×

我們使用cookies幫助改善LingQ。通過流覽本網站,表示你同意我們的 cookie 政策.


image

BBC Sounds – Homeschool History, Homeschool History – Charles Dickens

BBC Sounds – Music, Radio, Podcasts

Hello, and welcome to Homeschool History.

I'm Greg Jenner, and I've spent my whole career making history fun on the TV show Horrible Histories, and more recently on the BBC podcast You're Dead to Me, although that one's mostly for the grown-ups.

With everyone being cooped up in the house, I thought I'd deliver a snappy history lesson to entertain and educate the whole family. Who says that homeschooling can't be a bit of fun?

Today we are taking a literary leap to Victorian England to learn all about one of the most famous writers who's ever lived: Charles Dickens, the author of awesome classics like Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol. And listen up, because at the end of the episode there'll be a quick quiz to see how much you can remember.

Little Charles was born in Portsmouth in 1812. His family were lower class, but they had dreams of being a bit posher, especially Charles' dad, who cheekily borrowed a posh family's crest and used it for himself. That was quite embarrassing, it's a bit like spray-painting the family car gold and claiming it's a Lamborghini.

Charlie was the second oldest of eight kids, and he certainly wasn't the favourite child. His parents sent his sister off to the Royal Academy of Music, hoping that she would be the family's great success story. Poor Charles grew up in her shadow.

From a young age, Charles was a big-time book nerd. He'd sit alone, reading and re-reading for hours rather than running around and playing with the other kids. His childhood was a lot like lockdown, except without the Joe Wicks workouts.

(Joe Wicks: Please get up, everyone! You can do it literally in your pants, if you want!)

Charles Dickens did not do exercise.

Sadly, Charles' dad, who worked for the Navy, spent too much money on making the family seem posh, (Good day to you!) and so he ended up being thrown into debtor's jail. Weirdly, most of the Dickens family joined him there, until he could pay off his debts at least. But that was pretty hard, because he had no job, because, well, he was in jail. Weird system.

Anyway, little Charles didn't go to jail. No, aged just 12, he had to go and live with a different family, and he was sent to work in a London factory, sticking labels on bottles of boot polish. It wasn't a very nice job, and also all of his wages went to supporting his family, although he once did treat himself to a very nice dinner. But then he felt really guilty about it. Poor Charles.

200 years ago, lots of children worked instead of going to school. In fact, in his novel Oliver Twist, Dickens created a character called Fagin, who is named after one of the factory boys he knew. And this was something Dickens did a lot. He loved to base his characters on real people he knew, but he didn't have nice memories of his time in the factory.

He later wrote the words: "No words can express the secret agony of my soul as I sunk into this companionship."

He felt that all of his hopes of becoming a fancy fella were being crushed. But he must have seemed a bit fancy to his new friends because they nicknamed him the Young Gentleman.

Thankfully, Charles escaped factory life after several months, and he went back to school. At 15, he became a legal clerk. It was a big promotion from small boy who sticks things on stuff, but it was a dull job, and he hated how unfair the legal system was to people who had no money or power. These feelings later inspired one of his novels, Bleak House.

And it's probably no coincidence that Dickens, the legal clerk, earned the same wages as the beloved clerk Bob Cratchit from his story A Christmas Carol. (You might know it from the movie starring Kermit the Frog.)

Even though he didn't like exercise as a kid, when he was older, Charles Dickens really liked to walk around London and get to know all the different districts and different accents that people had. He would have made an excellent taxi driver.

But in 1830, he decided to fall in love instead. Her name was Maria Biednell, and she, well, she did not feel the same about Charles. In fact, she was a bit mean to him.

Her father was a banker, and Charlie thought that he probably wasn't good enough for her. He tried to improve his lot by going for an audition to become an actor, but unfortunately, he missed the audition because he got a nasty cold. Things got worse when Maria made fun of him on his 21st birthday party. It's a bit mean, isn't it? They broke up shortly afterwards.

After the big breakup, Charles learned some new skills. He became a renowned parliamentary reporter, writing down the speeches that politicians said in Westminster.

He also anonymously dropped off his first piece of creative fiction writing at a publishing house, and, excitingly, they printed it. (Hooray!) Charles was so proud, he had a little cry.

(Oh, Charlie, that's okay. Have a tissue.)

In 1836, two brilliant things happened to Charles. One, he married Catherine Hogarth. She was a well-educated and pretty daughter of a respectable editor, and the fact that Charles was accepted by Catherine's posh family was a big deal for the former factory boy.

One of my fave stories about Charles Dickens when he was dating Catherine was that he played a prank on her and her family. He jumped in through the window, dressed as a sailor, and performed a hornpipe dance without any warning.

And they stood there, confused, and then he jumped out of the window again, didn't say a word, and then a few minutes later, he came in through the front door, wearing normal clothes, and didn't mention it. Fair play, Charlie. Top banter.

But as well as marrying Catherine, his even bigger, even more brilliant thing in 1836 was his writing breakthrough. He wrote a series of funny stories called the Pickwick Papers.

They were about a group of lads being lads and having jolly adventures. People loved his sense of humour, and it became a really big success, particularly when he introduced a Cockney servant character called Sam Weller, who Charles named after his childhood nurse, Mary Weller.

This was the thing about knowing Charles Dickens, you never knew whether your name might end up in one of his books. Surprise! Speaking of names, at that time, Charles' work was published under his made-up pen name of Boz, B-O-Z, and his illustrator used the name Fizz, P-H-I-Z.

Boz and Fizz, they sound more like DJs, don't they?

Over the next few years, Charles wrote hit after hit. He was like the Ariana Grande of Victorian literature. He had Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, and the old Curiosity Shop. He wasn't making very much money, though, so not totally like Ariana Grande, and also, he didn't have the ponytail. But by the 1840s, Charles was very, very famous, and he went off to tour America. The Americans loved him, but Charles was pretty disappointed in the country, which was nothing like the perfect land of the free which he'd imagined growing up. He was especially disgusted by American slavery, which happened in the South, and this didn't go down very well with some Americans. They thought he was rude for criticizing them.

This was when Charles Dickens was hitting his stride. He now had more control over his works, and he finally started to make some proper, proper money. His books and magazine articles became well known for campaigning against bad stuff, like child poverty, dangerous factories, cruel workhouses, and prisons. He believed people in society had to be kinder and more compassionate to each other, which is also the theme behind A Christmas Carol, the story of the mean-spirited, money-grabbing Mr. Scrooge, who's visited by ghosts who help him see the true meaning of Christmas, which of course is snowball fights. Sorry, I mean being nice to people.

Of course, when you buy books, the author has finished writing them, but most of Dickens' stories were published in small sections over many months, sometimes for up to two years at a time, and he didn't often plan his plots in advance, so sometimes the books really changed style when he changed his mind about what he wanted to do. For his absolutely hooked readers, it was sort of like waiting for the next episode of Doctor Who. People were thrilled to see what might happen next, and Americans queued at the docks for British ships to arrive so they could ask the passengers what had happened to Dickens' characters. Even in Victorian times, people still wanted to look up spoilers before reading the book for themselves.

So Charles Dickens was an international superstar, but in 1858, Charles' life was rocked by a personal scandal when he publicly separated from his wife, Catherine. He'd started dating a much younger actress in secret. Her name was Ellen Ternan, and he even sent Ellen a piece of jewelry, which was mistakenly delivered to his wife. Yikes, that's like sending an embarrassing text message to the wrong person. If that wasn't bad enough, Charles handled the whole thing terribly. He was publicly very mean about Catherine, and he wrote a provocative letter in the Times newspaper. He said she was a bad wife and a bad mum, and some historians think he even tried to get his wife sent off to go and live in an asylum, which is very nasty. Anyway, he forced her out of the house, and he stopped her from seeing her nine children. What a rotter.

The public were very upset with Charles Dickens. His fans saw him as a good family man who wrote about being a good person. But Charles Dickens was going through a nasty divorce, and this was not at all good for his image. It was as if Greta Thunberg had been caught chucking fizzy drink bottles at a dolphin's head or punching a polar bear.

In 1865, another terrible event shook up Charles' personal life when he was caught up in a really horrible train crash. Fellow passengers hailed him as a hero as he helped some of the injured people, but he also raced back into the broken carriage to rescue a draft of his latest book. Charles, priorities, please! The crash, understandably, was very upsetting for him, especially since he was probably sneaking back from France with his secret girlfriend, Ellen. She was injured in the crash, but he couldn't let anyone know because then the scandal would have got out. For the rest of his life, Charles Dickens was terrified of traveling on trains. You can see why. He still kept on writing, though. He founded a couple of magazines, and as he got older, he started to plan his books in advance. This is when he wrote one of his greatest books, arguably his best book, Great Expectations. He also did another American tour. This time, he was doing readings from his book. These readings were very, very popular. People queued overnight on mattresses in the cold to see him, and he raked in huge sums of money. But he found these reading tours very exhausting. He was a passionate and energetic performer, and sometimes he had to have a big lie down after the performance.

In the end, it all got too much, and he died aged 58 years old, halfway through writing his 15th book, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, leaving behind the ultimate cliffhanger. Considering he'd spent his whole career making people wait to read what happened next, it was a very Charles Dickens way to die, to leave the book unfinished.

With all of its twists and turns, you might think that the life of Charles Dickens was worthy of a Charles Dickens novel, and in a way, it was. His beloved novel David Copperfield was originally meant to be Dickens' own life story, a type of book known as an autobiography. There's a clue in the hero's name. David Copperfield's initials, DC, are Charles Dickens' initials backwards, CD. But Dickens was too ashamed to tell people that he'd once been a doctor. He was a poor factory boy, and that his dad had gone to prison. So, he got embarrassed and made the book about a fictional character, David Copperfield. So that brings us to the end of Charles Dickens' life. Now it's time for the quickfire quiz to see how much you've learned.

Answer to question 1. He was sticking labels on jars of boot polish.

Answer to question 2. was, of course, Boz.

Answer to question 3. was Catherine Hogarth.

Answer to question 4. was 58 years old.

Answer to question 5. was David Copperfield.

Hopefully, you've enjoyed getting to know Charles Dickens. Why not get to know him some more by reading one of his books? I personally love A Christmas Carol. It's funny, a bit scary, and actually quite easy to read. It's one of my favourite books, so give it a whirl.

Tune in next time for some more homeschool history with me, Greg Janner. And make sure to subscribe to the podcast on BBC Sounds so you never miss an episode.

Thank you for listening. Take care and goodbye.

Hello, I'm Simon Armitage and I'm here to tell you about my new Radio 4 podcast, The Poet Laureate Has Gone to His Shed. Tucked away high in the Pennine Hills, the shed is where I sit and write. But writing can be a lonely and, dare I say, boring business. So I've lined up a few visitors to drop by. Kate Tempest and Maxine Peake both try their hand at a bit of Middle English. Guy Garvey shares birdwatching anecdotes. Lily Cole takes me to the Amazon rainforest. And I teach beatboxing world champion Testament how to make a kookaburra sound. But to be honest, once the door of the shed is shut, the conversation goes wherever it likes. Just search for The Poet Laureate Has Gone to His Shed on BBC Sounds.

Learn languages from TV shows, movies, news, articles and more! Try LingQ for FREE

BBC Sounds – Music, Radio, Podcasts ||||podcasts BBC Sounds – Music, Radio, Podcasts

Hello, and welcome to Homeschool History. ||||École à domicile| Hola||bienvenidos||escuela en casa| Здравствуйте, добро пожаловать на сайт Homeschool History.

I'm Greg Jenner, and I've spent my whole career making history fun on the TV show Horrible Histories, and more recently on the BBC podcast You're Dead to Me, although that one's mostly for the grown-ups. |||||spent||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||toda a||||||||||||||||||você está||||embora||||||os adultos|elevando ||||||||||||||||Schreckliche|||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||sebbene|||principalmente|||| |||||||всю свою|кар'єра||||||||||||нещодавно||||||Мертві|||хоча|||переважно|||дорослих|в основному |Greg Jenner|Jenner|||he pasado||toda mi|carrera profesional|haciendo historia||divertida||||programa de televisión|Horrible|historias horribles|||||||podcast||muerto|||aunque ese||el de uno|principalmente|||adultos|ups Меня зовут Грег Дженнер, и я всю свою карьеру занимался историей в телешоу Horrible Histories, а в последнее время - в подкасте BBC You're Dead to Me, хотя он в основном для взрослых.

With everyone being cooped up in the house, I thought I'd deliver a snappy history lesson to entertain and educate the whole family. |||enfermé||||||||||dynamique||||||||| |||关在||||||||||quick and engaging||||entertain||||| |||encerrados||||||pensei||||rápida e interessante||||||||toda a| Da|||eingesperrt||||||||||kurzweilige||||||||| |||rinchiusi||||||||fornire||vivace||||||educare||| |||被困在家||||||||||生动有趣||||||||| ||перебування|замкнені||||||подумав що||провести||жвава||||розважити||навчити||| Con||estando|encerrados|encerrados|||||pensé que|yo habría|dar||rápida y divertida||||entretener||educar||toda la familia|toda la familia With everyone being cooped up in the house, I thought I'd deliver a snappy history lesson to entertain and educate the whole family. Поскольку все сидят дома, я решил провести небольшой урок истории, чтобы развлечь и просветить всю семью. Who says that homeschooling can't be a bit of fun? |||||||un poco|| |||école à domicile|||||| |||ensino em casa||||um pouco|| |||домашнє навчання||||трохи|| ¿Quién dice que la educación en casa no puede ser un poco divertida? Кто сказал, что домашнее обучение не может быть веселым?

Today we are taking a literary leap to Victorian England to learn all about one of the most famous writers who's ever lived: Charles Dickens, the author of awesome classics like Oliver Twist and A Christmas Carol. ||||||saut littéraire|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||related to literature|leap|||||||||||||||||||||||||Oliver Twist|Oliver Twist|||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||clássicos incríveis|||||||| |||||literarisch|Sprung|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||Oliver Twist|||| |||||文学的|飞跃||维多利亚时代||||||||||||||||狄更斯||||精彩绝伦||||雾都孤儿||||圣诞颂歌 |||||літературний|стрибок||вікторіанська епоха|Англія вікторіанської епохи|||||||||||||||||автор||||||||||Різдвяна пісня |||||literario|salto literario||victoriana|||||||||||escritores famosos||ha vivido|ha vivido|Charles Dickens|Dickens||autor||asombrosos|clásicos literarios||Oliver Twist|Oliver Twist|||Navidad|Cuento de Navidad Hoy estamos dando un salto literario a la Inglaterra victoriana para aprender todo sobre uno de los escritores más famosos que jamás ha existido: Charles Dickens, el autor de increíbles clásicos como Oliver Twist y Cuento de Navidad. Сегодня мы совершим литературный прыжок в викторианскую Англию, чтобы узнать все об одном из самых известных писателей, которые когда-либо жили на свете: Чарльзе Диккенсе, авторе таких потрясающих классических произведений, как "Оливер Твист" и "Рождественская песнь". And listen up, because at the end of the episode there'll be a quick quiz to see how much you can remember. ||||||||||会有||||||||||| ||atenção|||||||||||rápido|||||||| |escuchen bien|escuchen bien|||||||episodio|habrá||||cuestionario rápido||||||| |||||||||епізоду||||швидкий|вікторина||||||| Y presten atención, porque al final del episodio habrá un breve cuestionario para ver cuánto pueden recordar. И слушайте внимательно, потому что в конце эпизода будет быстрая викторина, чтобы проверить, как много вы запомнили.

Little Charles was born in Portsmouth in 1812. |||||朴茨茅斯| |||||Портсмуті| |Charles||nació||Portsmouth| Маленький Чарльз родился в Портсмуте в 1812 году. His family were lower class, but they had dreams of being a bit posher, especially Charles' dad, who cheekily borrowed a posh family's crest and used it for himself. |||||||||||||plus distingués|||||effrontément|||chic||blason familial||||| |||||||||||||more upscale|||||impudently|||高档的||coat of arms||||| |||classe baixa|||||||||um pouco|||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||vornehmer|||||frech|auslieh|||einer vornehmen Familie|Wappen||||| |||||||||||||più raffinati|||||sfacciatamente|preso in prestito||elegante||stemma di famiglia||||| |||||||||||||更体面|||||厚颜无耻地||||贵族家庭的|徽章||||| |||нижчий клас||||||||||більш вишуканими|особливо||||зухвало|позичив||шляхетний|родини|герб родини||||| |||clase baja|||||||||un poco|más elegante|||||con descaro|tomó prestado||elegante||escudo heráld||||| His family were lower class, but they had dreams of being a bit posher, especially Charles' dad, who cheekily borrowed a posh family's crest and used it for himself. Его семья принадлежала к низшему классу, но они мечтали быть немного шикарнее, особенно отец Чарльза, который нахально позаимствовал герб шикарной семьи и использовал его для себя. That was quite embarrassing, it's a bit like spray-painting the family car gold and claiming it's a Lamborghini. |||尴尬的|||||喷漆||||||||||兰博基尼 that|||尴尬的|it is|||||||||||||| ||bastante|vergonzoso|||un poco||pintura en aerosol|pintura|||el coche|||afirmando que es|||Lamborghini ||досить|незручно||||||||||||||| ||||||||verniciare a spruzzo|||||||||| Это было довольно неловко, все равно что покрасить семейный автомобиль в золотой цвет и заявить, что это Lamborghini.

Charlie was the second oldest of eight kids, and he certainly wasn't the favourite child. 查理|||||||||||||| ||||||||und|||||| |||||||||||||最受欢迎| Charlie||||el segundo mayor|||||||||el niño favorito| Чарли был вторым по старшинству из восьми детей и уж точно не был любимым ребенком. His parents sent his sister off to the Royal Academy of Music, hoping that she would be the family's great success story. |||||||||皇家音乐学院|||||||||||| ||enviaron|su|her hermana|enviaron|||||||esperando que||||||||historia de éxito| Его родители отправили сестру в Королевскую академию музыки, надеясь, что она станет великой историей успеха семьи. 他的父母把他的妹妹送到皇家音乐学院,希望她能成为家里的成功典范。 Poor Charles grew up in her shadow. Pobre||creció||||sombra Бідолашний||||||тіні Бедный Чарльз вырос в ее тени.

From a young age, Charles was a big-time book nerd. ||||||||||书呆子 ||||||||||rat de bibliothèque |||||||gran aficionado|gran parte||ratón de biblioteca Desde una edad temprana, Charles era un gran aficionado a los libros. С юных лет Чарльз был большим книжным ботаником. He'd sit alone, reading and re-reading for hours rather than running around and playing with the other kids. ||||||阅读|||||||||||| él habría|se sentaría||||repetidamente||||en lugar de|que|corriendo|||||||los otros niños Se sentaba solo, leyendo y releyendo durante horas en lugar de correr y jugar con los otros niños. Он сидел один, читал и перечитывал часами, вместо того чтобы бегать и играть с другими детьми. His childhood was a lot like lockdown, except without the Joe Wicks workouts. ||||||封锁期|||||韦克斯|锻炼课程 ||||||confinement|||||| ||||||封锁状态|||||| |infancia|||||confinamiento estricto|excepto que|sin||Joe Wicks|Joe Wicks|entrenamientos de Joe |дитинство|||||локдауном|||||| Su infancia era muy parecida al confinamiento, excepto por los ejercicios de Joe Wicks. Его детство было очень похоже на изоляцию, только без тренировок с Джо Виксом.

(Joe Wicks: Please get up, everyone! You can do it literally in your pants, if you want!) |||||||||||||裤子||| ||||||Ihr|||||||||| ||||||ви||||буквально|||трусах||| |||levántense||todos ustedes|||||literalmente|||pantalones cortos||| (Джо Викс: Пожалуйста, встаньте все! Вы можете сделать это буквально в штанах, если хотите!)

Charles Dickens did not do exercise. Чарльз Диккенс не занимался физическими упражнениями.

Sadly, Charles' dad, who worked for the Navy, spent too much money on making the family seem posh, (Good day to you!) and so he ended up being thrown into debtor's jail. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||prison des débiteurs| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||debtors' prison| ||||||||||||||||parecer||||||||||||jogado||| Purtroppo|||||||Marina Militare||||||||||di classe|||||||||||||| |||||||海军|||||||||||||||||||||||债务人| |||||||Armada Naval|gastó||||||||parecer posh|elegante|||||||||||arrojado||la cárcel de deud| Bohužel Charlesův otec, který pracoval u námořnictva, utratil příliš mnoho peněz za to, aby rodina vypadala nóbl (Dobrý den!), a tak skončil ve vězení pro dlužníky. К сожалению, отец Чарльза, работавший на флоте, тратил слишком много денег на то, чтобы семья выглядела шикарно (Good day to you!), и в итоге его посадили в тюрьму для должников. Weirdly, most of the Dickens family joined him there, until he could pay off his debts at least. Étrangement||||||||||||||||| 奇怪的是||||||||||||||||| de forma estranha||||Dickens||||||||||||| Stranamente||||||||||||||||| 奇怪的是|||||||||||||||债务|| extrañamente|la mayoría|||||se unió|||hasta que||||||deudas||al menos Как ни странно, большинство членов семьи Диккенса присоединились к нему там, по крайней мере, до тех пор, пока он не смог расплатиться с долгами. But that was pretty hard, because he had no job, because, well, he was in jail. |||||||||||||||prison |||bastante|||||||||||| Но это было довольно трудно, потому что у него не было работы, потому что он сидел в тюрьме. Weird system. extraño|sistema extraño Странная система.

Anyway, little Charles didn't go to jail. de todos modos|||||| Как бы то ни было, малыш Чарльз не попал в тюрьму. No, aged just 12, he had to go and live with a different family, and he was sent to work in a London factory, sticking labels on bottles of boot polish. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||bouteilles||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||shoe polish ||||||||||||||||||||||||Etiketten||||Schuhcreme|Schuhcreme |||||||||||||||||||||||attaccando|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||瓶子||靴子油|鞋油 ||||||||||||||||||||||fábrica|pegando etiquetas|etiquetas||botellas de betún||betún para zapatos|pasta para zapatos Nein, im Alter von nur 12 Jahren musste er zu einer anderen Familie ziehen und wurde in eine Londoner Fabrik geschickt, um Etiketten auf Flaschen Schuhcreme zu kleben. Нет, в возрасте всего 12 лет ему пришлось уйти жить в другую семью, и его отправили работать на лондонскую фабрику, наклеивать этикетки на бутылки с лаком для обуви. It wasn't a very nice job, and also all of his wages went to supporting his family, although he once did treat himself to a very nice dinner. |||||||||||Löhne||||||||||behandeln|||||| |||||||||||||||||||||treat|||||| |||||||||||salario|||||||||||||||| |||||||también||||salario|||mantener a|||aunque||una vez||se dio||||||cena muy agradable |||||||||||salários||||||||uma vez||mimar|||||| Es war keine schöne Arbeit und sein gesamter Lohn ging zur Unterstützung seiner Familie, obwohl er sich einmal ein sehr schönes Abendessen gegönnt hat. Это была не очень приятная работа, к тому же вся его зарплата уходила на содержание семьи, хотя однажды он побаловал себя очень вкусным ужином. But then he felt really guilty about it. |||se sintió||culpable|| Aber dann fühlte er sich sehr schuldig deswegen. Но потом он почувствовал себя очень виноватым. Poor Charles. pobre Charles| Бедный Чарльз.

200 years ago, lots of children worked instead of going to school. 200 лет назад многие дети работали, а не ходили в школу. In fact, in his novel Oliver Twist, Dickens created a character called Fagin, who is named after one of the factory boys he knew. ||||||||||||费金||||||||||| ||||||||||||Fagin||||||||||| ||||||||||||Fagin||||||||||| ||||||||||||Fagin||||||||||| ||||||||||||Fagin||||||||||| В романе "Оливер Твист" Диккенс создал персонажа по имени Фейгин, названного в честь одного из знакомых ему фабричных мальчишек. And this was something Dickens did a lot. И это было то, что Диккенс делал часто. He loved to base his characters on real people he knew, but he didn't have nice memories of his time in the factory. |||base||||||||||||||||||| Он любил брать за основу своих персонажей реальных людей, которых знал, но у него не было приятных воспоминаний о работе на фабрике.

He later wrote the words: "No words can express the secret agony of my soul as I sunk into this companionship." |||||||||||||||||m'enfonçais|||compagnie ||||written expression|||||||intense suffering|||||||||陪伴 ||||||||||||||alma|||afundei||| ||||||||||||||||||||Gesellschaft ||||文字|||||||痛苦||||||陷入|||陪伴关系 ||||||||||||||||||||compañerismo のちに彼は、"この交わりの中に沈んでいった私の魂のひそかな苦悩は、どんな言葉でも言い表すことはできない "と書き残している。 Позже он написал такие слова: "Никакие слова не могут выразить тайную агонию моей души, когда я погружался в это общение".

He felt that all of his hopes of becoming a fancy fella were being crushed. ||||||||||chic|gentleman élégant||| |||||||||||stylish gentleman||| |||||||||||rapaz|||esmagadas |||||||||||Kerl||| |sentiva||||||||||tipo elegante|||schiacciate ||||||||||时髦的|小伙子|||破灭 |||||||||||tipo elegante||| 派手な男になりたいという希望がすべて打ち砕かれる思いだった。 Он чувствовал, что все его надежды стать модным парнем рушатся. But he must have seemed a bit fancy to his new friends because they nicknamed him the Young Gentleman. ||||||||||||||起了绰号|||| ||||parecia|||||||||||||| しかし、新しい友人たちは彼にヤング・ジェントルマンというあだ名をつけた。 Но, видимо, он показался своим новым друзьям немного причудливым, потому что они прозвали его Молодым Джентльменом.

Thankfully, Charles escaped factory life after several months, and he went back to school. ||逃离||||||||||| Heureusement||||||||||||| |||fabbrica|||diversi||||||| ||escapou||||||||||| К счастью, через несколько месяцев Чарльз вырвался из фабричной жизни и вернулся в школу. At 15, he became a legal clerk. |||||书记员 |||||greffier juridique |||||法律助理 |||||escrivão В 15 лет он стал юридическим клерком. It was a big promotion from small boy who sticks things on stuff, but it was a dull job, and he hated how unfair the legal system was to people who had no money or power. |||||||||||||||||乏味的|||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||rechtlichen|||||||||| |||||||||||||||||无聊|||||||||||||||||| |||||||||attacca||||||||noioso|||||||||||||||||| ||||||||que|cola||||||||monótono||||odiava|||||||||||||| Это было большое повышение по сравнению с маленьким мальчиком, который приклеивал вещи к вещам, но это была скучная работа, и он ненавидел то, как несправедлива была юридическая система к людям, у которых не было денег или власти. These feelings later inspired one of his novels, Bleak House. ||||||||Sombres| |||激发|||||Gloomy and desolate| |sentimentos|||||||| ||||||||Trübe| |||||之一|||荒凉| ||||||||Casa desolada| Эти чувства впоследствии послужили вдохновением для одного из его романов, Bleak House.

And it's probably no coincidence that Dickens, the legal clerk, earned the same wages as the beloved clerk Bob Cratchit from his story A Christmas Carol. ||||coïncidence|||||||||||||||Bob Cratchit|||||| ||||coincidence||||||||||||beloved|clerk|||||||| ||||||Dickens|||||||salários|||amado||||||||| |es ist|||Zufall||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||guadagnava|||salario|||amato||||||||| ||||巧合||||||||||||||鲍勃|克拉奇特||||||圣诞颂歌 ||||||||||||||||querido|||Cratchit|||||| そして、法律事務員だったディケンズが、『クリスマス・キャロル』に登場する愛すべき事務員ボブ・クラチットと同じ賃金を得ていたのは、おそらく偶然ではないだろう。 И, наверное, не случайно, что юридический клерк Диккенса получал ту же зарплату, что и любимый клерк Боб Крэтчит из его сказки "Рождественская песнь". (You might know it from the movie starring Kermit the Frog.) |||||||主演|科米特||青蛙柯米特 |||||||avec en vedette||| ||||||||Kermit la rana|| (Возможно, вы знаете его по фильму с лягушонком Кермитом в главной роли).

Even though he didn't like exercise as a kid, when he was older, Charles Dickens really liked to walk around London and get to know all the different districts and different accents that people had. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||quartiers|||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||区域|||dialects||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||distritos|||||| Хотя в детстве Чарльз Диккенс не любил физические упражнения, когда он стал старше, ему очень нравилось гулять по Лондону и знакомиться с разными районами и разными акцентами, которые были у людей. He would have made an excellent taxi driver. ||||||出租车| Lui||||||| Из него получился бы отличный таксист. 他本可以成为一名出色的出租车司机。

But in 1830, he decided to fall in love instead. ||||||||stattdessen ||||"di"||||invece Но в 1830 году он решил влюбиться. 但是在1830年,他决定去爱一个人。 Her name was Maria Biednell, and she, well, she did not feel the same about Charles. ||||比德内尔||||||||||| ||||Biednell||||||||||| ||||Biednell||||||||||| Ее звали Мария Биднелл, и она... ну, она не испытывала к Чарльзу таких чувств. 她的名字叫玛丽亚·比德内尔,她对查尔斯的感情并不相同。 In fact, she was a bit mean to him. ||sie||||gemein|| На самом деле, она была немного груба с ним.

Her father was a banker, and Charlie thought that he probably wasn't good enough for her. ||||银行家||||||||||| ||||banquier||||||||||| Ее отец был банкиром, и Чарли подумал, что он, вероятно, недостаточно хорош для нее. He tried to improve his lot by going for an audition to become an actor, but unfortunately, he missed the audition because he got a nasty cold. ||||||||||audition|||||||||||||||vilain| ||||||||||试镜|||||||||the audition opportunity||||||严重的| |||||||||||||||||||||||||terrível|resfriado ||||||||||Vorsprechen|||||||||||||||| |||||处境|||||试镜||||演员|||||||||||| ||||||||||audición|||||||||||||||| Он попытался улучшить свое положение, отправившись на прослушивание, чтобы стать актером, но, к сожалению, пропустил прослушивание, так как сильно простудился. 他试图通过参加一次试镜来成为演员来改善自己的处境,但不幸的是,他因为感冒错过了试镜。 Things got worse when Maria made fun of him on his 21st birthday party. |||||sich lustig machte|||||||| Все стало еще хуже, когда Мария высмеяла его на вечеринке в честь его 21-го дня рождения. 玛丽亚在他的21岁生日派对上取笑他时,事情变得更糟了。 It's a bit mean, isn't it? Это немного грубо, не так ли? 有点刻薄,不是吗? They broke up shortly afterwards. |||不久之后|之后不久 Sie|||| ||||depois Вскоре после этого они расстались.

After the big breakup, Charles learned some new skills. |||分手后||||| |||séparation||||| ||importante|||||| После тяжелого разрыва Чарльз приобрел новые навыки. He became a renowned parliamentary reporter, writing down the speeches that politicians said in Westminster. |||著名的|议会的|||||||||| ||||parlementaire||||||||||Westminster |||著名的|related to parliament|parliamentary journalist|||||||||西敏寺 |||||||||discursos||||| |||renombrado|parlamentario|||||||||| Он стал известным парламентским репортером, записывая речи, произносимые политиками в Вестминстере. 他成为了一位著名的议会记者,在西敏寺记录政客们在那里说的演讲。

He also anonymously dropped off his first piece of creative fiction writing at a publishing house, and, excitingly, they printed it. ||anonymement||||||||||||maison d'édition|||avec enthousiasme||| ||without a name|||||||||||||||||| |||entregou||||||||||||||animadoramente||| |||||||||||||||||aufregenderweise||| |||lasciò anonimamente||||||||||||||||| ||匿名地|||||||||写作||||||令人兴奋地||| ||de forma anónima||||||||||||editorial|||emocionantemente||publicaron| 彼はまた、匿名で初めて書いた創作小説を出版社に投函した。 Он также анонимно передал в издательство свое первое произведение, написанное в жанре творческой фантастики, и, что удивительно, его напечатали. 他还匿名地把自己的第一篇创意小说投递给了一家出版社,令人兴奋的是,他们将其印刷了。 (Hooray!) Charles was so proud, he had a little cry. 万岁||||||||| Evviva!||||||||| ¡Hurra||||||||| (Чарльз был так горд, что даже расплакался. (万岁!) 查尔斯感到非常自豪,他感动得哭了。

(Oh, Charlie, that's okay. Have a tissue.) ||||||纸巾 ||||Nimm|| ||||||pañuelo desechable ||||||lenço (О, Чарли, все в порядке. Возьми салфетку).

In 1836, two brilliant things happened to Charles. В 1836 году с Чарльзом произошли две удивительные вещи. One, he married Catherine Hogarth. ||||霍加斯 ||||Hogarth ||||Hogarth Во-первых, он женился на Кэтрин Хогарт. She was a well-educated and pretty daughter of a respectable editor, and the fact that Charles was accepted by Catherine's posh family was a big deal for the former factory boy. |||||||女儿|||体面的||||||||||凯瑟琳的||||||||||| ||||||||||respecté||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Catherines||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||Catherine||||||||||| Она была образованной и красивой дочерью респектабельного редактора, и тот факт, что Чарльз был принят в шикарной семье Кэтрин, имел большое значение для бывшего фабриканта.

One of my fave stories about Charles Dickens when he was dating Catherine was that he played a prank on her and her family. |||préférées|||||||||||||||||||| |||favorite|||||||||||||||practical joke||||| |||favorita||||||||namoro|||||||brincadeira||||| |||Lieblingsgeschichten|||||||||||||||Streich||||| |||最喜欢的|||||||||||||||恶作剧||||| |||favoritas|||||||||||||||broma||||| Одна из моих любимых историй о Чарльзе Диккенсе, когда он встречался с Кэтрин, гласит, что он разыграл ее и ее семью. He jumped in through the window, dressed as a sailor, and performed a hornpipe dance without any warning. |||||||||matelot||||gigue de marin|||| |||||||||水手||||sailor's jig||without any warning|| |||||||||||||dança de sapateado||||sem aviso |||||||||||||Hornpipe-Tanz|||| |||||||||||||ballo del marinaio||||senza preavviso |||||||||水手||||水手舞|||| |||||||||marinero||||baile marinero|||| Он вскочил в окно, переодевшись моряком, и без всякого предупреждения исполнил танец хорнпайп. 他穿着水手服跳进窗户,毫无预警地表演了一支角舞。

And they stood there, confused, and then he jumped out of the window again, didn't say a word, and then a few minutes later, he came in through the front door, wearing normal clothes, and didn't mention it. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||erwähnen| ||ficaram||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Они стояли в замешательстве, а потом он снова выпрыгнул из окна, не сказав ни слова, а через несколько минут вошел через парадную дверь в обычной одежде и ничего не сказал. 他们站在那里,感到困惑,然后他再次跳出窗户,什么也没说,几分钟后,他从前门走进来,穿着普通衣服,也没有提及。 Fair play, Charlie. 公平|| Честная игра, Чарли. 干得漂亮,查理。 Top banter. |Super blague. |Great humor |Top brincadeira. Erstklassiger Witz.|Toller Spaß. |Ottima battuta. |顶级玩笑 |bromas divertidas トップ・バンター Лучшие шутки.

But as well as marrying Catherine, his even bigger, even more brilliant thing in 1836 was his writing breakthrough. |||||||||||||||||突破 ||||épouser||||||||||||| ||||getting married to|||||||||||||major success |||||||||||||||||svolta decisiva nella scrittura |||||||||||||||||avanço Но помимо женитьбы на Кэтрин, еще более значительным, еще более блестящим событием 1836 года стал его писательский прорыв. He wrote a series of funny stories called the Pickwick Papers. |||||||||匹克威克| |||||||||Pickwick| |escribió||||||||Pickwick| Он написал серию забавных рассказов под названием "Пиквикские книжки".

They were about a group of lads being lads and having jolly adventures. ||||||jeunes garçons|||||joyeuses| ||||||young men|||||fun-filled| |||||||||||alegres| ||||Gruppe||Jungs|||||lustig| ||||||ragazzi|||||| ||||||小伙子们|||||欢乐的|冒险经历 ||||||chicos|||||alegres aventuras| 若者たちが若者らしく、陽気な冒険をするという内容だった。 Они рассказывали о группе парней, которые были парнями и переживали веселые приключения. People loved his sense of humour, and it became a really big success, particularly when he introduced a Cockney servant character called Sam Weller, who Charles named after his childhood nurse, Mary Weller. ||||||||||||||||||伦敦腔|仆人||||威勒||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||Weller||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||cockney||||||||||||bambinaia|| ||||||||||||||||||Cockney|||||Weller|||||||enfermera de infancia|| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||Weller Людям понравилось его чувство юмора, и книга имела большой успех, особенно когда он ввел в нее персонажа слуги-кокни по имени Сэм Уэллер, которого Чарльз назвал в честь своей детской няни Мэри Уэллер. 人们喜欢他的幽默感,尤其是当他引入了一个名叫山姆·韦勒的伦敦佣人角色时,这一点变得非常成功,查尔斯把这个角色命名为自己的幼时保姆玛丽·韦勒。

This was the thing about knowing Charles Dickens, you never knew whether your name might end up in one of his books. |||||||||||||||be included in|||||| |||||||||||se|||||||||| チャールズ・ディケンズを知るということは、自分の名前が彼の本の中に出てくるかどうかわからないということだった。 В этом и заключалась особенность знакомства с Чарльзом Диккенсом: никогда не знаешь, может ли твое имя оказаться в одной из его книг. 认识查尔斯·狄更斯的一个有趣之处是,你永远不知道你的名字会不会出现在他的书里。 Surprise! Сюрприз! 惊喜! Speaking of names, at that time, Charles' work was published under his made-up pen name of Boz, B-O-Z, and his illustrator used the name Fizz, P-H-I-Z. |||||||||||||||||||||||illustrateur|||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||artist for books|||||||| ||||||||||||fictício||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||Boz||||||||||Phiz|||| |||||||||||||||||博兹||||||插画家||||菲兹|||| |||||||||||||||||Boz||||||ilustrador||||Fizz||||Z Кстати, об именах: в то время работы Чарльза публиковались под его выдуманным псевдонимом Боз, B-O-Z, а его иллюстратор использовал имя Физз, P-H-I-Z. 说起名字,在那个时候,查尔斯的作品是以他虚构的笔名 Boz 发表的,而他的插画师则使用了名字 Fizz。

Boz and Fizz, they sound more like DJs, don't they? |||||||DJ|| |||||||DJs|| |||||||DJs|| Боз и Физз, они больше похожи на диджеев, не так ли? Boz 和 Fizz,听起来更像是 DJ,不是吗?

Over the next few years, Charles wrote hit after hit. |||||||successful song|| В течение следующих нескольких лет Чарльз писал хит за хитом. 在接下来的几年里,查尔斯创作了一个又一个的热门作品。 He was like the Ariana Grande of Victorian literature. ||||阿丽亚娜||||维多利亚文学 ||||||||literature ||||Ariana Grande|grande||| Он был похож на Ариану Гранде из викторианской литературы. 他就像是维多利亚文学界的阿里安娜·格兰德。 He had Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, and the old Curiosity Shop. |||||尼克尔比||||| |||||Nickleby||||| |||||a Dickens novel||||Curiosity Shop| ||||Nicholas Nickleby|Nickleby||||| У него были "Оливер Твист", "Николас Никльби" и "Лавка любопытных". 他有《奥利弗·特维斯特》、《尼古拉斯·尼克尔比》和《古玩店》。 He wasn't making very much money, though, so not totally like Ariana Grande, and also, he didn't have the ponytail. |||||||||||||||||||queue de cheval |||||||||||||||||||马尾辫 |||||||||||||||||||rabo de cavalo |||||||||||Ariana Grande||||||||Pferdeschwanz |||||||||||||||||||coda di cavallo |||||||||||||||||||马尾辫 |||||||||||||||||||coleta de caballo Правда, он зарабатывал не так много денег, так что не совсем как Ариана Гранде, а еще у него не было хвоста. 虽然他并没赚很多钱,所以不完全像阿里安娜·格兰德,而且,他也没有那个马尾辫。 But by the 1840s, Charles was very, very famous, and he went off to tour America. Aber in den 1840er Jahren war Charles sehr, sehr berühmt und er machte sich auf, um Amerika zu bereisen. Но к 1840-м годам Чарльз был очень, очень знаменит и отправился в турне по Америке. 但到了19世纪40年代,查尔斯已经非常非常出名了,他去美国巡回演出。 The Americans loved him, but Charles was pretty disappointed in the country, which was nothing like the perfect land of the free which he'd imagined growing up. ||||||||||||||||||||||||imaginé|| ||||||||enttäuscht|||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||imaginava|| Die Amerikaner liebten ihn, aber Charles war ziemlich enttäuscht von dem Land, das überhaupt nicht dem perfekten Land der Freiheit entsprach, das er sich vorgestellt hatte, als er aufwuchs. アメリカ人は彼を愛してくれたが、チャールズはこの国にかなり失望していた。 Американцы любили его, но Чарльз был сильно разочарован страной, которая совсем не походила на идеальную страну свободных людей, какой он представлял ее себе, когда рос. 美国人喜欢他,但查尔斯对这个国家感到相当失望,与他从小想象中的完美自由之地大相径庭。 He was especially disgusted by American slavery, which happened in the South, and this didn't go down very well with some Americans. |||厌恶|||||||||||||||||| |||angewidert||||||||||dies|||||||| ||||||奴隶制||||||||||||||| |||asqueado|||||||||||||||||| |||enojado|||escravidão||||||||||||||| Er war besonders angewidert von der amerikanischen Sklaverei, die im Süden stattfand, und das kam bei einigen Amerikanern nicht gut an. 彼は特に南部で起こったアメリカの奴隷制度に嫌悪感を抱いており、これは一部のアメリカ人には不評だった。 Особое отвращение у него вызывало американское рабство, которое существовало на Юге, и это не очень понравилось некоторым американцам. 他尤其对美国南部的奴隶制感到恶心,这一点并不为一些美国人所欢迎。 They thought he was rude for criticizing them. ||||||批评| |pensaram|||||criticando| Они считали его грубым за то, что он критиковал их.

This was when Charles Dickens was hitting his stride. ||||||||performing at best ||||||atingindo||auge ||||||||seinen Höhepunkt erreichen ||||||||nel suo apice ||||||||进入状态 ||||||en su mejor momento||su mejor momento これはチャールズ・ディケンズが絶頂期を迎えていた頃である。 Именно в это время Чарльз Диккенс достиг своего расцвета. 这是查尔斯·狄更斯开始步入巅峰的时候。 He now had more control over his works, and he finally started to make some proper, proper money. |||||||||||||verdienen|||| |||||||||||||||real|| |||||||||||||||vero|| Теперь у него было больше контроля над своими работами, и он наконец-то начал зарабатывать нормальные, правильные деньги. 他现在对自己的作品有更多的控制,并最终开始赚一些真正的钱。 His books and magazine articles became well known for campaigning against bad stuff, like child poverty, dangerous factories, cruel workhouses, and prisons. |||||||||||||||||||maisons de travail||prisons |||||||||advocating||||||child poverty|||inhumane|harsh labor institutions||监狱 |||||||||||||||pobreza|||||| |||||||||||||||||||Armenhäuser|| |||||||||fare campagna||||||||||case di lavoro|| ||||||||||||||||||残酷的|济贫院||监狱 |||||||||abogar por|en contra de||cosas malas|||pobreza infantil|peligrosas|||casas de trabajo|| 彼の本や雑誌の記事は、子どもの貧困、危険な工場、残酷なワークハウス、刑務所といった悪いものに対するキャンペーンでよく知られるようになった。 Его книги и статьи в журналах стали широко известны благодаря кампании против плохих вещей, таких как детская бедность, опасные фабрики, жестокие работные дома и тюрьмы. 他的书籍和杂志文章因为反对像儿童贫困、危险工厂、残酷的救济院和监狱等不良现象而变得著名。 He believed people in society had to be kinder and more compassionate to each other, which is also the theme behind A Christmas Carol, the story of the mean-spirited, money-grabbing Mr. Scrooge, who's visited by ghosts who help him see the true meaning of Christmas, which of course is snowball fights. |||||||||||||||||||thème principal||||||||||mesquin||||||||||||||||||||||batailles de boules de neige|batailles de boules de neige |||||||||||empathetic and caring|||||||||||||||||mean-spirited|mean-spirited||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||Natal|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||mitfühlender||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||avido di denaro||||||||||||||||||||battaglie di neve| ||||||||更友善|||富有同情心的||||||||||||||||||刻薄的||||吝啬鬼||||幽灵||||||||||||||打雪仗| |||||||||||มีความเห็นอกเห็น||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||más amables|||compasivos|||||||||detrás de|||||||||malhumorado||avaricioso||Mr Scrooge||||fantasmas|||||||significado verdadero|||||||peleas de bolas de|peleas de nieve これは、意地悪で金遣いの荒いスクルージ氏の物語である『クリスマス・キャロル』のテーマでもある。 Он считал, что люди в обществе должны быть добрее и сострадательнее друг к другу, что также является темой "Рождественской песни", истории о подлом, жадном до денег мистере Скрудже, которого посещают призраки, помогающие ему увидеть истинный смысл Рождества, который, конечно же, заключается в боях снежками. Sorry, I mean being nice to people. Простите, я имею в виду быть вежливым с людьми.

Of course, when you buy books, the author has finished writing them, but most of Dickens' stories were published in small sections over many months, sometimes for up to two years at a time, and he didn't often plan his plots in advance, so sometimes the books really changed style when he changed his mind about what he wanted to do. ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||情节|||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||Handlungen|||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||情节|||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||tramas|||||||||||||||||||| もちろん、本を購入した時点で著者はその本を書き終えているのだが、ディケンズの物語のほとんどは、何カ月にもわたって、時には一度に2年にもわたって小分けにして出版された。 Конечно, когда вы покупаете книги, автор уже закончил их писать, но большинство рассказов Диккенса публиковались небольшими частями в течение многих месяцев, иногда до двух лет подряд, и он не часто планировал свои сюжеты заранее, поэтому иногда книги действительно меняли стиль, когда он менял свое мнение о том, что он хотел сделать. For his absolutely hooked readers, it was sort of like waiting for the next episode of Doctor Who. |||着迷|||||||||||||| |||apaixonados|||||||||||||| Для его абсолютно "подсевших" читателей это было сродни ожиданию следующего эпизода "Доктора Кто". 对于他们那些完全着迷的读者来说,这有点像等待下一集《神秘博士》的感觉。 People were thrilled to see what might happen next, and Americans queued at the docks for British ships to arrive so they could ask the passengers what had happened to Dickens' characters. |||||||||||ont fait la queue|||||||||||||||||||| ||excited||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||stellten sich an|||||||||||||||||||| ||entusiasti|||||||||in fila|||banchine del porto||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||排队等待|||码头||||||||||||||||| ||emocionados|||||||||hicieron fila|||muelles||||||||||||||||| People were thrilled to see what might happen next, and Americans queued at the docks for British ships to arrive so they could ask the passengers what had happened to Dickens' characters. Люди с нетерпением ждали, что же произойдет дальше, а американцы стояли в очередях у причалов, ожидая прибытия британских кораблей, чтобы расспросить пассажиров о том, что случилось с героями Диккенса. 人们很兴奋地想知道接下来可能发生什么事,美国人排队在码头等待英国船只的到来,以便询问乘客狄更斯的人物发生了什么事。 Even in Victorian times, people still wanted to look up spoilers before reading the book for themselves. ||||||||||révélations anticipées|||||| ||||||||||书籍情节泄|||||| ||||||||||||||||para si mesmos ||||||||||Handlungszusammenfassungen|||||| ||||||||||剧透内容|||||| ||||||||||detalles reveladores|||||| ヴィクトリア朝時代でさえ、人々は自分で本を読む前にネタバレを調べようとした。 Даже в викторианскую эпоху люди все еще хотели найти спойлеры, прежде чем прочитать книгу самостоятельно. 即使在维多利亚时代,人们仍然希望在阅读之前查询剧透。

So Charles Dickens was an international superstar, but in 1858, Charles' life was rocked by a personal scandal when he publicly separated from his wife, Catherine. ||||||超级明星||||||动摇了|||||||||||| |||||||||Charles||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||个人|丑闻|||||||| ||||||superestrella|||||||||||||||||| チャールズ・ディケンズは世界的なスーパースターだったが、1858年、妻キャサリンとの別居を公にしたことで、チャールズの人生は個人的なスキャンダルに揺れた。 Итак, Чарльз Диккенс был международной суперзвездой, но в 1858 году жизнь Чарльза потряс личный скандал, когда он публично разошелся со своей женой Кэтрин. He'd started dating a much younger actress in secret. Он начал тайно встречаться с актрисой намного моложе себя. Her name was Ellen Ternan, and he even sent Ellen a piece of jewelry, which was mistakenly delivered to his wife. ||||||||||||||||par erreur|livré à tort||| |||||||||Ellen|||||||por engano|||| ||||Ternan||||||||||||irrtümlich|zugestellt||| ||||||||||||||||per errore|||| |||艾伦|特南|||||||||首饰|||错发|||| ||||Ternan|||||Ellen Ternan||||||||entregado||| Ее звали Эллен Тернан, и он даже послал Эллен украшение, которое по ошибке доставили его жене. Yikes, that's like sending an embarrassing text message to the wrong person. 哎呀||||||||||| Oje||||||||||| 哎呀||||||||||| Accidenti||||||||||| ¡Vaya||||||||||| Это все равно что отправить неловкое сообщение не тому человеку. If that wasn't bad enough, Charles handled the whole thing terribly. ||||||géré|||| ||||||bewältigte|||| ||||||||||非常糟糕地 ||||||gestito|||| ||||||lidou||todo|| それで十分でなかったとすれば、シャルルの対応はひどかった。 Если этого было недостаточно, Чарльз повел себя ужасно. He was publicly very mean about Catherine, and he wrote a provocative letter in the Times newspaper. |||||||||||挑衅的||||| |||||||||||provocateur||||| |||||||||||引发争议的||||| |||||||||||provocador||||| Он публично очень грубо отозвался о Кэтрин и написал провокационное письмо в газету Times. He said she was a bad wife and a bad mum, and some historians think he even tried to get his wife sent off to go and live in an asylum, which is very nasty. |||||||||||||历史学家|||||||||||||||||精神病院||||恶毒 ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||asile|||| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||精神病院||||mean ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||molto cattivo ある歴史家は、彼は妻を精神病院送りにしようとさえしたと言っている。 Он говорил, что она плохая жена и плохая мать, а некоторые историки считают, что он даже пытался добиться того, чтобы его жену отправили жить в приют, что очень неприятно. Anyway, he forced her out of the house, and he stopped her from seeing her nine children. ||forçou|||||||||||||| В любом случае, он заставил ее уйти из дома и не давал видеться с девятью детьми. What a rotter. ||Quel salaud. ||scoundrel ||patife Was für ein Schuft.||Was für ein Schuft. ||Che mascalzone. ||真卑鄙 ||canalla Вот гнида.

The public were very upset with Charles Dickens. the||||||| Общественность была очень недовольна Чарльзом Диккенсом. His fans saw him as a good family man who wrote about being a good person. ||consideravano||||||||||||| |fãs|||||||||||||| Поклонники видели в нем примерного семьянина, который писал о том, что он хороший человек. But Charles Dickens was going through a nasty divorce, and this was not at all good for his image. ||||||||离婚|||||||||| |||||attraversando||spiacevole||||||||||| ||||||||divorcio desagradable|||||||||| Но Чарльз Диккенс переживал неприятный развод, и это совсем не лучшим образом сказывалось на его имидже. It was as if Greta Thunberg had been caught chucking fizzy drink bottles at a dolphin's head or punching a polar bear. |||||||||lancer|gazeuses|||||de dauphin|||||| |||||||||throwing|||||||||punching||| ||||||||pegada||gaseificada||||||||||| |||||||||werfen||||||Delfinkopf|||schlagen||| ||||格蕾塔|桑伯格||||扔|碳酸饮料|饮料|瓶子|||海豚的|||殴打||北极熊| |||||||||кидаючи|||||||||||| |||||||||lanzando|bebida gaseosa|||||delfín|||golpeando||| Как будто Грету Тунберг поймали за тем, что она бросала бутылки с шипучими напитками в голову дельфину или била белого медведя.

In 1865, another terrible event shook up Charles' personal life when he was caught up in a really horrible train crash. ||||震撼||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||||accident de train ||||sconvolse||||||||||||||| |||||||||коли|||||||||| В 1865 году еще одно ужасное событие потрясло личную жизнь Чарльза, когда он попал в ужасную железнодорожную катастрофу. У 1865 році ще один жахливий подія похитнула особисте життя Чарльза, коли він опинився в дуже жахливій залізничній катастрофі. 1865年,另一起可怕的事件让查尔斯的个人生活受到了严重的打击,当时他被卷入了一场非常可怕的火车事故。 Fellow passengers hailed him as a hero as he helped some of the injured people, but he also raced back into the broken carriage to rescue a draft of his latest book. ||acclamé||||héros|||||||||||||||||wagon|||||||| ||praised|||||||||||||||||||||车厢|||||||| companheiro||aclamaram||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| ||||||||||||||||||rannte||||||||||||| Compagni di viaggio||acclamato||||||||||||||||corse|||||||||bozza|||| 同车乘客||称赞||||||||||||||||冲回|||||车厢||抢救||手稿|||| ||||||||||||||||||побіг назад||||||||||||| ||aclamaron||||||||||||||||||||||||||||| Пассажиры приветствовали его как героя, когда он помогал некоторым пострадавшим, но он также помчался обратно в разбитый вагон, чтобы спасти черновик своей последней книги. Співпасажири провозгласили його героєм, коли він допоміг деяким постраждалим людям, але він також побіг назад у розбите вагонетці, щоб врятувати чернетку своєї останньої книги. 其他乘客称他为英雄,因为他帮助了一些受伤的人,但他还返回到断裂的车厢里,救出了他最新一本书的草稿。 Charles, priorities, please! |优先事项| Чарльз, приоритеты, пожалуйста! Чарльзе, пріоритети, будь ласка! 查尔斯,你的优先次序,请! The crash, understandably, was very upsetting for him, especially since he was probably sneaking back from France with his secret girlfriend, Ellen. ||de manière compréhensible|||bouleversant||||||||se faufilant|||||||| |||||||||||||偷偷|||||||| |||||||||||||furtivamente|||||||| ||verständlicherweise|||||||||||schlich zurück|||||||| |||||sconvolgente||||||||sgattaiolando|||||||| ||可以理解地|||||||||||偷偷摸摸|||||||| Авария, понятное дело, очень расстроила его, тем более что он, вероятно, тайком возвращался из Франции со своей тайной подружкой Эллен. She was injured in the crash, but he couldn't let anyone know because then the scandal would have got out. Sie||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||丑闻|||| 彼女は事故で怪我をしたが、スキャンダルが知れ渡ってしまうので、誰にも知らせることはできなかった。 Она пострадала в аварии, но он не мог никому сообщить об этом, потому что тогда бы разразился скандал. Вона отримала травми в аварії, але він не міг дати комусь знати, бо тоді вибухла б скандал. For the rest of his life, Charles Dickens was terrified of traveling on trains. |||||||||aterrorizado|||| Чарльз Диккенс до конца жизни боялся путешествовать на поездах. Протягом усього свого життя Чарльз Діккенс був наляканий подорожувати по потягах. You can see why. Вы можете понять, почему. Ти можеш побачити чому. He still kept on writing, though. ||continuou||| Однако он продолжал писать. He founded a couple of magazines, and as he got older, he started to plan his books in advance. Он основал несколько журналов, а с возрастом начал заранее планировать свои книги. This is when he wrote one of his greatest books, arguably his best book, Great Expectations. ||||||||||可以说|||||远大前程 ||||||||||可以说|||||期望 ||||||||||indiscutivelmente||||| Именно тогда он написал одну из своих величайших книг, возможно, лучшую книгу - "Большие надежды". 这是他写的其中一本最伟大的书籍,也可以说是他最好的作品《远大前程》。 He also did another American tour. Он также совершил еще одно американское турне. 他还进行了另一次美国之行。 This time, he was doing readings from his book. |||||朗读||| |||||lectures||| 今回は自著の朗読だった。 На этот раз он читал свою книгу. 这次,他正在为自己的书朗读。 These readings were very, very popular. Эти чтения были очень и очень популярны. People queued overnight on mattresses in the cold to see him, and he raked in huge sums of money. ||||matelas|||||||||amassé||||| |||||||||||||赚取||||| |||||||||||||arrecadou||||| Menschen||||Matratzen|||||||||verdiente||||| |in fila|||materassi|||freddo||||||||||| ||||床垫|||||||||赚取||||| Люди стояли в очереди на матрасах в холод, чтобы увидеть его, и он собирал огромные суммы денег. But he found these reading tours very exhausting. |||||||令人疲惫 |||||||épuisantes |||||||ermüdend Но он находил эти читательские туры очень утомительными. He was a passionate and energetic performer, and sometimes he had to have a big lie down after the performance. ||||||interprète||||||||||||| |||充满激情|||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||deitar|||| ||||||||||||||große||||| |||||||||||||||grande riposo|||| |||热情的|||||||||||||||| 彼は情熱的でエネルギッシュなパフォーマーで、演奏が終わると大の字になることもあった。 Он был страстным и энергичным исполнителем, и иногда ему требовалось прилечь после выступления. 他是一位充满激情和活力的表演者,有时在表演后不得不躺下休息一会儿。

In the end, it all got too much, and he died aged 58 years old, halfway through writing his 15th book, The Mystery of Edwin Drood, leaving behind the ultimate cliffhanger. ||||||||||||||||||||||||德鲁德||||最终的|悬念结局 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||suspense insoutenable ||||||||||||||||||||||||Edwin Drood|||||spannender Abschluss |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||悬念结尾 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||cliffhanger В конце концов, все это оказалось слишком сложным, и он умер в возрасте 58 лет, на полпути к написанию своей 15-й книги "Тайна Эдвина Друда", оставив после себя окончательный клиффхэнгер. 最后,一切都变得太多了,他在写作第15本书《埃德温·德鲁德的秘密》时去世,享年58岁,留下了最终的悬念。 Considering he'd spent his whole career making people wait to read what happened next, it was a very Charles Dickens way to die, to leave the book unfinished. |||||||||||||||||||||||||||未完成的 |||||||||||||||||||||||||||inachevé Berücksichtigen|||||||||||||||||||||||||||unvollendet ||spending||||||||||||||||||||||||| Учитывая, что он всю свою карьеру заставлял людей ждать, что же будет дальше, это был вполне в духе Чарльза Диккенса способ умереть, оставив книгу незавершенной. 考虑到他的整个职业生涯都是让人们等待着阅读接下来会发生什么,以一种非常查尔斯·狄更斯的方式离世,留下了未完成的书稿。

With all of its twists and turns, you might think that the life of Charles Dickens was worthy of a Charles Dickens novel, and in a way, it was. ||||曲折|||||||||||||值得||||||||||| ||||rebondissements|||||||||||||||||||||||| |||||||||||||||||digna||||||||||| Со всеми ее поворотами и изгибами можно подумать, что жизнь Чарльза Диккенса достойна романа Чарльза Диккенса, и в каком-то смысле так оно и есть. 凭借着所有的曲折和转折,你可能会认为查尔斯·狄更斯的一生堪称查尔斯·狄更斯小说的价值所在。 His beloved novel David Copperfield was originally meant to be Dickens' own life story, a type of book known as an autobiography. |||||||||||||||||||||autobiographie ||||Copperfield|||intended||||||||||||||自传 |||||||significava|||||||||||||| ||||Copperfield||||||||||||||||| |||||||inteso|||||||||||||| |心爱的|||大卫·科波菲尔|||||||||||||||||自传 Его любимый роман "Дэвид Копперфильд" изначально был задуман как история жизни самого Диккенса - тип книги, известный как автобиография. 他心爱的小说《大卫·科波菲尔》最初是狄更斯自己的生平故事,一种被称为自传的书籍类型。 There's a clue in the hero's name. ||线索|||英雄的| |||||des Helden| ||线索|||| 主人公の名前にヒントがある。 英雄的名字里藏着一个线索。 David Copperfield's initials, DC, are Charles Dickens' initials backwards, CD. |大卫·科波菲尔||狄更斯反写|||||| ||initiales||||||| |Copperfields|||||||| デビッド・コッパーフィールドのイニシャルDCは、チャールズ・ディケンズのイニシャルCDを逆にしたものである。 But Dickens was too ashamed to tell people that he'd once been a doctor. ||||羞于启齿||||||||| ||||honteux||||||||| ||||beschämt||||||||| ||||羞愧||||||||| ||||envergonhado||||||||| しかし、ディケンズは自分がかつて医者だったことを恥ずかしくて人に言えなかった。 但狄更斯太羞于告诉别人,他曾经是医生。 He was a poor factory boy, and that his dad had gone to prison. 彼は貧しい工場の少年で、父親は刑務所に行っていた。 他是一个贫穷的工厂男孩,他的爸爸曾经坐牢。 So, he got embarrassed and made the book about a fictional character, David Copperfield. ||||||||||虚构的||| ||||||||||fictif||| |||verlegen|||||||||| ||||||||||虚构的||| そこで彼は恥ずかしくなり、デイビッド・コッパーフィールドという架空の人物を題材にした本を作った。 因此,他感到尴尬,于是写了一本关于一个虚构人物大卫·科波菲尔德的书。 So that brings us to the end of Charles Dickens' life. |||ci||||||| というわけで、チャールズ・ディケンズの生涯はこれで幕を閉じる。 Now it's time for the quickfire quiz to see how much you've learned. |||||快问快答||||||| |||||quiz éclair||||||| |||||Blitzrunde||||||| |||||a raffica||||||| さて、どれだけ覚えたか、早押しクイズの時間だ。

Answer to question 1. He was sticking labels on jars of boot polish. |||||罐子|||鞋油 |||||Gläser|||

Answer to question 2. was, of course, Boz.

Answer to question 3. was Catherine Hogarth.

Answer to question 4. was 58 years old.

Answer to question 5. was David Copperfield.

Hopefully, you've enjoyed getting to know Charles Dickens. Why not get to know him some more by reading one of his books? I personally love A Christmas Carol. It's funny, a bit scary, and actually quite easy to read. It's one of my favourite books, so give it a whirl. ||||||||||试一试 ||||||||||essaye-le ||||||also||||ausprobieren ||||||||||provalo ||||||||||experimente

Tune in next time for some more homeschool history with me, Greg Janner. ||||||||||||詹纳 ||||||||||||Greg Janner And make sure to subscribe to the podcast on BBC Sounds so you never miss an episode.

Thank you for listening. Take care and goodbye.

Hello, I'm Simon Armitage and I'm here to tell you about my new Radio 4 podcast, The Poet Laureate Has Gone to His Shed. ||西蒙|阿米蒂奇||||||||||||||桂冠诗人|||||小屋 |||Armitage||||||||||||||Dichterpreisträger||||| |||||||||||||||||Poet Laureate|||||shed ||||||||||||||||||||||Capanno 你好,我是西蒙·阿米蒂奇(Simon Armitage),我在这里告诉你我的新广播4播客《桂冠诗人到他的小屋去了》。 Tucked away high in the Pennine Hills, the shed is where I sit and write. 藏匿|||||奔宁山脉|||小屋|||||| |||||Pennines||||||||| Nascosto|||||||||||||| 小屋隐藏在潘宁山脉的高处,那里是我坐下来写作的地方。 But writing can be a lonely and, dare I say, boring business. 但写作可能是寂寞的,我敢说,是单调乏味的事业。 So I've lined up a few visitors to drop by. ||安排了||||||| ||organisé||||||| ||||||||vorbeikommen| だから、立ち寄ってくれるお客さんを何人か並べたんだ。 我已经安排了一些访客来拜访。 Kate Tempest and Maxine Peake both try their hand at a bit of Middle English. |坦佩斯特||马克辛|皮克|||||||||| |||Maxine Peake||||||||||| 凯特·坦佩斯和马克辛·皮克都尝试了一点中古英语。 Guy Garvey shares birdwatching anecdotes. |盖伊·加维||观鸟|趣闻轶事 |||observation des oiseaux|anecdotes d'observation d'oiseaux |Garvey||Vogelbeobachtung| 盖伊·加维分享观鸟趣事。 Lily Cole takes me to the Amazon rainforest. 莉莉·科尔|科尔||||||亚马逊雨林 |||||||forêt amazonienne |||||||foresta pluviale amazzonica And I teach beatboxing world champion Testament how to make a kookaburra sound. |||教他打口技|||遗嘱|||||笑翠鸟的声音| |||boîte à rythmes||||||||| |||Beatboxing||||||||Kookaburra-Laut| |||faccio beatboxing||||||||| But to be honest, once the door of the shed is shut, the conversation goes wherever it likes. Just search for The Poet Laureate Has Gone to His Shed on BBC Sounds. |||||桂冠诗人||||||||