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BBC - 6 Minute English (YouTube), Improving your memory: 6 Minute English - YouTube

Improving your memory: 6 Minute English - YouTube

Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute

English, I'm Neil. This is

the programme where in just

six minutes we discuss an interesting

topic and teach some

related English vocabulary.

And joining me to do this is Rob.

Rob: Hello... err sorry Neil, how long did

you say this programme is?

Neil: Six minutes ... it's 6 Minute English, Rob.

Rob: Right. OK. Sorry, what's

your name again?

Neil: Neil! My name is Neil, Rob. What's

happened to your memory?!

Rob: Sorry, Neil - too many things on my

mind, it's affecting my short-term

memory, but what

I can remember is that in this programme

we're talking about improving

our memory.

Neil: We are and I think you might find it

quite useful! Storing information

is an important

function of our brains and scientists

are always looking at ways to

improve it but also to stop it

deteriorating - or becoming worse.

Rob: Yes, and we all know that memories -

that's the noun for things

we remember from the

past - are nice to have but also important

for remembering who people are,

where things are kept

and how things look.

Neil: Soon we'll be discussing a new idea

for improving your memory but not before

I've set today's quiz question.

There are many ways we can improve

our memory but one way

is through the type of food we eat.

According to the BBC Food website,

which type of food

supports good memory function? Is it...

a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas?

Rob: Well, as a kid I was always told that

spinach was good for me - Popeye ate it

to make him strong - so I'll say b) spinach.

Neil: Well, I'll have the answer later on.

Now, let's talk more about

improving our memory.

Memory is the ability to encode, store and

recall information but a number of factors

can affect people's memory processes

including health, anxiety, mood,

stress and tiredness.

Rob: That's why, for example, if you're

taking an exam it's important

to get a good night's sleep

and to keep healthy. But Neil, when

you're revising for an exam, what helps

you to remember facts?

Neil: I tend to write things down again and

again and again and again.

Rob: Well, that's one way. But people have

different styles to help them remember.

According to the BBC's iWonder guide,

there are three different styles - visual,

auditory and kinaesthetic,

that's learning by 'doing' and practicing

something over and over again.

That sounds like me.

Neil: But recently, a new study has

come up with a method that could

possibly be the best way to improve your

memory and that's by drawing.

Daryl O'Connor, who's Professor

of Psychology at the University of Leeds,

has been speaking about it on

the BBC Radio 4 programme, All

In The Mind. See if you

can work out why...

Daryl O'Connor: The authors certainly

argue that one of the things that

happens by drawing

these particular objects, that it leads to

this increased contextual representation

of the object in one's mind...

It makes a lot of intuitive sense...

the idea that if you have encoded

something in a greater level of detail,

you're more likely to remember it...

It's much stronger than just remembering

writing down the words.

Neil: OK, so let's try to explain that.

Drawing something leads to increased

contextual representation of the object.

When something is contextual,

it is in the situation where

it usually exists.

Rob: So as you draw something you are

creating a picture in your mind

about what it is, how you use it and

where it is used. I wonder if

this means artists have good memories...

Neil: Maybe. Daryl O'Connor says that

when you draw you are encoding

something in a greater

level of detail, more than you would by

just writing things down.

Encoding is changing

information into a form that can

be stored and later recalled.

Rob: That's because as you draw,

you're thinking about different aspects of

the object. He says it makes

intuitive sense - intuitive means it is

'based on feelings rather than

facts or proof' - so, you just feel

it is the best thing to do.

Neil: Of course this is just one more way

to improve your memory. I've also

heard that doing

crossword puzzles and Sudoku

can help, especially when you're older.

Rob: Yes, as we get older we can often

have more difficulty retrieving information

from our memory - and people with

Alzheimer's find it very difficult

to encode information - so any way

to keep our memory working is a good

thing. Basically we need brain training!

Neil: Brain training and eating the right

food, Rob! You might remember that

earlier I asked you, according to

the BBC Food website, which type of food

supports good memory function?

Is it... a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas?

And Rob, you said...

Rob: I do remember and I said b) spinach.

Neil: And that is sort of the wrong answer.

In fact they were all correct - they are all

examples of food that can help support

good memory. Apparently, foods rich in

B vitamins are important as they

provide protection for the brain as we age

and support good memory function.

I think it's time to change my diet!

Now on to the vocabulary

we looked at in this programme.

Rob: So today we've been talking about

our memory - we use our memory

to remember things

and 'memories' is the noun for things

we remember from the past.

Neil: Then we discussed a learning style

known as 'kinaesthetic', that is learning

by 'doing' and

practising something over and over again.

Rob: We heard from Professor

Daryl O'Connor, who talked about

contextual representation - when

something is 'contextual',

you see it in the situation

where it usually exists.

Neil: Next we talked about 'encoding'.

That is changing information

into a form that can

be stored and later recalled.

Rob: And we mentioned 'intuitive sense' -

having an intuitive sense means

doing something 'based

on feelings rather than facts or proof' - so,

you just feel it is the best thing to do.

Neil: And finally we mentioned

Alzheimer's - a disease affecting

the brain that makes it

difficult to remember things and

it gets worse as you get older.

Rob: Well, there are lots of new words

to remember there - but that's all

for this programme.

Neil: Don't forget to visit us on Facebook,

Twitter, Instagram and YouTube

and our website:

bbclearningenglish.com. Bye for now.

Rob: Goodbye!

Improving your memory: 6 Minute English - YouTube 기억력 향상||||| 記憶力向上|あなたの|記憶力|分|記憶力向上|YouTube Verbessern Sie Ihr Gedächtnis: 6 Minuten Englisch - YouTube Améliorer sa mémoire : 6 minutes d'anglais - YouTube 記憶力を高める：6分間英語 - YouTube 기억력 향상: 6분 영어 - YouTube Poprawa pamięci: 6-minutowy angielski - YouTube Melhorar a sua memória: 6 Minutos de Inglês - YouTube Улучшение памяти: 6-минутный английский - YouTube Hafızanızı Geliştirmek: 6 Dakikalık İngilizce - YouTube 提高记忆力：6 分钟英语 - YouTube 提升記憶力：6 分鐘英語 - YouTube

Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute ニール|こんにちは||ようこそ||分

English, I'm Neil. This is 英語|私は|英語、ニールです|これ|

the programme where in just |节目||| |プログラム|どこで||たった |||em| でのプログラム。

six minutes we discuss an interesting |6分間|私たち|議論します|1つの|興味深い

topic and teach some 话题||| Sure, I can help with that. Please provide the specific topic you would like translated and the context in which it should be used.||教える|いくつかの

related English vocabulary. ||词汇関連する|英語関連語彙|Sure, I can help with that. Please provide the specific English vocabulary and its related context. ||słownictwo vocabulário inglês relacionado.

And joining me to do this is Rob. |参加する|私に||行う|これを||ロブ E me acompanhando para fazer isso está o Rob.||||||| 그리고 이 일을 위해 저와 함께한 사람이 바로 Rob입니다. E quem se junta a mim para fazer isto é o Rob.

you say this programme is? あなたは|言う||| |mówisz|||

Neil: Six minutes ... it's 6 Minute English, Rob. |||それは|||

Rob: Right. OK. Sorry, what's |そうですね|わかった||何ですか

your name again? あなたの|お名前は？|もう一度名前は？

Neil: Neil! My name is Neil, Rob. What's ニール||私の|||||

happened to your memory?! 記憶に何が起こったのですか？！|||

Rob: Sorry, Neil - too many things on my |||あまりにも||物事|手一杯|私の手に |||za||||

mind, it's affecting my short-term |это|||| ||impacting||| ||beeinflusst||| ||影响||| ||впливає||| 心の状態||影響している|私の|短期的|用語

memory, but what 記憶|でも|何

I can remember is that in this programme 私が||覚えている||それは||このプログラム|

we're talking about improving |||Verbesserung 私たちは|話している|について|改善する |||ulepszaniu

our memory. 私たちの|記憶

Neil: We are and I think you might find it ニール|私たち|||私|考える|あなた|かもしれない|見つける|それ

quite useful! Storing information ||Хранение информации| ||Storing data| ||armazenando| ||存储信息| ||almacenando| かなり|役立つ|保存|情報 dość|przydatne||

is an important |一つの|重要な

function of our brains and scientists 我们大脑的功能(1)|||大脑|| 機能|の|私たちの|脳||科学者たち

are always looking at ways to |常に|探している||方法| 는 항상 다음과 같은 방법을 찾고 있습니다.

improve it but also to stop it 改善|||||| 改善する|それ|しかし|また||止める| |||também||| 개선할 뿐만 아니라 멈출 수도 있습니다.

deteriorating - or becoming worse. ухудшающийся||| worsening||| verschlechternd||| 恶化||| погіршення||| 悪化する|または|悪化する|悪化する

Rob: Yes, and we all know that memories - |はい||||知っている|その|思い出

that's the noun for things それが||名詞|| ||sustantivo||

we remember from the

past - are nice to have but also important |были|||||| 過去の||素敵な||持つ||| الماضي - من الجميل أن يكون لديك ولكن من المهم أيضًا

for remembering who people are, |思い出すための||| 사람들이 누구인지 기억하는 데 도움이 됩니다,

where things are kept |||aufbewahrt |||保管されている 물건이 보관되는 곳

and how things look. |||見える 그리고 어떻게 보이는지.

Neil: Soon we'll be discussing a new idea |すぐに|私たちは|で|議論して||新しい|アイデア

for improving your memory but not before |改善する||||しない|前に

I've set today's quiz question. 私は|設定した|今日の|クイズ|質問 오늘의 퀴즈 문제를 출제했습니다.

There are many ways we can improve そこに|||||| 개선할 수 있는 방법은 여러 가지가 있습니다.

our memory but one way

is through the type of food we eat. |através de||||||

According to the BBC Food website,

which type of food

supports good memory function? Is it... поддерживает хорошую||||| unterstützt|||||

a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas? |||菠菜||| |||Spinat||| |||b) espinafre|||

Rob: Well, as a kid I was always told that |Ну|||||||| Rob: 어렸을 때 항상 이런 말을 들었습니다.

spinach was good for me - Popeye ate it |||||大力水手|| |||||ポパイ|| szpinak||||||| |||||Папай|| السبانخ كانت مفيدة بالنسبة لي - تناولها باباي 시금치는 저에게 좋았습니다 - 뽀빠이가 먹었습니다.

to make him strong - so I'll say b) spinach. |||||eu direi||| لتجعله قويًا - لذلك سأقول ب) السبانخ.

Neil: Well, I'll have the answer later on. |||||resposta||

Now, let's talk more about

improving our memory.

Memory is the ability to encode, store and Память||||||| |||||encode|| |||||codificar|| |||||kodieren|| |||||编码|| |||||кодувати|| |||||符号化する|| |||zdolność|||| الذاكرة هي القدرة على الترميز والتخزين والمعالجة.

recall information but a number of factors 回忆信息|||||| 情報を思い出す||||||要因 przypomnieć sobie||||||czynników 정보를 기억하지만 여러 가지 요인이 있습니다.

can affect people's memory processes может|||| ||||procesy

including health, anxiety, mood, |здоровье|| ||Angst|Stimmung ||不安|気分 |||humor بما في ذلك الصحة والقلق والمزاج،

stress and tiredness. ||усталость ||fatigue ||fatigue ||cansaço ||疲劳 ||втома ||疲れ ||zmęczenie 스트레스와 피곤함.

Rob: That's why, for example, if you're

taking an exam it's important

to get a good night's sleep ||||晚上的|

and to keep healthy. But Neil, when

you're revising for an exam, what helps ты|готовишься||||| |reviewing||||| |lernen||||| |复习||||| |готуєшся||||| |勉強中||||| |uczy się||||| 시험을 위해 복습하는 경우, 무엇이 도움이 되나요?

you to remember facts? |||information details knowledge 사실을 기억하라고요?

Neil: I tend to write things down again and |я|обычно|||||| ||usually|||||| ||傾向がある|||||| ||tiendo|||||| ||mam zwyczaj||||||

again and again and again.

Rob: Well, that's one way. But people have ||isso|||||

different styles to help them remember. ||||eles|

According to the BBC's iWonder guide, ||||根据BBC的iWonder指南| ||||de acordo com o guia iWonder da BBC,|

there are three different styles - visual, ||три|||визуальный стиль |||||ビジュアル

auditory and kinaesthetic, аудиальный||кинестетический auditif et kinesthésique||kinesthésique auditory||kinesthetic auditivo||cinestésica auditiv||kinästhetisch 听觉的|| 聴覚||聴覚と身体感覚

that's learning by 'doing' and practicing это||||| |||||実践

something over and over again. что-то|||| ||||再び |repetidamente||repetidamente|

That sounds like me. это|||

Neil: But recently, a new study has |но|||||

come up with a method that could придумать||||||

possibly be the best way to improve your

memory and that's by drawing. ||это|| ||||creating a picture ||||描くこと ||||dibujando ||||desenho

Daryl O'Connor, who's Professor 达里尔·奥康纳教授|||

of Psychology at the University of Leeds,

has been speaking about it on

the BBC Radio 4 programme, All ||||tudo

In The Mind. See if you

can work out why... могу||| 可以找出为什么...

Daryl O'Connor: The authors certainly 达里尔·奥康纳：作者们确实

argue that one of the things that 主張する||一つ|||| argumentar que|||||| 特定の物を描くことによって、それがもたらすことを主張する认为其中一件事情是

happens by drawing происходит (1)|| 物事が起こる

these particular objects, that it leads to эти|||||| |||||führt| 特定のオブジェクトを描くことで、それがもたらすことを主張する这些特定的物体，导致了

this increased contextual representation это||контекстуальное| ||situational|contextual depiction ||contextualizada| |erhöhte|kontextuell|darstellung |||上下文表示 ||文脈的な|表現 ||kontekstowy| هذا التمثيل السياقي المتزايد šī uzlabotā kontekstuālā reprezentācija 这种增强的情境表达

of the object in one's mind... ||||чьем-то| 在一个人的头脑中对物体的...

It makes a lot of intuitive sense... Это|||||| |||||instinctive understanding|understanding |||||intuitiva| Es|||||intuitiv| |||||直观的| |||||直感的に| إنه يجعل الكثير من المعنى البديهي ...

the idea that if you have encoded ||||||编码的 ||||||one ||||||codificado ||||||кодированное сообщение

something in a greater level of detail, ||||||细节 |||より高い|||

you're more likely to remember it...

It's much stronger than just remembering

writing down the words.

Neil: OK, so let's try to explain that.

Drawing something leads to increased ||führt||steigert

contextual representation of the object. |文脈的表現||| ||||obiekt التمثيل السياقي للكائن.

When something is contextual, Когда||| عندما يكون هناك شيء سياقي،

it is in the situation where

it usually exists. это|| ||存在する ||存在

Rob: So as you draw something you are

creating a picture in your mind создавая|||||

about what it is, how you use it and

where it is used. I wonder if |||||pergunto-me|

this means artists have good memories... это||||| ||these artists||| ||艺术家们|||

Neil: Maybe. Daryl O'Connor says that

when you draw you are encoding |||||编码 |||||符号化 ||desenhar|||codificando |||||codificando

something in a greater что-то|||

level of detail, more than you would by |||больше|||| |||さらに詳しく|||| 詳細度は、そのようなことをすることでより多くのことを知ることができます。

just writing things down. просто||| ただ物事を書き留める。

Encoding is changing Кодировка (1)|| Kodierung|| 编码(1)|| エンコーディングは変わっている

information into a form that can 情報を別の形式に変換することができるように

be stored and later recalled. ||||被存储并稍后调用 werden||||abgerufen werden |saved for later||| |almacenada|||recuperado |armazenado||| سيتم تخزينها واسترجاعها لاحقًا.

Rob: That's because as you draw, |Isso||||

you're thinking about different aspects of ||||方面| ||||側面|

the object. He says it makes

intuitive sense - intuitive means it is |||直感的手段||

'based on feelings rather than основываясь|||| |||eher|

facts or proof' - so, you just feel факты или доказательства|||||| |||então|||

it is the best thing to do. ||||||fazer

Neil: Of course this is just one more way

to improve your memory. I've also |||recall ability||

heard that doing

crossword puzzles and Sudoku 填字游戏|谜题|| Kreuzworträ||| puzzle type|||Sudoku game |パズル|| palavras cruzadas|||

can help, especially when you're older.

Rob: Yes, as we get older we can often

have more difficulty retrieving information |||извлечением| |||accessing information| |||recuperando| |mehr||abrufen| |||检索信息困难| |||отриманням| |||情報を取り出す| ir grūtāk iegūt informāciju.

from our memory - and people with

Alzheimer's find it very difficult 阿尔茨海默症患者||||

to encode information - so any way |情報を符号化||||

to keep our memory working is a good إن الحفاظ على ذاكرتنا في حالة عمل هو أمر جيد

thing. Basically we need brain training! |В общем|||| |基本的に||||

Neil: Brain training and eating the right

food, Rob! You might remember that

earlier I asked you, according to

the BBC Food website, which type of food

supports good memory function? يدعم وظيفة الذاكرة الجيدة؟

Is it... a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas?

And Rob, you said...

Rob: I do remember and I said b) spinach. ||||||||espinafre

Neil: And that is sort of the wrong answer. |И||||||| نيل: وهذا هو نوع من الإجابة الخاطئة.

In fact they were all correct - they are all |実際||||||| في الواقع كانوا جميعًا على حق - كلهم كذلك

examples of food that can help support أمثلة على الأطعمة التي يمكن أن تساعد في الدعم

good memory. Apparently, foods rich in ||显然||| ||anscheinend||| ذاكرة جيدة. ويبدو أن الأطعمة الغنية بـ

B vitamins are important as they

provide protection for the brain as we age |保护|||||| |||私たち||||

and support good memory function. ودعم وظيفة الذاكرة الجيدة.

I think it's time to change my diet! я||||||| ||それは||||| |acho|||||| أعتقد أنه الوقت المناسب لتغيير نظامي الغذائي!

Now on to the vocabulary Jetzt|||| ||agora para o vocabulário||

we looked at in this programme.

Rob: So today we've been talking about

our memory - we use our memory |記憶||||

to remember things

and 'memories' is the noun for things と||||||

we remember from the past.

Neil: Then we discussed a learning style |||||стиль обучения|

known as 'kinaesthetic', that is learning ||身体感覚の|||

by 'doing' and

practising something over and over again. 练习||||| ممارسة شيء ما مرارا وتكرارا.

Rob: We heard from Professor روب: لقد سمعنا من الأستاذ

Daryl O'Connor, who talked about |オコナー||| Даріл|||| داريل أوكونور، الذي تحدث عن

contextual representation - when контекстуальное представление|| 문맥 표현 - 언제

something is 'contextual', ||上下文的 شيء ما هو "سياقي"،

you see it in the situation ترى ذلك في الموقف

where it usually exists. حيث يوجد عادة.

Neil: Next we talked about 'encoding'. |||||Encoding(1) نيل: بعد ذلك تحدثنا عن "الترميز".

That is changing information هذا هو تغيير المعلومات

into a form that can إلى شكل يمكن

be stored and later recalled. |||позже| سيتم تخزينها واسترجاعها لاحقًا. 를 저장했다가 나중에 불러올 수 있습니다.

Rob: And we mentioned 'intuitive sense' - ||||интуитивное чувство| روب: وقد ذكرنا "الحس البديهي" -

having an intuitive sense means ter|||| إن وجود حس بديهي يعني

doing something 'based القيام بشيء ما "بناءً على"

on feelings rather than facts or proof' - so, "على المشاعر وليس على الحقائق أو الإثبات" - لذا،

you just feel it is the best thing to do. du||||||||| أنت تشعر فقط أن هذا هو أفضل شيء يمكنك فعله.

Neil: And finally we mentioned Neil speaking|||| نيل: وأخيرًا ذكرنا

Alzheimer's - a disease affecting 阿尔茨海默病||| ||Krankheit|die betrifft الزهايمر - مرض يؤثر على

the brain that makes it الدماغ الذي يصنعه

difficult to remember things and من الصعب تذكر الأشياء و

it gets worse as you get older. es|||||| ||peor|||| يصبح الأمر أسوأ كلما تقدمت في السن.

Rob: Well, there are lots of new words Rob||||||| روب: حسنًا، هناك الكثير من الكلمات الجديدة

to remember there - but that's all щоб||||| للتذكر هناك - ولكن هذا كل شيء

for this programme. لهذا البرنامج.

Neil: Don't forget to visit us on Facebook,

Twitter, Instagram and YouTube تويتر وانستجرام ويوتيوب

and our website: وموقعنا على الإنترنت:

bbclearningenglish.com. Bye for now. bbclearningenglish|||| bbclearningenglish.com. وداعا الآن.

Rob: Goodbye! Роб| روب: وداعا!