Past Tense Vergangenheitsform Tiempo pasado Tempo passato 過去形 Verleden tijd Czas przeszły Tempo passado Geçmiş Zaman Past Tense

았/었/했어요 I did||I did 았/었/했어요 았/었/했어요 -at/-eot/-haess-eoyo

어제 뭐 했어요? yesterday|what|did 昨天做什么了？ 昨天做什么了？ What did you do yesterday?

친구를 만났어요. my friend|I met 见朋友了。 见朋友了。 I met a friend.

쇼핑했어요? did you shop 购物了吗？ 购物了吗？ Did you go shopping?

아니요, 영화를 봤어요. no|the movie|I watched 没有，我看了电影。 没有，我看了电影。 No, I watched a movie.

저녁도 먹었어요? dinner|did you eat 晚饭也吃了吗？ 晚饭也吃了吗？ Did you have dinner?

네, 피자를 먹었어요. yes|pizza|I ate ||食べました 嗯，吃了披萨。 嗯，吃了披萨。 Yes, I had pizza.

았어요 / 었어요 / 했어요 was|was|did ました|ました| było|było| 았어요/었어요/했어요 았어요/었어요/했어요 -ed / -d / did

사건이 과거에 일어났음을 나타내는 어미. |dans le passé||| the incident|in the past|having occurred|indicating|suffix zdarzenie|w przeszłości|że się wydarzyło|| نهاية تشير إلى وقوع حدث في الماضي. 表示事件发生在过去的词尾。 表示事件发生在过去的词尾。 A suffix indicating that an event occurred in the past.

어떤 사건이 과거에 완료되었거나 그 사건의 결과가 현재까지 지속되는 상황을 나타내는 어미. which|event|in the past|has been completed|that|event's|result|until now|continuing|situation|indicating|ending |||zakończony lub||zdarzenia|wynik|do tej pory|trwający|sytuacji|| نهاية تشير إلى أن حدثًا ما قد اكتمل في الماضي أو أن نتائج ذلك الحدث مستمرة حتى الوقت الحاضر. 表示某一事件过去完成或该事件的结果持续到现在的语尾。 表示某一事件过去完成或该事件的结果持续到现在的语尾。 A suffix indicating that an event has been completed in the past or that the result of that event continues to the present.

동사 / 형용사 verb|adjective 动词 / 形容词 动词 / 形容词 Verb / Adjective

았/었/했어요 았/었/했어요 았/었/했어요 -ed (past tense)

과거형 past tense 过去式 过去式 Past tense

기본형 basic form 基本型 基本型 Base form

가다 go 去 去 to go

았/었/했어요 았/었/했어요 았/었/했어요 -ed (past tense)

가 + 았어요 go|past tense suffix 去 + 了 去 + 了 go + -ed

갔어요 went 走了 （去了） 走了 （去了） went

먹다 吃 吃 to eat

먹 + 었어요 eat|past tense suffix 吃+了 吃+了 ate + did

먹었어요 ate 吃了 吃了 I ate

공부하다 学习 学习 to study

공부 + 했어요 study|I did 学习+了 学习+了 studied + did

공부했어요 I studied 学习了 学习了 I studied.

-았어요 I did -았어요 -았어요 -았어요

동사/형용사 어간이 'ㅏ, ㅗ'로 끝나면 '-았어요'를 붙입니다. ||stem|'a|'o'|ends|'-at it'|attaches ||||||-ą| 动词/形容词词干以 "ㅏ, ㅗ" 结束的话，就加上"았어요"。 动词/形容词词干以 "ㅏ, ㅗ" 结束的话，就加上"았어요"。 If the stem of the verb/adjective ends with 'ㅏ' or 'ㅗ', attach '-았어요'.

작다 small 小 小 to be small

작았어요 was small było małe 小了 小了 It was small

놀다 玩儿 玩儿 to play

놀았어요 played 玩了 玩了 played

가다 go 去 去 to go

갔어요 went 走了 （去了） 走了 （去了） went

오다 来 来 come

왔어요 came 来了 来了 came

만나다 to meet 见面 见面 meet

만났어요 met 见面了 见面了 I met.

-었어요 -었어요 -었어요 -ed.

동사/형용사 어간에 'ㅏ, ㅗ'가 없으면 '-었어요'를 붙입니다. ||to the stem|'a|'o'|if there is not|'-was'|we attach ||||||-ował| 动词/形容词词干如果没有"ㅏ, ㅗ", 就加上"었어요". 动词/形容词词干如果没有"ㅏ, ㅗ", 就加上"었어요". If the verb/adjective stem does not have 'ㅏ' or 'ㅗ', attach '-ed'.

먹다 吃 吃 to eat.

먹었어요 ate 吃了 吃了 ate

입다 wear 穿 穿 wear

입었어요 I wore 穿上了 穿上了 wore

서다 stand 站立 站立 stand

섰어요 stood stanął 站起来了 站起来了 stood

배우다 to learn 学习 学习 to learn

배웠어요 I learned 学到了 学到了 learned

마시다 喝 喝 to drink

마셨어요 drank 喝了 喝了 I drank.

-했어요 했어요 했어요 - did.

동사 어간이 '하다'로 끝나면 '-했어요'로 바꿉니다. verb|stem|'to do'|ends|'-did'|changes ||||zrobiłem| 动词词干以"하다"结束的话,就换成"했어요". 动词词干以"하다"结束的话,就换成"했어요". If the verb stem ends with '하다', change it to '-했어요'.

일하다 to work 工作 工作 to work

일했어요 worked 工作了 工作了 worked

공부하다 学习 学习 to study

공부했어요 I studied 学习了 学习了 studied

청소하다 to clean 清扫 清扫 to clean

청소했어요 I cleaned 打扫了 打扫了 I cleaned.

전화하다 to call 打电话 打电话 To call.

전화했어요 I called 打电话了 打电话了 I called.

운동하다 to exercise 运动 运动 To exercise.

운동했어요 I exercised 做了运动 做了运动 I exercised.

'으' 탈락 'eu'|'dropping' "으" 脫落 "으" 脫落 '으' drops.

동사/형용사 어간이 '으'로 끝나면 'ㅡ'가 탈락됩니다. ||stem||if ends||drops |||||temat zdania| 动词/形容词词干以"으"结束的话，"으"就会被淘汰。 动词/形容词词干以"으"结束的话，"으"就会被淘汰。 If the stem of a verb/adjective ends with '으', 'ㅡ' drops.

바쁘다 busy 忙 忙 busy

바빴어요 was busy byłem zajęty 忙了。 忙了。 I was busy

쓰다 to write 写 写 to write

썼어요 写了 写了 I wrote

끄다 turn off 关 关 to turn off

껐어요 turned off 关了 关了 I turned it off.

아프다 hurt 疼 疼 It hurts.

아팠어요 was sick Bolało mnie 疼了 疼了 It hurt.

예쁘다 pretty 漂亮 漂亮 It is pretty.

예뻤어요 was pretty była piękna 很漂亮了 很漂亮了 It was pretty.

았어요 / 었어요 / 했어요 was|was|did 았어요 았어요 -ed / -ed / did.

'ㅏ, ㅗ' 있어요. a'|o'| 有 "ㅏ, ㅗ'' 有 "ㅏ, ㅗ'' There is 'ㅏ, ㅗ'.

았어요 았어요 았어요 -ed.

가다 / 갔어요 to go|went 走 / 走了 走 / 走了 go / went

놀다 / 놀았어요 to play|played 玩 / 玩了 玩 / 玩了 play / played

오다 / 왔어요 to come|came 来 / 来了 来 / 来了 come / came

바쁘다 / 바빴어요 busy|was busy 忙 / 很忙了 忙 / 很忙了 busy / was busy

'ㅏ, ㅗ' 없어요. a'|o'|there is not' 没有 "ㅏ, ㅗ" 没有 "ㅏ, ㅗ" 'ㅏ, ㅗ' does not exist.

었어요 었어요 었어요 It was.

먹다 / 먹었어요 to eat|I ate 吃 / 吃了 吃 / 吃了 To eat / ate.

있다 / 있었어요 to exist|existed 有 / 有了 有 / 有了 To exist / existed.

없다 / 없었어요 to not exist|did not exist |nie było 没有 / 没有了 没有 / 没有了 there is not / there was not

쓰다 / 썼어요 to write|wrote 写 / 写了 写 / 写了 to write / wrote

하다 / 했어요 to do|did 做 / 做了 做 / 做了 to do / did

일하다 / 일했어요 to work|worked 工作 / 工作了 工作 / 工作了 to work / worked

공부하다 / 공부했어요 to study|I studied 学习 / 学习了 学习 / 学习了 to study / studied

청소하다 / 청소했어요 to clean|I cleaned 打扫 / 打扫了 打扫 / 打扫了 to clean / cleaned

운동하다 / 운동했어요 to exercise|I exercised 运动 / 运动了 运动 / 运动了 to exercise / exercised

같은 뜻, 다른 표현 same|meaning|different|expression 同义 异表达 同义 异表达 same meaning, different expression

가장 자주 쓰이는 표현 most|frequently|used|expression 最常用的表达 最常用的表达 Most commonly used expressions

친한 친구나 어린 사람에게 쓰는 표현 close|friend|younger|to person|using|expression 对亲朋幼友的表达 对亲朋幼友的表达 Expressions used with close friends or younger people

친구를 만났습니다. the friend|I met 见朋友了。（格式） 见朋友了。（格式） I met a friend.

친구를 만났어요. my friend|I met 见朋友了。 见朋友了。 I met a friend.

친구를 만났어. my friend|I met 见到了朋友。 见到了朋友。 I met a friend.

쇼핑을 했습니까? shopping|did you 购物了吗？ （格式） 购物了吗？ （格式） Did you go shopping?

쇼핑했어요? did you shop 购物了吗？ 购物了吗？ Did you shop?

쇼핑했어? did you shop 购物了吗？ 购物了吗？ Did you shop?

아니요, 영화를 봤습니다. no|movie|I watched ||widziałem 没有，我看了电影。（格式） 没有，我看了电影。（格式） No, I watched the movie.

아니요, 영화를 봤어요. no|the movie|I watched 没有，我看了电影。 没有，我看了电影。 No, I watched the movie.

아니, 영화 봤어. no|movie|I watched ||widziałem 没有，我看了电影。 没有，我看了电影。 No, I watched the movie.

연습문제 practice problem 练习 练习 Practice problems

보기 seeing 例子 例子 view

먹다 吃 吃 to eat

먹었어요 ate 吃了 吃了 ate

가다 go 去 去 to go

갔어요 went 走了 （去了） 走了 （去了） went

오다 来 来 come

왔어요 came 来了 来了 came

웃다 to laugh 笑 笑 laugh

웃었어요 laughed 笑了 笑了 laughed

울다 哭 哭 to cry

울었어요 cried 哭了。 哭了。 cried

만나다 meet 见面 见面 to meet

만났어요 I met 见面了 见面了 met

사다 buy 买 买 to buy

샀어요 bought 买了 买了 bought

살다 live 活 活 to live

살았어요 lived 活了 活了 lived

좋다 good 好 好 good

좋았어요 was good 好了 好了 was good

좋아하다 to like 喜欢 喜欢 to like

좋아했어요 liked 喜欢了 喜欢了 I liked it

공부하다 学习 学习 to study

공부했어요 I studied 学习了 学习了 studied

오늘의 문제 today's|problem 今天的提问 今天的提问 today's problem

날씨가 좋다 the weather|is good 天气好。 天气好。 The weather is nice.

날씨가 좋았어요. the weather|was good 天气很好了。 天气很好了。 The weather was nice.

날씨가 나쁘다 the weather|is bad 天气不好 天气不好 The weather is bad.

날씨가 나빴어요. the weather|was bad |była zła 天气不好了。 天气不好了。 The weather was bad.

바람이 시원하다 the wind|is cool 风很凉爽 风很凉爽 The wind is cool.

바람이 시원했어요. le vent| the wind|was cool |było chłodno 风很凉爽了。 风很凉爽了。 The wind was cool.

이 영상이 마음에 드시면 '좋아요'와 '구독' 부탁드려요! this|video|to my liking|if you like|'like' and|'subscribe'|I ask you 如果喜欢这个视频，请点赞和订阅！ 如果喜欢这个视频，请点赞和订阅！ If you like this video, please give it a 'like' and 'subscribe'!

시청해 주셔서 감사합니다. watching|for|thank you 谢谢收看。 谢谢收看。 Thank you for watching.