Adjectives
形容词是一个词,如“高大”、“孤独”或“教育的”,用来描述或提供有关人或事物的更多信息。形容词通常在名词之前,在存在和感知动词之后,如“味道”和“感觉”。
示例:
That is a very tall man.
He's such a lonely puppy when I'm at work.
We watched an educational movie.
There was a sweet taste in my mouth.
The old, dark house gave me a bad feeling.
形容词语序
当多个形容词一起使用时,有一个语序:
数量、价值/意见、尺寸、温度、年龄、形状、颜色、来源、材料
这个高(尺寸)的中国(原产)花瓶值很多钱。
我最喜欢的(价值/观点)旧(年份)蓝色(颜色)毛衣在清洗的时候被损坏了。
冰冷的(温度)圆形(形状)金属(材质)触碰到了我的手臂,并让我感到震惊。
使用形容词进行比较
要比较两个相等事物的属性,使用这个结构:
as+形容词+as
Coco is as thirsty as Steve.
She is as tall as her best friend.
The string is as long as the table.
要比较两个不相等事物的属性,请使用以下结构:
not as+形容词+as
少于+形容词+than
形容词+ than
They are not as cool as the others.
Miranda is not as funny as her sister.
They are less cool than the others.
Miranda is less funny than her sister.
The others are cooler than them.
Yoko is funnier than Miranda.
描述数量的形容词
当比较相等的事物时,使用这个结构:
as+表示数量的形容词+(名词)+as
I had as many books as a library has in my house.
There were as many dogs as there were people at the party.
If I had as few problems as you do, I would be more relaxed.
当比较不相等的事物时,使用这个结构:
表示数量的形容词+(名词)+than
Sarah has more pens than her sister.
The big monkey has fewer nuts than the small monkey.
We have had more success than they have.
The company made less money than it did last year.
形容词比较级
比较形容词让我们能够比较两个名词。以下是与比较形容词一起使用的结构:
名词(主语)+动词+比较形容词+than+名词(宾语)。
大多数比较形容词都是在形容词的末尾加上“r”或“-er”,或在形容词前面加上“more”。
形容词 | 比较的 |
---|---|
small | smaller |
wide | wider |
strong | stronger |
happy | happier |
intelligent | more intelligent |
important | more important |
The fir tree is stronger than the pine tree.
My friend is older than your friend.
Your health is more important than your need for sweet snacks.
The green and the red sweets both taste good, but I like the green better . ("...than the red." is implied).
最高级形容词
最高级形容词比较三个或以上的名词,使名词的比较达到最高程度。以下是构建的方法:
名词(主语)+动词+the+最高级形容词+名词(宾语)。
大多数最高级形容词都是在形容词后面加上“-est”或在形容词前面加上“most”。
形容词 | 最高级 |
---|---|
small | smallest |
wide | widest |
strong | strongest |
happy | happiest |
intelligent | most intelligent |
important | most important |
Jim 的妈妈是我认识的最聪明的人。
我的小镇拥有全国最小的图书馆。
我们的狗在啃骨头的时候是最快乐的。
不规则比较级和最高级形容词
就像英语语法中的大多数内容一样,上述最常见的结构也有例外。以下是一些最常见的不规则比较级和最高级:
形容词 | 比较的 | 最高级 |
---|---|---|
far | farther | farthest |
good | better | best |
many | more | most |
well | better | best |
bad | worse | worst |