||||||||||||||||||| أخرج اللومبارد من الأراضي التي احتلوها من أعداء آخرين، ورغم أنه لم يكن له حق التقديم، إلا أنه قدم هدية للبابا، الذي كان حتى ذلك الحين ليس لديه أرض. Il repoussa les Lombards, leur prit une partie des terres qu'ils avaient conquises sur d'autres ennemis et, bien qu'elles ne lui appartinssent pas, en fit cadeau au pape qui, jusqu'alors, n'avait pas eu de terres. But from this time Pepin's gift was handed down from one Pope to another, and by degrees they conquered more, and became masters of a kingdom in Italy. |||||||سُلِّمَ|||||||||||||||||||| لكن منذ ذلك الوقت تم تمرير هدية بيبين من بابا إلى آخر، وبالتدريج استولوا على المزيد، وأصبحوا سادة مملكة في إيطاليا. À partir de ce moment, le don de Pépin fut transmis d'un pape à l'autre et, peu à peu, ils conquirent davantage et devinrent les maîtres d'un royaume en Italie.

Pepin had, like his father, to fight against the Saxons, but he was not able to conquer them, though he kept them out of France. لقد كان بيبين، مثل والده، يحارب السكسون، لكنه لم يتمكن من القهر عليهم، على الرغم من أنه حافظ على عدم دخولهم إلى فرنسا. Pépin dut, comme son père, lutter contre les Saxons, mais il ne parvint pas à les conquérir, bien qu'il les tînt à l'écart de la France. He besieged a town in Southern Gaul belonging to the Arabs for seven years, and at last took it, and drove the last remaining Arabs over the Pyrenees and back into Spain. |assiégea|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |حاصر||||||||||||||||||||||||||||إلى إسبانيا|| حاصر مدينة في جنوب جول تابعة للعرب لمدة سبع سنوات، وفي النهاية استولى عليها، وطرد العرب الباقين الأخيرين فوق جبال البرينيه وعائدهم إلى إسبانيا. Pepin reigned for sixteen years; he then fell ill and died, dividing his kingdom between his two sons. |a régné|||||||||||||||| |حكم|||||||||||||||| تولى بيبين الحكم لمدة ستة عشر عامًا؛ ثم مرض وتوفي، مقسمًا مملكته بين ابنيه الاثنين. Pépin régna pendant seize ans, puis il tomba malade et mourut, partageant son royaume entre ses deux fils.